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27-647: (Redirected from Johann Muller ) Johann Müller may refer to: Regiomontanus (1436–1476), German mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, translator, instrument maker and Catholic bishop Johann Müller (composer) ( fl. 1640– c.  1670 ), German composer and organist Johann Friedrich Theodor Müller (1821–1897), German biologist and physician who emigrated to southern Brazil Johann Gotthard von Müller (1747–1830), German line engraver Johann Heinrich Jakob Müller (1809–1875), German physicist Johann Helfrich von Müller (1746–1830), German engineer; inventor of

54-407: A lance or (gold), in bend, on an azure (blue) field, associated with Würzburg in the lower left quadrant, and a white/silver wheel on a red field symbolizing the clerical state of Mainz , in the lower right quadrant. Next to the former episcopal residence cities of Würzburg (with Veitshöchheim ) and Aschaffenburg , the towns of Miltenberg , Amorbach and Werneck , the scenic attractions of

81-732: A member of Bessarion's household, looking for and copying mathematical and astronomical manuscripts for Bessarion, who possessed the largest private library in Europe at the time. Regiomontanus also made the acquaintance of the leading Italian mathematicians of the age such as Giovanni Bianchini and Paolo dal Pozzo Toscanelli who had also been friends of Peuerbach during his prolonged stay in Italy more than twenty years earlier. In 1467, he went to work for János Vitéz , archbishop of Esztergom . There he calculated extensive astronomical tables and built astronomical instruments. Next he went to Buda , and

108-563: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Regiomontanus Johannes Müller von Königsberg (6 June 1436 – 6 July 1476 ), better known as Regiomontanus ( / ˌ r iː dʒ i oʊ m ɒ n ˈ t eɪ n ə s / ), was a mathematician, astrologer and astronomer of the German Renaissance , active in Vienna , Buda and Nuremberg . His contributions were instrumental in

135-513: Is however considered more likely that he died from the plague. During his time in Italy he completed Peuerbach's abridgement of Almagest , Epytoma in almagesti Ptolemei . In 1464, he completed De triangulis omnimodis ("On Triangles of All Kinds"). De triangulis omnimodis was one of the first textbooks presenting the current state of trigonometry and included lists of questions for review of individual chapters. In it he wrote: You who wish to study great and wonderful things, who wonder about

162-557: Is known of Regiomontanus' early life, it is believed that at eleven years of age, he became a student at the University of Leipzig , Saxony . In 1451 he continued his studies at Alma Mater Rudolfina , the university in Vienna , in the Duchy of Austria, where he became a pupil and friend of Georg von Peuerbach . In 1452 he was awarded his bachelor's degree ( baccalaureus ), and he was awarded his master's degree ( magister artium ) at

189-418: Is to be commended for this attempt at determining the physical dimensions of the comet. The 1472 comet was visible from Christmas Day 1471 to 1 March 1472 (Julian Calendar), a total of 59 days. In 1475, Regiomontanus was called to Rome by Pope Sixtus IV on to work on the planned calendar reform . Sixtus promised substantial rewards, including the title of bishop of Regensburg , but it is unlikely that he

216-494: The comet of 1472 . Regiomontanus tried to estimate its distance from Earth, using the angle of parallax. According to David A. Seargeant: In agreement with the prevailing Aristotelian theory on comets as atmospheric phenomena, he estimated its distance to be at least 8,200 miles (13,120 km) and, from this, estimated the central condensation as 26, and the entire coma as 81 miles (41.6 and 129.6 km respectively) in diameter. These values, of course, fail by orders of magnitude, but he

243-617: The heliocentric theory of the Pythagorean Aristarchus , mention was also given to the motion of the earth in a letter to a friend. Much of the material on spherical trigonometry in Regiomontanus' On Triangles was taken directly from the twelfth-century work of Jabir ibn Aflah otherwise known as Geber, as noted in the sixteenth century by Gerolamo Cardano . Simon Stevin , in his book describing decimal representation of fractions ( De Thiende ), cites

270-662: The Free City of Nuremberg , in Franconia , then one of the Empire's important seats of learning, publication, commerce and art, where he worked with the humanist and merchant Bernhard Walther . Here he founded the world's first scientific printing press, and in 1472 he published the first printed astronomical textbook, the Theoricae novae Planetarum of his teacher Georg von Peurbach. Regiomontanus and Bernhard Walther observed

297-585: The Greek, which Bessarion, correctly, regarded as inaccurate and badly translated, so he asked Peuerbach to produce a new one. Peuerbach's Greek was not good enough to do a translation but he knew the Almagest intimately so instead he started work on a modernised, improved abridgement of the work. Bessarion also invited Peuerbach to become part of his household and to accompany him back to Italy when his work in Vienna

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324-420: The age of 21 in 1457. He lectured in optics and ancient literature. In 1460 the papal legate Basilios Bessarion came to Vienna on a diplomatic mission. Being a humanist scholar with a great interest in the mathematical sciences, Bessarion sought out Peuerbach's company. George of Trebizond who was Bessarion's philosophical rival had recently produced a new Latin translation of Ptolemy 's Almagest from

351-431: The city name was dropped in the middle of the 20th century, leaving just Lower Franconia. From 1933, the regional Nazi Gauleiter , Otto Hellmuth , (who had renamed his party Gau "Mainfranken" ) insisted on renaming the government district Mainfranken as well. He encountered resistance from Bavarian state authorities but finally succeeded in having the name of the district changed, effective 1 June 1938. After 1945

378-491: The court of Matthias Corvinus of Hungary, for whom he built an astrolabe, and where he collated Greek manuscripts for a handsome salary. The trigonometric tables that he created while living in Hungary, his Tabulae directionum profectionumque (printed posthum. , 1490), were designed for astrology, including finding astrological houses. The Tabulae also contained several tangent tables . In 1471 Regiomontanus moved to

405-577: The development of Copernican heliocentrism in the decades following his death. Regiomontanus wrote under the Latinized name of Ioannes de Monteregio (or Monte Regio ; Regio Monte ); the toponym Regiomontanus was first used by Philipp Melanchthon in 1534. He is named after Königsberg in Lower Franconia , not the larger Königsberg (modern Kaliningrad ) in Prussia. Although little

432-621: The difference engine Johann Jakob Müller (1846–1875), Swiss physiologist and physicist Johann Jakob Müller (philosopher) (1650–1716), German moral philosopher Johann Wilhelm von Müller (1824–1866), German ornithologist and explorer Johann Müller Argoviensis (1828–1896), Swiss botanist Johann Müller (footballer) See also [ edit ] Johann Muller (rugby union) (born 1980), South African Rugby Union player Johannes Müller (disambiguation) Hans Müller (disambiguation) Johanna Müller-Hermann (1878–1941), Austrian composer [REDACTED] Topics referred to by

459-691: The following years, due to territorial changes (e. g. loss of Tyrol , addition of the Palatinate ), the number of Kreise was reduced to 8. One of these was the Untermainkreis (Lower Main District). In 1837 king Ludwig I of Bavaria renamed the Kreise after historical territorial names and tribes of the area. This also involved some border changes or territorial swaps. Thus the name Untermainkreis changed to Lower Franconia and Aschaffenburg , but

486-561: The founding of the Kingdom of Bavaria the state was totally reorganised and, in 1808, divided into 15 administrative government regions (German: Regierungsbezirke , singular Regierungsbezirk ), in Bavaria called Kreise (singular: Kreis ). They were created in the fashion of the French departements , quite even in size and population, and named after their main rivers. In

513-477: The movement of the stars, must read these theorems about triangles. Knowing these ideas will open the door to all of astronomy and to certain geometric problems. In 1465, he built a portable sundial for Pope Paul II . In Epytoma in almagesti Ptolemei , he critiqued the translation of Almagest by George of Trebizond , pointing out inaccuracies. Later Nicolaus Copernicus would refer to this book as an influence on his own work. A prolific author, Regiomontanus

540-576: The name Unterfranken was restored. The municipal reform ( Kreisreform ) of June 1972 consolidated the 22 country districts of Lower Franconia into nine. Unterfranken is the north-west part of Franconia and consists of three district-free cities ( Kreisfreie Städte ) and nine country districts ( Landkreise ). The major portion of the Franconian wine region is situated in Lower Franconia. The Gross domestic product (GDP) of

567-547: The region was 53.7 billion € in 2018, accounting for 1.6% of German economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 37,500 € or 124% of the EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 102% of the EU average. The coat of arms includes the " Franconian Rake " (the arms of Duchy of Franconia ) in the upper portion, the " Rennfähnlein  [ de ] ", a banner, quarterly argent (silver) and gules (red), on

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594-407: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles about people with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Johann_Müller&oldid=1058765612 " Category : Human name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

621-500: The trigonometric tables of Regiomontanus as suggestive of positional notation . Regiomontanus designed his own astrological house system , which became one of the most popular systems in Europe. In 1561, Daniel Santbech compiled a collected edition of the works of Regiomontanus, De triangulis planis et sphaericis libri quinque (first published in 1533) and Compositio tabularum sinum recto , as well as Santbech's own Problematum astronomicorum et geometricorum sectiones septem . It

648-503: Was actually appointed to the role. On his way to Rome, stopping in Venice, he commissioned the publication of his Calendarium with Erhard Ratdolt (printed in 1476). Regiomontanus reached Rome, but he died there after only a few months, in his 41st year, on 6 July 1476. According to a rumor repeated by Gassendi in his Regiomontanus biography, he was poisoned by relatives of George of Trebizond whom he had criticized in his writing; it

675-442: Was finished. Peuerbach accepted the invitation on the condition that Regiomontanus could also accompany them. However Peuerbach fell ill in 1461 and died having completed only the first six books of his abridgement of the Almagest . On his death bed Peuerbach made Regiomontanus promise to finish the book and publish it. In 1461 Regiomontanus left Vienna with Bessarion and spent the next four years travelling around Northern Italy as

702-419: Was internationally famous in his lifetime. Despite having completed only a quarter of what he had intended to write, he left a substantial body of work. Nicolaus Copernicus ' teacher, Domenico Maria Novara da Ferrara , referred to Regiomontanus as having been his own teacher. There is speculation that Regiomontanus had arrived at a theory of heliocentrism before he died; a manuscript shows particular attention to

729-652: Was published in Basel by Henrich Petri and Petrus Perna . There is an image of him in Hartmann Schedel's 1493 Nuremberg Chronicle . He is holding an astrolabe . Yet, although there are thirteen illustrations of comets in the Chronicle (from 471 to 1472), they are stylized, rather than representing the actual objects. The crater Regiomontanus on the Moon is named after him. Lower Franconia After

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