Misplaced Pages

John Jervis

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.

Meaford Hall in Staffordshire , England is a 17th-century country house at Meaford , near Stone, Staffordshire . The River Trent runs through the estate's meadow. On the river was one round and one three-sided half-turret.

#360639

47-511: John Jervis may refer to: John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent (1735–1823), Royal Navy admiral Sir John Jervis (judge) (1802–1856), British politician, Solicitor General, Attorney General and Privy Counsellor John Jervis (MP for Horsham) (1826-?), British MP for Horsham John B. Jervis (1795–1885), American civil engineer See also [ edit ] John Jarvis (disambiguation) [REDACTED] Topics referred to by

94-529: A galley of the Genoese navy and hid aboard one of Alarm 's boats. They were forcibly removed by the Genoese authorities, and Jervis made an official protest and promised retaliation if they were not handed over. Both were produced and Jervis took custody of them. On 30 March 1770 Alarm was driven ashore off Marseilles , but with the efforts of Jervis, the crew and the local French authorities under

141-1056: A close blockade of Toulon and Nelson was assigned the task of aiding the Austrian army along the Italian coast. By September 1796 the British presence in the Mediterranean had become untenable. Napoleon had beaten Britain's Austrian allies, who were in disarray, and in October, Spain surrendered and allied themselves to the French. Jervis recalled Admiral Robert Mann to aid in the blockade of Cadiz. Mann took his ships instead to Spithead. Jervis abandoned Corsica between September and November 1796 and withdrew his forces to Gibraltar. A Spanish fleet made up of twenty-four line-of-battle ships and seven frigates sailed from Toulon on 1 February 1797. Jervis' fleet of ten ships-of-the-line

188-424: Is a Grade II* listed building that reached as much as 156 feet long by 45 feet wide with a basement, ground floor and second floor. The hall consisted of two buildings with a chamber, work room and bedroom. The basement included a deeds room, wine cellar , two beer cellars and dispense cellar. The estate was founded in the 8th century and acquired by William Jervis of Chatcull in the late 17th century and remained

235-475: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent Admiral of the Fleet John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent GCB , PC (9 January 1735 – 13 March 1823) was a British Royal Navy officer, politician and peer. Jervis served throughout the latter half of the 18th century and into the 19th, and

282-576: The Albany . In May 1760 Jervis was attached to Admiral Sir George Rodney 's Channel squadron. In October 1760 he was made post-captain in command of the 44-gun Gosport . Gosport had on board a young midshipman, George Elphinstone , later Viscount Keith, who took over Jervis' command in the Mediterranean after Jervis' departure in 1799. In 1762, HMS Gosport , HMS  Danae and HMS  Superb under Captain Joshua Rowley , convoyed

329-699: The Battle of Cartagena . He followed Saunders once more when the admiral was promoted to command the North American station; Jervis was promoted to first lieutenant of HMS Prince . The fleet, part of an expedition to capture the French possessions in North America, left England in February 1759. They stopped first at Louisbourg , which had been captured from the French the previous year. By June,

376-611: The Mediterranean , between 1795 and 1799 he introduced a series of severe standing orders to avert mutiny . He applied those orders to both seamen and officers alike, a policy that made him a controversial figure. He took his disciplinarian system of command with him when he took command of the Channel Fleet in 1799. In 1801, as First Lord of the Admiralty , he introduced a number of reforms that, though unpopular at

423-590: The bar . The young Jervis was educated at Burton Grammar School and subsequently at Reverend Swinden's Academy in Greenwich , London. Their family name Jervis is pronounced / ˈ dʒ ɜːr v ɪ s / JUR -vis . At the age of thirteen, Jervis ran away and joined the navy at Woolwich , London. After a short time he returned home as he had heard his family were very upset at his disappearance. Lady Jane Hamilton (mother of Sir William Hamilton ) and Lady Burlington became aware of Jervis' desire to join

470-754: The Commander-in-Chief of the Channel Fleet he was aided significantly in his blockade of Brest by these charts. In later years, he commented: "Had the young Captain Jervis not performed such a complete survey of this port then the Earl St Vincent would not have been able to effect such a thorough blockade of it." At the outbreak of the American War of Independence in 1775 Jervis was given the command of HMS  Kent ; however, she

517-783: The East and West Indian trade to the westward, and successfully protected it from the squadron of Commodore de Ternay . By the end of 1763, with the end of the Seven Years' War, Gosport had been paid off and Jervis remained unemployed until February 1769, when he was appointed to the 32-gun HMS  Alarm , the first coppered warship in the Royal Navy. He was tasked with delivering bullion to British merchants in Genoa . During his time in Genoa, two Turkish galley slaves escaped from

SECTION 10

#1732783074361

564-487: The French colonies of Martinique , Guadeloupe and Saint Lucia and restored monarchist rule. The French counter-attacked and recaptured Guadeloupe on 2 June 1794. Jervis and Grey landed a force to recapture the island but were repulsed by the reinforced French garrison and the British expedition withdrew. In November 1794 Admiral Benjamin Caldwell replaced Jervis. Disputes over prize money were widely held as

611-458: The Mediterranean fleet in the frigate Lively and once more took Charles Grey 's son, Captain George Grey , as his flag-captain. Jervis also took Robert Calder as his captain of the fleet. On arrival at Gibraltar Jervis took HMS  Victory as his flagship. Among Jervis' subordinates were Captains Horatio Nelson , Cuthbert Collingwood , and Thomas Troubridge . Jervis began

658-664: The West Indies, he discharged Jervis into the Severn under Admiral Thomas Cotes . Cotes' flag captain Henry Dennis rated Jervis as a midshipman . On 31 July 1754, Jervis was transferred to the 24-gun Sphinx . Jervis commented in a letter to his sister: "my chief employ when from my duty is reading studying navigation and perusing my old letters, of which I have almost enough to make an octavo volume." While in Jamaica,

705-483: The armed transports past Quebec to land up river. One biographer, Jedediah Tucker, notes that as the approach was so critical, both Wolfe and the subsequently famous James Cook boarded Porcupine to ensure the success of the mission. For his efforts Jervis was promoted commander and took command of HMS  Scorpion . Jervis returned to England in September but immediately returned to North America in command of

752-532: The certainty of it being paid". Sphinx was paid off at Spithead on 7 November 1754. Jervis was assigned to the 20-gun HMS Seaford in December of the same year, and then from the end of December until February 1755 underwent further instruction onboard HM Yacht William and Mary under the navigational expert Captain John Campbell . Jervis passed his lieutenant's examination on 2 January 1755 and

799-591: The creation of the Franco-American alliance , the war widened. Jervis spent the first few years of the war patrolling the Channel in Foudroyant without seeing any significant action, but as the war reached Europe Jervis was placed under the command of Admiral Augustus Keppel . The Channel fleet, under Keppel, sighted the French fleet intending to enter Brest on 23 July. The British fleet of 30 ships of

846-424: The elections of 1784 Jervis stood for election in the independent borough of Great Yarmouth , where he was returned as MP alongside Henry Beaufoy . Jervis then voted against Pitt's further bills for reform but supported him once more during the 1788–1789 Regency Crisis . On 24 September 1787 Jervis was promoted rear-admiral of the blue and hoisted his flag in the 74-gun Carnatic for several months during

893-620: The governor of Marseilles, Georges René Le Peley de Pléville she was brought off and repaired. Jervis personally returned to Marseilles with a letter of thanks from the Board of the Admiralty to the governor for his assistance. In 1771 Alarm returned to England to collect the Duke of Gloucester , King George III 's brother, in order that he could winter in Italy. He lived aboard with his entourage until May 1772, when Alarm returned to England and

940-546: The ice along the Saint Lawrence River had broken up and the fleet along with the military transports headed up river to the assault of Quebec City . On 15 May 1759, Jervis had been promoted acting commander of the sloop HMS  Porcupine . In this command Jervis impressed General James Wolfe in the preparations that led to the Battle of the Plains of Abraham . Porcupine and the frigate Halifax led

987-526: The line chased the French fleet of 29 ships and engaged them on 27 July in what became known as the First Battle of Ushant . The battle was indecisive and in the political aftermath Jervis provided a stalwart defence of Admiral Keppel at the latter's court-martial , helping to secure Keppel's acquittal. Jervis remained in Foudroyant attached to the Channel Fleet and for a short time acted as flag captain to Admiral Molyneux Shuldham . In 1780 Jervis

SECTION 20

#1732783074361

1034-471: The line, Sir John" "Enough, sir, no more of that; the die is cast, and if there are fifty sail I will go through them." A passenger aboard Victory , Captain Benjamin Hallowell , achieved a brief notoriety for slapping the admiral on the back and calling out "That's right Sir John, that's right. By God, we shall give them a damned good licking!" Meaford Hall, Staffordshire It

1081-627: The navy and lobbied his family on his behalf. Eventually, they introduced the Jervis family to Admiral George Townshend , who agreed to take the boy aboard one of his ships. On 4 January 1749, Jervis entered the navy as an able seaman aboard the 50-gun Gloucester on her way to Jamaica . On arrival in the West Indies , Jervis was assigned to the sloop Ferret on the Mosquito Coast , where he saw constant service against Spanish guarda-costas and privateers . When Townshend quit

1128-601: The organiser of victories; the creator of well-equipped, highly efficient fleets; and in training a school of officers as professional, energetic, and devoted to the service as himself." John Jervis was born in Meaford Hall, Staffordshire , on 9 January 1735, the second son of Swynfen and Elizabeth Jervis. His father was a barrister , counsellor to the Admiralty Board and auditor of Greenwich Hospital . Swynfen Jervis intended that his son should follow him to

1175-473: The peace negotiations his orders were rescinded and he struck his pennant on 14 January 1783. During the peace Jervis married his cousin Martha, daughter of Lord Chief Baron Sir Thomas Parker . Jervis was also returned as MP for Launceston in 1783. Jervis began his political career in earnest and voted for Pitt 's parliamentary reforms and against Charles James Fox and his East India Bill. During

1222-413: The quarterdeck of Victory , Jervis and his flag captain, Robert Calder, counted the ships. It was at this point Jervis discovered that he was outnumbered nearly two-to-one: "There are eight sail of the line, Sir John" "Very well, sir" "There are twenty sail of the line, Sir John" "Very well, sir" "There are twenty five sail of the line, Sir John" "Very well, sir" "There are twenty seven sail of

1269-411: The reason that Jervis and Grey were not awarded peerages for their service. The prize money for the capture of the three islands, when finally calculated, amounted to £70,000 that was due to the officers and men of the navy. If adjusted for inflation this would equal approximately £9,200,000 as of 2023. Grey and Jervis' enemies proposed a vote of censure against the general and admiral. The vote itself

1316-405: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles about people with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Jervis&oldid=1055257307 " Category : Human name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

1363-576: The seat of the Jervis family for almost 250 years. It played a role in The 'Forty-Five' rebellion by the Young Pretender , Prince Charles Edward Stuart . Swinfen Jervis received 70 soldiers and awaited an engagement that never occurred. It was the birthplace of Admiral John Jervis , later 1st Earl St Vincent, hero of the defeat of the Spanish at the Battle of Cape St Vincent in 1797. The hall

1410-654: The tensions arising from the Prussian invasion of the Netherlands. In 1790 Jervis was recalled to service once more and moved his flag to the second-rate Prince during the Nootka Sound crisis that threatened war between England and Spain. Also in 1790 Jervis was promoted rear-admiral of the white and stood down as MP for Great Yarmouth and stood instead for the Chipping Wycombe seat, to which he

1457-587: The time, made the Navy more efficient and more self-sufficient. He introduced innovations, including block making machinery at Portsmouth Royal Dockyard . St Vincent was known for his generosity to officers he considered worthy of reward, and his swift and often harsh punishment of those he felt deserved it. Jervis' entry in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography by P. K. Crimmin describes his contribution to history: "His importance lies in his being

John Jervis - Misplaced Pages Continue

1504-420: The while Jervis made notes on defences, harbour charts and safe anchorages. They came home via the Netherlands, Jervis once again making extensive studies of the area and taking copious notes describing any useful information. He and Barrington then took a private cruise along the Channel coast, calling at various harbours, including Brest , making and improving their charts as they went. When Jervis later became

1551-408: The young Jervis drew funds against his father's account with a local banker. When the reply came from England that the withdrawal could not be honoured, the midshipman found himself in debt. Jervis was forced to quit his officer's mess and live as a common sailor until enough money was collected to pay off the loan. The event deeply affected the young Jervis, who swore never to "draw another bill without

1598-561: Was an active commander during the Seven Years' War , American War of Independence and the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars . He is best known for his victory at the 1797 Battle of Cape St. Vincent , from which he earned his titles, and as a patron of Horatio Nelson . Jervis was also recognised by both political and military contemporaries as a fine administrator and naval reformer. As Commander-in-chief of

1645-406: Was assigned as sixth lieutenant to the first-rate Royal George of 100 guns. By March, he had moved to third lieutenant of the 60-gun Nottingham . While serving on Nottingham , he participated in an attempt by the fleet of Admiral Edward Boscawen to prevent French reinforcements from reaching New France . On 31 March 1756, Jervis moved to the 74-gun HMS Devonshire and on 22 June he

1692-479: Was incapacitated by sickness. As commander, he fought a larger French privateer in an indecisive action off Cape Gata . When the captain of the Experiment regained his health, Jervis moved back to Culloden . In June 1757, he followed Saunders to the 90-gun HMS St George . Jervis returned to England in temporary command of the 80-gun Foudroyant , a ship that had been captured by Henry Osborn 's fleet at

1739-469: Was much extended and modernised by Lady Forester, daughter of Edward Jervis Jervis, 2nd Viscount St Vincent in the late 19th century but was sold in 1943. Thereafter it was variously occupied by the United States forces, and by a school and latterly it served as the headquarters of the building company Percy Bilton Ltd. Following a period of unoccupation and neglect the hall – much reduced in size –

1786-593: Was negative. Jervis and Grey were however awarded the thanks of both Houses of Parliament for their services. On 12 April 1794 Jervis was promoted vice-admiral of the white. Jervis was promoted admiral of the blue on 1 June 1795 and appointed to command the Mediterranean Fleet . Boyne had caught fire on 1 May 1795 and had blown up in Spithead, the result of an accident, and Jervis lost almost all of his possessions. Jervis went to take command of

1833-676: Was paid off. Between October 1772 and June 1775, Jervis travelled extensively. He began in France, where he studied the language and made observations about French life. He accompanied Captain Samuel Barrington to Russia where they spent time in Saint Petersburg and inspected the arsenal and dockyards at Kronstadt and took a tour of the yacht designed by Sir Charles Knowles for Catherine of Russia . The pair continued on to Sweden, Denmark and northern Germany. All

1880-467: Was patrolling off Cape Saint Vincent and was subsequently joined by five more under Sir William Parker . The Spanish admiral, José de Córdoba , had taken his ships into the Atlantic to weather a storm and was making his way to Cadiz when the two fleets caught sight of each other at dawn on 14 February 1797. The British fleet had fifteen line-of-battle ships against the twenty-four Spanish ships. On

1927-627: Was promoted Vice-Admiral of the Blue and was appointed as Commander-in-Chief, Leeward Islands . Jervis took with him an army that, combined with the navy, formed a joint military expedition. The goal of the expedition was to capture French colonies and thereby weaken France's international trade. The army commander was Sir Charles Grey , a friend and political ally. Jervis hoisted his flag in HMS ; Boyne . He took Grey's son, Captain George Grey , as his flag-captain . The combined forces captured

John Jervis - Misplaced Pages Continue

1974-558: Was promoted to be fourth lieutenant of the 90-gun Prince under Captain Charles Saunders in the Mediterranean . When the captain was promoted to admiral, Jervis was assigned as one of his officers aboard the 74-gun Culloden in November 1756. By that time the Seven Years' War between Great Britain and France had begun. In January 1757 Jervis was promoted to temporary command of HMS Experiment after her captain

2021-455: Was restored by a new owner and was reopened on 14 February 1997, the bicentenary of the Battle of Cape St Vincent. At some point it was acquired by Craig Johnson, who undertook a number of developments, including addition of a leisure suite. In April 2008 Johnson was one of 21 people to be jailed in connection with a £138   million VAT carousel fraud , with the defendants sentenced to

2068-583: Was returned as MP alongside the Earl Wycombe . With his interest in politics wavering he spoke rarely and then almost exclusively on naval matters. In 1792 Jervis proposed a scheme to alleviate the financial hardship of superannuated seamen. He later withdrew the proposal as Viscount Melville promised that the matter would be addressed by the Admiralty Board. In 1794 he resigned his seat and did not stand again for political office. Jervis

2115-474: Was surveyed by the dockyard and found unfit for service. He was therefore appointed instead to command of HMS Foudroyant , the ship he had brought to England as a prize seventeen years earlier. For the first few years of the war, the French supplied arms, funding, and military advice on an informal and limited basis to the newly emerging nation of America. With the signing of the Treaty of Alliance in 1778 and

2162-543: Was with Admiral Rodney when the British fleet relieved Gibraltar . In 1781 he was with Admiral George Darby at the second relief of Gibraltar. On 19 April 1782 Jervis was with his old friend and travelling companion when a ship in Admiral Barrington's squadron sighted a French convoy leaving Brest. The squadron gave chase and Foudroyant caught and engaged the French 74-gun Pégase . After an engagement of more than an hour Pégase struck. Jervis himself

2209-463: Was wounded in the attack. For his services he was invested as a Knight of the Bath on 19 May 1782. He was again at the relief of Gibraltar with Earl Howe 's fleet in 1782 and took part in the indecisive Battle of Cape Spartel . Jervis was promoted commodore and hoisted his broad pennant in the 50-gun HMS  Salisbury in December 1782, with orders to proceed to the West Indies. Due to

#360639