59-475: The Jawahar Sagar Dam is the third dam in the series of Chambal Valley Projects on the Chambal River , located 29 km upstream of Kota city and 26 km downstream of Rana Pratap Sagar dam . It is a concrete gravity dam, 45 meters high and 393 meters long, generating 60 MW of power with an installed capacity of 3 units of 33 MW. Its construction was completed in 1972. The dam's gross storage capacity
118-470: A headworks discharge capacity of 188 and 42 m /s, respectively. The total length of the main canals, branches and distribution system is about 2,342 km, serving an area of 2,290 km of CCA. The Barrage operates 18 gates to control flow of flood and canal water downstream, and serves as bridge between parts of Kota on both side of the river. The ancient name of the Chambal was Charmanvati , meaning
177-605: A hydroelectric power generation capacity of 99 MW, with three generator units of 33 MW capacity each. This project was commissioned in 1972. Chambal River The Chambal River is a tributary of the Yamuna River in Central and Northern India , and thus forms part of the drainage system of the Ganges . The river flows north-northeast through Madhya Pradesh , running for a brief time through Rajasthan , then forming
236-676: A large storage capacity despite its comparatively low height. For the next 48 km, the river flows through the Kundal Plateau, and the Rana Pratap Sagar Dam is constructed at the lower end of this. The topography permits fairly good storage upstream of the dam. Further down, the Jawahar Sagar Dam is located in the middle of the Kota gorge. The Kota Barrage is located near Kota town, where the river emerges from
295-404: A maximum of 40 °C (104 °F) to a minimum of 2 °C (36 °F), and with the relative humidity lying between 30 and 90% during the year. The nearest railway station is at Kota, which is at a road distance of 59 kilometres (37 mi), from the dam. An integrated development planning was launched in 1953, envisaging development of the irrigation and hydropower potential (386 MW from
354-439: A northerly direction through Madhya Pradesh (M.P.) for about 376 kilometres (234 mi) and then in a generally north-easterly direction for 249 kilometres (155 mi) through Rajasthan . The Chambal flows for another 216 kilometres (134 mi) between M.P. and Rajasthan and a further 150 kilometres (93 mi) between M.P. and Uttar Pradesh (U.P.). It enters U.P. and flows for about 33 kilometres (21 mi) before joining
413-733: A terminal structure of the Kota Barrage (28 kilometres (17 mi) further downstream) in Rajasthan for irrigation. The direct benefit from the dam is hydropower generation of 172 MW (with four units of 43 MW capacity each) at the dam toe powerhouse adjoining the spillway, with releases received from the Gandhi Sagar Dam and the additional storage created at the dam by the intercepted catchment area. The estimated generation potential of 473.0 GWh of generation has been exceeded in most years since its commissioning. The power station
472-724: A time through Rajasthan , then forms the boundary between Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh before turning southeast to join the Yamuna River in Uttar Pradesh state. Its total length from source up to the confluence with the Yamuna River near Etawah at elevation (122 metres (400 ft) is 900 kilometres (560 mi). It flows in a north–south direction for about (360 kilometres (220 mi) in Madhya Pradesh and then enters Rajasthan at Chaurasigarh about 96 kilometres (60 mi) south east from Kota and eventually joins
531-619: Is 2,280 km (880 sq mi). The Chambal River (known in ancient times as the Charmavati River ), a perennial river, which is first tapped at the Gandhi Sagar dam as part of its cascade development, raises in the Vindhya Range of hills at an elevation of 853 metres (2,799 ft), south of Mhow (15 kilometres (9.3 mi) west-southwest of Mhow). It flows north-northeast through Madhya Pradesh , runs for
590-509: Is 24,864 km , of which only 956 km are in Rajasthan. The free catchment area below Gandhi Sagar dam is 2,280 km . The live storage capacity is 1,566 MCM. The Jawahar Sagar Dam is the third dam in the series of Chambal Valley Projects, located 29 km upstream of Kota city and 26 km downstream of Rana Pratap Sagar dam. It is a concrete gravity dam, 45 meter high and 393 m long, generating 60 MW of power with an installed capacity of 3 units of 33 MW. The work
649-599: Is 67.07 million cubic meters (2.37 tmcft). The total catchment area of the dam is 27,195 km, of which only 1,496 km are in Rajasthan. The free catchment area below Rana Pratap Sagar dam is 2,331 km. The dam is located after the Gandhi Sagar Dam and Rana Pratap Sagar Dam, but before the Kota Barrage . The Chambal River (known in ancient times as the Chamranyavati River) raises in
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#1732780175826708-671: Is a gravity masonry dam of 53.8 metres (177 ft) height built on the Chambal River at Rawatbhata in Rajasthan in India . It is part of integrated scheme of a cascade development of the river involving four projects starting with the Gandhi Sagar Dam in the upstream reach (48 kilometres (30 mi) upstream) in Madhya Pradesh and the Jawahar Sagar Dam on the downstream (28 kilometres (17 mi) downstream) with
767-522: Is a rainfed catchment with a total drained area up to its confluence with the Yamuna of 144,591 square kilometres (55,827 sq mi). The drainage area resembles a rectangle up to the junction of the Parvathi and Banas Rivers with the Chambal flowing along its major axis. The Chambal Basin lies between latitudes 22° 27' N and 27° 20' N and longitudes 73° 20' E and 79° 15' E. On its south, east and west,
826-574: Is completely absent, with only sparse ground-cover along the severely eroded river banks and adjacent ravine lands. The semiarid tract in Madhya Pradesh is represented by Chambal catchment extending up to Narmda and Betla Rivers. Over 1000 flowering plants have bean reported including Anogeissus latifoia, A. pendula, Tectona grandis, Lannea coromandelica, Diospyros melanoxylon, Sterculia urens, Mitragyna parviflora, Butea monosperma, Emblica officinalls, Boswellia serrata, Bridelia squamosa and Hardwickia binata . Species composition at shrub and ground layer
885-440: Is diverted by Kota Barrage for irrigation in Rajasthan and in Madhya Pradesh through canals on the left and the right sides of the river. The work on this dam was completed in 1960. The total catchment area of Kota Barrage is 27,332 km , of which the free catchment area below Jawahar Sagar Dam is just 137 km . The live storage is 99 MCM. It is an earthfill dam with a concrete spillway. The right and left main canals have
944-511: Is located on the left side of the spillway and consists of 4 units of 43 MW each, with firm power generation of 90 MW at 60% load factor. The stored water from the reservoir including the water discharged from the powerhouse of the upper reservoir (The Gandhi Sagar Reservoir) is utilized for power generation over an operating head range of 189 ft (58 m) (maximum) to 152 ft (46 m) (minimum). The water conductor system consists of penstock pipes (of 20 ft (6.1 m) diameter) from
1003-510: Is mainly drained by it. The Chambal rising within about 16 km of the Narmada river, appears as a consequent on the Mesozoic surface, superimposed on the scarps, and cuts straight through them, with subsequent tributaries on the softer shales. The River Chambal and its tributaries Kali Sindh and Parbati have formed a triangular alluvial basin, about 200–270 metres (660–890 ft) above
1062-1257: Is similar to that of semiarid regions of Gujarat. A few climbers of this area include species of Rhynchosia, Atylosia, Cocculus, Cissampelos, Ipomoea, Pergularia daemia, Pueraria tuberosa and Tinospora cordifolia . Thorny bushes or small trees commonly found in this area include Capparis deciduas, Capparis sepiaria, Balanites aegyptiaca, Acacia senegal, A. nilotica, A. leucophloea, Prosopis juliflora, Butea monosperma, Maytenus emarginata, Tamarix sp., Salvadora persica, S. oleoides, Crotalaria medicaginea, C. burhia, Clerodendrum phlomidis, Calotropis procera, Xanthium indicum and Leptadenia pyrotechnica associated with climbers such as Maerua oblongifolia, Pergularia daemia, Ceropegia bulbosa , herbs e.g., Argemone mexicana, Farsetia hamiltonii, Tephrosia purpurea, Cleome viscosa, Tribulus terrestris, Glinus lotoides, Sericostoma pauciflorum, Rivea sp., Ipomoea sp., Pedalium murex, Sesamum mulayanum, Lepidagathis sp, Boerhavia diffusa, Chrozophora sp. , and grasses like Cyprus sp., Fimbristylis sp., Brachiaria sp., Cenchrus sp., Dichanthium sp. , etc. The National Chambal Sanctuary lies between 24°55' to 26°50' N and 75°34' to 79°18'E in Dholpur . It consists of
1121-662: Is used for irrigation through Kota Barrage. The Rana Pratap Sagar dam is a dam located 52 km downstream of Gandhi Sagar dam on across the Chambal River near Rawatbhata in Chittorgarh district in Rajasthan. It was completed in the year 1970 and it is the second in the series of Chambal Valley Projects. It is 54 meters high. The power house is located on the left side of the spillway and consists of 4 units of 43 MW each, with firm power generation of 90 MW at 60% load factor. The total catchment area of this dam
1180-605: The Colombo Plan to import the equipment from Canada. At a formal inauguration held on 9 February 1970, the project was dedicated to the nation. The power plant was transferred to the Rajasthan State Electricity Board now renamed as Rajasthan Rajya Vidyut Utpadan Nigam Limited. According to energy generation statistics reported for the period 1968–2008, the average generation was 480.6 GWh against originally planned generation of 473 GWh. Along with
1239-439: The Vindhya Range at an elevation of 853 metres (2,799 ft), 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) west-southwest of the town of Mhow , near Indore . It flows north-northeast through Madhya Pradesh , runs for a time through Rajasthan , then forms the boundary between Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh before turning southeast to join the Yamuna River in the state of Uttar Pradesh . Its total length from its source to its confluence with
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#17327801758261298-488: The Yamuna River in Jalaun District at an elevation of 123 metres (404 ft), to form a part of the greater Gangetic drainage system. From its source down to its junction with the Yamuna, the Chambal has a fall of about 747.25 metres (2,451.6 ft). Of this, around 305 metres (1,001 ft) is within the first 26 kilometres (16 mi) reach from its source. It falls for another 195 metres (640 ft) in
1357-407: The Yamuna River in Uttar Pradesh near Etawah. The river reach of 96 kilometres (60 mi) from 344 kilometres (214 mi) to 440 kilometres (270 mi) from its source is a deep gorge section and further downstream there are plains. The Gandhi Sagar Dam is located in the middle reach of the gorge section of the river and affords good storage facility. For the next (48 kilometres (30 mi),
1416-685: The Chambal River to the southeast of the Mewar Plains. It occurs with the Malwa plateau in the east. Physiographically, it can be divided into Vindhyan scarp land and Deccan Lava (Malwa) plateau. According to Heron (1953), the eastern pediplain, occurring between the Vindhyan plateau and the Aravalli hill range , contains a thin veneer of Quaternary sediments, reworked soil and river channel fills. At least two erosional surfaces can be recognised within
1475-409: The Chambal river valley is part of the Vindhyan system which consists of massive sandstone, slate and limestone, of perhaps pre-Cambrian age, resting on the surface of older rocks. Hillocks and plateaus represent the major landforms of the Chambal valley. The Chambal basin is characterised by an undulating floodplain, gullies and ravines. The Hadauti plateau in Rajasthan occurs in the upper catchment of
1534-674: The Gandhi Sagar Dam is located in the middle reach of this gorge section. The dam is situated at a distance of 168 kilometres (104 mi) from the district administrative headquarters of Mandsaur . The Chambal River Valley Development marked one of the landmark actions of the First Five-Year Plan launched by the Government of India in 1951, after India attained independence in August 1947 . The Chambal River had not until then been used for any major developmental works, and
1593-548: The Gandhi Sagar at Rawatbhata in the Chittorgarh District of Rajasthan. Additional storage at this dam provides an increase in irrigation benefits from the Kota Barrage, increasing its area of irrigation from 445,000 hectares (1,100,000 acres) to 567,000 hectares (1,400,000 acres). In addition, a powerhouse at the toe of the dam provides an additional hydroelectric power generation capacity of 172 MW from four turbo generators, of 43 MW capacity each. The second stage
1652-521: The Gandhi Sagar dam provides the stored waters for utilization at this dam. The Rana Pratap Sagar Dam is a straight masonry gravity structure of 53.8 m (177 ft) height with a length of 1,143 m (3,750 ft). The reservoir stretch is -km and its surface area at the Full Reservoir Level is 198.29 km (76.56 sq mi). The dam has created a storage capacity (Gross Storage) of 2,898,000,000 cubic metres out of which
1711-413: The Kota Barrage in Rajasthan, 104 kilometres (65 mi) downstream of the dam. Power generation at Gandhi Sagar Dam was through a powerhouse at the toe of the dam, with a total installed capacity of 115 MW (divided into five units of 23 MW). The Kota Barrage, an earth and masonry structure 37.34 metres (122.5 ft) in height, was built to provide irrigation through a canal system, with two main canals on
1770-409: The Kota barrage from Stage I potential of 445,000 hectares (1,100,000 acres) to 567,000 hectares (1,400,000 acres). The main benefit at this dam envisaged power generation at a dam toe powerhouse with installation of power plants of 172 MW capacity with four turbo generators of 43 MW capacity each. The project was completed in 1970. The power generated at this dam is shared equally with Madhya Pradesh, as
1829-463: The Rajasthan portion was gazetted in the Government of Rajasthan Notice No.F.11(12)Rev.8/78 dated 7 December 1979. In a stretch of 96 km, from km 344 to km 440 from its source, the Chambal flows through a deep gorge, while lower down, there are wide plains. The Gandhisagar Dam is located near the center of this reach. As there is a deep gorge immediately upstream of the dam, the reservoir has
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1888-700: The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. Since such a declaration is carried out by individual states for territory falling within their jurisdiction, there are three separate notifications covering the National Chambal Sanctuary - the Madhya Pradesh portion was gazetted in the Government of Madhya Pradesh Notice No. F.15/5/77-10(2) dated 20 December 1978, the Uttar Pradesh portion was gazetted in the Government of Uttar Pradesh Notice No. 7835/XIV-3-103-78 dated 29 January 1979 and
1947-574: The Yamuna River is 900 kilometres (560 mi). The Chambal and its tributaries drain the Malwa region of northwestern Madhya Pradesh, while its tributary, the Banas , which rises in the Aravalli Range , drains southeastern Rajasthan . At its confluence with the Yamuna, the Chambal joins four other rivers – the Yamuna, Kwari , Sind , and Pahuj – at Pachnada near Bhareh in Uttar Pradesh, at
2006-564: The basin is bounded by the Vindhyan mountain ranges and on the north-west by the Aravallis . Below the confluence of the Parvathi and Banas, the catchment becomes narrower and elongated. In this reach, it is bounded by the Aravalli mountain ranges on the North and the Vindhyan hill range on the south. The Vindhyan scarps, in the northwest, flank the left bank of the Chambal, and subsequently,
2065-477: The border of the Bhind and Etawah districts. The river is drained by a rain-fed catchment area with an average annual rainfall of 860 millimetres (34 in), a temperature range of between 2 °C (36 °F) and 40 °C (104 °F), and a relative humidity ranging from 30% to 90%. Between 344 kilometres (214 mi) and 440 kilometres (270 mi) from the Chambal's source is an area of deep gorges ;
2124-479: The boundary between Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh before turning southeast to join the Yamuna in Uttar Pradesh state. It is a legendary river and finds mention in ancient Hindu scriptures. The Hindu epic Mahabharata refers to the Chambal river as Charmanyavati: originating from the blood of thousands of cows sacrificed by the King Rantideva . During the vedic era , the ancient name of Chambal river
2183-475: The dam to feed the four power plants (turbo-generators) and a tailrace tunnel of 1,450 m (4,760 ft) length and diameter 12 m (39 ft), to lead the water back to the Chambal River. Rajasthan State has a 50% share in the power generation of this station. The project was built at a cost of Rs 4065 million including the Power plant which involved a cost of Rs 1474 million. Funds were provided under
2242-413: The exit of the river from its gorge section into the plains of Rajasthan, was seen as having great hydroelectric potential. The first stage of the development involved construction of the Gandhi Sagar Dam to a height of a 62.17 metres (204.0 ft) as a storage dam to store 7,322,000,000 cubic metres in Madhya Pradesh and use the stored water for hydroelectric power generation, followed by irrigation from
2301-530: The four dams built on the Chambal River, located on the Rajasthan-Madhya Pradesh border. It is a 64 metre high masonry gravity dam, with a live storage capacity of 6,920 MCM ( million cubic metres ) and a catchment area of 22,584 km , of which only 1,537 km is in Rajasthan. The dam was completed in the year 1960. The hydro-power station comprises five generating units of 23 MW capacity each. The water released after power generation
2360-409: The gorge section into the plateau. The total area draining the Kota Barrage is 27,319 km . The Chambal River is used for hydropower generation at Gandhi Sagar dam , Rana Pratap Sagar dam and Jawahar Sagar Dam and for annual irrigation of 5668.01 square kilometres in the commands of the right main canal and the left main canal of the Kota Barrage . The Gandhi Sagar dam is the first of
2419-486: The hydropower potential of the river to harness the drop of 625 metres (2,051 ft) available in the Chambal River from its source in Mhow in Madhya Pradesh up to the Kota city, which marks the exit of the river from its gorge section into the plains in Rajasthan. While the first stage involved construction of the Gandhi Sagar Dam for creation of storage of 7,322,000,000 cubic metres and power generation and utilization of
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2478-494: The large arc described by the Chambal between Jawahar Sagar Dam in Rajasthan and the Chambal-Yamuna confluence in Uttar Pradesh. Over this arc, two stretches of the Chambal are protected as the National Chambal Sanctuary status - the upper sector, extending from Jawahar Sagar Dam to Kota Barrage, and the lower sector, extending from Keshoraipatan in Rajasthan to the Chambal-Yamuna confluence in Uttar Pradesh. The sanctuary
2537-496: The narrow trough of the lower Chambal in Kota . It is a typical anterior-drainage pattern river, being much older than the rivers Yamuna and Ganges, into which it eventually flows. The tributaries of the Chambal include Shipra , Choti Kalisindh, Shivna , Retam, Ansar, Kalisindh, Banas, Parbati, Seep, Kuwari, Kuno, Alnia, Mej, Chakan, Parwati, Chamla, Gambhir, Lakhunder, Khan, Bangeri, Kedel and Teelar. According to Crawford (1969),
2596-642: The next 312 kilometres (194 mi), where it enters the gorge past the Chaurasigarh Fort. During the next 157 kilometres (98 mi) of its run from the Chaurasigarh Fort to Kota city, the bed falls by another 91 metres (299 ft). For the rest of its 529 kilometres (329 mi) run, the river passes through the flat terrain of the Malwa Plateau and later the Gangetic Plain with an average gradient of 0.21 m/km. The Chambal
2655-570: The pediplain are the Tertiary age. The Vindhyan upland, the adjoining Chambal valley and the Indo-Gangetic alluvial tract (older alluvium) are of Pleistocene to Sub-recent age. Badland topography is a characteristic feature of the Chambal valley, whereas kankar has extensively developed in the older alluvium. The area lies within the semi-arid zone of north-western India at the border of Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh States, and
2714-423: The right and left banks. Construction of both projects began in 1953–54; both began functioning in 1960. The water received at the Kota Barrage is shared equally between Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan for irrigation. The second stage of development involved the use of the water released from the Gandhi Sagar Dam through another dam structure, the Rana Pratap Sagar Dam , located 48 kilometres (30 mi) downstream of
2773-507: The river flows through the Kundal Plateau, and the Rana Pratap Sagar Dam is constructed at the lower end of this reach, about (1.6 kilometres (0.99 mi) upstream of Chulia Falls. Here again, the topography permits fairly good storage upstream of the dam. The river is drained by a rainfed catchment with major part of the catchment receiving an average rainfall of 860 millimetres (34 in), with temperature variation from
2832-559: The river on whose banks leather is dried. In due course of time, this river became famous as the river of ‘charman’ (skin) and was named as Charmanvati . The epic Sanskrit narrative the Mahabharata , refers to the Chambal river as the Charmanyavati : originating from the blood of thousands of animals sacrificed by the King Rantideva . Charmanwati was the southern boundary of Panchala Kingdom . King Drupada ruled
2891-667: The southern Panchalas up to the bank of the Charmanwati river. According to folklore the Chambal area was part of Shakuni 's kingdom and the dice-game played thereabouts. After the attempted disrobing of Draupadi (the daughter of Drupada) she cursed anyone who would drink the water of the Charmanwati river. Thus it is believed that due to the curse by Draupadi, have helped the Chambal to survive unpolluted by man, and its many animal inhabitants to thrive relatively untouched. The Chambal remains one of India's most pristine rivers. Rana Pratap Sagar Dam The Rana Pratap Sagar Dam
2950-486: The stored waters for irrigation from the Kota Barrage in Rajasthan was initiated in 1953–54, the second stage development involved utilization of the water released from the Gandhi Sagar Dam through a second dam structure (48 kilometres (30 mi), downstream at Rawatbhata in Chittorgarh District of Rajasthan envisaging additional storage from the intermediate catchment below Gandhi Sagar Dam. Additional storage at this dam also envisaged increase of irrigation benefits from
3009-502: The three power stations) as part of the Chambal River Valley Development . This planning was done during the First Five-Year Plan, 1951–1956 launched by the Government of India , after India attained independence in August 1947 ; the Chambal River with annual flow of 3,400,000 acre-feet (4.2 km ) had till then remained untapped from any major developmental works. ) The planning involved utilization of
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#17327801758263068-418: The utilizable storage (Live Storage) is 1,566,520,000 cubic metres. The dam is designed to pass a designed flood discharge of 18,408.00 m /s through a spillway structure which is provided with 17 crest gates of 18.3 mx8.53m size above the spillway crest for the purpose. In addition, sluice gates have also been provided in the body of the dam at lower levels to remove silt deposited in the dam. The power house
3127-489: The vegetation consists of ravine, thorn forest, a sub-type of the Northern Tropical Forests (Sub-group 6B/C2 of the revised classification of Champion & Seth, 1968). This sub-type typically occurs in less arid areas with 600–700 mm rainfall. Limited examples of Saline/Alkaline Babul Savannah (5E/8 b ), a type of Northern Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest, also occurs. Evergreen riparian vegetation
3186-780: Was Charmanvati , meaning the river on whose banks leather is dried. In due course of time, this river became famous as the river of ‘charman’ (skin) and was named as Charmanvati . The 1,024 kilometres (636 mi) long Chambal River originates from the Bhadakla Falls in Janapav Hills on the northern slopes of the Vindhyan escarpment near Mandav , 67.5 kilometres (41.9 mi) South-West of Mhow in Indore District, Madhya Pradesh state, at an elevation of about 843 metres (2,766 ft). The river flows first in
3245-512: Was completed in 1970. The power generated at the Rana Pratap Sagar Dam is shared equally with Madhya Pradesh, as the Gandhi Sagar Dam provides the stored waters for use at this dam. The third and final stage of development envisaged an intermediate dam between the Rana Pratap Sagar Dam and the Kota Barrage, called the Jawahar Sagar Dam. This dam is a concrete gravity dam, 45 metres (148 ft) high, located approximately 23 kilometres (14 mi) upstream of Kota Barrage to its southwest, and provides
3304-443: Was completed in 1972. The total catchment area of the dam is 27,195 km , of which only 1,496 km are in Rajasthan. The free catchment area below Rana Pratap Sagar dam is 2,331 km . The Kota Barrage is the fourth in the series of Chambal Valley Projects, located about 0.8 km upstream of Kota City in Rajasthan. Water released after power generation at Gandhi Sagar dam, Rana Pratap Sagar dam and Jawahar Sagar Dams,
3363-504: Was gazetted 'in order to facilitate the restoration to "ecological health" of a major north Indian river system and provide full protection for the gravely endangered gharial ( Gavialis gangeticus ). Administrative approval of the Government of India for the establishment of the National Chambal Sanctuary was conveyed in Order No. 17-74/77-FRY (WL) dated 30 September 1978. The Sanctuary has sanctuary status declared under Section 18(1) of
3422-488: Was officially declared open on 9 February 1970 by Indira Gandhi , the then Prime Minister of India . The dam and power plant are named after the warrior Maharaja Rana Pratap of Rajasthan. The dam is located on the Chambal River near Rawatbhata in Rajasthan. The dam drains a total catchment area of 24,864 km (9,600 sq mi), of which only 956 km (369 sq mi) are in Rajasthan. The free catchment intercepted at this dam site, below Gandhi Sagar Dam,
3481-475: Was proposed to be developed under a joint initiative of the state governments of Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. The three-stage proposal, drawn up in 1953, called for three dams to provide hydroelectric power generation, and a downstream barrage to use stored waters released from the upstream dams for irrigation . The river's drop of 625 metres (2,051 ft) between its source in Mhow and the city of Kota, which marks
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