The Jewish National Council ( JNC ; Hebrew : ועד לאומי , Va'ad Le'umi ), also known as the Jewish People's Council was the main national executive organ of the Assembly of Representatives of the Jewish community ( Yishuv ) within Mandatory Palestine . Its responsibilities included education, culture, local government, welfare, healthcare, religious service, security and defense. Since 1928 it was also the official representative of the Yishuv to the British Mandate government. Established in 1920, it operated until 1948, when its functions were passed to the newly-established state of Israel .
14-681: The JNC, established in 1920 in order to conduct Jewish communal affairs, was created along with the Assembly of Representatives , whose members selected from among themselves the members of the National Council. The first Assembly consisted of 314 elected Representatives. The first chairman of the JNC was Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook . The Histadrut and the Haganah were also founded in 1920. Jewish communal affairs were generally conducted through
28-546: A hierarchy of representative organizations, including the JNC. The members of the JNC also participated in meetings of the Zionist General Council. The organization represented almost all major Jewish factions, however a few smaller groups at first objected to the creation of centralized leadership. Notably, Agudat Israel joined only in 1935. It was announce only in 1946 that the Sephardic Jews and
42-487: A network of political and administrative institutions, among them the Assembly of Representatives. To ensure that small groups were properly represented, a system of proportional representation was introduced. The first elections were held on 19 April 1920, and the largest faction, Ahdut HaAvoda , won only 70 of the Assembly's 314 seats. The ultra-orthodox community and the ultra-orthodox Agudat Yisrael party boycotted
56-567: The Provisional State Council (held by Herzl Rosenblum , Zvi Segal and Ben-Zion Sternberg ). However, the founding of Herut by Menachem Begin in the same year undermined its success. Although some purists alleged that Begin was out to steal Jabotinsky's mantle and refused to defect from the party, under the leadership of Aryeh Altman , Hatzohar won less than 1% of the vote in Israel's first elections and failed to cross
70-661: The State of Israel was established in 1948, this departmental structure served as a basis for the government ministries. On March 2, 1948, the New Jewish Council: " begins work on organization of Jewish provisional government" On May 14, 1948, (the expiration day of the British Mandate), its members gathered at the Tel Aviv Museum of Art and ratified the proclamation declaring the establishment of
84-607: The Assembly elections due to their objections to secular Zionism. The second elections were held in 1925, and following the passing of the Religious Communities Organisation Ordinance in 1926, the Assembly was recognised by the British authorities in 1928. Further elections were held in 1931 and 1944. In the latter elections, some groups, especially the Sephardic Jews, boycotted the elections and were not represented. From 1944 onwards
98-656: The Assembly was also boycotted by Hatzohar due to disagreements with the elected leaders over policy. Hatzohar Defunct Defunct Hatzohar ( Hebrew : הצה"ר ), full name Brit HaTzionim HaRevizionistim (lit. "Alliance of Revisionist Zionists"), was a Revisionist Zionist organization and political party in Mandatory Palestine and newly independent Israel . Hatzohar was founded by Ze'ev Jabotinsky and others in Paris in April 1925. It followed
112-588: The British forces during World War II . In the 1940s, departments for physical training, culture and press and information were added. The report of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry issued in 1946, stated: "The Jews have developed, under the aegis of the Jewish Agency and the JNC, a strong and tightly-woven community. There thus exists a virtual Jewish nonterritorial State with its own executive and legislative organs..." When
126-527: The State of Israel . The members of the JNC formed the provisional government of the nascent State of Israel. Assembly of Representatives (Mandatory Palestine) The Assembly of Representatives ( Hebrew : אספת הנבחרים , Asefat HaNivharim ) was the elected parliamentary assembly of the Jewish community in Mandatory Palestine . It was established on 19 April 1920, and functioned until 13 February 1949,
140-591: The Zionist Revisionists, would stop refusing to participate in the JNC. The Political Department of the JNC was responsible for relations with the Arabs, ties with the Jewish Agency and negotiations with the British government. As the yishuv grew, the JNC adopted more functions, such as education, health care and welfare services, internal defense and security matters, and organized recruitment to
154-497: The daily HaMashkif . The party had briefly also been associated with Doar HaYom . Polish members of the organisation were, among other things, instrumental in creating Żydowski Związek Wojskowy , one of two Jewish organisations that organised the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising . At the time of Israel's independence in 1948, Hatzohar was the largest right-wing organization in the country, and had three seats in
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#1732772311618168-758: The day before the first Knesset , elected on 25 January, was sworn in. The Assembly met once a year to elect the executive body, the Jewish National Council , which was responsible for education, local government, welfare, security and defense. It also voted on the budgets proposed by the Jewish National Council and the Rabbinical Council. Under the British Mandate, the Yishuv (Jewish community), established
182-675: The demands by these Zionists for a revision of the Zionist Organization 's policies and its leadership under Chaim Weizmann , as well as the elected Jewish leadership in Palestine. They saw these policies as appeasement of British Government decisions in Mandatory Palestine. The party began publishing Hazit HaAm in 1931, but it was shut down by the British authorities after a few months. They went on to establish HaYarden [ he ] , and in 1938
196-757: The establishment of Jabotinsky's revisionist youth movement Betar in 1923. The initial nucleus of the movement consisted of a group of Russian Zionists who had supported Jabotinsky in establishing the Jewish Legion during World War I . The photo of the First World Conference in Paris in 1925 shows 22 founding members. Aside from Jabotinsky, they included: M. Berchin-Benedictoff, Isidore Frankel, Meir Grossman, A. Ginsbourg, Aron Propes [ he ] , Jacques Segal, Albert Stara, Ze'ev (Vladimir) Tiomkin , Zinovy Tiomkin, Israel Trivus, and Yehoshua Yeivin. The name of 'revisionist' stems from
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