102-520: Gerald Norman Springer (February 13, 1944 – April 27, 2023) was an American broadcaster, journalist, actor, lawyer, and politician. He was best known for hosting the controversial tabloid talk show Jerry Springer from 1991 to 2018. Springer was noted as a pioneer in the emergence of " trash TV "; his eponymous show was a "commercial smash and certifiable cultural phenomenon" in the 1990s. Born in London during World War II to Jewish refugees escaping
204-555: A speech in Indianapolis, saying: What we need in the United States is not division; what we need in the United States is not hatred; what we need in the United States is not violence and lawlessness, but is love, and wisdom, and compassion toward one another, and a feeling of justice toward those who still suffer within our country, whether they be white or whether they be black. ... let us dedicate ourselves to what
306-576: A "cheap bid for attention". The items and Kennedy's clothing were removed from the exhibit, with the LAPD apologizing to the Kennedy family. The Robert F. Kennedy Assassination Archives of the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth contains a large collection of materials on the assassination. In 2006, American filmmaker Emilio Estevez wrote and directed the film Bobby . He attempted to recreate
408-720: A "de-facto Chief of Staff, Presidential Agent and Intermediary for his brother" and was an "indispensable partner" in its successful resolution. In November 1963, President Kennedy was assassinated , and Robert was deeply affected by it. Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson assumed the presidency and retained almost all prominent Kennedy advisors, including Robert as attorney general. In 1964, polls showed that various Democrats wanted Kennedy to be Johnson's running mate in that year's presidential election . Kennedy instead organized his senatorial campaign in New York , challenging Kenneth Keating , an incumbent Republican senator. During
510-488: A 2023 episode of Club Random , Kennedy Jr. asserted that Sirhan was not the shooter who killed his father. Kennedy Jr. named Eugene Thane Cesar —a security guard at the time—as the man who fired four shots from behind, one of which killed Kennedy: "Sirhan was a distractor, and the real shooter was behind my father". Kennedy Jr. further cited the Noguchi autopsy which noted that his father suffered four contact wounds from
612-476: A Bachelor of Arts from Tulane University in 1965, majoring in political science . He earned a Juris Doctor from Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law in 1968. Springer worked as a political campaign adviser to Democrat Robert F. Kennedy in 1968. Following Kennedy's assassination , he began practicing law at the Cincinnati law firm of Frost & Jacobs, now Frost Brown Todd . Springer
714-782: A Fish." The song hit number one of the country charts in July 2002 and won CMA Video of the Year three months later. In 2004, he played the US president in The Defender , directed by Dolph Lundgren . In June 2012, he appeared in Chicago at the Cambridge Theatre London as Billy Flynn for a short period of time, starring alongside Aoife Mulholland and Leigh Zimmerman . He had a cameo appearance as himself in episode 2 of
816-468: A Springer-like show. The same year, Springer also released an unrelated autobiography named Ringmaster . He quipped, "I can only think of one title a year." Four years later, Springer appeared in Brad Paisley 's " I'm Gonna Miss Her (The Fishin' Song) " where the host is trying to stop a fight between men who like to fish and the wives who do not. Springer's section was titled "My Husband Left Me for
918-578: A U.S. senator from Minnesota, then emerged as the leader of the "Dump Johnson" movement and entered several state presidential primaries. In late January 1968, the Tet Offensive in Vietnam , in the view of historian Lloyd Gardner , "shattered hopes that the war could be won within a reasonable period of time—if ever—and broke open the cracks in the Democratic coalition". On March 12, 1968, in
1020-737: A broadcast catchphrase in the model of other great newsmen. With the help of some others at WLWT, he created his signature line: "Take care of yourself, and each other." Within two years he was Cincinnati's number-one news anchor, along with partner Norma Rashid. For five years, he was the most popular news anchor in the city, garnering ten local Emmy Awards for his nightly commentaries, which were frequently satirized by Cincinnati radio personality Gary Burbank . Those commentaries would eventually become his "Final Thought" on Jerry Springer . Springer would remain commentator at WLWT until January 1993. He resided in Loveland, Ohio , during this time. In 1997,
1122-534: A campaign speech, Kennedy declared his support for Israel, stating that in the event of an attack, "we will stand by Israel and come to her assistance". He won the election; during his congressional career, he supported civil rights and opposed Johnson's policies regarding the Vietnam War . The 1968 presidential campaign has been referred to as one of the most volatile campaigns in American history. There
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#17327931997401224-598: A court brief in District Court in Los Angeles, claiming that a second gunman fired the shots that killed Kennedy. It was the fourth in a series of federal briefs filed under habeas corpus by Pepper and Dusek, beginning in October 2010. In 2015, Judge Beverly Reid O'Connell denied the petition. During Sirhan's 2016 parole hearing, Paul Schrade, who was shot and wounded on the assassination night, asserted that
1326-448: A kitchen hallway, he was mortally wounded by multiple shots fired by Sirhan. Kennedy died at Good Samaritan Hospital nearly 25 hours later. His body was buried at Arlington National Cemetery . Sirhan, a Palestinian who held strong anti-Zionist and pro-Palestinian beliefs, testified in 1969 that he killed Kennedy "with 20 years of malice aforethought"; he was convicted and sentenced to death. Due to People v. Anderson , his sentence
1428-599: A passageway narrowed by an ice machine and a steam table to the north. Kennedy turned to his left and shook hands with Juan Romero, just as Sirhan Sirhan stepped down from a low tray-stacker beside the ice machine, rushed past Uecker, and repeatedly fired an eight-shot .22 Long Rifle caliber Iver Johnson Cadet 55-A revolver at point-blank range. Kennedy fell to the floor; others, including writer George Plimpton and Grier, tried to disarm Sirhan, as he continued firing his gun in random directions. Five other people were wounded: William Weisel of ABC News , Paul Schrade of
1530-450: A politically oriented talk show, a longer version of Springer's commentaries. Guests on the show included Oliver North and Jesse Jackson , and topics included homelessness and gun politics . In early 1994, Springer and his new producer, Richard Dominick , revamped the show's format to garner higher ratings. The show became more successful as it became targeted toward tabloidish sensationalism . Guests were everyday people confronted on
1632-519: A second." Juan Romero Kennedy's assassination was one of the four major assassinations in the United States in the 1960s , the others being those of John F. Kennedy (1963), Malcolm X (1965), and Martin Luther King Jr. (1968). Some scholars view the assassination as one of the first major incidents of political violence in the United States stemming from the Arab–Israeli conflict in
1734-498: A significant turning point in the relations between celebrities and tabloid journalism, increasing the willingness of celebrities to sue for libel in the U.S., and somewhat dampening the recklessness of U.S. tabloids. Other celebrities have attempted to sue tabloid magazines for libel and slander including Phil McGraw in 2016 and Richard Simmons in 2017. Tabloids may pay for stories . Besides scoops meant to be headline stories, this can be used to censor stories damaging to
1836-452: A television stage by a spouse or family member's adultery, homosexuality, transsexuality, prostitution, transvestism , hate group membership, or other controversial situations. These confrontations were often promoted by scripted shouting or violence on stage. The show received substantial ratings and much attention. By 1998, it was beating The Oprah Winfrey Show in many cities, and was reaching around 8 million viewers. On July 10, 2002,
1938-409: Is becoming more and more of an unshakable obsession. RFK must die. RFK must be killed." Due to Sirhan being a non-citizen, it was illegal under California law for him to purchase firearms. He violated three California laws by possessing the pistol he used to kill Kennedy. Loren Coleman suggested that the date of the assassination is significant because it was the first anniversary of the start of
2040-573: The Chris Moyles Show in April 2009 and was a guest on The Andrew Marr Show o n May 31, 2009. He was interviewed by satirist Chris Morris in his surreal radio series Blue Jam (Series 2, Episode 6). On January 23, 2004, Springer was featured in an episode of This American Life titled "Leaving the Fold". In late 2006, Springer was a contestant on the third season of Dancing with
2142-793: The Daily Mirror , and the Daily Record . In the early 21st century, much of tabloid journalism and news production changed mediums to online formats. This change is to keep up with the era of digital media and allow for increased accessibility of readers. With a steady decline in paid newspapers , the gap has been filled by expected free daily articles, mostly in the tabloid format. Tabloid readers are often youths, and studies show that consumers of tabloids are on average less educated. It can often depict inaccurate news and misrepresent individuals and situations. Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy On June 5, 1968, Robert F. Kennedy
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#17327931997402244-809: The California State Archives in Sacramento, for permanent preservation. Kennedy's blood-stained shirt, tie, and jacket are in the possession of the Los Angeles County District Attorney . In 2010, controversy arose when Kennedy's clothing was transported to the California Homicide Investigators Association conference in Las Vegas, where they were included in a temporary public display. Max Kennedy called it
2346-804: The Miss Universe 2008 . He was also the guest host for WWE Raw on February 15, 2010, at Wells Fargo Arena in Des Moines, Iowa . Springer also hosted The Price Is Right Live! . From 2010 to 2015, Springer hosted a dating game show called Baggage , which aired on GSN . In July 2012, he hosted ''Price is Right Live!'' in Vancouver's Boulevard Casino . He hosted the show at Jack Cincinnati Casino in 2018. From January 2014, Springer hosted Investigation Discovery series Tabloid . He hosted The Adam Carolla Show on April 25, 2014, where he sat in for Adam Carolla . Springer guest hosted
2448-598: The Nazis and killed. His paternal grandmother died at Theresienstadt concentration camp in what is the Czech Republic . He wept openly when he learned of how they died. Tabloid journalism Tabloid journalism is a popular style of largely sensationalist journalism which takes its name from the tabloid newspaper format : a small-sized newspaper also known as half broadsheet . The size became associated with sensationalism, and tabloid journalism replaced
2550-471: The Netflix show Happy! . In 1996, he appeared on an episode of the ninth season of Roseanne and on The X-Files episode " The Post-Modern Prometheus ". In 1998, he voiced a cartoon version of himself in the "Starship Poopers" segment of The Simpsons Halloween episode, Treehouse of Horror IX . That same year, he appeared as himself on an episode of The Wayans Bros. . In 1999, he appeared in
2652-468: The Six-Day War between Israel and its Arab neighbors. When Sirhan was booked by police, they found in his pocket a newspaper article that discussed Kennedy's support for Israel; Sirhan later said that he began to hate Kennedy after learning of this support. Sirhan was convicted of Kennedy's murder in April 1969, and was sentenced to death. In 1972, the sentence was commuted to life in prison with
2754-788: The United Automobile Workers union, Democratic Party activist Elizabeth Evans, Ira Goldstein of the Continental News Service, and Kennedy campaign volunteer Irwin Stroll. A minute later, Sirhan wrestled free and grabbed the revolver again, but others grabbed him. Barry went to Kennedy and placed his jacket under Kennedy's head. As Kennedy lay wounded, Romero cradled his head and placed a rosary in his hand. Kennedy asked Romero, "Is everybody OK?"; Romero responded, "Yes, everybody's OK." Kennedy then turned away and said, "Everything's going to be OK." The moment
2856-536: The assassination of Malcolm X in 1965, and two months after the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. in 1968. Robert F. Kennedy was born in Brookline, Massachusetts , in 1925. In 1948, he visited Palestine and wrote six dispatches for The Boston Post . He dismissed the possibility of the Jewish state becoming communist as "fantastically absurd", and called it the "only stabilizing factor remaining in
2958-718: The supermarket checkout lines. In the 1960s, the National Enquirer began selling magazines in supermarkets as an alternative to newsstands. To help with their rapport with supermarkets and continue their franchise within them, they had offered to buy back unsold issues so newer, more up to date ones could be displayed. These tabloids—such as the Globe and the National Enquirer —often use aggressive tactics to sell their issues. Unlike regular tabloid-format newspapers, supermarket tabloids are distributed through
3060-803: The 21st century to more online platforms that seek to target and engage youth consumers with celebrity news and entertainment . Scandal sheets were the precursors to tabloid journalism. Around 1770, scandal sheets appeared in London, and in the United States as early as the 1840s. Reverend Henry Bate Dudley was the editor of one of the earliest scandal sheets, The Morning Post , which specialized in printing malicious society gossip , selling positive mentions in its pages, and collecting suppression fees to keep stories unpublished. Other Georgian era scandal sheets were Theodore Hook 's John Bull , Charles Molloy Westmacott 's The Age , and Barnard Gregory 's The Satirist . William d'Alton Mann , owner of
3162-627: The 22nd-season premiere episode of WWE Raw on September 8, 2014, in an attempt to conduct an intervention with The Bella Twins . Springer hosted the show Jerry Springer Presents WWE Too Hot For TV on the WWE Network in 2015. After a few years of his US talk show being broadcast in the UK, ITV1 approached Springer, who temporarily co-hosted This Morning with Judy Finnigan in March 1999 and again in 2000. In summer 1999, ITV made 12 episodes of
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3264-478: The Chicago-based NBC-owned station WMAQ-TV hired Springer to serve as a news commentator. However, this proved to be unpopular among viewers, as it resulted in the resignation of long-time news anchors Ron Magers and Carol Marin due to Springer's talk show. After performing only two commentaries, Springer resigned as commentator. Jerry Springer debuted on September 30, 1991. It started as
3366-563: The City Council to focus on running for governor of Ohio , seeking the Democratic nomination in the 1982 Ohio gubernatorial election . Television commercials for Springer's campaign referenced his use of a check to pay a prostitute, saying that he was not afraid of the truth "even if it hurts." He failed to win the Democratic party's nomination—finishing a distant third behind former lieutenant governor Richard F. Celeste and Ohio Attorney General William J. Brown —and his political career
3468-462: The Greeks wrote so many years ago: to tame the savageness of man and make gentle the life of this world. Let us dedicate ourselves to that, and say a prayer for our country and for our people. In April, Vice President Hubert Humphrey announced his candidacy for the presidency . He mostly avoided primaries and focused on states which held caucuses. Contrary to Kennedy, Humphrey did not publicly oppose
3570-673: The Holocaust , Springer was raised in Queens , New York City. He attended Northwestern University School of Law , qualified as a lawyer, and first became actively involved in politics working for the campaign of Robert Kennedy in 1968. A Cincinnati City Council member, Springer served as the 56th Mayor of Cincinnati from 1977 to 1978. He then worked as a local news anchor in Cincinnati where he won ten Regional Emmy Awards for commentary. From 2005 to 2006, Springer hosted Springer on
3672-476: The Middle East. Until 1987, the LAPD retained the original files, reports, transcripts, fragments of the bullets that struck Kennedy and the four other bystanders in the kitchen pantry, the .22 caliber Iver-Johnson handgun used by Sirhan, Kennedy's blood-stained clothes, and other artifacts related to the assassination. In 1987, the LAPD donated the entire evidence collection (except for Kennedy's clothes) to
3774-493: The New Hampshire Democratic primary, McCarthy nearly defeated Johnson with 42 percent to Johnson's 49 percent of the votes. Four days later, Kennedy announced his presidential campaign. On March 31, Johnson announced that he would not seek the presidency. Four days later, civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated , leading to further riots in several cities. The same day, Kennedy gave
3876-747: The Radio , a liberal talk show on Cincinnati's WCKY-AM . He did the show from the Clear Channel studios in Kenwood, Ohio on Mondays, Thursdays, and Fridays, and in Chicago (where his television show taped at the time) on Tuesdays and Wednesdays. Air America Radio syndicated the program for most of the show's run. In 2007, Springer also cameoed in a handful of episodes of the George Lopez Show. He hosted Miss World in 2000 and 2001 and
3978-436: The Radio , a liberal talk show on Cincinnati's WCKY-AM . He was the host of the television talent show America's Got Talent from 2007 to 2008, and of the television courtroom show Judge Jerry from 2019 to 2022. He also hosted The Jerry Springer Podcast from 2015 to 2022. One year after he retired from his television career, Springer died of pancreatic cancer on April 27, 2023 at the age of 79. Gerald Norman Springer
4080-543: The Stars , with his professional dance partner, Kym Johnson . He wanted to appear on the show so he could learn the waltz for the wedding of his daughter, Katie. Springer and Johnson were eliminated in the seventh week of competition. Springer appeared in an episode of BBC One 's television series Who Do You Think You Are? on August 27, 2008. In the episode he traveled to Poland, where he discovered that his maternal grandmother had been sent to Chełmno extermination camp by
4182-541: The Truth , the UK version of Nada más que la verdad . Springer covered the 2016 United States presidential election for ITV's Good Morning Britain . In 2016, 2017 and 2018, he guest hosted three episodes of the BBC's The One Show with TV host Alex Jones . Springer appeared in an episode of Married... with Children as the host of a talk show called The Masculine Feminist , in which he advocated for women getting
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4284-456: The UK on Talkradio , on Sundays at midnight. Springer was the second American talk show host to travel to Cuba , after Conan O'Brien , for The Jerry Springer Podcast . The podcast ended in 2022. On July 26, 2018, Jerry Springer aired its final episode in syndication after 27 seasons before it began airing reruns on The CW on September 10, 2018. Springer debuted a new courtroom show, Judge Jerry , on September 9, 2019. The show gave him
4386-533: The UK-based version of the series, Jerry Springer UK , filmed at the same studios as his US show. In September 1999, Springer made a pilot for a David Letterman -style talk show for ITV called Jerry Springer on Sunday . The show received good reviews and ratings and a further four episodes were commissioned to be broadcast in May 2000. Five were broadcast during May and June 2000 under the name Springer . The series
4488-411: The US show, it beat its talk-show rival Trisha Goddard five to one in the ratings. The VH1 "celebreality" series The Springer Hustle , which took a look at how Jerry Springer is produced, premiered in April 2007. In April 2015, Springer debuted The Jerry Springer Podcast on his website, JerrySpringer.com. He later partnered with Westwood One to stream the podcast . It was also broadcast in
4590-481: The United States. He was unhappy with immigrating to the United States, later saying that "the U.S. was against the Arabs and was friendly with Israel, and a friend of my enemy is my enemy". Once in the United States, Sirhan received above-average grades and joined an officer candidate school . During his late-teenage years, Sirhan's father abandoned the family, his sister died, two of his brothers were arrested, and he
4692-670: The Vietnam War. The California presidential primary elections were held on June 4, 1968. Polls by CBS showed Kennedy leading by 7 percent. The statewide results gave Kennedy 46 percent to McCarthy's 42 percent. Kennedy also won the South Dakota primary, winning approximately 50 percent of the vote. Author Joseph Palermo referred to the victory as Kennedy's "greatest". He was now in second place with 393 + 1 ⁄ 2 total delegates, against Humphrey's 561 + 1 ⁄ 2 delegates. At approximately 12:02 a.m. PDT
4794-468: The age of four, he and his father narrowly escaped a bomb explosion during the 1948 Palestine war . This incident, according to author Mel Ayton , "had a psychological effect on young Sirhan". He witnessed various other violent incidents during his childhood, including physical abuse by his father and the death of his older brother at the hands of a military truck that was trying to avoid sniper fire. In late 1956, Sirhan, along with his family, immigrated to
4896-447: The ballroom after speaking on his way to another gathering of supporters, but reporters wanted a press conference. Campaign aide Fred Dutton decided that Kennedy would forgo the second gathering and instead go through the hotel's kitchen and pantry area behind the ballroom to the press area. Kennedy had welcomed contact with the public during the campaign, and people had often tried to touch him in excitement. Soon after Kennedy concluded
4998-521: The council after admitting to soliciting a prostitute. He ran for the office in 1975, winning by a landslide. He was reelected in 1977 and 1979. Springer was considered a " gonzo " type politician with stunts such as staying a night in jail and commandeering a bus after the city took over bus service. In 1977, Springer was chosen by the Cincinnati City Council to serve for one year as mayor. In 1981, Springer stepped down from his seat on
5100-597: The decision, while six others opposed it. Gavin Newsom , the governor of California, denied the parole in January 2022, asserting that "Sirhan has not developed the accountability and insight required to support his safe release into the community." In November 2006, the BBC 's Newsnight program presented research by filmmaker Shane O'Sullivan alleging that several Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) officers were present on
5202-479: The discharge of a gun and that all four shots came from behind him. Kennedy Jr. described his father's departure from the stage towards the kitchen of the Ambassador Hotel, which was a route that had not previously been cleared. According to Kennedy Jr., Cesar was holding his father's arm as they walked towards the kitchen. "It made me realize that no matter how much hope you have it can be taken away in
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#17327931997405304-579: The earlier label of yellow journalism and scandal sheets . Not all newspapers associated with tabloid journalism are tabloid size, and not all tabloid-size newspapers engage in tabloid journalism; in particular, since around the year 2000 many broadsheet newspapers converted to the more compact tabloid format . In some cases, celebrities have successfully sued tabloids for libel , demonstrating that their stories have defamed them. Publications engaging in tabloid journalism are also known as rag newspapers or simply rags . Tabloid journalism has changed in
5406-613: The effort to lower the voting age, including testifying before the Senate Judiciary Committee in support of ratification of the 26th Amendment . Three days after announcing his candidacy, Springer, who was also an Army reservist at the time, was called to active duty and stationed at Fort Knox . He resumed his campaign after he was discharged. Springer was elected to the Cincinnati City Council in 1971. On April 29, 1974, Springer resigned from
5508-654: The episode "Mrs. Kraft" of the third season of Sabrina the Teenage Witch with his talk show. That same year, he was in an episode of Space Ghost Coast to Coast . He made a cameo appearance in Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me (1999) as himself during an episode of his show featuring Dr. Evil and his estranged son Scott Evil . In 2009, Springer appeared as a guest on the British game show Countdown . He appeared on
5610-553: The fatal shot to Kennedy was by a different shooter. He claimed that the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) destroyed evidence, "hid ballistic evidence exonerating Sirhan, and covered up conclusive evidence that a second gunman fatally wounded Robert Kennedy." In August 2021, the California state parole panel recommended Sirhan's parole. Two of Kennedy's children, Robert Jr. and Douglas , supported
5712-419: The findings and corroborated the presence of at least 10 shots on the tape along with an over-lapping shot. Other acoustic experts have claimed that they could find no more than eight shots recorded on the audiotape. Critics claim that Van Praag misidentified the noise impulses of the recording as gun shots. In 2008, eyewitness John Pilger asserted his belief that there must have been a second gunman. In
5814-404: The history of U.S. supermarket tabloids was the successful libel lawsuit by Carol Burnett against the National Enquirer ( Carol Burnett v. National Enquirer, Inc. ), arising out of a false 1976 report in the National Enquirer , implying she was drunk and boisterous in a public encounter with U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger . Though its impact is widely debated, it is generally seen as
5916-414: The hospital and walked to the gymnasium where the press and news media were set up for continuous updates on the situation. At 2 a.m. on June 6, Mankiewicz announced Kennedy's death. The following week, NBC devoted 55 hours to the shooting and its aftermath, ABC 43 hours, and CBS 42 hours, with all three networks initially pre-empting their regular coverage and advertisements to cover
6018-562: The lurid and profane, sometimes used to grind political, ideological, or personal axes, sometimes to make money (because "scandal sells"), and sometimes for extortion. A Duluth, Minnesota example was the Rip-saw , written by a fundamentalist journalist named John L. Morrison who was outraged by the vice and corruption he observed in that 1920s mining town. Rip-saw regularly published accusations of drunkenness, debauchery, and corruption against prominent citizens and public officials. Morrison
6120-468: The magazine distribution channel like other weekly magazines and mass-market paperback books. Leading examples include the National Enquirer , Star , Weekly World News (later reinvented as a parody of the style), and the Sun . Most major supermarket tabloids in the U.S. are published by American Media, Inc. , including the National Enquirer , Star , Globe , and National Examiner . A major event in
6222-414: The men's bowling night and eventually taking over at a bowling alley . Al Bundy and his friends tie Springer to a chair and take over his show with a stripper who jumps up and down for the crowd's delight. Springer starred in the 1998 film Ringmaster as a talk show host largely based on himself, though named "Jerry Farrelly". Ringmaster offers a behind-the-scenes look at would-be guests who apply to
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#17327931997406324-528: The near and middle East". In 1960, John F. Kennedy , Robert's elder brother, was elected the president of the United States and appointed Robert as U.S. attorney general . During his tenure, Robert served as John's close advisor and was associated with various decisions during the Kennedy administration . According to author Matthew A. Hayes, during the Cuban Missile Crisis , Robert acted as
6426-638: The new law could be used to shut down Rip-saw . The Saturday Press was another Minnesota scandal sheet. When the Public Nuisance Bill of 1925 was used to shut down The Saturday Press , the case made its way to the United States Supreme Court which found the gag law to be unconstitutional. In the United States and Canada, "supermarket tabloids" are large, national versions of these tabloids, usually published weekly. They are named for their prominent placement along
6528-851: The next day, Kennedy addressed his campaign supporters in the Embassy Ballroom of the Ambassador Hotel , in the Mid-Wilshire district of Los Angeles . At the time, the government did not provide Secret Service protection for presidential candidates. Kennedy's only security personnel were former Federal Bureau of Investigation agent William Barry and two unofficial bodyguards: Olympic decathlon gold medalist Rafer Johnson and former football player Rosey Grier . At approximately 12:10 am, concluding his victory speech, Kennedy said: "So my thanks to all of you and on to Chicago and let's win there." Kennedy planned to walk through
6630-617: The night of the assassination. The three men who appear in films and photographs from the night of the assassination were identified by former colleagues and associates as former senior CIA officers who had worked together in 1963 at JMWAVE , the CIA's anti-Castro station based in Miami. They were JMWAVE Chief of Operations David Morales , Chief of Maritime Operations Gordon Campbell, and Chief of Psychological Warfare Operations George Joannides . Several people who had known Morales were sure that he
6732-438: The nomination. Humphrey won the nomination at the convention in Chicago, at which violence in the streets occurred. He ultimately lost the general election to Republican candidate Richard Nixon by a narrow popular vote margin of 0.7 percent. Nixon won by a more decisive 301–191 margin in the Electoral College . Sirhan Sirhan was born on March 19, 1944, in Jerusalem , Palestine , to an Arab Christian family. At
6834-434: The opportunity to host a more "grown-up" program and to use his law school education. On March 9, 2022, the series was canceled after three seasons with its final episode airing on August 22, 2022. Springer hosted America's Got Talent on NBC for its second and third seasons, replacing Regis Philbin , before leaving to concentrate on other projects. From January 17, 2005, to December 5, 2006, Springer hosted Springer on
6936-404: The pantry. This has led to the suggestion that a second gunman fired the fatal shot, a possibility supported by Thomas Noguchi , the Chief Medical Examiner and Coroner for the County of Los Angeles, who stated that the fatal shot was behind Kennedy's right ear and had been fired at a distance of approximately 1 inch (2.5 centimeters) to 3 inches (7.6 centimeters). Other witnesses said that Kennedy
7038-409: The paper's allies. Known as " catch and kill ", tabloid newspapers may pay someone for the exclusive rights to a story, then choose not to run it. Publisher American Media has been accused of burying stories embarrassing to Arnold Schwarzenegger , Donald Trump , and Harvey Weinstein . The term "red tops" refers to British tabloids with red mastheads , such as The Sun , the Daily Star ,
7140-502: The personal representative of the estate of Campbell-Panitz and his counsel. The British musical, Jerry Springer: The Opera was inspired by him and his talk show. For the New York City performances of the work at Carnegie Hall his character was portrayed by Harvey Keitel . The show won four Olivier awards for its run on London's West End . In 2005, a UK version of the show aired on Britain's ITV network titled The Springer Show . A subdued and more tongue-in-cheek version of
7242-486: The possibility of parole, after the California Supreme Court , in its ruling in California v. Anderson , invalidated as unconstitutional all pending death sentences that were imposed before 1972. In 1975, it was decided that Sirhan would be freed on parole in 1984. In 1982, however, the California Board of Prison Term rescinded the parole date, citing death threats made by Sirhan from prison. In 1989, Sirhan told David Frost in prison that his sole connection with Kennedy
7344-604: The route, paying their respects. On the way to the cemetery, the funeral procession passed through Resurrection City , a shantytown protest site. The procession stopped in front of the Lincoln Memorial , where residents of Resurrection City joined the group, and the " Battle Hymn of the Republic " was sung. Kennedy was buried near his older brother John in Arlington National Cemetery . This
7446-584: The scandal sheet Town Topics , explained his purpose: "My ambition is to reform the Four Hundred by making them too deeply disgusted with themselves to continue their silly, empty way of life." Many scandal sheets in the U.S. were short-lived attempts at blackmail . One of the most popular in the U.S. was the National Police Gazette . Scandal sheets in the early 20th century were usually 4- or 8-page cheap papers specializing in
7548-607: The scene of the assassination through a fictional account. According to the author Ron Briley, "the history in Bobby is often misleading". In 2023, Robert F. Kennedy Jr.'s wife, Cheryl Hines, called for President Joe Biden to grant her husband Secret Service protection for his presidential campaign , citing his family's history of successful assassinations. . Robert F. Kennedy Jr's request for Secret Service protection would not be granted until July 15, 2024; two days after former President and Republican presidential nominee Donald Trump
7650-449: The shooting scene. She was soon led to Kennedy and knelt beside him. Kennedy turned his head seeming to recognize her. Kennedy's campaign manager, his brother-in-law Stephen Edward Smith , promptly appeared on television and asked for a doctor. After several minutes, medical attendants arrived and lifted Kennedy onto a stretcher, prompting him to whisper, "Don't lift me", which were his last words; he lost consciousness shortly after. He
7752-508: The sons of guest Nancy Campbell-Panitz – who was murdered by her ex-husband after they appeared on a May 2000 episode with his girlfriend – filed suit in Sarasota County against Springer, his producers, and his distributor, claiming he created "a mood that led to murder". Ultimately, the estate of Campbell-Panitz dropped all monetary claims against Jerry Springer and the show agreed to waive its claims for malicious prosecution against
7854-530: The speech, he started to exit through the ballroom when Barry stopped him and said, "No, it's been changed. We're going this way." Barry and Dutton began clearing a way for Kennedy to go left, through swinging doors, to the kitchen corridor, but he was hemmed in by the crowd and followed maître d'hôtel Karl Uecker through a back exit. Uecker led Kennedy through the kitchen area, holding his right wrist, but frequently releasing it as Kennedy shook hands with people whom he encountered. Uecker and Kennedy started down
7956-439: The story. Senator Kennedy's casket was taken, via a jet emblazoned with "United States of America" and sent by President Lyndon B. Johnson, to New York City, where his casket was viewed by thousands at St. Patrick's Cathedral . The funeral mass was held on the morning of June 8. Kennedy's younger brother, Senator Ted Kennedy , delivered the eulogy, saying: My brother need not be idealized, or enlarged in death beyond what he
8058-456: The tapes to the audio engineer Philip Van Praag, who analyzed and found 13 shots fired even though Sirhan's gun held only eight rounds. He also stated the recording revealed at least two cases where the timing between shots was shorter than physically possible from Sirhan's gun alone. Forensic audio specialists Wes Dooley and Paul Pegas of Audio Engineering Associates in Pasadena examined
8160-488: The trial, Sirhan's lawyers attempted to use a defense of diminished responsibility, while Sirhan tried to confess to the crime and change his plea to guilty on several occasions. He testified that he had killed Kennedy "with 20 years of malice aforethought". As of 2023, Sirhan has been denied parole 17 times. His lawyers have claimed that he was framed, and he claims to have no memory of his crime. In February 2012, Sirhan's lawyers William F. Pepper and Laurie Dusek filed
8262-599: Was "[Kennedy's] support of Israel and his deliberate attempt to send those 50 bombers to Israel to obviously do harm to the Palestinians." Although a study published in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists referred to Sirhan as a "withdrawn fanatic with multiple identity problems", the author James W. Clarke stated that Sirhan was more motivated by political issues than by his personal temperament. During
8364-494: Was a partner in the law firm of Grinker, Sudman & Springer from 1973 to 1985, alongside former NBA agent Ronnie Grinker (d. 1997) and current Butler County, Ohio , magistrate Harry Sudman. In 1970, Springer ran for the United States House of Representatives . He failed to unseat incumbent Republican Donald D. Clancy , but took 45% of the vote in a traditionally Republican district. He had previously spearheaded
8466-412: Was able to show scant live footage from the kitchen after Kennedy had been transported, but all of ABC's coverage from the hotel was in black-and-white. Approximately three hours after the incident, television networks began their morning broadcast schedule. About six million Western American households viewed the live reporting. Kennedy's wife, Ethel , who was three months pregnant, had been away from
8568-567: Was born on February 13, 1944, in the London Underground 's Highgate station while the station was in use as a shelter from German bombing during World War II . Springer spent his first years living on Chandos Road, East Finchley . His parents, Margot ( née Kallmann ; a bank clerk) and Richard Springer (owner of a shoe shop), were Jewish refugees who escaped from Landsberg an der Warthe , Prussia (now Gorzów Wielkopolski , Poland). His maternal grandmother, Marie Kallmann,
8670-554: Was captured by Boris Yaro of the Los Angeles Times and became the iconic image of the assassination. As the shooting took place, ABC News was signing off from its election-night broadcast, while the CBS coverage had been concluded. CBS went back on the air with coverage of the assassination 21 minutes after the shooting. ABC's associate news director Weisel, who was wounded during the shooting, reported from his stretcher. ABC
8772-507: Was commuted to life in prison in 1972 with a possibility of parole. His parole request has been denied numerous times. Kennedy's assassination prompted the Secret Service to protect presidential candidates. Additionally, it led to several conspiracy theories . The assassination was one of four major assassinations of the 1960s in the United States , coming several years after the assassination of Kennedy's brother John in 1963 and
8874-507: Was convicted of criminal libel in one instance, but his scandal sheet may have contributed to several politicians losing their elections. After Morrison published an issue claiming that State Senator Mike Boylan had threatened to kill him, Boylan responded by helping to pass the Public Nuisance Bill of 1925. It allowed a single judge , without jury , to stop a newspaper or magazine from publishing, forever. Morrison died before
8976-490: Was expelled from Pasadena City College . Sirhan held strongly anti-Zionist and pro-Palestinian beliefs. In 1966, while pursuing a career as a jockey, Sirhan fell from a running horse, suffering minor injuries. A friend of Sirhan said that after this incident, Sirhan was "impatient, nervous, emotional and always in a hurry". A diary was found during a search of his home, where he wrote on May 18: "Robert Kennedy must be assassinated ... My determination to eliminate RFK
9078-412: Was fired at a range of 1 inch (3 cm), entering behind his right ear. The other two shots entered at the rear of his right armpit; one exited from his chest and the other lodged in the back of his neck. Despite extensive neurosurgery to remove the bullet and bone fragments from his brain, he was pronounced dead at 1:44 a.m. on June 6, nearly 25 hours after the shooting. Mankiewicz left
9180-466: Was five, his family emigrated to the United States, settling in the Kew Gardens neighborhood of Queens , a borough of New York City . He attended nearby Forest Hills High School . One of his earliest memories about current events was when he was 12 and watching the 1956 Democratic National Convention on television where he saw and was impressed by then-Senator John F. Kennedy . Springer earned
9282-454: Was in life; to be remembered simply as a good and decent man, who saw wrong and tried to right it, saw suffering and tried to heal it, saw war and tried to stop it ... As he said many times, in many parts of this nation, to those he touched and who sought to touch him: "Some men see things as they are and say why. I dream things that never were and say why not." Kennedy's body was transported via train to Washington, D.C.; many mourners lined
9384-625: Was killed in the gas vans of Chełmno extermination camp in German-occupied Poland . His paternal grandmother, Selma Springer (née Elkeles), died at the hospital in the Theresienstadt concentration camp in German-occupied Czechoslovakia . Selma Springer's brother, Hermann Elkeles, was a renowned Berlin doctor who also died at Theresienstadt concentration camp. In January 1949, when Springer
9486-505: Was not the man claimed by O'Sullivan. After O'Sullivan published his book, assassination researchers Jefferson Morley and David Talbot discovered that Campbell had died of a heart attack in 1962, six years before Kennedy's assassination. In response, O'Sullivan stated that the man on the video may have used Campbell's name as an alias. The location of Kennedy's wounds suggested that his assailant had stood behind him, while some witnesses assert that Sirhan faced west as Kennedy moved through
9588-510: Was picked up by Channel 5 and renamed Late Night with Jerry Springer . Two series were made in 2000 and 2001 with 16 episodes. While working for Channel 5 In 2001, he was the host of the UK version of Greed , and a stand in host for The Wright Stuff . On April 16, 2006, Springer was the guest host for the opening show for the third series of The Friday Night Project for Channel 4 and guest hosted Have I Got News for You on December 12, 2008. In 2007, he signed on to host Nothing But
9690-565: Was put on hold. In the late 1980s, he played a major role in saving the historic Cincinnati Union Terminal . Springer considered running for the United States Senate in 2000 and 2004 , but he backed down due to negative associations with the Jerry Springer talk show . He also considered running in the 2018 Ohio gubernatorial election , but decided against it due to his age. Even after his departure from politics, he
9792-429: Was set up as temporary headquarters for the press and news media to receive updates on his condition. Surgery began at 3:12 a.m. and lasted approximately 3 hours and 40 minutes. At 5:30 p.m. on Wednesday, spokesman Frank Mankiewicz announced that Kennedy's doctors were "concerned over his continuing failure to show improvement"; his condition was critical. Kennedy had been shot multiple times. The fatal shot
9894-410: Was shot by Sirhan Sirhan at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles, California, and pronounced dead the following day. Kennedy, a United States senator and candidate in the 1968 Democratic Party presidential primaries , won the California and South Dakota primaries on June 4. He addressed his campaign supporters in the Ambassador Hotel's Embassy Ballroom. After leaving the podium, and exiting through
9996-467: Was strong opposition to the ongoing Vietnam War; and it was a period of social unrest, with riots in major cities. Allard K. Lowenstein , a Democratic politician, organized a " Dump Johnson " movement to prevent Johnson's nomination as the presidential candidate, and asked Kennedy to run instead. Kennedy refused, asserting that he did not want to split the Democratic Party. Eugene McCarthy ,
10098-482: Was taken to Central Receiving Hospital. A doctor slapped his face, calling, "Bob! Bob! Bob!" while another doctor massaged his heart. After obtaining a good heartbeat, doctors handed a stethoscope to Ethel so that she could hear Kennedy's heart beating. After about 30 minutes, Kennedy was transferred several blocks to the Good Samaritan Hospital to undergo surgery. A gymnasium near the hospital
10200-422: Was the first burial to have ever taken place there at night. After the assassination, Congress altered the Secret Service's mandate to include protection for major presidential and vice-presidential nominees. At the time of his death, Kennedy was substantially behind Humphrey in convention delegate support, but many believe that, following his victory in the California primary, he would have ultimately secured
10302-514: Was the largest contributor to the Hamilton County Democratic Party from 1993 to 2018. In 2016, Springer voiced support for Hillary Clinton in the 2016 United States presidential election . Springer was hired as a political reporter and commentator on Cincinnati's NBC affiliate, WLWT , which had, at the time, the lowest-rated news program. Later, having been named primary news anchor and managing editor, he needed
10404-499: Was turning to his left shaking hands as Sirhan approached, from the east. In 1975, during a re-examination of the case, experts looked into the possibility of a second gunman, and concluded that there was little or no evidence to support this hypothesis. In 2004, CNN's senior writer Brad Johnson discovered a recording of Kennedy's victory speech, recorded by the Polish journalist Stanisław Pruszyński [ pl ] . Johnson gave
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