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21-613: The hospital was founded by Julius Echter , Prince-Bishop of Würzburg , in 1576 on the ground of a Jewish cemetery with the endowment of the abandoned Monastery of Sancta Vallis in Heiligenthal . It originally also accepted pilgrims, people suffering from epilepsy, and orphans. The end of the Thirty Years' War in 1648 left part of the village of Thüngen in the hands of the Prince-Bishop of Würzburg , administered by

42-543: Is commonly known by its abbreviation VDP . It was founded in 1910 as Verband Deutscher Naturweinversteigerer e.V. , Association of German Natural (i.e. not chaptalized ) Wine Auctioneers. Founding members were the four regional associations It consists of 11 regional associations, one for each region in the German wine classification system. In order to be a VDP member, a wine estate must adhere to certain standards which are slightly more stringent than those set down in

63-596: The Franconian wine region and a member of Association of German Prädikat Wine Estates . Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn (18 March 1545 – 9 September 1617) was Prince-Bishop of Würzburg from 1573. He was born in Mespelbrunn Castle , Spessart ( Lower Franconia ) and died in Würzburg . Mespelbrunn was born the second son of diplomat Peter III Echter. He

84-624: The Imperial Russian service as a surgeon, serving in Moscow before 1812. In 1816, Cajetan von Textor was appointed professor of surgery and Oberwundarzt in the Juliusspital. His students included Bernhard Heine (1800–1846), inventor of the osteotome . In 1863, Franz von Rinecker became director of psychiatry at the Juliusspital, and in 1872 took on additional responsibilities as director of dermatology. In 1870, Friedrich Jolly

105-490: The Mosel region , where the regional VDP association is known as Grosser Ring , several well-renowned wine estates are instead members of Bernkasteler Ring , which arranges similar auctions and marketing events. In July 2018, the members adopted a sparkling wine classification that, like the wine classification, defines quality according to origin and provides for aging on the lees as an additional quality criterion. Accordingly,

126-663: The University of Würzburg which was opened 2 January 1582. It became a model for all similar Counter-Reformation institutions. Under the Jesuits it flourished, grew rapidly, and furnished the see with the priests and officials needed to prosecute the Counter-Reformation. He also founded a seminary in 1589. The bishop took decisive steps against Protestants. He banished all Lutheran preachers from his territory and removed all priests who were unwilling to observe

147-507: The "founder and soul of the Catholic League ", he exercised a decisive influence on the future of Germany. Echter also had around 300 churches built or renovated as well as constructing numerous rectories and school buildings in his territory. Würzburger Hofbräu makes a wheat beer called Julius Echter Hefe-Weissbier in honor of the bishop. The Old Library of Magdalene College, Cambridge has books previously owned by

168-525: The German wine law. VDP members may (and almost always do) use the VDP logotype , a stylized eagle with a cluster of grapes , on their wine bottles. Also, the members have access to the new VDP-specific classifications Erste Lage and Grosses Gewächs for top dry wines that fulfill the requirements. VDP and its regional associations also arrange German wine auctions and various marketing events. Especially in

189-786: The Juliusspital. In Gräfendorf the Barons of Thüngen and the Juliusspital in Würzburg shared the lordship. The latter's rights passed under the German Mediatisation in 1803 to Bavaria , and in 1805 to the Grand Duchy of Aschaffenburg . Also in the course of this secularization in 1803, the rights of the Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg in Karsbach , and those held by the Juliusspital, passed to Bavaria, which under

210-756: The bishop in their collection. St John's College, Cambridge also holds 20 volumes which previously belonged to him; these were taken from Mespelbrunn's library during the Thirty Years War. Association of German Pr%C3%A4dikat Wine Estates Verband Deutscher Prädikatsweingüter e.V. or the Association of German Prädikat Wine Estates, is an association of more than 200 wineries in Germany that promotes binding quality standards and – since 1990 – also ecological management of its members' wineries. Many of Germany's top wine producers are members. It

231-403: The coat-of-arms of Johann Philipp von Greifenclau zu Vollraths . The buildings are maintained to a high standard - they had a new pipe organ built by Orgelbau Vleugels in 2005. Juliusspital continues to function as a hospital and retirement home. It is also the second largest winery in Germany and the biggest individual German wine grower, at 177 hectares. Weingut Juliusspital is within

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252-404: The heart was brought back to the rebuilt Renaissance church and placed within a heart monument weighing two tons. The church had been secularized and turned into the great hall of the university. He is also identified by Dillinger (2009) as one of the "spearheads of Tridentine reform in Germany. For them, the fight against witches was clearly part of an apocalyptic battle against evil and for

273-715: The office of the Prince-Bishop of Würzburg. During the first ten years of Echter's government, the attempt to unite the Abbey of Fulda and the Bishopric of Würzburg, after the deposition of the Prince-Abbot Balthasar von Dernbach, caused much confusion. From the beginning, he carried out a thorough ecclesiastical restoration. To this end, he promoted the Jesuits and their ministry. Echter re-founded

294-537: The purity of the church". His most lasting monument, after the University of Würzburg, is the Julius Hospital ( Juliusspital ) in that town, which he founded with the endowment of the abandoned monastery of Heiligenthal. By skillful administration he improved the economic conditions, reduced taxes and improved the administration of justice. He proved himself one of the most capable rulers of his time. As

315-547: The right by the Alte Anatomie (by Joseph Greising, built in 1705–14. This was renovated in 1788 and used by the medical faculty such as Albert von Kölliker , von Siebold or Rudolf Virchow to instruct up to 48 students in surgery and anatomy. The park also features a water basin by Jacob van der Auvera with stone dolphins and allegorical figures for the Franconian rivers Main , Tauber , Saale and Sinn . It sports

336-491: The rules of their office. Public officials had to be Catholics, and none but Catholic teachers could be appointed. He began, moreover, courses of careful instruction for non-Catholics, and to some extent threatened them with penalties and even with banishment. Within three years about 100,000 returned to the Catholic Church. Echter died on 9 September 1617, aged 72, at Marienberg Fortress . The main part of his body

357-576: The terms of the Peace of Pressburg it ceded to the newly formed Grand Duchy of Würzburg . In 1878, in an article in The Examiner comparing the status of medical education in England and overseas, reported that "In Germany, the faculties are more equal. In University of Würzburg , owing to the large and rich Julius-Spital, the medical faculty is the most numerous." In 1776 Carl Caspar von Siebold

378-476: Was appointed as head physician ( Oberwundarzt ) of the Juliusspital. Under his leadership, new surgical techniques were introduced, a regimen of hygiene was established, and renovation of the Theatrum Anatomicum took place. In 1805 the Juliusspital reportedly had the first modern operating theater in the world. Georg Anton Schäffer studied medicine at Juliusspital's College of Medicine. He joined

399-660: Was buried at the Würzburg Cathedral . Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn broke with the tradition of heart burial at Ebrach Abbey and had his heart buried in the Neubaukirche  [ de ] , a church which he had had built. After the Neubaukirche was destroyed in World War II , the heart had to be temporarily transferred. To mark the 400-year anniversary of the re-founding of the university,

420-460: Was educated in Mainz , Leuven , Douai , Paris , Angers , Pavia , and Rome . In Rome, he became a licentiate of canon and civil law. In 1567 he entered on his duties as canon of Würzburg, an office to which he had been appointed in 1554; in 1570 he became the dean of the cathedral chapter , and in 1573, at the age of twenty-eight, even before his ordination to the priesthood, was appointed to

441-454: Was his assistant. Juliusspital is a Baroque hospital with a courtyard and a church originally established in 1576. However, the 160 m long northern wing was added by Antonio Petrini  [ it ] in 1700–4. Beneath it lies the similarly sized wine cellar. The Rococo pharmacy survived the bombing of 1945 largely undamaged. North of the Spital is a park used by the patients, fronted to

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