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36-439: Jönköping ( / ˈ j ɜː n ( t ) ʃ ɜː p ɪ ŋ / , Swedish: [ˈjœ̂nːˌɕøːpɪŋ] ) is a city in southern Sweden with 112,766 inhabitants (2022). Jönköping is situated on the southern shore of Sweden's second largest lake, Vättern , in the province of Småland . The city is the seat of Jönköping Municipality , which has a population of 144,699 (2022) and is Småland's most populous municipality. Jönköping

72-537: A local area network (LAN) connection is established between the devices using a router or switch , primarily for the purpose of playing multiplayer video games together. LAN party events differ significantly from LAN gaming centers and Internet cafes in that LAN parties generally require participants to bring your own computer (BYOC) and are not permanent installations, often taking place in general-use venues or residences. The size of these networks may vary from as few as two people to very large gatherings of

108-401: A central location or one that is known to all participants. Such events are often organized quickly with little planning, and some overnight events, with some stretching into days (or even weeks). Because of the small number of players, games are usually played on small levels and/or against bots . If the venue lacks Wi-Fi , an ad hoc network may be set up, thereby eliminating the need for

144-626: A hundred or more. Small parties can form spontaneously and take advantage of common household networking equipment, but larger ones typically require more planning, equipment and preparation, even dedicated gaming servers . As of 2020, the world record for the size of a LAN party is 22,810 visitors, set at DreamHack , in Jönköping , Sweden . Usually, smaller LAN parties consist of people bringing their computers over to each other's houses to host and play multiplayer games. These are sometimes established between small groups of friends, and hosted at

180-669: A match. As well as counting for standings in national and international gaming leagues such as the CPL there are regular events such as QuakeCon in which the very best players from around the world compete against one another, much like in popular sports. Practice matches are usually held prior to a match so competitors can get a rough idea of what they are up against. Often case modders and overclockers attend these events to display their computers, which otherwise would be seen by few. Some come just to display their computers and look at others' computers. Some attendees also use these parties for

216-510: A statistical problem. The census of 1910 introduced the concept of "densely populated localities in the countryside". The term tätort (literally "dense place") was introduced in 1930. The municipal amalgamations placed more and more rural areas within city municipalities, which was the other side of the same problem. The administrative boundaries were in fact not suitable for defining rural and urban populations. From 1950 rural and urban areas had to be separated even within city limits, as, e.g.,

252-429: A total population of 139,222 . Jönköping's climate was humid continental ( Köppen Dfb ) with long, cold winters and short, warm summers during the 1961–1990 period. However, the window between subarctic and oceanic is very small in this marine-influenced climate type, and in recent years the climate has more resembled very cold oceanic. However, figures are slightly skewed due to the weather station being located at

288-404: A trading centre or market place. The geographical position of the city also left it vulnerable to attack via the river routes that led south, mainly from Danes . At that time the provinces of what is today southern Sweden – Scania , Halland and Blekinge – belonged to Denmark. The city was plundered and burned several times until it was fortified during the 16th and 17th centuries. Jönköping

324-414: A wired network. Providing refreshments is often also a duty of the host, though guests are usually asked to contribute. In larger parties where participants may not all know each other personally, an entry fee may even be charged. Another tradition of some small groups is to purchase large amounts of fast food for consumption over many days. Many LAN participants will also bring food or drink to consume over

360-559: Is also the seat of Jönköping County which has a population of 367,064 (2022). Jönköping is the seat of a district court and a court of appeal as well as the Swedish National Courts Administration . It is also the seat of the Swedish Board of Agriculture . The Jönköping municipality has its headquarters in a place called rådhuset . Rådhuset is an important component of the function of

396-537: Is located in Jönköping's first match factory. The urban area of Jönköping today includes the eastern industrial town of Huskvarna , with which it has grown together. Elmia , a major trade fair and exhibition centre, is situated in Jönköping. Elmia Wood is the world's largest forestry fair, and fairs for subcontractors, trucks, caravans and railways are the biggest of their kind in Europe. Since 2001, Elmia has been

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432-576: Is trialling a three-year update period. The number of urban areas in Sweden increased by 56 to 1,956 in 2010. A total of 8,016,000 – 85 per cent – of the Swedish population lived in an urban area; occupying only 1,3 per cent of Sweden's total land area, and the most populous urban area is Stockholm at 1,4 million people. LAN party A LAN party is a social gathering of participants with personal computers or compatible game consoles , where

468-430: The kommunstyrelsen . The departments that are inherent to the office are not limited to but are shortly known as: Jönköping is an old trading centre ( Köping ) situated at a natural crossroads for routes following the rivers Nissan and Lagan , and the road connecting the provinces of Östergötland and Västergötland , a result of the town's geographical position at the southern end of lake Vättern, which divides

504-454: The Quake , Left 4 Dead , Call of Duty , Battlefield , Doom and Halo series. Prizes may be awarded to winners, and can include computer hardware such as overclocking kits, cases, lights, fans, graphics cards and sometimes even complete computers (often considered humorous as typically the winner of the competition would already have (and be competing on) a custom PC far superior to

540-771: The Swedish term tätort . The official term in English used by Statistics Sweden is, however, " locality " ( Swedish : ort ). It could be compared with " census-designated places " in the United States . Until the beginning of the 20th century, only the towns/cities were regarded as urban areas. The built-up area and the municipal entity were normally almost congruent. Urbanization and industrialization created, however, many new settlements without formal city status. New suburbs grew up just outside city limits, being de facto urban but de jure rural. This created

576-489: The airport which is at an elevation of 228 metres (748 ft), whereas the city centre is at 100 metres (330 ft). This likely renders up to between half a degree to a full degree milder temperatures in the urban centre. Urban areas in Sweden In 2018, there were nearly two thousand urban areas in Sweden, which were inhabited by 87% of the Swedish population. Urban area is a common English translation of

612-460: The box only". To prevent the matches from igniting so easily, Gustav Erik Pasch separated the chemicals in the match head and placed the phosphorus on a separate surface on the outside of the box for striking ignition. Johan Edvard and Carl Frans Lundström took Pasch's patent and improved it. Later, they manufactured their new Safety matches in their factory in Jönköping. Today, the Match Museum

648-636: The comfort of their own homes rather than the inconvenience of packing and then setting up their PC's to the LAN party host's location. While traditional LAN parties have solely consisted of computer gaming, the widespread adoption of network-centric console platforms, such as Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 , has led to an evolution in LAN parties. Modern consoles equipped with Ethernet ports are able to communicate with each other over standard routers or switches, much like traditional computers. Console-LAN attendees need only their console, games, and television to garner

684-462: The course of the party—though they can be held at any hour, many LAN parties begin late in the evening and run through the next morning, making energy drinks a popular choice. When some of the participants cannot be present or when merging a few LAN parties together, VPN software such as Hamachi can be used to arrange computers over the Internet so they appear to be on the same LAN. Normally,

720-417: The form of regular barbecues or even employment of a catering staff running a public canteen. Gaming clans — groups of gamers that often play in team games—often use these gatherings to meet one another, since they typically play together over the Internet between other parties with little real-world contact. Their goal is often to win tournaments. Clans are often in "ladders" where they move up after winning

756-403: The host will host the games but sometimes at very small LAN parties (e.g. 2 or 3 people) all participants will connect to an online internet server and add a word in front of their name to tell everyone else that they are a clan or group. At bigger LANs (e.g. 5 or more people) the host or a friend of the host will use a spare PC as a game server to serve all the participants. Usually the host and/or

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792-744: The huge wilderness around Kiruna had been declared a "city" in 1948. From 1965 only "non-administrative localities" are counted, independently of municipal and county borders. In 1971 "city" was abolished as a type of municipality. Urban areas in the meaning of tätort are defined independently on the division into counties and municipalities, and are defined solely according to population density. In practice, most references in Sweden are to municipalities, not specifically to towns or cities, which complicates international comparisons. Most municipalities contain many localities (up to 26 in Kristianstad Municipality ), but some localities are, on

828-652: The main attraction. Amongst these are demoparties such as Assembly and hacker conventions such as DEF CON . In the traditionally active demoscene countries, such as those in Northern Europe , the LAN party culture is often heavily influenced by demoparties. This is due to the fact that many of the largest demoparties were already well established in the early 1990s and their facilities were also suitable for large-scale LAN party activity. This eventually led to gaming clans and other similar groups to attend these events and regard them merely as large LAN parties. On

864-482: The main reasons for running such servers is so file sharing can be monitored/controlled while standard Windows file sharing ( SMB/CIFS ) can be blocked, thus preventing the spread of SMB/CIFS-based viruses. Most P2P setups used at LAN parties also have a 'centralized' chat area, where all members of the LAN party can converse in an IRC -like environment. There are also other kinds of parties not referred to as "LAN parties" where temporary LANs are built but are not used as

900-448: The municipality as it works as a state office for different departments of and in Jönköping. Rådhuset is dependent on the municipality but is its own entity, the head of the rådhuset has political power but is not the head of the Jönköping state. The head of the Jönköping state is called the kommunfullmäktige which has all the municipal power but sometimes doesn't make the decisions; these are handed down to other departments or

936-471: The organisers risk losing tens of thousands of dollars) and provide prizes for attendees. LAN parties have their own unique culture. Enthusiasts often show off computers with extravagant aftermarket cooling systems, LED lighting effects, multi-display setups, and custom-built cases, and many other enhancements. Highly caffeinated drinks, termed energy drinks , are very popular in these events to improve concentration and stamina, since LAN parties often run into

972-613: The other hand, it is not uncommon for "pure" LAN parties in Northern Europe to organize some demoscene-like competitions in areas such as computer graphics or home videos. Many computer companies, including NVIDIA , Cooler Master , Cyber Snipa , Antec , Corsair , Alienware , SteelSeries , Tesoro , and Thermaltake , offer sponsorship packages to large LAN parties, with funding, prizes, or equipment given in return for advertising. Many large-scale LAN parties seek such sponsorship, in order to reduce operating risk (often

1008-522: The other hand, multimunicipal. Stockholm urban area is spread over 11 municipalities. When comparing the population of different cities, the urban area ( tätort ) population is preferred to the population of the municipality. The population of, e.g., Stockholm should be accounted as about 1.6 million rather than the approximately 990,000 of the municipality, and Lund rather about 94,000 than about 130,000. Before 2015 delimitation of localities were made by Statistics Sweden every five years, since then it

1044-443: The owner are administrators. The group can play together in another server as well if they wish as long as they are in the same LAN. Private LAN parties were at their peak in popularity during the late 1990s to early 2000s when broadband internet access was either unavailable or too expensive for most people at the time. Another purpose for attending private LAN parties was also the opportunity to share software, movies or music among

1080-635: The participants. File-sharing over LAN networks provided a convenient way to exchange content among participants, as most average internet users did not have access to the high-speed and bandwidth that a broadband Internet connection offers to accommodate large file size downloads. Since the wide availability of high-speed internet, friends can more easily remotely play their multiplayer games together, using gaming-orientated software such as TeamSpeak , Discord and Steam . Social media can also assist in online meet-ups and communication for groups of friends to be able to play their multiplayer games online together, in

1116-484: The prize). The duration of events is not standardized; organized parties often last for a weekend. Big LAN parties often offer a quiet place to sleep, shower, and eat, as well as hired security , alternative entertainment (such as music), and a dedicated support crew, as well as a professionally managed network including a connection to the Internet. Catering might come in the form of a bar , delivered food such as pizza, or nearby shops. Some parties come fully catered in

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1152-429: The purpose of file sharing . Copyright infringement via file sharing is often discouraged or forbidden by the larger parties. However, enforcement is rare and spotty due to the time involved and often a lack of desire by organizers. Some LAN parties actively support file sharing for legitimate purposes (game patches, updates, user-contributed content), and may run Direct Connect hubs or other P2P service servers. One of

1188-771: The same local gaming experience as their computer-based counterparts. Many popular multiplayer games for the console have also been ported to the PC (e.g. Battlefield: Bad Company 2 and Halo: Combat Evolved ). Developers have given consumers the choice to enjoy the same multiplayer games on multiple platforms, paving way for an alternative stage in 21st-century LAN parties. Many commercialized parties offer various tournaments, with competitions in such games as StarCraft , Warcraft III , World of Warcraft , Counter-Strike: Source , Counter-Strike: Global Offensive , Unreal Tournament , Fortnite , Kirby Air Ride , PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds , Garry's Mod , and games from

1224-410: The site of the world's largest LAN party , DreamHack , with two events every year, Dreamhack Summer and Dreamhack Winter. The city is an important Nordic logistical center, with many companies' central warehouses (such as Elkjøp , IKEA , Electrolux and Husqvarna ) situated there. In late 2019, Jönköping was seen as the city with best future prospects in Sweden by WSP. As of 2018, Jönköping has

1260-460: The two provinces. On 18 May 1284 Jönköping became the first City in Sweden to be granted its rights by king Magnus Ladulås , who ruled mostly from Vättern's largest island Visingsö . The first part of the city's name, "Jön", is derived from a creek, "Junebäcken", in Talavid, in what is now the western part of the city. The second part of the name "köping", is, as mentioned above, an old word for

1296-409: Was known for its matchstick industry between 1845 and 1970. The phosphorus match was invented in 1831, and these matches became very popular because one could strike it against any surface to ignite it. However, the problem was that they ignited too easily, caused a lot of accidents and were toxic. In 1844, Swedish professor Gustav Erik Pasch patented a new invention, "Safety matches – Strike against

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