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26-612: Both models have improved autofocus ability, particularly in low and tungsten light, down to −3EV, which at the time of release makes it the best low-light autofocus camera. Also improved is the sensitivity of the central AF area which now has an AF base of f/2.8 instead of the common f/5.6. This increased AF base length helps to improve focus accuracy, in particular with fast (wide aperture) lenses and in low light. The Pentax K-5 II/IIs each have HD video capabilities, with resolutions of 1920×1080 (at 25 fps), 1280×720 (at 25 & 30 fps), 640×480 (at 25 & 30 fps). Externally,

52-460: A " focal length multiplier" for comparing a proportionally scaled lens/image circle projection/sensor diameter) can be used to calculate the field of view in 35 mm terms from the actual focal length. The most common multiplier ratios: Canon, Fujifilm, Nikon, Pentax and Sony have developed and designed lenses specifically for their cameras with a lens factor (more fully, lens focal length conversion factor) or " crop factor ". While Canon uses

78-422: A 200 mm lens is a long-focus lens . Because digital cameras have mostly replaced film cameras and the image sensor size that also determines the angle of view is not standardized as the film size was, there is no uniform relation between the lens focal length and the angle of view due to possibilities of using various image sensor sizes at the same focal length (i.e., a different image sensor size resulting in

104-532: A Nikon FX (full-frame) digital body, by default the camera will automatically adjust the viewfinder to depict the DX frame area and crop the captured images to the DX image size. This can be overridden by the user if desired. Pentax produces the DA line for their APS-C cameras. These lenses are available in focal lengths that offer similar field-of-view as lenses previously available for 135 film. The trademark compact design of

130-413: A different angle of view at the same lens focal length). The 35 mm equivalent focal length of a particular lens–sensor combination is the focal length that one would need for a 35 mm film camera to obtain the same angle of view. Two lens-sensor combinations with the same 35 mm equivalent focal length are expected to have the same angle of view. Most commonly, the 35 mm equivalent focal length

156-450: A factor of 1.6×, the other four brands all use 1.5×. APS-C cameras use a smaller area to form the image than traditional 35 mm cameras, and so lenses used on APS-C format cameras have a correspondingly narrower field of view. For example, a 28 mm lens is a wide angle lens on a traditional 35 mm camera. But the same lens on an APS-C camera, with a lens factor of 1.6× (relative to a standard full-frame 35 mm format camera), has

182-431: A few digital rangefinders . Such sensors exist in many different variants depending on the manufacturer and camera model. All APS-C variants are considerably smaller than 35 mm standard film which measures 36×24 mm. Because of this, devices with APS-C sensors are known as "cropped frame," especially when used in connection with lens mounts that are also used with sensors the size of 35 mm film: only part of

208-482: Is based on equal diagonal angle of view. This definition is also in the CIPA guideline DCG-001 . Alternatively, it may sometimes be based on horizontal angle of view. Since 35 mm film is normally used for images with an aspect ratio (width-to-height ratio) of 3:2, while many digital cameras have a 4:3 aspect ratio, which have different diagonal-to-width ratios, these two definitions are often not equivalent, i.e.,

234-673: Is considerably closer to the sensor or film plane than that of an EF (full-frame/35mm) or EF-S lens. Canon sells an optional adapter that allows EF-M bodies to accept all EF and EF-S lenses. Fujifilm debuted their X-mount range of lenses in early 2012. These lenses are designed for their X series cameras using APS-C sensors. Nikon makes DX format lenses for their line of APS-C digital cameras. These can be physically mounted to all Nikon digital and film SLR camera bodies since 1977. These lenses generally exhibit vignetting at shorter focal lengths when mounted on Nikon film bodies, but are typically usable at longer focal lengths. When mounted on

260-542: Is cropped and the resolution is roughly halved. E-mount lenses are compatible with all of the company's APS-C MILCs, from the NEX-3 and NEX-5 through the current α3000 , α5100 , α6500 , α6600, and α6700 . In addition, they can be mounted on Sony full-frame MILCs ( α7/α7R/α7S , α7R II , α7S II ) in "crop" mode (the company also produces E-mount lenses designated as "FE", which cover the entire full-frame image circle). 35 mm equivalent focal length In photography ,

286-492: Is deeper at a given f number , due to the smaller absolute aperture diameters corresponding to shorter focal length lenses. Equivalent depth of field can be calculated the same way using the crop factor. For example, a 50mm f/2 lens on a 2× crop factor Micro Four Thirds camera would be equivalent to a 100 mm (= 2×50 mm) f/4 (= f/(2×2)) lens on a full-frame digital SLR in terms of field of view , depth of field, total light gathered, and diffraction effects. However for

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312-504: Is fully weather-sealed. It has the highest camera sensor rating of any Pentax APS-C camera, according to DxO Labs , with a score of 82. The Pentax K-5 IIs is a version of the K-5 II which omits the traditional low pass filter for greater sharpness but potentially greater moiré . The K-5 II/IIs are available in two different kits, one including the DA 18–55 mm WR lens , and the other

338-522: Is to be calculated like this: "Converted focal length into 35 mm camera" = (Diagonal distance of image area in the 35 mm camera (43.27 mm) / Diagonal distance of image area on the image sensor of the DSC ) × focal length of the lens of the DSC. Quoted 35 mm equivalent focal lengths typically ignore depth of field (DOF), which depends on both focal length and aperture . The DOF of smaller sensors

364-743: Is why each manufacturer offers a range of lenses designed for its format. The signal-to-noise ratio for a given pixel is largely defined by the number of photons per pixel and the sensor readout noise. Larger pixel sizes can capture more photons per pixel thus giving a higher SNR and generally less image noise . However, for practical applications, the image noise of an APS-C sensor cannot be directly compared to either smaller or bigger sensor sizes as there are also other variables to consider, such as advancements in image processing techniques. Most DSLR and third party lens manufacturers now make lenses specifically designed for APS-C cameras. The designations by brand include: A crop factor (sometimes referred to as

390-417: The 35 mm equivalent focal length is a measure of the angle of view for a particular combination of a camera lens and film or image sensor size . The term is popular because in the early years of digital photography, most photographers experienced with interchangeable lenses were most familiar with the 35 mm film format. On any 35 mm film camera, a 28 mm lens is a wide-angle lens , and

416-492: The DA 18–135 mm WR lens , as well as a body only. VIDEO: 720p / 1080p / 4K APS-C Advanced Photo System type-C ( APS-C ) is an image sensor format approximately equivalent in size to the Advanced Photo System film negative in its C ("Classic") format, of 25.1×16.7 mm, an aspect ratio of 3:2 and Ø 30.15 mm field diameter. It is therefore also equivalent in size to

442-566: The E-mount for their α MILCs. The DT lenses can be mounted on any Sony A-mount camera, but are specifically designed for the DSLR-A100 up to DSLR-A700 series of APS-C-format DSLRs, the earlier Konica Minolta 5D and 7D , and the most recent APS-C Alpha SLTs. DT lenses can be mounted on full-frame models like the DSLR-A850 , DSLR-A900 , and SLT-A99 in "crop" mode, where the frame

468-460: The Super 35 motion picture film format, which has the dimensions of 24.89 mm × 18.66 mm (0.980 in × 0.735 in) and Ø 31.11 mm field diameter. Sensors approximating these dimensions are used in many digital single-lens reflex cameras (DSLRs), mirrorless interchangeable-lens cameras (MILCs), and a few large-sensor live-preview digital cameras . APS-C size sensors are also used in

494-576: The DA limited series takes advantage of the smaller APS-C format with the lenses under 40 mm and is fully usable on 135 Film with the DA Limited Lenses over 35 mm focal length. All DA lenses can be mounted on Pentax film bodies, albeit with increased vignetting . Some lens in the DA series cover 35 full frame format fully. Sony has two lines specifically designed for their APS-C cameras—the DT line for their A-mount DSLRs and α SLTs , and

520-440: The actual sensor size, but are a bit larger (typically about a factor of 1.5) than the actual sensor diagonal. This is because these sensor size specifications refer to the size of a camera tube , while the usable sensor size is about 2/3 of the size of the tube. Tubes are not used on digital cameras, but the same specifications are used. Apart from the width- and diagonal-based 35 mm equivalent focal length definitions, there

546-517: The cameras are distinguished by a recessed screen, where the K-5 had a flush-mounted one. The K-5II/IIs has a gapless design—the typical air gap is avoided by the use of a special resin—helps to reduce internal reflections and gives better visibility in bright light. The material of the screen has been changed from plastic to tempered glass, which is scratch resistant. Like its predecessor, the K-5 II/IIs

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572-854: The equivalent focal length based on the diagonal angle of view differs from the equivalent focal length based on the horizontal angle of view. 35 mm equivalent focal lengths are calculated by multiplying the actual focal length of the lens by the crop factor of the sensor. Typical crop factors are 1.26× – 1.29× for Canon (1.35× for Sigma "H") APS-H format, 1.5× for Nikon APS-C ("DX") format (also used by Sony, Pentax, Fuji, Samsung and others), 1.6× for Canon APS-C format, 2× for Micro Four Thirds format, 2.7× for 1-inch sensors (used in Nikon 1 cameras and some Sony RX cameras), 5× to 6× for compact digital cameras , and even higher for built-in cameras of mobile devices like cell phones or tablets. According to CIPA guidelines, 35 mm equivalent focal length

598-511: The exception of the early Canon EOS D30 , Canon EOS D60 , and Canon EOS 10D , which predated the introduction of the mounting system. EF-S lenses will not physically mount on Canon's full-frame digital or 35mm film SLRs. More recently, the company introduced the EF-M line for its EOS M series of mirrorless interchangeable-lens cameras (MILCs). EF-M lenses will not physically mount on any Canon SLR, whether film or digital. The rear of an EF-M lens

624-455: The image produced by the lens is captured by the APS-C size sensor. Sensor sizes range from 20.7×13.8 mm to 28.7×19.1 mm, but are typically 22.3×14.9 mm for Canon and 23.5×15.6 mm for other manufacturers. Each variant results in a slightly different angle of view from lenses at the same focal length and overall a much narrower angle of view compared to 35 mm film . This

650-464: The purposes of exposure calculations the aperture does not change for different sensor sizes. A standard 35 mm film image is 36 mm wide by 24 mm tall (35 mm refers to the height of the film including the perforations for film transport), and the diagonal is 43.3 mm. This leads to the following conversion formulas for a lens with a true focal length f : For historical reasons, sensor size specifications such as 1/2.5" do not match

676-573: The same angle of view as a 45 mm (28 mm × 1.6 lens factor) lens on a 35 mm camera—i.e. a normal lens. Several third-party lens manufacturers, such as Tamron , Tokina , and Sigma , also manufacture a range of lenses optimised for APS-C sensors. Canon introduced the Canon EF-S line of lenses in 2003 alongside the 300D. These lenses place the rear of the lens closer to the camera's sensor (referred to as short back focus ). EF-S lenses are compatible with Canon's APS-C digital SLRs, with

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