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56-719: OOPSLA ( Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages & Applications ) is an annual ACM research conference. OOPSLA mainly takes place in the United States , while the sister conference of OOPSLA, ECOOP , is typically held in Europe. It is operated by the Special Interest Group for Programming Languages ( SIGPLAN ) group of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). OOPSLA has been instrumental in helping object-oriented programming develop into

112-620: A highly localized extra-curricular university mind sport and operating as a globally-coordinated unincorporated association operating under agreements with host universities and non-profits, the ICPC is open to qualified teams from every university in the world. UPE has provided continuous support since 1970 and honored World Finalists since the first Finals in 1976. The ICPC is indebted to ACM member contributions and ACM assistance from 1976 to 2018. Baylor University served since 1985, hosting ICPC Headquarters from 1989 until 2022. The ICPC operates under

168-590: A link back to the ACM Digital Library's permanently maintained Version of Record. All metadata in the Digital Library is open to the world, including abstracts , linked references and citing works, citation and usage statistics, as well as all functionality and services. Other than the free articles, the full-texts are accessed by subscription. In addition, starting on April 7, 2022, ACM made its publications from 1951 to 2000 open access through

224-684: A mainstream programming paradigm. It has also helped incubate a number of related topics, including design patterns , refactoring , aspect-oriented programming , model-driven engineering , agile software development , and domain specific languages . The first OOPSLA conference was held in Portland, Oregon in 1986. As of 2010, OOPSLA became a part of the SPLASH conference. SPLASH stands for Systems, Programming, Languages, and Applications: Software for Humanity. Association for Computing Machinery The Association for Computing Machinery ( ACM )

280-545: A membership grade, the ACM recognizes distinguished speakers on topics in computer science. A distinguished speaker is appointed for a three-year period. There are usually about 125 current distinguished speakers. The ACM website describes these people as 'Renowned International Thought Leaders'. The distinguished speakers program (DSP) has been in existence for over 20 years and serves as an outreach program that brings renowned experts from Academia, Industry and Government to present on

336-563: A multi-tier competition in 1977, with the first finals held in conjunction with the ACM Computer Science Conference. From 1977 to 1989, the contest included mainly teams of four from universities throughout the United States and Canada. ICPC Headquarters was hosted by Baylor University from 1989 until 2022, with regional contests established within the world's university community, the ICPC has grown into

392-505: A number of awards for outstanding technical and professional achievements and contributions in computer science and information technology. Over 30 of ACM's Special Interest Groups also award individuals for their contributions with a few listed below. The President of ACM for 2022–2024 is Yannis Ioannidis , Professor at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens . He is successor of Gabriele Kotsis (2020–2022), Professor at

448-601: A participating institution will be expected to pay an article processing charge . As of May 2024, ACM reported that more than 1,340 institutions worldwide had signed on for ACM Open, putting ACM at just over halfway to meeting its target of 2,500 participating institutions by 2026. In addition to student and regular members, ACM has several advanced membership grades to recognize those with multiple years of membership and "demonstrated performance that sets them apart from their peers". The number of Fellows, Distinguished Members, and Senior Members cannot exceed 1%, 10%, and 25% of

504-432: A program fails to give a correct answer, the team is notified and can submit another program. The winner is the team which correctly solves the most problems. If necessary to rank teams for medals or prizes among tying teams, the placement of teams is determined by the sum of the elapsed times at each point that they submitted correct solutions plus 20 minutes for each rejected submission of a problem ultimately solved. There

560-561: A worldwide competition. To increase access to the World Finals, teams were reduced to three students within their first five academic years. From 1997 to 2017, International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) was the sponsor of ICPC. During that time contest participation has grown by more than 2000%. In 1997, 840 teams from 560 universities participated. In 2017, 46,381 students from 2,948 universities in 103 countries on six continents participated in regional competitions. Organized as

616-614: Is "Advancing Computing as a Science & Profession". In 1947, a notice was sent to various people: On January 10, 1947, at the Symposium on Large-Scale Digital Calculating Machinery at the Harvard computation Laboratory, Professor Samuel H. Caldwell of Massachusetts Institute of Technology spoke of the need for an association of those interested in computing machinery, and of the need for communication between them. [...] After making some inquiries during May and June, we believe there

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672-519: Is a US-based international learned society for computing . It was founded in 1947 and is the world's largest scientific and educational computing society. The ACM is a non-profit professional membership group, reporting nearly 110,000 student and professional members as of 2022 . Its headquarters are in New York City . The ACM is an umbrella organization for academic and scholarly interests in computer science ( informatics ). Its motto

728-462: Is a bibliography in computing with over one million entries. The ACM Digital Library contains a comprehensive archive starting in the 1950s of the organization's journals, magazines, newsletters and conference proceedings. Online services include a forum called Ubiquity and Tech News digest. There is an extensive underlying bibliographic database containing key works of all genres from all major publishers of computing literature. This secondary database

784-554: Is a collection of historic and current portrait photographs of figures from the computer industry. The ACM Portal is an online service of the ACM. Its core are two main sections: ACM Digital Library and the ACM Guide to Computing Literature . The ACM Digital Library was launched in October 1997. It is the full-text collection of all articles published by the ACM in its articles, magazines and conference proceedings. The Guide

840-500: Is a rich discovery service known as The ACM Guide to Computing Literature. ACM adopted a hybrid Open Access (OA) publishing model in 2013. Authors who do not choose to pay the OA fee must grant ACM publishing rights by either a copyright transfer agreement or a publishing license agreement. ACM was a "green" publisher before the term was invented. Authors may post documents on their own websites and in their institutional repositories with

896-607: Is ample interest to start an informal association of many of those interested in the new machinery for computing and reasoning. Since there has to be a beginning, we are acting as a temporary committee to start such an association: The committee (except for Curtiss) had gained experience with computers during World War II : Berkeley, Campbell, and Goheen helped build Harvard Mark I under Howard H. Aiken , Mauchly and Sharpless were involved in building ENIAC , Tompkins had used "the secret Navy code-breaking machines", and Taylor had worked on Bush 's Differential analyzers . The ACM

952-1001: Is needed to win. The 2004 ACM-ICPC World Finals were hosted at the Obecni Dum, Prague , by Czech Technical University in Prague. 3,150 teams representing 1,411 universities from 75 countries competed in elimination rounds, with 73 of those teams proceeding to the world finals. St. Petersburg Institute of Fine Mechanics and Optics from Russia won, solving 7 of 10 problems. Gold medalists were St. Petersburg Institute of Fine Mechanics and Optics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology (Sweden), Belarusian State University, and Perm State University (Russia). The 2005 world finals were held at Pudong Shangri-La Hotel in Shanghai on April 6, 2005, hosted by Shanghai Jiao Tong University . 4,109 teams representing 1,582 universities from 71 countries competed in elimination rounds, with 78 of those teams proceeding to

1008-497: Is no time consumed for a problem that is not solved. Compared to other programming contests (for example, International Olympiad in Informatics ), the ICPC is characterized by a large number of problems (eight or more problems in just 5 hours). Another feature is that each team can use only one computer, although teams have three students. This makes the time pressure even greater. Good teamwork and ability to withstand pressure

1064-401: Is the final round of competition. Over its history it has become a 4-day event held in the finest venues worldwide with 140 teams competing in the 2018 World Finals. Recent World Champion teams have been recognized by their country's head of state. In recent years, media impressions have hovered at the one billion mark. From 2000 to 2022, only teams from Russia , China , and Poland have won

1120-675: The Anita Borg Institute , the National Center for Women & Information Technology (NCWIT) , and Committee on the Status of Women in Computing Research (CRA-W) . The ACM-W gives an annual Athena Lecturer Award to honor outstanding women researchers who have made fundamental contributions to computer science. This program began in 2006. Speakers are nominated by SIG officers. ACM's primary partner has been

1176-482: The Anita Borg Institute for Women and Technology . Some conferences are hosted by ACM student branches; this includes Reflections Projections, which is hosted by UIUC ACM. In addition, ACM sponsors regional conferences. Regional conferences facilitate increased opportunities for collaboration between nearby institutions and they are well attended. For additional non-ACM conferences, see this list of computer science conferences . The ACM presents or co–presents

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1232-709: The IEEE Computer Society (IEEE-CS), which is the largest subgroup of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). The IEEE focuses more on hardware and standardization issues than theoretical computer science , but there is considerable overlap with ACM's agenda. They have many joint activities including conferences, publications and awards. ACM and its SIGs co-sponsor about 20 conferences each year with IEEE-CS and other parts of IEEE. Eckert-Mauchly Award and Ken Kennedy Award , both major awards in computer science, are given jointly by ACM and

1288-622: The Jack Baskin School of Engineering at the University of California, Santa Cruz ; Vint Cerf (2012–2014), American computer scientist and Internet pioneer; Alain Chesnais (2010–2012); and Dame Wendy Hall of the University of Southampton , UK (2008–2010). ACM is led by a council consisting of the president, vice-president, treasurer, past president, SIG Governing Board Chair, Publications Board Chair, three representatives of

1344-625: The Johannes Kepler University Linz ; Cherri M. Pancake (2018–2020), professor emeritus at Oregon State University and Director of the Northwest Alliance for Computational Science and Engineering (NACSE); Vicki L. Hanson (2016–2018), Distinguished Professor at the Rochester Institute of Technology and visiting professor at the University of Dundee ; Alexander L. Wolf (2014–2016), Dean of

1400-712: The ACM include: Although Communications no longer publishes primary research, and is not considered a prestigious venue, many of the great debates and results in computing history have been published in its pages. ACM has made almost all of its publications available to paid subscribers online at its Digital Library and also has a Guide to Computing Literature . ACM also offers insurance, online courses, and other services to its members. In 1997, ACM Press published Wizards and Their Wonders: Portraits in Computing ( ISBN   0897919602 ), written by Christopher Morgan, with new photographs by Louis Fabian Bachrach . The book

1456-569: The Digital Library in celebration of the 75th anniversary of the organisation's founding. In 2020, ACM launched a major push to become a fully open access publisher by 2026. ACM restructured its pricing for the ACM Digital Library on the basis of publishing activity by affiliated lead authors in ACM's journals, magazines, and conference proceedings. Under this model, termed "ACM Open," institutions pay set fees for full access to ACM Digital Library contents as well as unlimited open access publishing by their affiliated authors. Authors not affiliated with

1512-856: The Fairmont Banff Springs Hotel, in Banff, Alberta, Canada, April 6–10, 2008. The World Finals was hosted by the University of Alberta. There were 100 teams in the World finals, out of 6700 total teams competing in the earlier rounds. The St. Petersburg Institute of Fine Mechanics and Optics won their second world championship. Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Izhevsk State Technical University , and Lviv National University also received gold medals. The 2009 ACM-ICPC World Finals were held in Stockholm, Sweden, April 18–22, at

1568-686: The Fifth University , Al Akhawayn University and Mundiapolis University . The final competition took place on May 20. 128 teams competed to be World Champion. Saint Petersburg ITMO emerged as the winner, having solved all problems (13) for the first time ever. Other medalists included teams from Russia (2G), China (1G, 1B, 1S), Japan (1G), the United States (1B, 1S), Croatia (1S), Czech Republic (1S), Korea (1B), and Poland (1B). Gold Silver Bronze The 2016 World Finals were held in Phuket ( Thailand ) during May 16–21. The final competition

1624-716: The IBM Tokyo Research Lab. Some 6,099 teams competed on six continents at the regional level. Eighty-eight teams advanced to the World Finals. Warsaw University won its second world championship, solving 8 of 10 problems. Gold Medal Winners were Warsaw University, Tsinghua University (China), St. Petersburg Institute of Fine Mechanics and Optics (Russia), and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (United States). Silver Medal Winners include Shanghai Jiao Tong University (China) and 3 other universities. The 2008 ACM-ICPC World Finals were held at

1680-672: The ICPC Policies and Procedures. From 1977 until 2017 ICPC was held under the auspices of ACM and was referred to as ACM-ICPC. The ICPC traces its roots to a competition held at Texas A&M University in 1970 hosted by the Alpha Chapter of the Upsilon Pi Epsilon Computer Science Honor Society (UPE). This initial programming competition was titled First Annual Texas Collegiate Programming Championship and each university

1736-613: The ICPC world finals. Participation in North America is much smaller than in the rest of the world, which is partially attributed to the perceived low payoff of participating. ICPC contests are team competitions. Current rules stipulate that each team consist of three students. Participants must be university students, who have had less than five years of university education before the contest. Students who have previously competed in two World Finals or five regional competitions are ineligible to compete again. During each contest,

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1792-587: The IEEE-CS. They occasionally cooperate on projects like developing computing curricula. ACM has also jointly sponsored on events with other professional organizations like the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM). In December 2019, the ACM co-signed a letter with over one hundred other publishers to President Donald Trump saying that an open access mandate would increase costs to taxpayers or researchers and hurt intellectual property . This

1848-813: The SIG Governing Board, and seven Members-At-Large. This institution is often referred to simply as "Council" in Communications of the ACM . ACM has numerous boards, committees, and task forces which run the organization: ACM-W , the ACM council on women in computing , supports, celebrates, and advocates internationally for the full engagement of women in computing. ACM–W's main programs are regional celebrations of women in computing, ACM-W chapters, and scholarships for women CS students to attend research conferences. In India and Europe these activities are overseen by ACM-W India and ACM-W Europe respectively. ACM-W collaborates with organizations such as

1904-548: The SIGs also have an annual conference. ACM conferences are often very popular publishing venues and are therefore very competitive. For example, SIGGRAPH 2007 attracted about 30000 attendees, while CIKM 2005 and RecSys 2022 had paper acceptance rates of only accepted 15% and 17% respectively. The ACM is a co–presenter and founding partner of the Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing (GHC) with

1960-561: The affected schools are allowed direct qualifications for ICPC 2018 besides the usual qualification spots. The winner was ITMO University . Teams of the following countries were awarded medals in ICPC 2017: Russia (2 Gold, 1 Silver, 1 Bronze), Poland (1 Gold), South Korea (1 Gold, 1 Bronze), China (3 Silver), Sweden (1 Bronze), Japan (1 Bronze). Gold Silver Bronze The 2018 World Finals were held in Beijing ( China ), during April 15–20, hosted by Peking University . Archived at

2016-684: The auspices of the ICPC Foundation which provides the ICPC Global Headquarters to service a globally-coordinated community whose events operate under agreements with host universities and non-profits to insure that participation in ICPC is open to qualified teams from every university in the world. See ICPC Policies and Procedures. The ICPC World Finals (The Annual World Finals of the International Collegiate Programming Contest)

2072-795: The campus of the hosting institution, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , as well as at the Grand Hotel, the Radisson Strand, and the Diplomat Hotel. There were 100 teams from over 200 regional sites competing for the World Championship. The St. Petersburg Institute of Fine Mechanics and Optics defended their title, winning their third world championship. Tsinghua University , St. Petersburg State University , and Saratov State University also received gold medals. The 2009 World Finals pioneered live video broadcasting of

2128-500: The cumulative time from "start" to "successful completion" determined first-, second-, and third-place winners. The programming language used was Fortran . The programs were written on coding sheets, keypunched on Hollerith cards , and submitted for execution. The University of Houston team won the competition completing all three problems successfully with time. The second- and third-place teams did not successfully complete all three problems. The contest evolved into its present form as

2184-842: The entire contest, featuring elements such as expert commentary, live feeds of teams and their computer screens and interviews with judges, coaches and dignitaries. The event was broadcast online, as well as by Swedish television channel Axess TV . The 2010 ACM-ICPC World Finals were held in Harbin , China. The host is Harbin Engineering University . Shanghai Jiao Tong University won the world championship. Moscow State University , National Taiwan University , and Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University also received gold medals. The 2011 ACM-ICPC World Finals were held in Orlando, Florida and hosted by main sponsor IBM . The contest

2240-868: The most by any University at the time. University of Warsaw , Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology , and Shanghai Jiao Tong University took 2nd, 3rd, and 4th place respectively each receiving gold medals. Russia(2G,1B) China(1G,1S) Poland(1G) United States(1S) Hong Kong(1S) Belarus(1S,1B) Canada(1B) Japan(1B) The 2013 World Finals were held in Saint Petersburg, Russia. They were inaugurated on 3 July and were hosted by NRU ITMO . 2013 top thirteen teams that received medals are: Japan(1G) Russia(1G,1S,2B) China(1G,1B) Taiwan(1G) Poland(1S,1B) Ukraine(1S) Belarus(1S) United States(1B) The 2014 World Finals were held in Ekaterinburg, Russia on June 21–25, hosted by Ural Federal University . The final competition

2296-456: The potential mandate. The statement did not significantly assuage criticism from ACM members. The SoCG conference , while originally an ACM conference, parted ways with ACM in 2014 because of problems when organizing conferences abroad. ACM International Collegiate Programming Contest The ICPC operates under the auspices of the ICPC Foundation and operates under agreements with host universities and non-profits, all in accordance with

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2352-554: The teams of three are given 5 hours to solve between eight and fifteen programming problems (with eight typical for regionals and twelve for finals). They must submit solutions as programs in C , C++ , Java , Ada , Python or Kotlin (although it is not guaranteed every problem is solvable in any certain language, the ICPC website states that "the judges will have solved all problems in Java and C++" for both regional and world finals competitions). Programs are then run on test data. If

2408-412: The topic of their expertise. The DSP is overseen by a committee ACM has three kinds of chapters: Special Interest Groups , Professional Chapters, and Student Chapters . As of 2022 , ACM has professional & SIG Chapters in 56 countries. As of 2022 , there exist ACM student chapters in 41 countries. ACM and its Special Interest Groups (SIGs) sponsors numerous conferences worldwide. Most of

2464-552: The total number of professional members, respectively. The ACM Fellows Program was established by Council of the Association for Computing Machinery in 1993 "to recognize and honor outstanding ACM members for their achievements in computer science and information technology and for their significant contributions to the mission of the ACM." There are 1,310 Fellows as of 2020 out of about 100,000 members. In 2006, ACM began recognizing two additional membership grades, one which

2520-586: The world finals. Saratov State University from Russia won, solving 6 of 10 problems. Gold medal winners were Saratov, Jagiellonian University (Poland), Altai State Technical University (Russia), University of Twente (The Netherlands). The 2007 ACM-ICPC World Finals were held at the Tokyo Bay Hilton, in Tokyo, Japan, March 12–16, 2007. The World Finals was hosted by the ACM Japan Chapter and

2576-595: The world finals. Shanghai Jiao Tong University won its second world title, with 8 of 10 problems solved. Gold medal winners were Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Moscow State University (Russia), St. Petersburg Institute of Fine Mechanics and Optics (Russia), and University of Waterloo (Canada). The 2006 ACM-ICPC World Finals were held in San Antonio , Texas , and hosted by Baylor University . 5,606 teams representing 1,733 universities from 84 countries competed in elimination rounds, with 83 of those teams proceeding to

2632-503: The worldwide ACM International Collegiate Programming Contest (ICPC), and has sponsored some other events such as the chess match between Garry Kasparov and the IBM Deep Blue computer. ACM publishes over 50 journals including the prestigious Journal of the ACM , and two general magazines for computer professionals, Communications of the ACM (also known as Communications or CACM ) and Queue . Other publications of

2688-478: Was called Distinguished Members. Distinguished Members (Distinguished Engineers, Distinguished Scientists, and Distinguished Educators) have at least 15 years of professional experience and 5 years of continuous ACM membership and "have made a significant impact on the computing field". In 2006 when the Distinguished Members first came out, one of the three levels was called "Distinguished Member" and

2744-744: Was changed about two years later to "Distinguished Educator". Those who already had the Distinguished Member title had their titles changed to one of the other three titles. List of Distinguished Members of the Association for Computing Machinery Also in 2006, ACM began recognizing Senior Members. According to the ACM, "The Senior Members Grade recognizes those ACM members with at least 10 years of professional experience and 5 years of continuous Professional Membership who have demonstrated performance through technical leadership, and technical or professional contributions". Senior membership also requires 3 letters of reference While not technically

2800-433: Was founded in 1961 at the University of Louisiana at Lafayette . Many of the SIGs, such as SIGGRAPH , SIGDA , SIGPLAN , SIGCSE and SIGCOMM , sponsor regular conferences, which have become famous as the dominant venue for presenting innovations in certain fields. The groups also publish a large number of specialized journals, magazines, and newsletters. ACM also sponsors other computer science related events such as

2856-457: Was held on June 25. 122 teams participated in the competition and St. Petersburg State University became the world champion. Following teams were awarded medals in ICPC 2014: Russia(2G,2B) China(1G,1S,1B) Taiwan(1G) Japan(1S) Poland(1S) Croatia(1S) Slovakia(1B) Gold Silver Bronze The 2015 World Finals were held in Marrakesh ( Morocco ) during May 16–21, hosted by Mohammed

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2912-419: Was in response to rumors that he was considering issuing an executive order that would require federally funded research be made freely available online immediately after being published. It is unclear how these rumors started. Many ACM members opposed the letter, leading ACM to issue a statement clarifying that they remained committed to open access, and they wanted to see communication with stakeholders about

2968-903: Was initially scheduled to be held in Sharm el-Sheikh , Egypt in February, but was moved due to the political instability associated with the Arab Spring . Zhejiang University took first place with the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, Tsinghua University , and Saint Petersburg State University taking 2nd, 3rd, and 4th respectively each receiving gold medals. China(2G) United States(1G) Russia(1G,2S,2B) Germany(1S) Ukraine(1S) Poland(1B) Canada(1B) The 2012 World Finals were held in Warsaw, Poland. They were inaugurated on 15 May and hosted by University of Warsaw . St. Petersburg Institute of Fine Mechanics and Optics won their fourth world championship,

3024-642: Was on May 19. 128 teams competed to be World Champion. The winners were Saint Petersburg State University , solving 11 out of 13 problems. The first runners-up were Shanghai Jiao Tong University, also solving 11 problems, but 7 minutes behind the winning team. Gold Silver Bronze The 2017 World Finals were held in Rapid City, South Dakota ( United States ) during May 20–25, hosted by Excellence in Computer Programming. Due to visa issue, several teams were unable to present onsite, in which

3080-405: Was represented by a team of up to five members. The computer used was a IBM System/360 model 65 which was one of the first machines with a DAT (Dynamic Address Translator aka "paging") system for accessing memory. Teams that participated included Texas A&M, Texas Tech, University of Houston, and five or six other Texas University / Colleges. There were three problems that had to be completed and

3136-751: Was then founded in 1947 under the name Eastern Association for Computing Machinery , which was changed the following year to the Association for Computing Machinery. The ACM History Committee since 2016 has published the A.M.Turing Oral History project, the ACM Key Award Winners Video Series, and the India Industry Leaders Video project. ACM is organized into over 180 local professional chapters and 38 Special Interest Groups (SIGs), through which it conducts most of its activities. Additionally, there are over 680 student chapters. The first student chapter

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