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72-1127: The Odell Glacier forms between the Allan Hills and the Coombs Hills, which contain Mount Brooke. To the southwest of its head are Hall Rock, Brandau Rocks and Carapace Nunatak. The glacier flows northeast past the Convoy Range to the Mawson Glacier. The United States set up an Antarctic field camp on the glacier during the summer of 2001 at 76°39′00″S 159°58′00″E  /  76.65000°S 159.96667°E  / -76.65000; 159.96667 . 76°13′00″S 160°16′00″E  /  76.2166667°S 160.2666667°E  / -76.2166667; 160.2666667 . A glacier that flows northwest between Coombs Hills and Wyandot Ridge to enter Odell Glacier. Named in association with nearby Wyandot Ridge after Captain R.K. Irving, U.S. Navy (USN), commander of USS Wyandot (AKA-92),

144-658: A United States Navy medical officer at McMurdo Station who treated an injured member of the expedition. 76°43′S 159°45′E  /  76.717°S 159.750°E  / -76.717; 159.750 . A valley on the southern side of Windwhistle Peak in the Allan Hills. The Allan Hills Expedition named it after the many journeys along its length. 76°44′S 159°47′E  /  76.733°S 159.783°E  / -76.733; 159.783 . An isolated ridge about 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) southeast of Trudge Valley. The Allan Hills Expedition found

216-726: A cargo ship in the Ross Sea Unit in Operation Deep Freeze IV, 1958-59. Download coordinates as: Features of the terrain around the glacier include: 76°47′S 160°00′E  /  76.783°S 160.000°E  / -76.783; 160.000 . An area of broken and largely snow-free hills and valleys between the Odell Glacier and Cambridge Glacier . Discovered in 1957 by the New Zealand Northern Survey Party of

288-593: A federal survey agency, in part to inventory the vast lands added to the United States by the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and the Mexican–American War in 1848. The USGS was authorized on March 3 in a last-minute amendment to an unrelated bill that charged the new agency with the "classification of the public lands, and examination of the geological structure, mineral resources, and products of

360-661: A fox because of the resemblance to fox country in parts of England. 76°43′S 159°35′E  /  76.717°S 159.583°E  / -76.717; 159.583 . A fossiliferous valley lying south of Shimmering Icefield and west of Mount Walters. The Allan Hills Expedition named it after Professor Otokar Feistmantel , who made pioneering studies of Gondwana flora. 76°43′S 159°23′E  /  76.717°S 159.383°E  / -76.717; 159.383 . Rock outcrops about 2.5 nautical miles (4.6 km; 2.9 mi) west of Gadarene Ridge. The Allan Hills Expedition named this feature for Lieutenant William A. Mixon,

432-449: A lack of accuracy and detail in comparison to older generation maps based on aerial photo surveys and field checks. As the digital databases were not designed for producing general-purpose maps, data integration can be a problem when retrieved from sources with different resolutions and collection dates. Human-made features once recorded by direct field observation are not in any public domain national database and are frequently omitted from

504-677: A new way to view their entire digitized collection of over 178,000 maps from 1884 to 2006. The site is an interactive map of the United States that allows users to search or move around the map to find the USGS collection of maps for a specific area. Users may then view the maps in great detail and download them if desired. In 2008 the USGS abandoned traditional methods of surveying, revising, and updating topographic maps based on aerial photography and field checks. Today's U.S. Topo quadrangle (1:24,000) maps are mass-produced, using automated and semiautomated processes, with cartographic content supplied from

576-410: A non-metric scale virtually unique to the United States. Each of these maps covers an area bounded by two lines of latitude and two lines of longitude spaced 7.5 minutes apart. Nearly 57,000 individual maps in this series cover the 48 contiguous states , Hawaii , U.S. territories , and areas of Alaska near Anchorage , Fairbanks , and Prudhoe Bay . The area covered by each map varies with

648-846: A number of water-related programs, notably the National Streamflow Information Program and National Water-Quality Assessment Program. USGS Water data is publicly available from their National Water Information System database. The USGS also operates the National Wildlife Health Center , whose mission is "to serve the nation and its natural resources by providing sound science and technical support, and to disseminate information to promote science-based decisions affecting wildlife and ecosystem health. The NWHC provides information, technical assistance, research, education, and leadership on national and international wildlife health issues." It

720-684: A result, some have noted that the U.S. Topo maps currently fall short of traditional topographic map presentation standards achieved in maps drawn from 1945 to 1992. The Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility (HIF) has four sections within its organizational structure; the Field Services Section which includes the warehouse, repair shop, and Engineering Unit; the Testing Section which includes the Hydraulic Laboratory, testing chambers, and Water Quality Laboratory;

792-478: A towing tank, jet tank, pipe flow facility, and tilting flume. In addition, the HIF provides training and technical support for the equipment it stocks. The Engineering Group seeks out new technology and designs for instrumentation that can work more efficiently, be more accurate, and or be produced at a lower cost than existing instrumentation. HIF works directly with vendors to help them produce products that will meet

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864-644: A variety of USGS Report Series that include preliminary results, maps, data, and final results. A complete catalog of all USGS publications is available from the USGS Publications Warehouse. In the mid-1800s, various states set up geological survey institutions; e.g., the Kentucky Geological Survey , established in 1854. In 1879, a report from the National Academy of Sciences prompted Congress to set up

936-514: Is a partnership-driven program that teams scientific researchers with natural and cultural resource managers to help fish, wildlife, waters, and lands across the country adapt to climate change . The National CASC (NCASC), based at USGS headquarters in Reston, Virginia, serves as the national office for the CASC network, while eight regional CASCs made up of federal-university consortiums located across

1008-483: Is mapped at this scale in quadrangles measuring 1° by 1°. USGS topographic quadrangle maps are marked with grid lines and tics around the map collar which make it possible to identify locations on the map by several methods, including the graticule measurements of longitude and latitude, the township and section method within the Public Land Survey System , and cartesian coordinates in both

1080-529: Is the agency primarily responsible for surveillance of H5N1 avian influenza outbreaks in the United States. The USGS also runs 17 biological research centers in the United States, including the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center . The USGS is investigating collaboration with the social networking site Twitter to allow for more rapid construction of ShakeMaps. ShakeMaps are an interactive tool allowing users to visually observe

1152-653: The Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition (CTAE) (1956-58) and named by them for Doug Coombs , professor of geology at the University of Otago, New Zealand, who assisted the expedition in obtaining essential petrological equipment. 76°49′S 159°54′E  /  76.817°S 159.900°E  / -76.817; 159.900 . A large isolated mountain, 2,675 metres (8,776 ft) high, standing 17 nautical miles (31 km; 20 mi) northwest of Mount Gran and dominating

1224-504: The New Zealand Antarctic Research Programme (NZARP) Allan Hills Expedition (1964), who named the rocks for Lieutenant Commander James F. Brandau, United States Navy, helicopter pilot who made a difficult rescue flight to evacuate an injured member of the expedition. 76°53′S 159°24′E  /  76.883°S 159.400°E  / -76.883; 159.400 . A prominent isolated nunatak,

1296-599: The State Plane Coordinate System and the Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system . Other specialty maps have been produced by the USGS at a variety of scales. These include county maps, maps of special interest areas, such as the national parks , and areas of scientific interest. A number of Internet sites have made these maps available on the web for affordable commercial and professional use. Because works of

1368-634: The UCERF California earthquake forecast. As of 2005, the agency is working to create a National Volcano Early Warning System by improving the instrumentation monitoring the 169 volcanoes in U.S. territory and by establishing methods for measuring the relative threats posed at each site. The USGS also operates five volcano observatories throughout the nation: the Alaska Volcano Observatory in Anchorage, Alaska (on

1440-683: The United States Geological Survey . Allan Hills The Allan Hills ( 76°42′S 159°42′E  /  76.700°S 159.700°E  / -76.700; 159.700 ) are a group of hills, mainly ice free and about 12 nautical miles (22 km; 14 mi) long, lying just north-west of the Coombs Hills near the heads of Mawson Glacier and Mackay Glacier in the Oates Land and Victoria Land regions of Antarctica. The Allan Hills were mapped by

1512-552: The United States Geological Survey . United States Geological Survey The United States Geological Survey ( USGS ), founded as the Geological Survey , is an agency of the U.S. Department of the Interior whose work spans the disciplines of biology , geography , geology , and hydrology . The agency was founded on March 3, 1879, to study the landscape of the United States, its natural resources , and

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1584-570: The magnetic field at magnetic observatories and distributes magnetometer data in real time. The USGS collaborates with Canadian and Mexican government scientists, along with the Commission for Environmental Cooperation , to produce the North American Environmental Atlas , which is used to depict and track environmental issues for a continental perspective. The USGS operates the streamgaging network for

1656-787: The natural hazards that threaten it. The agency also makes maps of extraterrestrial planets and moons based on data from U.S. space probes . The sole scientific agency of the U.S. Department of the Interior, USGS is a fact-finding research organization with no regulatory responsibility. It is headquartered in Reston, Virginia , with major offices near Lakewood, Colorado ; at the Denver Federal Center ; and in NASA Ames Research Park in California. In 2009, it employed about 8,670 people. The current motto of

1728-442: The 15-minute series, was once used to map the contiguous 48 states at a scale of 1:62,500 for maps covering the continental United States, but was discontinued during the last quarter of the twentieth century. Each map was bounded by two parallels and two meridians spaced 15 minutes apart—the same area covered by four maps in the 7.5-minute series. The 15-minute series, at a scale of 1:63,360 (one inch representing one mile), remains

1800-566: The 1981–82 field season in the Middle Western Icefield. The Martian meteorite ALHA 77005 was collected in 1977 at Allan Hills, while ALH 84001 was collected on the Allan Hills Far Western Icefield during the 1984–85 season. ALH 84001, arguably the most famous meteorite from Allan Hills, was found in 1996 to have features in the likeness of microscopic fossils of bacteria which suggested

1872-439: The 30 x 60-minute quadrangle series. Each of these quadrangles covers the area contained within 32 maps in the 7.5-minute series. The 1:100,000 scale series is unusual in that it primarily employs the metric system . One centimeter on the map represents one kilometer of distance on the ground. Contour intervals , spot elevations, and horizontal distances are also specified in meters. The final regular quadrangle series produced by

1944-410: The Allan Hills. The Allan Hills Expedition named it after the dialect name for a badger because of the resemblance to badger country in parts of England. 76°43′S 159°42′E  /  76.717°S 159.700°E  / -76.717; 159.700 . A valley about 0.7 nautical miles (1.3 km; 0.81 mi) west of Brock Gully. The Allan Hills Expedition named it after the dialect name for

2016-980: The Information Technology Section which includes computer support and the Drafting Unit; and the Administrative Section. The HIF was given national responsibility for the design, testing, evaluation, repair, calibration, warehousing, and distribution of hydrologic instrumentation. Distribution is accomplished by direct sales and through a rental program. The HIF supports data collection activities through centralized warehouse and laboratory facilities. The HIF warehouse provides hydrologic instruments, equipment, and supplies for USGS as well as Other Federal Agencies (OFA) and USGS Cooperators. The HIF also tests, evaluates, repairs, calibrates, and develops hydrologic equipment and instruments. The HIF Hydraulic Laboratory facilities include

2088-580: The NZARP Allan Hills Expedition, 1964, who gave the name after a similarly shaped peak in the Hokonui Hills, New Zealand. 76°42′S 159°33′E  /  76.700°S 159.550°E  / -76.700; 159.550 . A ridge extending southward from Ship Cone. Reconnoitered by the NZARP Allan Hills Expedition (1964) who gave the name because of the swine-backed appearance of the feature in profile. Features along

2160-523: The National GIS Database. In the two years from June 2009 to May 2011, the USGS produced nearly 40,000 maps, more than 80 maps per work day. Only about two hours of interactive work are spent on each map, mostly on text placement and final inspection; there are essentially no field checks or field inspections to confirm map details. While much less expensive to compile and produce, the revised digital U.S. topo maps have been criticized for

2232-698: The New Zealand party (1957–58) of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition and named for Professor R. S. Allan of the University of Canterbury , New Zealand . Allan Hills is referred to as the Allan Nunatak , and mapped north of Carapace Nunatak , in the memoirs of the Scott Base Leader Adrian Hayter . Both names are in the USGS listing. Allan Hills lie to the north of Odell Glacier , facing Coombs Hills to

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2304-877: The Permian Weller Formation outcrops. Along the Shipton Ridge, the Triassic Feather Formation lies next to the Weller, followed by the Triassic Lashley Formation, which continues from Halle Flat and Roscolyn Tor, through Toltec Butte, until the northerly end of the ridge at Lavallee Point. Ferrar Dolerite is exposed at Coxcomb Peak. Along the Tilman Ridge, the Feather and Lashley formations outcrop along

2376-680: The Shipton Ridge. The Allan Hills Expedition named the feature for its resemblance to buildings of the civilization of the same name. 76°39′S 159°50′E  /  76.650°S 159.833°E  / -76.650; 159.833 . A prominent rock feature east of Halle Flat. The Allan Hills Expedition named it because of the resemblance to a pre-Roman earthwork named Maiden Castle in Dorsetshire, England. 76°40′S 159°50′E  /  76.667°S 159.833°E  / -76.667; 159.833 . A relatively flat area just southward of Coxcomb Peak. The Allan Hills Expedition gave

2448-459: The Shipton and Tilman Ridges. Reconnoitered by the NZARP Allan Hills Expedition (1964) who gave the name because of its frequently nacreous luster when viewed against the sun. 76°40′S 159°35′E  /  76.667°S 159.583°E  / -76.667; 159.583 . A conical peak 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) south of Townrow Peak on the Tilman Ridge. Reconnoitered by

2520-725: The U.S. Department of the Interior Unified Interior Regions: USGS operates and organizes within a number of specific science programs, facilities, and other organizational units: The Earthquake Hazards Program monitors earthquake activity worldwide. The National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) in Golden, Colorado , on the campus of the Colorado School of Mines detects the location and magnitude of global earthquakes. The USGS also runs or supports several regional monitoring networks in

2592-473: The U.S. government are in the public domain , it is also possible to find many of these maps for free at various locations on the Internet. Georeferenced map images are available from the USGS as digital raster graphics (DRGs) in addition to digital data sets based on USGS maps, notably digital line graphs (DLGs) and digital elevation models (DEMs). In 2015, the USGS unveiled the topoView website,

2664-726: The U.S., U.S. Pacific Islands, and U.S. Caribbean deliver science that addresses resource management priorities of the states within their footprints. Since 1962, the Astrogeology Research Program has been involved in global, lunar , and planetary exploration and mapping . In collaboration with Stanford University , the USGS also operates the USGS-Stanford Ion Microprobe Laboratory, a world-class analytical facility for U-(Th)-Pb geochronology and trace element analyses of minerals and other earth materials. USGS operates

2736-875: The USGS Center for Coastal Geology) has three sites, one for the Atlantic Ocean (located in Woods Hole, Massachusetts ), one for the Pacific Ocean (located in Santa Cruz, California ) and one for the Gulf of Mexico (located on the University of South Florida's St. Petersburg campus). The goal of this department is to conduct research in geology, mapping, hydrology, biology, and related sciences; evaluate hazards associated with floods, droughts, hurricanes, subsidence, human activity, and climate change; map

2808-474: The USGS is the 1:250,000 scale topographic series. Each of these quadrangles in the conterminous United States measures 1 degree of latitude by 2 degrees of longitude. This series was produced by the U.S.  Army Map Service in the 1950s, prior to the maps in the larger-scale series, and consists of 489 sheets, each covering an area ranging from 8,218 square miles (21,285 km ) at 30° north to 6,222 square miles (16,115 km ) at 49° north. Hawaii

2880-520: The USGS to rely on donations of time by civilian volunteers in an attempt to update its 7.5-minute topographic map series, and USGS stated outright in 2000 that the program was to be phased out in favor of The National Map (not to be confused with the National Atlas of the United States produced by the Department of the Interior , one of whose bureaus is USGS). An older series of maps,

2952-569: The USGS, in use since August 1997, is "science for a changing world". The agency's previous slogan, adopted on its hundredth anniversary, was "Earth Science in the Public Service". Since 2012, the USGS science focus has been directed at topical "Mission Areas" that have continued to evolve. Further organizational structure includes headquarters functions, geographic regions, science and support programs, science centers, labs, and other facilities. The USGS regional organization aligns with

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3024-494: The United States under the umbrella of the Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS). The USGS informs authorities, emergency responders, the media, and the public, both domestic and worldwide, about significant earthquakes. It maintains long-term archives of earthquake data for scientific and engineering research. It also conducts and supports research on long-term seismic hazards . USGS has released

3096-912: The United States, with over 7400 streamgages . Real-time streamflow data are available online. As part of the Water Resources Research Act of 1984, the State Water Resources Research Act Program created a Water Resources Research Institute (WRRI) in each state, along with Washington DC, Puerto Rico, the US Virgin Islands, and Guam. Together, these institutes make up the National Institutes for Water Resources (NIWR). The institutes focus on water-related issues through research, training and collaboration. The National and regional Climate Adaptation Science Centers (CASCs)

3168-479: The adjacent Odell Glacier is named. 76°37′S 159°50′E  /  76.617°S 159.833°E  / -76.617; 159.833 . The northernmost point of Shipton Ridge in the Allan Hills. The Allan Hills Expedition named the point after Lieutenant Lavallee, United States Navy, who assisted in establishing the expedition in the Allan Hills. 76°37′S 159°49′E  /  76.617°S 159.817°E  / -76.617; 159.817 . A valley at

3240-453: The area near the heads of Mackay Glacier and Mawson Glacier . Named for Lieutenant Commander F.R. Brooke, Royal Navy, leader of the 1957 New Zealand Northern Survey Party of the CTAE, 1956-58. 76°51′S 159°20′E  /  76.850°S 159.333°E  / -76.850; 159.333 . A large rock located 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) northwest of Carapace Nunatak at

3312-1200: The campus of Alaska Pacific University ), the California Volcano Observatory in Menlo Park, California , the Cascades Volcano Observatory (covering volcanoes in Idaho , Oregon , and Washington ) in Vancouver, Washington , the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory in Hilo, Hawaii , and the Yellowstone Volcano Observatory (covering volcanoes in Arizona , Colorado , Montana , New Mexico , Utah , and Wyoming ) in Yellowstone National Park , Wyoming. The USGS Coastal and Marine Science Center (formerly

3384-422: The continental United States, though only for use by members of its defense forces). The next-smallest topographic series, in terms of scale, is the 1:100,000 series. These maps are bounded by two lines of longitude and two lines of latitude. However, in this series, the lines of latitude are spaced 30 minutes apart and the lines of longitude are spaced 60 minutes, which is the source of another name for these maps;

3456-420: The distribution and severity of Shaking resulting from Earthquakes. The USGS produces several national series of topographic maps which vary in scale and extent, with some wide gaps in coverage, notably the complete absence of 1:50,000 scale topographic maps or their equivalent. The largest (both in terms of scale and quantity) and best-known topographic series is the 7.5-minute, 1:24,000 scale, quadrangle ,

3528-613: The edge of the Antarctic Plateau . Named by the United States Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for geologist Bradford A. Hall who, with Harold W. Borns, did research on the so-called Mawson Tillite in this vicinity, 1968-69. 76°53′S 159°20′E  /  76.883°S 159.333°E  / -76.883; 159.333 . Rock exposures 0.5 nautical miles (0.93 km; 0.58 mi) west of Carapace Nunatak. Reconnoitered by

3600-471: The expedition was conceived and organized, but who only participated in the expedition for part of the time because of an accident. 76°41′S 159°45′E  /  76.683°S 159.750°E  / -76.683; 159.750 . A dolerite point projecting into Shimmering Icefield from the western side of Shipton Ridge. The Allan Hills Expedition named it after a similar dolerite feature, Dennes Point on Bruny Island, Tasmania. Named features along

3672-463: The feature in profile. 76°38′S 159°52′E  /  76.633°S 159.867°E  / -76.633; 159.867 . A valley just east of Coxcomb Peak. The Allan Hills Expedition gave the name after Professor Thomas Maxwell Harris who has made outstanding contributions to Mesozoic paleobotany. 76°38′S 159°53′E  /  76.633°S 159.883°E  / -76.633; 159.883 . A truncated peak east of Harris Valley in

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3744-537: The feature to be continually shrouded in drifting snow and named it after the land of the Scythians which, according to the Romans, had this peculiarity in common. 76°44′S 159°38′E  /  76.733°S 159.633°E  / -76.733; 159.633 . A massive peak westward of Scythian Nunatak. The Allan Hills Expedition named it after W.A. Watters, a geologist with the expedition. 76°46′S 159°29′E  /  76.767°S 159.483°E  / -76.767; 159.483 . The highest peak at

3816-455: The geology of the area. 76°38′S 159°35′E  /  76.633°S 159.583°E  / -76.633; 159.583 . A prominent outlier of the Tilman Ridge. Reconnoitered by the NZARP Allan Hills Expedition (1964) and named after J.A. Townrow of the University of Tasmania, palaeobotanist with the expedition. 76°39′S 159°44′E  /  76.650°S 159.733°E  / -76.650; 159.733 . An icefield between

3888-483: The highly controversial claim that there was once life on Mars , leading to Bill Clinton making a speech about the meteorite and its implications if the hypothesis were confirmed. Later, the microscopic features had been able to be explained via means not requiring life to be present, leading to a majority of the scientific community rejecting this hypothesis. The Jurassic Mawson Formation outcrops from Ballance Point until where these two ridges come together, and

3960-453: The ice patch north of the Mackay Glacier was a low-lying, roughly Y-shaped ridge called Allan Hills." During his second collecting season, Cassidy camped at what he called the Allan Hills Main Icefield, "a major concentration of meteorites," and made reconnaissance visits to nearby ice patches, Allan Hills Near Western, Allan Hills Middle Western and Allan Hills Far Western Icefields. They collected their first lunar meteorite, ALHA 81005 , during

4032-488: The latitude of its represented location due to convergence of the meridians. At lower latitudes, near 30° north, a 7.5-minute quadrangle contains an area of about 64 square miles (166 km ). At 49° north latitude, 49 square miles (127 km ) are contained within a quadrangle of that size. As a unique non-metric map scale, the 1:24,000 scale naturally requires a separate and specialized romer scale for plotting map positions. In recent years, budget constraints have forced

4104-477: The mission needs of the USGS. For instrument needs not currently met by a vendor, the Engineering Group designs, tests, and issues contracts to have HIF-designed equipment made. Sometimes HIF will patent a new design in the hope that instrument vendors will buy the rights and mass-produce the instrument at a lower cost to everyone. USGS researchers publish the results of their science in a variety of ways, including peer-reviewed scientific journals as well as in one of

4176-426: The most westerly near the head of Mackay Glacier, standing 8 nautical miles (15 km; 9.2 mi) southwest of Mount Brooke where it is visible for a considerable distance from many directions. So named by the New Zealand party of the CTAE (1956-58) because of the carapaces of small crustaceans found in the rocks. [REDACTED]  This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of

4248-422: The name after Thore Gustaf Halle, whose pioneering work (1913) on Antarctic fossil plants forms part of the scientific reports on Otto Nordenskjöld 's Swedish Antarctic Expedition of 1901-04. 76°41′S 159°52′E  /  76.683°S 159.867°E  / -76.683; 159.867 . A high rock peak southeast of Halle Flat. The Allan Hills Expedition named it after Guyon Warren, from whose initiative

4320-485: The name after W.H. Tilman, a mountaineering associate of Shipton and Odell, after whom the nearby Shipton Ridge and Odell Glacier are named. 76°36′S 159°35′E  /  76.600°S 159.583°E  / -76.600; 159.583 . The northernmost point on Tilman Ridge, the northwestern arm of the Allan Hills. Reconnoitered by the NZARP Allan Hills Expedition, 1964, and named after Marie Slopes, authority on Carboniferous palaeobotany, and hence associated with

4392-508: The name after a similar feature in Anglesey, Wales. 76°42′S 159°46′E  /  76.700°S 159.767°E  / -76.700; 159.767 . A square sandstone peak south of Punchbowl Cirque. The Allan Hills Expedition so named the peak because of the peculiar behavior of the wind in its vicinity. 77°43′S 159°44′E  /  77.717°S 159.733°E  / -77.717; 159.733 . A valley 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) south of Windwhistle Peak in

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4464-465: The newest generation digital topo maps, including windmills, mines and mineshafts, water tanks, fence lines, survey marks, parks, recreational trails, buildings, boundaries, pipelines, telephone lines, power transmission lines, and even railroads. Additionally, the digital map's use of existing software may not properly integrate different feature classes or prioritize and organize text in areas of crowded features, obscuring important geographic details. As

4536-499: The north of Shipton Ridge, from north to south, were reconnoitered and given names by the New Zealand Antarctic Research Programme (NZARP) Allan Hills Expedition, 1964. They include: 76°40′S 159°51′E  /  76.667°S 159.850°E  / -76.667; 159.850 . The main ridge forming the northeastern arm of the Allan Hills. The Allan Hills Expedition named it after Eric Shipton, Himalayan mountaineer, because of his association with Professor N.E. Odell, for whom

4608-414: The northern end of Shipton Ridge, east of Kirkcaldy Spur. The Allan Hills Expedition named it after Doctor Edna P. Plumstead for her work on Glossopteris fossils, especially those from Antarctica. 76°38′S 159°48′E  /  76.633°S 159.800°E  / -76.633; 159.800 . A rock spur to the north of Coxcomb Peak in northern Shipton Ridge, Allan Hills, Victoria Land. The spur

4680-414: The northwest Tilman Ridge and the northeast Shipton Ridge. According to William A. Cassidy , describing the 1976–1977 ANSMET meteorite collecting season, "Looking across the Mackay Glacier at the great sky-blue patches of ice beyond Mount Brooke , we were looking for the first time at ice that had a tremendous upstream collecting area. We were looking at Meteorite Heaven... The closest mapped feature to

4752-469: The onshore and offshore geologic framework; assess mineral resources and develop techniques for their discovery; assess water resources and develop an understanding of the impact of human activities and natural phenomena on hydrologic systems; assess links between biodiversity, habitat condition, ecosystem processes and health; and develop new technologies for collection and interpretation of earth science data. The USGS National Geomagnetism Program monitors

4824-428: The primary topographic quadrangle for the state of Alaska (and only for that particular state). Nearly 3,000 maps cover 97% of the state. The United States remains virtually the only developed country in the world without a standardized civilian topographic map series in the standard 1:25,000 or 1:50,000 metric scales, making coordination difficult in border regions (the U.S. military does issue 1:50,000 scale topo maps of

4896-437: The ridge at Ship Cone and Townrow Peak respectively, but the Jurassic Ferrar Dolerite outcrops at Stopes Point, the end of the ridge. Download coordinates as: Features of the Tilman Ridge include: 76°40′S 159°35′E  /  76.667°S 159.583°E  / -76.667; 159.583 . A ridge forming the northwestern arm of the Allan Hills. Reconnoitered by the NZARP Allan Hills Expedition (1964) who gave

4968-589: The south of Shipton Ridge, from north to south, include: 76°42′S 159°47′E  /  76.700°S 159.783°E  / -76.700; 159.783 . A cirque in the southern part of Shipton Ridge, about 0.5 nautical miles (0.93 km; 0.58 mi) southwest of Roscolyn Tor. The Allan Hills Expedition gave the descriptive name. 76°42′S 159°50′E  /  76.700°S 159.833°E  / -76.700; 159.833 . A high sandstone feature about 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) southwest of Warren Peak. The Allan Hills Expedition gave

5040-420: The south of the glacier. They are west of the Convoy Range , south of Battlements Nunatak and east of the Antarctic Plateau . Allan Hills are in the shape of the letter "Y", with the open end pointing roughly northwards, and encompassing the Shimmering Icefield. The southern end of the Y starts at Ballance Peak and proceeds northward, encompassing the Feistmantel Valley and Mount Watters, before it splits into

5112-490: The southern end of the Allan Hills. The Allan Hills Expedition named it for P.P. Ballance, a geologist with the expedition. 76°47′S 159°33′E  /  76.783°S 159.550°E  / -76.783; 159.550 . A long, low ridge extending eastward from Ballance Peak. The Allan Hills Expedition named to for Ivan MacDonald, field assistant with the expedition. [REDACTED]  This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of

5184-482: Was named by the Allan Hills Expedition after John Francis Kirkaldy (1908-90) Professor of Geology, Queen Mary College, London. 76°38′S 159°49′E  /  76.633°S 159.817°E  / -76.633; 159.817 . A dolerite elevation which overlooks the south end of Plumstead Valley in the Allan Hills. The Allan Hills Expedition gave the name because of the jaunty appearance of

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