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69-484: Ogden Canyon is a canyon in the Wasatch Range in eastern Weber County , Utah , United States, just east of Ogden . Ogden Canyon is a roughly 6 miles (9.7 km) long canyon with a series of smaller side canyons in the Wasatch Range . It was carved by the 35 miles (56 km) long Ogden River . The city of Ogden is at the western end of the canyon, and Pineview Dam is on the eastern end. Ogden Canyon

138-547: A linguistic substrate . Particularly significant has been the influence of Nahuatl , especially in the lexicon . However, while in the vocabulary its influence is undeniable, it is hardly felt in the grammar field. In the lexicon, in addition to the words that originated from Mexico with which the Spanish language has been enriched, such as tomate "tomato", hule "rubber", tiza "chalk", chocolate "chocolate", coyote "coyote", petaca "flask", et cetera;

207-736: A Mexican Spanish "macro-dialect". The small amount of Philippine Spanish has traditionally been influenced by Mexican Spanish, as the colony was initially administered from Mexico City before being administered directly from Madrid . Chavacano , a Spanish-based creole language in the Philippines, is based on Mexican Spanish. To outsiders, the accents of nearby Spanish-speaking countries in northern Central America, such as El Salvador and Guatemala , might sound similar to those spoken in Mexico, especially in central and southern Mexico. The Spanish of Mexico has had various indigenous languages as

276-460: A female with large feet ( patas ). It is common to replace /s/ with /tʃ/ to form diminutives, e.g. I sabel → Chabela , Jo sé Ma ría → Chema , Ce r ve za ("beer") → Chela / Cheve , Conc epción → Conchita , Sin Muela s ("without molars") → Chimuela ("toothless"). This is common in, but not exclusive to, Mexican Spanish. Typical of Mexican Spanish

345-537: A merger of -ir and -er verb conjugations such that 'we live' is vivemos instead of vivimos , verb roots other than haiga (instead of haya ) with non-standard /g/ such as creigo 'I believe' for creo , an accent shift in the first person plural subjunctive forms váyamos instead of vayamos 'we go', and a shift from -mos to -nos in proparoxytonic third person singular verb forms ( cantaríanos instead of cantaríamos 'we sing'). These same verb forms are also found in

414-476: A single segment, it would have been pronounced quicker than the other clusters. In addition to the usual voiceless fricatives of other American Spanish dialects ( /f/ , /s/ , /x/ ), Mexican Spanish also has the palatal sibilant /ʃ/ , mostly in words from indigenous languages—especially place names. The /ʃ/ , represented orthographically as ⟨x⟩ , is commonly found in words of Nahuatl or Mayan origin, such as Xola [ˈʃola] (a station in

483-404: Is a deep cleft between escarpments or cliffs resulting from weathering and the erosive activity of a river over geologic time scales . Rivers have a natural tendency to cut through underlying surfaces, eventually wearing away rock layers as sediments are removed downstream. A river bed will gradually reach a baseline elevation, which is the same elevation as the body of water into which

552-401: Is a defective dative clitic; instead of working as an indirect object pronoun, it modifies the verb. An effect of the modification is the intransitive of the transitive verbs that appear with this -le defective (ex. moverle "to move" it is not mover algo para alguien "to move something for someone" but hacer la acción de mover "to make the action of moving"). This intensifier use

621-535: Is a particular grammatical feature of the Mexican Spanish variant. In any case, it should not be confused the use of -le as verbal modifier, with the different uses of the pronouns of indirect object (dative) in the classical Spanish, as these are thoroughly used to indicate in particular the case genitive and the ethical dative. In what is considered one of the founding documents of the Spanish language,

690-579: Is actually 1 km wider than the Grand Canyon, making it the widest canyon in the world. Some canyons have notable cultural significance. Evidence of archaic humans has been discovered in Africa's Olduvai Gorge . In the southwestern United States, canyons are important archeologically because of the many cliff-dwellings built in such areas, largely by the ancient Pueblo people who were their first inhabitants. The following list contains only

759-732: Is also used, as in other Spanish-speaking countries); papalote "kite" < Nahuatl pāpālōtl [paːˈpaːloːt͡ɬ] "butterfly"; and jitomate "tomato" < Nahuatl xītomatl [ʃiːˈtomat͡ɬ] . For a more complete list see List of Spanish words of Nahuatl origin . Other expressions that are common in colloquial Mexican Spanish include: Most of the words above are considered informal (e.g. chavo(a) , padre , güero , etc.), rude ( güey , naco , ¿cómo (la) ves? , etc.) or vulgar (e.g. chingadera , pinche , pedo ) and are limited to slang use among friends or in informal settings; foreigners need to exercise caution in their use. In 2009, at an audience for

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828-427: Is an ellipsis of the negative particle no in a main clause introduced by an adverbial clause with hasta que : In this kind of construction, the main verb is implicitly understood as being negated. Mexico shares with many other areas of Spanish America the use of interrogative qué in conjunction with the quantifier tan(to) : It has been suggested that there is influence of indigenous languages on

897-537: Is great variation in intonation patterns from region to region within Mexico. For instance, the Spanish of northern Mexico, including the traditional Spanish of New Mexico, is characterized by its own distinct set of intonation patterns. Regarding the evolution of the Spanish spoken in Mexico, the Swedish linguist Bertil Malmberg points out that in Central Mexican Spanish—unlike most varieties in

966-720: Is named for the Ogden River, which was named for Peter Skene Ogden , a 19th-century Canadian fur trader and explorer. The first road through Ogden Canyon was built by Lorin Farr and Isaac Goodale. A toll gate was established in 1860, and from 1865 to 1882 was operated by the Ogden Canyon Road Company. It became a public road in 1882. A lime kiln was built in Ogden Canyon in 1865 to provide lime mortar for pioneer construction. Restoration of this kiln

1035-529: Is no Spanish word; mezquite "mesquite", zapote "sapota", jícama "jicama", ixtle "ixtle", cenzontle "mockingbird", tuza "husk", pozole , tamales , huacal "crate", comal "hotplate", huipil "embroidered blouse", metate "stone for grinding", etc. The strength of the Nahuatl substrate influence is felt less each day, since there are no new contributions. The influence of Nahuatl on phonology seems restricted to

1104-466: Is not a real pronoun of indirect object, since it is still used in non-verbal constructions, such as hijo "son" -> híjo le "damn", ahora "now" -> óra le "wow"," ¿que hubo? " "what's up?" -> quihúbo le "how's it going?", etc. Although the suffix -le hypothesis as influence of Nahuatl has been widely questioned; Navarro Ibarra (2009) finds another explanation about -le intensifying character. The author warns that it

1173-420: Is not distinguished from /s/ . Thus, casa 'house' and caza 'hunt' are homophones. Present in most of the interior of Mexico is the preservation, or absence of debuccalization , of syllable-final /s/ . The fact that the areas with the strongest preservation of final /s/ are also those with the most frequent unstressed vowel reduction gives the sibilant /s/ a special prominence in these dialects. On

1242-676: Is occasionally used in the United Kingdom . In South Africa, kloof (in Krantzkloof Nature Reserve ) is used along with canyon (as in Blyde River Canyon ) and gorge (in Oribi Gorge ). Most canyons were formed by a process of long-time erosion from a plateau or table-land level. The cliffs form because harder rock strata that are resistant to erosion and weathering remain exposed on

1311-510: Is often assimilated to /w/ . Speakers from the Yucatán, especially men or those who are older, often pronounce the voiceless stops /p, t, k/ with aspiration . Like most Spanish dialects and varieties, Mexican Spanish has five vowels: close unrounded front /i/ , close rounded back /u/ , mid unrounded front /e/ , mid rounded back /o/ , and open unrounded /a/ . A striking feature of Mexican Spanish, particularly that of central Mexico,

1380-599: Is similarly imprecise, especially if one includes mountain canyons, as well as canyons cut through relatively flat plateaus (which have a somewhat well-defined rim elevation). The Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon (or Tsangpo Canyon), along the Yarlung Tsangpo River in Tibet , is regarded by some as the deepest canyon on Earth at 5,500 metres (18,000 ft). It is slightly longer than the Grand Canyon in

1449-598: Is soluble to a certain extent, cave systems form in the rock. When a cave system collapses, a canyon is left, as in the Mendip Hills in Somerset and Yorkshire Dales in Yorkshire , England. A box canyon is a small canyon that is generally shorter and narrower than a river canyon, with steep walls on three sides, allowing access and egress only through the mouth of the canyon. Box canyons were frequently used in

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1518-644: Is the Fish River Canyon in Namibia . In August 2013, the discovery of Greenland 's Grand Canyon was reported, based on the analysis of data from Operation IceBridge . It is located under an ice sheet. At 750 kilometres (470 mi) long, it is believed to be the longest canyon in the world. Despite not being quite as deep or long as the Grand Canyon, the Capertee Valley in Australia

1587-401: Is the high rate of reduction , which can involve shortening and centralization , devoicing , or both, and even elision of unstressed vowels, as in [ˈtɾasts] ( trastes , 'cooking utensils'). This process is most frequent when a vowel is in contact with the phoneme /s/ , so that /s/ + vowel + /s/ is the construction when the vowel is most frequently affected. It can be the case that

1656-586: The /t/ and /l/ in such a sequence in the same syllable, a trait shared with the Spanish of the rest of Latin America, that of the Canary Islands, and the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula, including Bilbao and Galicia. This includes words of Greek and Latin origin with ⟨tl⟩ such as Atlántico and atleta . In contrast, in most of Spain, the /t/ would form part of

1725-687: The Alps , the Himalayas or the Andes . Usually, a river or stream carves out such splits between mountains. Examples of mountain-type canyons are Provo Canyon in Utah or Yosemite Valley in California's Sierra Nevada . Canyons within mountains, or gorges that have an opening on only one side, are called box canyons. Slot canyons are very narrow canyons that often have smooth walls. Steep-sided valleys in

1794-559: The Mexico City Metro ). The spelling ⟨x⟩ can additionally represent the phoneme /x/ (also mostly in place names), as in México itself ( /ˈmexiko/ ); or /s/ , as in the place name Xochimilco —as well as the /ks/ sequence (in words of Greco-Latin origin, such as anexar /anekˈsar/ ), which is common to all varieties of Spanish. In many Nahuatl words in which ⟨x⟩ originally represented [ʃ] ,

1863-539: The Spanish language spoken in the United Mexican States . Mexico has the largest number of Spanish speakers, more than double any other country in the world. Spanish is spoken by over 99% of the population, being the mother tongue of 93.8%, and the second language of 5.4%. The territory of contemporary Mexico is not coextensive with what might be termed Mexican Spanish, since linguistic boundaries rarely coincide with political ones. The Spanish spoken in

1932-658: The United States , have contributed greatly to making Mexican Spanish the most widely spoken variety of Spanish in the United States. Finally, the Spanish spoken in coastal areas often exhibits certain phonetic traits in common with the Caribbean rather than with that of central Mexico, and the Spanish of the Yucatán Peninsula is quite distinct from other varieties. It should also be noted that there

2001-399: The United States , place names generally use canyon in the southwest (due to their proximity to Spanish-speaking Mexico ) and gorge in the northeast (which is closer to French Canada ), with the rest of the country graduating between these two according to geography. In Canada , a gorge is usually narrow while a ravine is more open and often wooded. The military-derived word defile

2070-489: The poem of Mio Cid written around the year 1200, you can already find various examples of dative possessive or ethical. Mexico has a border of more than 2,500 kilometers with the United States , and receives major influxes of American and Canadian tourists every year. More than 63% of the 57 million Latinos in the United States are assumed as of Mexican origin. English is the most studied foreign language in Mexico , and

2139-551: The polite personal pronoun usted in the majority of social situations, especially in Northern Mexico . In the north, children even address their parents with usted . In rural areas of Sonora, Chihuahua, Durango, Jalisco, Guanajuato, and Tlaxcala, many people use a number of distinct non-standard morphological forms: 2nd person preterite verb forms ending in -ates, ites , imperfect forms such as traiba, creiba instead of traía, creía 'brought, believed',

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2208-642: The seabed of the continental slope are referred to as submarine canyons . Unlike canyons on land, submarine canyons are thought to be formed by turbidity currents and landslides . The word canyon is Spanish in origin ( cañón , pronounced [kaˈɲon] ), with the same meaning. The word canyon is generally used in North America , while the words gorge and ravine (French in origin) are used in Europe and Oceania , though gorge and ravine are also used in some parts of North America. In

2277-506: The subjunctive , as indicated by a study finding that, among residents of Reynosa , greater contact with the American side correlated with lower use of the subjunctive. This parallels a greater reduction in the use of the subjunctive among Mexican-Americans. The center of Hispanic Linguistics of UNAM carried out a number of surveys in the project of coordinated study of the cultured linguistic norms of major cities of Ibero-America and of

2346-460: The western United States as convenient corrals, with their entrances fenced. The definition of "largest canyon" is imprecise, because a canyon can be large by its depth, its length, or the total area of the canyon system. Also, the inaccessibility of the major canyons in the Himalaya contributes to their not being regarded as candidates for the biggest canyon. The definition of "deepest canyon"

2415-680: The Pacific Coast, the Canary Islands , and most of Andalusia and Extremadura in Spain). Thus, in these dialects, México, Jalapa , and caja are respectively pronounced [ˈmehiko] , [haˈlapa] , and [ˈkaha] . In northwestern Mexico and rural Michoacan, [tʃ] , represented by ⟨ch⟩ , tends to be deaffricated to [ʃ] , a phonetic feature also typical of southwestern Andalusian Spanish dialects. All varieties of Mexican Spanish are characterized by yeísmo :

2484-478: The Spanish of Mexico has many Nahuatlismos that confer a lexical personality of its own. It can happen that the Nahuatl word coexists with the Spanish word, as in the cases of cuate "buddy" and amigo "friend", guajolote "turkey" and pavo "turkey", chamaco "kid" and niño "boy", mecate "rope" and reata "rope", etc. On other occasions, the indigenous word differs slightly from

2553-501: The Spanish, as in the case of huarache , which is another type of sandal; tlapalería , hardware store, molcajete , a stone mortar, etc. Other times, the Nahuatl word has almost completely displaced the Spanish, tecolote "owl", atole "cornflour drink", popote "straw", milpa "cornfield", ejote "green bean", jacal "shack", papalote "kite", etc. There are many indigenismos "words of indigenous origin" who designate Mexican realities for which there

2622-533: The United States, with an average depth of 1,600 metres (5,200 ft) and a volume of 4.17 trillion cubic metres (147 trillion cubic feet), is one of the world's largest canyons. It was among the 28 finalists of the New 7 Wonders of Nature worldwide poll. (Some referred to it as one of the seven natural wonders of the world .) The largest canyon in Europe is Tara River Canyon . The largest canyon in Africa

2691-627: The United States. Others consider the Kali Gandaki Gorge in midwest Nepal to be the deepest canyon, with a 6,400-metre (21,000 ft) difference between the level of the river and the peaks surrounding it. Vying for the deepest canyon in the Americas is the Cotahuasi Canyon and Colca Canyon , in southern Peru. Both have been measured at over 3,500 metres (11,500 ft) deep. The Grand Canyon of northern Arizona in

2760-746: The canyon walls, in a process known as frost wedging. Canyon walls are often formed of resistant sandstones or granite . Sometimes large rivers run through canyons as the result of gradual geological uplift. These are called entrenched rivers , because they are unable to easily alter their course. In the United States, the Colorado River in the Southwest and the Snake River in the Northwest are two examples of tectonic uplift . Canyons often form in areas of limestone rock. As limestone

2829-571: The diminutive does not necessarily denote small size, but rather often implies an affectionate attitude; thus one may speak of " una casita grande " ('a nice, big house'). When the diminutive suffix is applied to an adjective, often a near-equivalent idea can be expressed in English by "nice and [adjective]". So, for example, a mattress ( Spanish : un colchón ) described as blandito might be "nice and soft", while calling it blando might be heard to mean "too soft". In some regions of Mexico,

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2898-403: The diminutive is found across all socioeconomic classes, but its "excessive" use is commonly associated with lower-class speech. The augmentative suffix -(z)ote is typically used in Mexico to make nouns larger, more powerful, etc. For example, the word camión , in Mexico, means bus ; the suffixed form camionzote means "big or long bus". It can be repeated just as in the case of

2967-535: The diminutive suffix -ito is also used to form affectives to express politeness or submission ( cafecito , literally "little coffee"; cabecita , literally "little head"; chavito "little boy"), and is attached to names ( Marquitos , from Marcos ; Juanito , from Juan —cf. Eng. Johnny ) denoting affection. In the northern parts of the country, the suffix -ito is often replaced in informal situations by -illo ( cafecillo , cabecilla , morrillo , Juanillo ). Frequent use of

3036-443: The familiar Mexican proverb " Camarón que se duerme se lo lleva la corriente " (A sleeping shrimp is carried away by the tide), without realizing the vulgarity associated with the word in Mexico. The prince, also unaware of the differences, proceeded to say the word, to the bemusement and offense of some of the attendees. New Mexico Spanish has many similarities with an older version of Mexican Spanish, and can be considered part of

3105-586: The familiar second person singular). The traditional familiar second person plural pronoun vosotros —in colloquial use only in Spain—is found in Mexico only in certain archaic texts and ceremonial language. However, since it is used in many Spanish-language Bibles throughout the country, most Mexicans are familiar with the form and understand it. An instance of it is found in the national anthem , which all Mexicans learn to sing: Mexicanos, al grito de guerra / el acero aprestad y el bridón . Mexicans tend to use

3174-533: The general lack of s-aspiration in the center of the country, /s/ is often elided before /r/ or /l/ , and the phrase buenas noches is often pronounced without the first /s/ . There is a set of voiced obstruents — /b/ , /d/ , /ɡ/ , and sometimes /ʝ/ —which alternate between approximant and plosive allophones depending on the environment. /bw/ often becomes /gw/ , especially in more rural speech, such that abuelo and bueno may be pronounced as agüelo and güeno . In addition, /gw/

3243-656: The letters ⟨ll⟩ and ⟨y⟩ correspond to the same phoneme, /ʝ/ . That phoneme, in most variants of Mexican Spanish, is pronounced as either a palatal fricative [ ʝ ] or an approximant [ ʝ˕ ] in most cases, although after a pause it is instead realized as an affricate [ ɟʝ ] . In the north and in rural Michoacan, /ʝ/ is consistently rendered as an approximant and may even be elided when between vowels and in contact with /i/ or /e/ , as in gallina 'hen', silla 'chair', and sella 'seal'. As in all American dialects of Spanish, Mexican Spanish has seseo , so /θ/

3312-501: The monosyllabic pronunciation of digraphs -tz- and -tl- (Mexico: [aˈt͡ɬantiko] / Spain : [aðˈlantiko] ), and to the various pronunciations of the letter -x- , coming to represent the sounds [ks] , [gz] , [s] , [x] and [ʃ] . In the grammar, one can cite as influence of Nahuatl the extensive use of diminutives: The most common Spanish diminutive suffix is -ito/-ita . English examples are –y in doggy or -let in booklet. It can also be cited as influence of Nahuatl

3381-428: The most notable canyons of the world, grouped by region. Venus has many craters and canyons on its surface. The troughs on the planet are part of a system of canyons that is more than 6,400 km long. [REDACTED] Environment portal Mexican Spanish This is an accepted version of this page Mexican Spanish ( Spanish : español mexicano ) is the variety of dialects and sociolects of

3450-505: The other Spanish-speaking countries—the vowels lose strength, while consonants are fully pronounced. Malmberg attributes this to a Nahuatl substratum , as part of a broader cultural phenomenon that preserves aspects of indigenous culture through place names of Nahuatl origin, statues that commemorate Aztec rulers, etc. The Mexican linguist Juan M. Lope Blanch , however, finds similar weakening of vowels in regions of several other Spanish-speaking countries; he also finds no similarity between

3519-514: The other hand, /s/ -weakening is very frequent on the Pacific and Caribbean coasts, and is also fairly frequent in northern and northwestern Mexico, and in parts of Oaxaca and the Yucatán peninsula. In all these regions, /s/ -weakening acts as a sociolinguistic marker, being more prevalent in rural areas and among the lower classes. The prevalence of a weakened syllable-final /s/ in so many peripheral areas of Mexico suggests that such weakening

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3588-502: The previous syllable's coda, and be subject to weakening, as in [aðˈlantiko] , [aðˈleta] . Some claim that in Mexican Spanish, the sequence /tl/ is really a single phoneme , the same as the lateral affricate of Nahuatl. On the other hand, José Ignacio Hualde and Patricio Carrasco argue that /tl/ is best analyzed as an onset cluster on the basis that Mexicans take the same amount of time to pronounce /tl/ as they do to pronounce /pl/ and /kl/ . They predicted that if /tl/ were

3657-460: The pronunciation has changed to [x] (or [h] )—e.g. Jalapa/Xalapa [xaˈlapa] . Regarding the pronunciation of the phoneme /x/ , the articulation in most of Mexico is velar [x] , as in caja [ˈkaxa] ('box'). However, in some (but not all) dialects of southern Mexico, the normal articulation is glottal [ h ] (as it is in most dialects of the Caribbean,

3726-468: The river drains. The processes of weathering and erosion will form canyons when the river's headwaters and estuary are at significantly different elevations, particularly through regions where softer rock layers are intermingled with harder layers more resistant to weathering. A canyon may also refer to a rift between two mountain peaks, such as those in ranges including the Rocky Mountains ,

3795-417: The sequences ⟨tz⟩ and ⟨tl⟩ , corresponding to the voiceless alveolar affricate [t͡s] and the voiceless alveolar lateral affricate [t͡ɬ] , present in many indigenous languages of Mexico, as in the words tlapalería [t͡ɬapaleˈɾia] ('hardware store') and coatzacoalquense [koat͡sakoalˈkense] ('from [the city of] Coatzacoalcos '). Mexican Spanish always pronounces

3864-461: The signing of a Memorandum of Understanding between Mexico and the Netherlands, the then Crown Prince of the Netherlands, Willem-Alexander , made a statement to the audience with a word that, in Mexican Spanish, is considered very vulgar. Evidently oblivious to the word's different connotations in different countries, the prince's Argentine interpreter used the word chingada as the ending to

3933-474: The southernmost state of Chiapas , bordering Guatemala , resembles the variety of Central American Spanish spoken in that country, where voseo is used. Meanwhile, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo led to a large number of Mexicans residing in what had become US territory, and many of their descendants have continued to speak Spanish. In addition, the waves of 19th- and 20th-century migration from Mexico to

4002-896: The speech of central Mexico, having its apparent origin in the State of Mexico , is the use of negation in an unmarked yes/no question . Thus, in place of " ¿Quieres...? " (Would you like...?), there is a tendency to ask " ¿No quieres...? " (Wouldn't you like...?). Mexican Spanish retains a number of words that are considered archaic in Spain. Also, there are a number of words widely used in Mexico which have Nahuatl, Mayan or other native origins, in particular names for flora, fauna and toponyms . Some of these words are used in most, or all, Spanish-speaking countries, like chocolate and aguacate ("avocado"), and some are only used in Mexico. The latter include guajolote "turkey" < Nahuatl huaxōlōtl [waˈʃoːloːt͡ɬ] (although pavo

4071-433: The suffixes -ito and -ísimo ; therefore camionzotototote means very, very, very big bus . The suffix -uco or -ucho and its feminine counterparts -uca and -ucha respectively, are used as a disparaging form of a noun; for example, the word casa , meaning "house", can be modified with that suffix ( casucha ) to change the word's meaning to make it disparaging, and sometimes offensive; so

4140-553: The syntax of Mexican Spanish (as well as that of other areas in the Americas), manifested, for example, in the redundant use of verbal clitics , particularly lo . This is more common among bilinguals or in isolated rural areas. Mucho muy can be used colloquially in place of the superlative -ísimo , as in: Mexican Spanish, like that of many other parts of the Americas, prefers the preposition por in expressions of time spans, as in A more or less recent phenomenon in

4209-810: The third most spoken after Spanish and the native languages taken together. Given these circumstances, anglicisms in Mexican Spanish are continuously increasing (as they are also in the rest of the Americas and Spain), including filmar "to film", béisbol "baseball", club "club", coctel "cocktail", líder "leader", cheque "check", sándwich "sandwich", etc. Mexican Spanish also uses other anglicisms that are not used in all Spanish-speaking countries, including bye , ok , nice , cool , checar "to check", fólder "folder", overol "overalls", réferi "referee", lonchera "lunch bag", clóset "closet", maple "maple syrup", baby shower , etc. English influence, at least in border cities, may result in lower use of

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4278-411: The traditional Spanish of northern New Mexico and southern Colorado. Central Mexico is noted for the frequent use of diminutive suffixes with many nouns, adverbs, and adjectives, even where no semantic diminution of size or intensity is implied. Most frequent is the -ito/ita suffix, which replaces the final vowel on words that have one. Words ending with -n use the suffix -cito/cita . Use of

4347-481: The use of the suffix -Le to give an emphatic character to the imperative . For example: brinca "jump" -> brínca le "jump", come "eat" -> cóme le "eat", pasa "go/proceed" -> pása le "go/proceed", etc. This suffix is considered to be a crossover of the Spanish indirect object pronoun -le with the Nahua excitable interjections, such as cuele "strain." However, this suffix

4416-456: The valley walls. Canyons are much more common in arid areas than in wet areas because physical weathering has a more localized effect in arid zones. The wind and water from the river combine to erode and cut away less resistant materials such as shales . The freezing and expansion of water also serves to help form canyons. Water seeps into cracks between the rocks and freezes, pushing the rocks apart and eventually causing large chunks to break off

4485-407: The vowel behavior of Nahuatl and that of Central Mexican Spanish; and thirdly, he finds Nahuatl syllable structure no more complex than that of Spanish. Furthermore, Nahuatl is not alone as a possible influence, as there are currently more than 90 native languages spoken in Mexico. Due to influence from indigenous languages , such as Nahuatl , Mexican Spanish has incorporated many words containing

4554-428: The word casucha often refers to a shanty, hut or hovel. The word madera ("wood") can take the suffix -uca ( maderuca ) to mean "rotten, ugly wood". Other suffixes include, but are not limited to: -azo as in carrazo , which refers to a very impressive car ( carro ) such as a Ferrari or Mercedes-Benz; -ón , for example narizón , meaning "big-nosed" ( nariz = "nose"), or patona ,

4623-417: The words pesos , pesas , and peces are pronounced the same [ˈpesəs] . The vowels are slightly less frequently reduced or eliminated in the constructions /t, p, k, d/ + vowel + /s/ , so that the words pastas , pastes , and pastos may also be pronounced the same [ˈpasts] . Mexican Spanish is a tuteante form of the language (i.e. using tú and its traditional verb forms for

4692-655: Was at one point more prevalent in peripheral areas, but that the influence of Mexico City has led to the diffusion of a style of pronunciation without /s/ -weakening, especially among the urban middle classes. /s/ -weakening on both the Pacific and the Gulf Coast was strengthened by influences from Andalusian , Canarian , and Caribbean Spanish dialects. Also, the dialects spoken in rural Chihuahua , Sonora , and Sinaloa , like that of New Mexico , have developed aspiration of syllable-initial /s/ , as in words like pasar 'to pass' and señor 'sir'. Despite

4761-518: Was completed in 2008. Ogden Canyon is home to several businesses and homes. The Ogden River Scenic Byway ( Utah State Route 39 ) begins at the mouth of Ogden Canyon. The Ogden marathon goes through Ogden Canyon. It has been an annual event in Ogden since 2001. [REDACTED] Media related to Ogden Canyon at Wikimedia Commons Canyon A canyon (from Spanish : cañón ; archaic British English spelling: cañon ), gorge or chasm ,

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