101-622: The Old Royal Naval College are buildings that serve as the architectural centrepiece of Maritime Greenwich , a World Heritage Site in Greenwich , London, described by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation ( UNESCO ) as being of "outstanding universal value" and reckoned to be the "finest and most dramatically sited architectural and landscape ensemble in the British Isles". Formerly
202-436: A 74% rating from 19 critical reviews with an average rating of 6.28/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Thanks in large part to its cast, and Anthony Hopkins in particular, The Bounty's retelling of the mutiny on HMS Bounty is an intelligent, engaging adventure saga." Roger Ebert gave the film four stars out of four, stating, "this Bounty is not only a wonderful movie, high-spirited and intelligent, but something of
303-417: A UNESCO report titled "World Heritage and Tourism in a Changing Climate". The Australian government's actions, involving considerable expense for lobbying and visits for diplomats , were in response to their concern about the negative impact that an "at risk" label could have on tourism revenue at a previously designated UNESCO World Heritage Site. In 2021, international scientists recommended UNESCO to put
404-427: A day. Bligh subjects the crew to pressure, creating an atmosphere of tension. Many of the men, including Christian, are singled out for tongue-lashings, especially when he suggests to go around Cape Horn again. Christian considers constructing a raft to escape; playing on his resentment against Bligh's treatment of both him and the men, Ned Young persuades Christian to take the ship by force. After unsuccessfully warning
505-505: A fifty-two-minute 'making of' documentary narrated by Edward Fox , The Bounty on Film discussing the various Bounty films, original theatrical trailer and booklet. In the United States Twilight Time released a limited-edition Blu-ray on 10 March 2015 with little in terms of bonus material; however, it features an isolated score track by Vangelis. A special-edition DVD and Blu-ray with the same special features as
606-568: A long-time passion project, but multiple complications, including a prohibitively high budget and screenwriter Robert Bolt suffering from a heart attack, led to a period of development hell that ended with the hiring of newcomer director Donaldson. Filming took place primarily on-location in Donaldson's home country of New Zealand , French Polynesia and England . The film was made by Dino De Laurentiis Productions and Bounty Productions Ltd. and distributed by Thorn EMI Screen Entertainment in
707-466: A midshipman, and made him second in command. What interested me was to explore how their relationship deteriorated from that point to where Christian leads a mutiny against Bligh." Unlike earlier versions, the film did not portray Bligh as a villain. According to Gibson, "It was a kind of fresh look at Captain Bligh, and I think of all the renditions of who Bligh was, his was probably the closest. His Bligh
808-488: A minor boundary change, one that does not have a significant impact on the extent of the property or affect its "outstanding universal value", is also evaluated by the advisory bodies before being sent to the committee. Such proposals can be rejected by either the advisory bodies or the Committee if they judge it to be a significant change instead of a minor one. Proposals to change a site's official name are sent directly to
909-626: A mix of new uses and activities and a revival of the historic old site under the management and control of the Greenwich Foundation. The buildings are Grade I listed . In 1999 some parts of Queen Mary and King William, and the whole of Queen Anne and the Dreadnought Building were leased for 150 years by the University of Greenwich . In 2000 Trinity College of Music leased the major part of King Charles. This created
1010-430: A new 90-minute featurette of cast and crew interviews, new interview with director Roger Donaldson, new featurette of the score by Vangelis and two archive documentaries titled 'A Fated Ship' surrounding the construction of "The Bounty" replica and 'In Bligh's Wake' charting the voyage of the replica from New Zealand. The film is generally regarded as more revisionist as well as a more historically accurate depiction of
1111-526: A new script for that film. "Some time during that period I mentioned that I thought The Bounty sounded like an interesting project", Donaldson said. "Well, when I finished with the Conan script, he didn't really like it so I figured, well, I'm finished with Dino." The producer then offered him The Bounty despite not having seen any of the director's films and the fact that his biggest budget to date had been $ 1 million. (De Laurentiis later says he gave Donaldson
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#17327724620221212-473: A privilege to accept the part of Christian." Reeve stayed on the project through the change in director. However he dropped out at the last minute and was replaced by Mel Gibson. Gibson was looking for a project after The Night of the Running Man at MGM was cancelled. "I liked the idea they were going to show Bligh and Christian as the young men they were", said Gibson. "I also liked the idea of playing
1313-402: A production triumph as well." However, others were disappointed with the film, especially given its distinguished cast. Many critics singled out Gibson's performance as bland, particularly when compared to the performances given by Clark Gable and Marlon Brando in two earlier adaptations. Vincent Canby of The New York Times stated, "Both Bligh and Christian are unfinished characters in
1414-756: A remarkable accomplishment of humankind and serve as evidence of our intellectual history on the planet, or it might be a place of great natural beauty. As of July 2024, a total of 1,223 World Heritage Sites (952 cultural, 231 natural and 40 mixed cultural and natural properties) exist across 168 countries . With 60 selected areas, Italy is the country with the most sites, followed by China with 59, and Germany with 54. The sites are intended for practical conservation for posterity, which otherwise would be subject to risk from human or animal trespassing, unmonitored, uncontrolled or unrestricted access, or threat from local administrative negligence. Sites are demarcated by UNESCO as protected zones. The World Heritage Sites list
1515-419: A role that Errol Flynn first attempted." The role of Peter Heywood (who inspired the character 'Roger Byam' in the novel and earlier film versions) was originally intended to be played by Hugh Grant . Tevaite Vernette was spotted at Papeete Airport and offered the female lead. She had to be persuaded and only agreed to play the lead once filming began. Filming started 25 April 1983. The final script
1616-436: A safe refuge. Christian pleads with Tynah to allow Mauatua to decide her own destiny. Tynah concedes, and Mauatua chooses the uncertainty of a life with Christian over remaining with her father. Christian tries to get beyond reach of British punishment; the search for a safe haven is long and seemingly impossible, as they realise that any pursuing Royal Navy vessels will search all known islands and coastlines to find them. Some of
1717-474: A screenplay that may or may not have been tampered with... The movie seems to have been planned, written, acted, shot and edited by people who were constantly being over-ruled by other people. It's totally lifeless. The film was entered into the 1984 Cannes Film Festival . Colin Greenland reviewed The Bounty for Imagine magazine, and stated that "By concentrating on the deadlock of the characters and
1818-566: A script in Bora Bora in October 1977. Lean and Bolt planned to make two films, one named The Lawbreakers that would deal with the voyage out to Tahiti and the subsequent mutiny, and the second named The Long Arm , which would be a study of the journey and the mutineers after the mutiny, as well as the admiralty's response in sending out the frigate HMS Pandora . In November 1977, producer Dino De Laurentiis announced he would finance
1919-730: A set for The Man from U.N.C.L.E. . Also Guy Richie 's 2005 film Revolver filmed a scene there. In 2014, the Old Royal Naval College announced that it was embarking on the next stage of its ambitious plans to restore the Painted Hall. Over three years, 3,700 square metres (40,000 sq ft) of Thornhill's masterpiece was to be conserved. The conservation project focused on the Lower Hall (the Upper Hall having been conserved in 2013). The project included
2020-783: A ship of Captain Cook. In August 1978, Lean said he expected each film to cost $ 25 million. "With the high brow critics you're as good as dead if you spend that sort of money on a film", he said. "For that kind of money, the argument runs, anyone should be able to make a good picture. Which is absolute rubbish." A replica of The Bounty was built in New Zealand. A script was finished by November 1978. Bernard Williams became attached as producer. He says Lean and De Laurentiis assumed both films could be made for $ 40 million in total, but Williams budgeted The Lawbreakers alone at $ 40 million. De Laurentiis decided he could not afford to proceed. "Dino
2121-1000: A single text was eventually agreed upon by all parties, and the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage was adopted by the General Conference of UNESCO on 16 November 1972. The convention came into force on 17 December 1975. As of November 2024, it has been ratified by 196 states: 192 UN member states , two UN observer states (the Holy See and the State of Palestine ), and two states in free association with New Zealand (the Cook Islands and Niue ). Only one UN member state, Liechtenstein , has not ratified
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#17327724620222222-422: A tragic and violent falling out—a drama in which your sympathies change as events change", Donaldson said. "When you leave the movie, I hope that deep down you feel that you've understood a relationship between two men." Anthony Hopkins was one of two actors considered for the role of Captain Bligh by David Lean. The other was Oliver Reed . Hopkins was approached as early as 1978. In April 1980, when David Lean
2323-552: A unique new educational and cultural mix. In 2002, the Foundation realised its aim of opening up the whole site to visitors. It opened the Painted Hall, the chapel and the grounds and a visitor centre to the public daily, free of charge, with guided tours available. The Old Royal Naval College became open to students and visitors of all ages and nationalities accompanied often by music wafting from Trinity College. As Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote in 1863, "the people are sooner or later
2424-506: A unique series of public 'ceiling tours' allowing members of the public to get up close to the painted ceiling and see conservators at work. In March 2019, the hall reopened to the public, the project winning awards. World Heritage Site World Heritage Sites are landmarks and areas with legal protection under an international treaty administered by UNESCO for having cultural, historical, or scientific significance. The sites are judged to contain "cultural and natural heritage around
2525-426: Is against them for a quick return journey and they must stay on the island for four months longer than planned. Many of the weary crew, relieved to land, eventually develop a taste for the pleasures that island life offers, especially the native women; Christian immerses himself in the native culture, learning the language, submitting to Tahiti tattooing, making his relationship with Bligh tense. Three crew members desert
2626-585: Is maintained by the international World Heritage Program administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee , composed of 21 "states parties" that are elected by the United Nations General Assembly , and advised by reviews of international panels of experts in natural or cultural history, and education. The Program catalogues, names, and conserves sites of outstanding cultural or natural importance to
2727-497: Is no longer behind the project", said Kellogg in November, adding "The first script is finished and the second is underway. I expect the pictures to go in about a year by now and we'll make them back to back." On 12 April 1979, Bolt suffered a massive heart attack, followed by a stroke two days later, with the second script incomplete. In August 1979 Anthony Hopkins announced Lean had asked him to play Bligh. They looked at making
2828-451: Is read by Admiral Hood : Bligh is exonerated of all blame of the loss of the Bounty , and is commended for courage and exemplary seamanship for the open boat voyage. Bligh, moved, sheathes his sword with a slight tremor, thanks Hood and exits the room. The film was originally a longstanding project of director David Lean and his frequent collaborator, Robert Bolt . They started working on
2929-527: The Bounty used in the film was built in Whangārei , New Zealand, before the script was even completed at a cost of $ 4 million; the entire film cost $ 25 million. Donaldson said the boat "has got to be the most expensive movie prop ever built. It's exact right down to the hand stitching on the sails." The director says filming on the ship was hard. "It's only 90 feet long and its design is archaic. So it rolled all
3030-470: The Bounty crew are so frustrated that they are ready to rebel against Christian to turn the ship back towards Tahiti. After Christian forces the crew to continue on, they find Pitcairn Island , a place not marked on British maps of the region. As the crew burn the Bounty making detection and escape virtually impossible, seaman John Adams comments to Christian that they will never get off the island or see England again. The judgment of Bligh's court-martial
3131-413: The Bounty replica which cost $ 4 million. In June 1981 the producer was trying to sell the replica. "It was three years' work wasted", said Lean later. "And the sad part is, it was the best script I've ever had. It was really a cracker it would have made a marvellous film. But after all that work they pulled the rug from under me." De Laurentiis did not want to lose the millions he had already put into
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3232-569: The Dutch East Indies . Bligh talks down a heated Purcell, even giving him his share of food and insists that they not eat each other to survive. Bligh and his crew eventually reach Timor. Christian and the mutineers sail back to Tahiti. King Tynah , however, is concerned that their mutiny could incite British punishment against his people. Realizing the folly of staying, the mutineers gather supplies, and are allowed to collect their girlfriends and native friends and sail away to try to find
3333-796: The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm. Under the World Heritage Committee, signatory countries are required to produce and submit periodic data reporting providing the committee with an overview of each participating nation's implementation of the World Heritage Convention and a "snapshot" of current conditions at World Heritage properties. Based on the draft convention that UNESCO had initiated,
3434-433: The voyage and mutiny of HMS Bounty , with Robert Bolt 's screenplay adapting the 1972 book Captain Bligh and Mr. Christian by Richard Hough . It stars Mel Gibson as Fletcher Christian and Anthony Hopkins as William Bligh , with supporting roles played by Laurence Olivier , Daniel Day-Lewis , Liam Neeson , Bernard Hill and Edward Fox . The Bounty began production in late 1978 under director David Lean as
3535-471: The 2002 issue was released in Australia by Via Vision Entertainment on 5 December 2018. On 2 January 2019 a Blu-ray was issued in the U.S. and Canada by Kino Lorber Studio Classic with the commentary tracks, Original theatrical trailer and image gallery. Australian label Imprint released a 2-disc Blu-ray box set on 28 June 2023, with a new 4K scan of the negative. Some of the special features included are
3636-707: The Great Barrier Reef on the endangered list, as global climate change had caused a further negative state of the corals and water quality. Again, the Australian government campaigned against this, and in July 2021, the World Heritage Committee , made up of diplomatic representatives of 21 countries, ignored UNESCO's assessment, based on studies of scientists, "that the reef was clearly in danger from climate change and so should be placed on
3737-568: The Higher Education Funding Council. The site is regularly used for filming television programmes, television advertisements, and feature films. Productions have included The Bounty , where captain William Bligh portrayed by Anthony Hopkins is brought in a Chariot at the start of the film, and judged during subsequent scenes. Patriot Games , where an attack on a fictional royal family member, Lord Holmes,
3838-1038: The List of World Heritage in Danger and the World Heritage List. Only three sites have ever been delisted : the Arabian Oryx Sanctuary in Oman, the Dresden Elbe Valley in Germany, and the Liverpool Maritime Mercantile City in the United Kingdom. The Arabian Oryx Sanctuary was directly delisted in 2007, instead of first being put on the danger list, after the Omani government decided to reduce
3939-635: The South Atlantic, is part of the Europe and North America region because the British government nominated the site. The table below includes a breakdown of the sites according to these regions and their classification as of July 2024 : This overview lists the 23 countries with 15 or more World Heritage Sites: The Bounty (1984 film) The Bounty is a 1984 British epic historical drama film directed by Roger Donaldson . It depicts
4040-480: The UK, and Orion Pictures Corporation internationally. It premiered on 4 May 1984 and received generally positive reviews, with praise for Hopkins' portrayal of Bligh, and was noted by critics and historians as being a more historically accurate depiction of the mutiny than previous depictions, though reactions to Gibson's performance were more polarized. The Bounty was entered into the 1984 Cannes Film Festival , where it
4141-497: The United States and Canada. In the U.S. and Canada the film grossed $ 2,622,306 in its opening weekend in 986 theatres. It earned theatrical rentals worldwide of $ 18.3 million, against a production budget of $ 20 million. The film was generally well received by critics, with general praise for the film's realism and historical accuracy as well as Hopkins' performance. On the aggregate site Rotten Tomatoes it has received
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4242-571: The Welsh actor: "He was terrific. He was good to work with because he was open and he was willing to give. He's a moral man, and you could see this. I think we had the same attitudes." Donaldson said Hopkins "became Bligh" during filming. "So much so that you didn't want to sit with him at breakfast." Donaldson admits he and Hopkins clashed during filming. "I'm a bit of a hard task-master", admitted Donaldson later. "I won't give up until I really think we've wrung everything we can out of every scene... It
4343-609: The World Heritage Committee for new designations. The Committee meets once a year to determine which nominated properties to add to the World Heritage List; sometimes it defers its decision or requests more information from the country that nominated the site. There are ten selection criteria – a site must meet at least one to be included on the list. Until 2004, there were six sets of criteria for cultural heritage and four for natural heritage. In 2005, UNESCO modified these and now has one set of ten criteria. Nominated sites must be of "outstanding universal value" and must meet at least one of
4444-998: The World Heritage Fund to facilitate its conservation under certain conditions. UNESCO reckons the restorations of the following four sites among its success stories: Angkor in Cambodia, the Old City of Dubrovnik in Croatia, the Wieliczka Salt Mine near Kraków in Poland, and the Ngorongoro Conservation Area in Tanzania. Additionally, the local population around a site may benefit from significantly increased tourism revenue. When there are significant interactions between people and
4545-501: The awards, because World Heritage listing can significantly increase tourism returns. Site listing bids are often lengthy and costly, putting poorer countries at a disadvantage. Eritrea 's efforts to promote Asmara are one example. In 2016, the Australian government was reported to have successfully lobbied for the World Heritage Site Great Barrier Reef conservation efforts to be removed from
4646-430: The bad guy, which indeed he was. He ended up setting all these people adrift to die, without any real justification. Maybe he'd gone island crazy. They should have painted it that way. But they wanted to exonerate Captain Bligh while still having the dynamic where the guy was mutinying for the good of the crew. It didn't quite work." The film also portrays the sailors exploiting the islanders. Unlike earlier film versions,
4747-524: The buildings and grounds and convert them into a cultural destination. This was originally the site of Bella Court, built by Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester , and subsequently renamed Palace of Placentia by Queen Margaret upon its confiscation by the Crown in the 15th century. Rebuilt by Henry VII , it was thenceforth more commonly known as Greenwich Palace. As such, it was the birthplace of Tudor monarchs Henry VIII , Mary I , and Elizabeth I , and reputedly
4848-504: The commitment of countries and local population to World Heritage conservation in various ways, providing emergency assistance for sites in danger, offering technical assistance and professional training, and supporting States Parties' public awareness-building activities. Being listed as a World Heritage Site can positively affect the site, its environment, and interactions between them. A listed site gains international recognition and legal protection, and can obtain funds from, among others,
4949-454: The committee. A site may be added to the List of World Heritage in Danger if conditions threaten the characteristics for which the landmark or area was inscribed on the World Heritage List. Such problems may involve armed conflict and war, natural disasters, pollution, poaching, or uncontrolled urbanisation or human development. This danger list is intended to increase international awareness of
5050-417: The common culture and heritage of humankind. The programme began with the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage , which was adopted by the General Conference of UNESCO on 16 November 1972. Since then, 196 states have ratified the convention, making it one of the most widely recognised international agreements and the world's most popular cultural programme. In 1954,
5151-435: The compilation album Themes released in 1989 by Polydor Records . The Bounty was screened out of competition as the closing film at the 1984 Cannes Film Festival on 23 May. It was released in the United States by Orion Pictures on 4 May 1984 and in the United Kingdom on 5 October 1984 by Thorn EMI Screen Entertainment . Upon theatrical release in the U.K., the film received a 15 certificate rating. The Bounty
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#17327724620225252-412: The convention. By assigning places as World Heritage Sites, UNESCO wants to help preserve them for future generations. Its motivation is that "heritage is our legacy from the past, what we live with today" and that both cultural and natural heritage are "irreplaceable sources of life and inspiration". UNESCO's mission with respect to World Heritage consists of eight sub targets. These include encouraging
5353-496: The dramatisation of Little Dorrit , David Cronenberg 's film Eastern Promises , the film adaptation of Philip Pullman 's novel Northern Lights and The Wolf Man (2009). The grounds were used extensively during the filming of 2006's Amazing Grace , and 2011's Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows , Now You See Me 2 and Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides . Scenes were shot at
5454-650: The endangered monuments and sites. In 1960, the Director-General of UNESCO launched the International Campaign to Save the Monuments of Nubia . This resulted in the excavation and recording of hundreds of sites, the recovery of thousands of objects, as well as the salvage and relocation to higher ground of several important temples. The most famous of these are the temple complexes of Abu Simbel and Philae . The campaign ended in 1980 and
5555-455: The expedition to fulfill an ambition to circumnavigate the globe. After thirty-one days, the attempt to round Cape Horn fails due to harsh weather, and the ship is obliged to take the longer eastern route. Bligh replaces Fryer with his friend Fletcher Christian as second-in-command. Seaman James Valentine dies. Arriving in Tahiti in October 1788, Bligh finds that due to the delays, the wind
5656-599: The favourite palace of Henry VIII. The palace fell into disrepair during the English Civil War . With the exception of a then incomplete John Webb building, the palace was finally demolished in 1694, with the Webb building being completed and converted to use by the hospital. In 1692 the Royal Hospital for Seamen at Greenwich was created on the site on the instructions of Mary II , who had been inspired by
5757-538: The government of Egypt decided to build the new Aswan High Dam , whose resulting future reservoir would eventually inundate a large stretch of the Nile valley containing cultural treasures of ancient Egypt and ancient Nubia . In 1959, the governments of Egypt and Sudan requested the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) to assist them to protect and rescue
5858-410: The grounds for The King's Speech , where the site doubled for Buckingham Palace , and The Dark Knight Rises , where it doubled for a cafe in the film's final scenes. In April 2012 the site was used for the iconic barricade scenes in the film adaption of the musical Les Miserables . In October 2012 the college was used for filming Thor: The Dark World . In October 2013 the college was used as
5959-567: The hospital site in 1875 and reinterred in East Greenwich Pleasaunce or "Pleasaunce Park". In 1873, four years after the hospital closed, the buildings were converted to a training establishment for the Royal Navy . The Royal Navy finally left the college in 1998 when the site passed into the hands of the Greenwich Foundation for the Old Royal Naval College. Since 1998, the site has had new life breathed into it through
6060-617: The inevitable explosion, director Roger Donaldson has left many things unexamined: the Tahitians are not allowed to be much more than stereotype happy savages, for example. But his film is a powerful vision of the hell – and the wild beauty – of the high seas." Anthony Hopkins later said "It was such a sad mess of a film, such a botched job. Yet I'd put so much time and effort into the role. So right then and there I decided: Never again. I will no longer invest so much effort in something over which I have no control. It's too frustrating. That film
6161-450: The job on the basis of Smash Palace . ) "Making the movie was something that, initially, I wasn't sure I wanted to do", said Donaldson. "I thought it might be perceived as some sort of a remake. But I looked at it and decided I'd do it as long as I could do something completely on my own, not a remake at all, but based much more on fact—something to set the record straight." "I saw it as an intense personal drama about two friends who have
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#17327724620226262-992: The last two decades. These activities endanger Natural World Heritage Sites and could compromise their unique values. Of the Natural World Heritage Sites that contain forest, 91% experienced some loss since 2000. Many of them are more threatened than previously thought and require immediate conservation action. The destruction of cultural assets and identity-establishing sites is one of the primary goals of modern asymmetrical warfare. Terrorists, rebels, and mercenary armies deliberately smash archaeological sites, sacred and secular monuments and loot libraries, archives and museums. The UN, United Nations peacekeeping and UNESCO in cooperation with Blue Shield International are active in preventing such acts. "No strike lists" are also created to protect cultural assets from air strikes. The founding president of Blue Shield International Karl von Habsburg summed it up with
6363-530: The legitimate inheritors of whatever beauty kings and queens create". In 2005, the room where Nelson's coffin was held prior to his being laid-in-state was opened as the Nelson Room. The little side room contains a statue of Nelson replicating the one in Trafalgar Square, memorabilia, paintings and information. It can be seen on one of the guided tours that also include a visit to the undercrofts,
6464-459: The limits of the ship's company, but after the mutiny, develops into a better man, as he ultimately successfully guides his loyalists and their open launch to safety. The Bounty also paints a far less heroic portrait of Christian. In Gibson's description, "Fletcher was just a lad of twenty-two and he behaved like one. The first time he decided to test his horns and fight for the herd, it was a mistake. He shouldn't have done it." Gibson later expressed
6565-517: The list." According to environmental protection groups, this "decision was a victory for cynical lobbying and [...] Australia, as custodians of the world's biggest coral reef, was now on probation." Several listed locations, such as Casco Viejo in Panama and Hội An in Vietnam , have struggled to strike a balance between the economic benefits of catering to greatly increased visitor numbers after
6666-836: The local level which can result in the site being damaged. Rock art under world heritage protection at the Tadrart Acacus in Libya have occasionally been intentionally destroyed. Chalcraft links this destruction to Libyan national authorities prioritizing World Heritage status over local sensibilities by limiting access to the sites without consulting with the local population. UNESCO has also been criticized for alleged geographic bias, racism , and colourism in world heritage inscription. A major chunk of all world heritage inscriptions are located in regions whose populations generally have lighter skin, including Europe, East Asia, and North America. The World Heritage Committee has divided
6767-404: The mutiny than earlier film versions. According to director Donaldson, "The major difference between our film and the other versions is that none of the others pointed out that Bligh and Christian were friends. They'd made voyages together before they sailed on the Bounty . And while they were on the Bounty , Bligh demoted another officer and promoted Christian, who was at that stage nothing but
6868-537: The native women are shown (accurately) totally bare-breasted. Gibson said, "It was a complete culture shock and it was unbelievable to them. It was paradise in terms of personal freedoms—freedoms that shouldn't have been taken advantage of. They exploited the people, fooled them and didn't tell them the whole truth". Gibson chose to suddenly erupt in violent emotion during the mutiny scene because eyewitness accounts had described Christian as 'extremely agitated' and 'sweating and crying'. The Bounty grossed $ 8.6 million in
6969-730: The natural environment, these can be recognised as "cultural landscapes". A country must first identify its significant cultural and natural sites in a document known as the Tentative List. Next, it can place sites selected from that list into a Nomination File, which is evaluated by the International Council on Monuments and Sites and the World Conservation Union . A country may not nominate sites that have not been first included on its Tentative List. The two international bodies make recommendations to
7070-572: The old buildings, as part of a unique "ancient and modern" blend that support 21st century life in Greenwich. The Old Royal Naval College and the "Maritime Greenwich" World Heritage site are becoming focal points for a wide range of business and community activities. Trinity College of Music provide a wide range of musicians and ensembles on a subsidised commercial basis to play at events throughout East London and beyond, part of their business and community "out-reach" policy encouraged and part-funded by
7171-414: The old skittle alley and crypt. A service is held in the chapel every Sunday at 11 am which is open to all. Public concerts are regularly held here and a wide variety of business and cultural events are held in the Painted Hall. The area is used by visitors, students, local people and film crews in a traffic-free environment that provides a variety of coffee shops, bars and restaurants, all incorporated within
7272-417: The opinion that the film did not go far enough in correcting the historical record. "I think the main problem with that film was that it tried to be a fresh look at the dynamic of the mutiny situation, but didn't go far enough. In the old version, Captain Bligh was the bad guy and Fletcher Christian was the good guy. But really Fletcher Christian was a social climber and an opportunist. They should have made him
7373-544: The project and make it after his version of the Hurricane . Phil Kellogg was to produce the films. In December of that year, Paramount announced they would finance and distribute. The intention was to shoot the film in Tahiti, where De Laurentiis had built a large facility for shooting Hurricane , including a brand-new hotel. While working on the script, Lean directed a documentary, Lost and Found: The Story of Cook's Anchor , about discovering an anchor that belonged to
7474-405: The project as a seven-part TV series. Paramount were interested but decided to pull out after two months feeling the project was too "masculine" and lacked female interest. Lean tried to interest Sam Spiegel who persuaded the director to make just the one film. Lean had a go at the script himself. Lean was ultimately forced to abandon the project after overseeing casting and the construction of
7575-476: The project—$ 2 million in development costs plus the cost of the ship—and looked for another director. Donaldson was an Australian who had forged a career as director in New Zealand with Sleeping Dogs and Smash Palace . The latter was the first New Zealand film to obtain a distributor in the U.S. Donaldson said he met with de Laurentiis to discuss filming a sequel to Conan the Barbarian . Donaldson worked on
7676-562: The protected area's size by 90%. The Dresden Elbe Valley was first placed on the danger list in 2006 when the World Heritage Committee decided that plans to construct the Waldschlösschen Bridge would significantly alter the valley's landscape. In response, the Dresden City Council attempted to stop the bridge's construction. However, after several court decisions allowed the building of the bridge to proceed,
7777-467: The recognition and preserving the original culture and local communities. Another criticism is that there is a homogeneity to these sites, which contain similar styles, visitor centres , etc., meaning that a lot of the individuality of these sites has been removed to become more attractive to tourists. Anthropologist Jasper Chalcraft said that World Heritage recognition often ignores contemporary local usage of certain sites. This leads to conflicts on
7878-409: The ship, intent on staying on the island. Bligh hunts them down and has them flogged. Huggan dies. When the ship leaves Tahiti, Fletcher is forced to leave his pregnant native lover, Mauatua , behind. The resumption of naval discipline on the return voyage turns Bligh into not willing to tolerate any disobedience whatsoever. He insists that the ship is filthy and orders the crew to clean up several times
7979-537: The sight of wounded sailors returning from the Battle of La Hogue . Initially, the hospital remodeled a wing of the unfinished Greenwich Palace , and then expanded and remade the design. Architectural highlights included the Chapel and the Painted Hall. The Painted Hall was painted between 1707 and 1726 by Sir James Thornhill . The hospital closed in 1869 and the remains of thousands of sailors and officers were removed from
8080-526: The site of a royal palace, the old college was originally constructed to serve as the Royal Navy 's Greenwich Hospital , designed by Christopher Wren , and built between 1696 and 1712. The hospital closed in 1869 and so between 1873 and 1998 the buildings were used as a training establishment for the Royal Naval College, Greenwich . The site is now managed by the Greenwich Foundation for the Old Royal Naval College, established in 1997 to conserve
8181-409: The storm sequences a detailed 25-foot model of the Bounty was built. Gibson described the making of the film as difficult because of the long production time and bad weather: "I went mad. They would hold their breath at night when I went off. One night I had a fight in a bar and the next day they had to shoot only one side of my face because the other was so messed up. If you see the film, you can see
8282-410: The stubborn Bligh, Christian decides to take the ship and cast Bligh adrift without any killing. Bligh is roused from his bed and taken to the deck, and he is, along with those considered loyal to him, forced into a longboat , minimally supplied, and cast adrift. As Bligh and his crew stop for supplies on the island of Tofua, natives kill quartermaster John Norton. Bligh and his crew agree to try to reach
8383-449: The swelling in certain scenes." Anthony Hopkins, who had battled with alcoholism until becoming abstinent in 1975, was worried about Gibson's heavy drinking, saying, "Mel is a wonderful, wonderful fellow with a marvellous future. He's already something of a superstar, but he's in danger of blowing it unless he takes hold of himself." Gibson, who likewise self-identified as an alcoholic, agreed with this concern, and added his admiration for
8484-481: The ten criteria. A country may request to extend or reduce the boundaries, modify the official name, or change the selection criteria of one of its already listed sites. Any proposal for a significant boundary change or to modify the site's selection criteria must be submitted as if it were a new nomination, including first placing it on the Tentative List and then onto the Nomination File. A request for
8585-405: The threats and to encourage counteractive measures. Threats to a site can be either proven imminent threats or potential dangers that could have adverse effects on a site. The state of conservation for each site on the danger list is reviewed yearly; after this, the Committee may request additional measures, delete the property from the list if the threats have ceased or consider deletion from both
8686-544: The time and people were constantly seasick. It wasn't a pleasant experience." However, unlike many other films filmed on water, The Bounty was finished under budget. As well as the New Zealand-built Bounty , Lean had also looked at refitting the frigate Rose to play the role of Pandora . The latter has since gone on to become HMS Surprise in Peter Weir 's Master and Commander . For
8787-622: The valley was removed from the World Heritage List in 2009. Liverpool 's World Heritage status was revoked in July 2021, following developments ( Liverpool Waters and Bramley-Moore Dock Stadium ) on the northern docks of the World Heritage site leading to the "irreversible loss of attributes" on the site. The first global assessment to quantitatively measure threats to Natural World Heritage Sites found that 63% of sites have been damaged by increasing human pressures including encroaching roads, agriculture infrastructure and settlements over
8888-436: The words: "Without the local community and without the local participants, that would be completely impossible". The UNESCO-administered project has attracted criticism. This was caused by perceived under-representation of heritage sites outside Europe, disputed decisions on site selection and adverse impact of mass tourism on sites unable to manage rapid growth in visitor numbers. A large lobbying industry has grown around
8989-526: The work of the World Heritage Committee was developed over a seven-year period (1965–1972). The United States initiated the idea of safeguarding places of high cultural or natural importance. A White House conference in 1965 called for a "World Heritage Trust" to preserve "the world's superb natural and scenic areas and historic sites for the present and the future of the entire world citizenry". The International Union for Conservation of Nature developed similar proposals in 1968, which were presented in 1972 at
9090-652: The world considered to be of outstanding value to humanity". To be selected, a World Heritage Site is nominated by its host country and determined by the UNESCO's World Heritage Committee to be a unique landmark which is geographically and historically identifiable, having a special cultural or physical significance, and to be under a sufficient system of legal protection. For example, World Heritage Sites might be ancient ruins or historical structures, buildings, cities, deserts, forests, islands, lakes, monuments, mountains or wilderness areas. A World Heritage Site may signify
9191-744: The world into five geographic regions: Africa, Arab states, Asia and the Pacific, Europe and North America, and Latin America and the Caribbean. Russia and the Caucasus states are classified as European, while Mexico and the Caribbean are classified as belonging to the Latin America and the Caribbean region. The UNESCO geographic regions also give greater emphasis on administrative, rather than geographic associations. Hence, Gough Island , located in
9292-421: Was 90 degrees in Tahiti and the humidity was 100%, and Tony was wearing this wool-serge uniform, done up to the neck. That was demanding, just physically." The score was composed by Vangelis . The soundtrack has never been officially released, but a two-CD limited edition bootleg was released by One World Music (OWM-95034) in 1995. The score for the tracks "Opening Titles" and "Closing Titles" were remade for
9393-459: Was a sort of turning point for me. For years I'd been trying to cultivate a don't-give-a-damn attitude. After watching 'The Bounty' I knew I had it." He and Donaldson later worked together on The World's Fastest Indian . Alex von Tunzelmann of The Guardian gave the film a grade of C, saying: " The Bounty has an incredible cast and a fabulously well-put-together production, and pays impressive attention to historical accuracy – more than any of
9494-693: Was collected from 50 countries. The project's success led to other safeguarding campaigns, such as saving Venice and its lagoon in Italy, the ruins of Mohenjo-daro in Pakistan, and the Borobodur Temple Compounds in Indonesia. Together with the International Council on Monuments and Sites , UNESCO then initiated a draft convention to protect cultural heritage. The convention (the signed document of international agreement ) guiding
9595-746: Was completed only the day before filming began. The film was shot on location over 20 weeks in Mo'orea , French Polynesia , Port of Gisborne, New Zealand and at the Old Royal Naval College and the Reform Club , Pall Mall, London . Many of the shots of the ship were filmed in Opunohu Bay , Moorea, the bay where Captain James Cook anchored during 1777. Below-the-deck scenes were shot at Lee Studios outside London. The replica of
9696-973: Was considered a success. To thank countries which especially contributed to the campaign's success, Egypt donated four temples; the Temple of Dendur was moved to the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City , the Temple of Debod to the Parque del Oeste in Madrid , the Temple of Taffeh to the Rijksmuseum van Oudheden in Leiden , and the Temple of Ellesyia to Museo Egizio in Turin . The project cost US$ 80 million (equivalent to $ 295.83 million in 2023), about $ 40 million of which
9797-406: Was filmed, as well as Shanghai Knights , and a 2006 television advertisement campaign for the British food and clothing retailer Marks & Spencer . Other films include Four Weddings and a Funeral , The Madness of King George , The Mummy Returns , The Avengers (1998) and Lara Croft: Tomb Raider (2001). More recent filming has included BBC television's spy-drama Spooks and
9898-458: Was nominated for the Palme d’Or . The court of inquiry of Commanding Lieutenant William Bligh for the loss of HMS Bounty to mutineers begins. Via flashbacks, Bounty sets out from Portsmouth, England on 23 December 1787, on an expedition to Tahiti to gather breadfruit pods for transplantation in the Caribbean, Bligh electing to sail the ship west round the tip of South America to use
9999-514: Was released in the U.S. in 1984 and again in 1994 on the LaserDisc format. The film was released as a special-edition DVD in the United Kingdom in March 2002 by Sanctuary with five extra features, including separate audio commentaries , first by the director Roger Donaldson, producer Bernie Williams and production designer John Graysmark and solo commentary by maritime historian Stephen Walters,
10100-494: Was still attached, Christopher Reeve was the favorite to play Fletcher Christian. Lean had enjoyed Superman and Katharine Hepburn had recommended Reeve to Lean. "It's not a remake", said Reeve. "The other versions were just remakes of the first movie. This is the true story based on the diaries of those actually on the Bounty and from the trial of the mutineers. It's the best screenplay I've ever read and it would be an honor and
10201-426: Was stubborn and didn't suffer fools, but he was brilliant and just had a lot of bad luck." Bligh is portrayed as a man who is hot-tempered and foul-mouthed, but only scolds when necessary and is relatively sparing in his punishments, even clearly disliking the order to have his men flogged. On the one hand, he takes his sense of discipline and command too far when scolding Christian about the ship being filthy, exceeding
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