71-602: The Victoria University of Manchester , usually referred to as simply the University of Manchester , was a university in Manchester , England. It was founded in 1851 as Owens College . In 1880, the college joined the federal Victoria University . After the demerger of the Victoria University, it gained an independent university charter in 1904 as the Victoria University of Manchester. On 1 October 2004,
142-472: A governor of the college and was the largest single donor to the college extension fund, which raised the money to move to a new site and construct the main building now known as the John Owens building. He also campaigned and helped fund the engineering chair, the first applied science department in the north of England. He left the college the equivalent of £10 million in his will in 1876, at a time when it
213-438: A house which had been the residence of Richard Cobden . In 1859, Owens College was approved as a provincial examination centre for matriculation candidates of the University of London . As the college progressed the premises became inadequate so a move to Chorlton on Medlock was planned in 1871. Alfred Waterhouse was the architect of the new college building, west of Oxford Road, which was opened in 1873. Owens College became
284-500: A hub and spoke structure, with the hub located at Manchester, and the spokes based at the University of Cambridge , Imperial College London , and the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign . In 2020 the university saw a series of student rent strikes and protests in opposition to the university's handling of the COVID-19 pandemic , rent levels and living conditions in the university's halls of residence. The protests ended with
355-517: A negotiated rent reduction. In 2023, a second rent strike and student protest in opposition to the university's rent price and living conditions in the halls of residence started. The protests included occupations, marches and student's withholding their rent in University accommodation. The university's response to the protests included using bailiffs to evict occupiers and taking disciplinary action against some occupiers. Despite outcry from
426-613: A sale of unused assets. These include: The buildings around the Old Quadrangle date from the time of Owens College, and were designed in a Gothic style by Alfred Waterhouse and his son Paul Waterhouse . The first to be built was the John Owens Building (1873), formerly the Main Building; the others were added over the next thirty years. Today, the museum continues to occupy part of one side, including
497-483: A single institution in March 2003. Before the merger, Victoria University of Manchester and UMIST counted 23 Nobel Prize winners amongst their former staff and students, with two further Nobel laureates being subsequently added. Manchester has traditionally been strong in the sciences; it is where the nuclear nature of the atom was discovered by Ernest Rutherford , and the world's first electronic stored-program computer
568-698: Is a public research university in Manchester , England. The main campus is south of Manchester City Centre on Oxford Road . The university owns and operates major cultural assets such as the Manchester Museum , The Whitworth art gallery, the John Rylands Library , the Tabley House Collection and the Jodrell Bank Observatory – a UNESCO World Heritage Site . The University of Manchester
639-479: Is considered a red brick university , a product of the civic university movement of the late 19th century. The current University of Manchester was formed in 2004 following the merger of the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST) and the Victoria University of Manchester. This followed a century of the two institutions working closely with one another. The University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology had its origins in
710-759: Is home to four schools: Additionally, the faculty comprises a number of research institutes: the Centre for New Writing, the Institute for Social Change, the Brooks World Poverty Institute, Humanitarian and Conflict Response Institute, the Manchester Institute for Innovation Research, the Research Institute for Cosmopolitan Cultures, the Centre for Chinese Studies, the Institute for Development Policy and Management,
781-483: Is named after Sir Bernard Lovell , a professor at the Victoria University of Manchester who first proposed the telescope . Constructed in the 1950s, it is the third largest fully movable radio telescope in the world. It has played an important role in the research of quasars , pulsars and gravitational lenses , and in confirming Einstein's theory of General Relativity . The Faculty of Humanities
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#1732772302626852-552: Is situated in a Victorian Gothic building on Deansgate , in the city centre . It houses an important collection of historic books and other printed materials, manuscripts, including archives and papyri. The papyri are in ancient languages and include the oldest extant New Testament document, Rylands Library Papyrus P52 , commonly known as the St John Fragment . In April 2007 the Deansgate site reopened to readers and
923-826: Is the third-largest university in the United Kingdom by total enrolment and receives over 92,000 undergraduate applications per year, making it the most popular university in the UK by volume of applications. The University of Manchester is a member of the Russell Group , the N8 Group , and the US-based Universities Research Association . The University of Manchester, inclusive of its predecessor institutions, has had 26 Nobel laureates amongst its past and present students and staff,
994-570: The Mechanics' Institute , which was founded in 1824. The present University of Manchester considers this date, which is also the date of foundation of the Royal School of Medicine and Surgery , one of the predecessor institutions of the Victoria University of Manchester, as its official foundation year, as indicated in its crest and logo. The founders of the institute believed that all professions somewhat relied on scientific principles. As such,
1065-544: The Mediterranean , and beetles, armour and archery from Asia. In November 2004, the museum acquired a cast of a fossilised Tyrannosaurus rex called "Stan". The museum's first collections were assembled in 1821 by the Manchester Society of Natural History , and subsequently expanded by the addition of the collections of Manchester Geological Society. Due to the society's financial difficulties and on
1136-836: The Stephen Joseph Studio , a former German Protestant church and the Samuel Alexander Building, a grade II listed building erected in 1919 and home of the School of Arts, Languages and Cultures. In the Sackville Street Campus is the Sackville Street Building which was formerly UMIST's "Main Building". It was opened in 1902 by the then Prime Minister , Arthur Balfour . Built using Burmantofts terracotta ,
1207-421: The campus , however Manchester is not a campus university as the concept is commonly understood. It is centrally located in the city and its buildings are integrated into the fabric of Manchester, with non-university buildings and major roads between. The campus occupies an area shaped roughly like a boot: the foot of which is aligned roughly south-west to north-east and is joined to the broader southern part of
1278-651: The Centre for Equity in Education and the Sustainable Consumption Institute. A number of professional services, organised as "directorates", support the university. These include: Directorate of Compliance and Risk, Directorate of Estates and Facilities, Directorate of Finance, Directorate of Planning, Directorate of Human Resources, Directorate of IT Services, Directorate of Legal Affairs and Board Secretariat and Governance Office, Directorate of Research and Business Engagement, Directorate for
1349-413: The School of Medical Sciences and the School of Health Sciences. Biological Sciences have been taught at Manchester as far back as the foundation of Owens College in 1851. At UMIST, biological teaching and research began in 1959, with the creation of a Biochemistry department. The present school, though unitary for teaching, is divided into a number of sections for research purposes. The medical college
1420-553: The Student Experience, Division of Communications and Marketing, Division of Development and Alumni Relations, Office for Social Responsibility and the University Library. Additionally, professional services staff are found within the faculty structure, in such roles as technician and experimental officer. Each directorate reports to the registrar, secretary and chief operating officer, who in turn reports to
1491-659: The UK. The Langworthy Professorship, an endowed chair at the university's Department of Physics and Astronomy, has been historically given to a long line of academic luminaries, including Ernest Rutherford (1907–19), Lawrence Bragg (1919–37), Patrick Blackett (1937–53) and more recently Konstantin Novoselov, all of whom have won the Nobel Prize. In 2013 Manchester was given the Regius Professorship in Physics,
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#17327723026261562-541: The University of Manchester announced the results of a review of the position of life sciences as a separate faculty. As a result of this review the Faculty of Life Sciences was to be dismantled, most of its personnel to be incorporated into a single medical/biological faculty, with a substantial minority being incorporated into a science and engineering faculty. The faculty is divided into the School of Biological Sciences ,
1633-400: The University of Manchester had endowments of £221.6 million (2021/22 – £223.5 million) and total net assets of £1.886 billion (2021/22 – £1.808 billion). The University of Manchester is the 3rd largest university in the UK (following The Open University and University College London). The University of Manchester attracts international students from 160 countries around
1704-654: The Victoria University and the Victoria University of Manchester, flanking the gates. This is a list of books about the Victoria University of Manchester and its predecessor Owens College. University Too Many Requests If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.133 via cp1102 cp1102, Varnish XID 546262724 Upstream caches: cp1102 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 05:38:22 GMT University of Manchester The University of Manchester
1775-400: The Victoria University of Manchester merged with the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST) to form a new, larger entity named the University of Manchester . Owens College was founded in 1851, named after John Owens , a textile merchant, who left a bequest of £96,942 for the purpose. Its first accommodation was at Cobden House on Quay Street , Manchester, in
1846-611: The archives do not record the reasons for its choice. The original verse refers to a serpent and the sun, both of which featured in the university coat of arms . The serpent is traditionally associated with wisdom. The arms were granted in October 1871 to Owens College while the Victoria University had arms of its own which fell into abeyance from 1904 upon the merger of the college with the University. According to Norman Marlow (A. N. Marlow, Senior Lecturer in Latin, Department of Classics at
1917-470: The basic principles of science. John Owens , a textile merchant, left a bequest of £96,942 in 1846 (around £5.6 million in 2005 prices) to found a college to educate men on non-sectarian lines. His trustees established Owens College in 1851 in a house on the corner of Quay Street and Byrom Street which had been the home of the philanthropist Richard Cobden , and subsequently housed Manchester County Court . The locomotive designer Charles Beyer became
1988-490: The boot by an area of overlap between former UMIST and former VUM buildings; it comprises two parts: The names are not officially recognised by the university, but are commonly used, including in parts of its website and roughly correspond to the campuses of the old UMIST and Victoria University respectively. Fallowfield Campus is the main residential campus in Fallowfield , approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) south of
2059-502: The building is now Grade II listed . It was extended along Whitworth Street, towards London Road, between 1927 and 1957 by the architects Bradshaw Gass & Hope , completion being delayed due to the depression in the 1930s and the Second World War . The University of Manchester was divided into four faculties, but from 1 August 2016 it was restructured into three faculties, each sub-divided into schools. On 25 June 2015,
2130-405: The coat of arms was applied for – suggesting both the idea of the institution striving towards excellence, and the city (with its particularly high annual rainfall) 'reaching upwards with difficulty towards the sun'. The emblem of the university in use for a number of years (last used September 2004) was based on the archway into the quadrangle from Oxford Road, where there are two coats of arms, of
2201-447: The college. It also educated the young J. J. Thomson before he went to Trinity College, Cambridge Since the later 1800s, many notable people have worked and studied at the Victoria University of Manchester as, for example, Benedict Cumberbatch . The motto of the university was Arduus ad solem , meaning "striving towards the sun". It is a metaphor for aspiring to enlightenment . It is quoted from Virgil 's Aeneid , Book II, and
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2272-667: The departments of: Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science , Computer Science , Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering . The School of Natural Sciences comprises the departments of: Chemistry , Earth and Environmental Sciences , Physics and Astronomy , Materials and Mathematics . The Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics comprises the university's astronomical academic staff in Manchester and Jodrell Bank Observatory on rural land near Goostrey , about ten miles (16 km) west of Macclesfield . The observatory's Lovell Telescope
2343-403: The end of the 2009–2010 academic year. His successor was Dame Nancy Rothwell , who had held a chair in physiology at the university since 1994. Nancy served as Vice Chancellor from 2010 to 2024 before handing over to Duncan Ivison . The Nancy Rothwell Building was named in her honour. One of the university's aims stated in the Manchester 2015 Agenda is to be one of the top 25 universities in
2414-576: The extension movement, had studied at Heidelberg University . Sir Henry Roscoe also studied at Heidelberg under Robert Bunsen and they collaborated for many years on research projects. Roscoe promoted the German style of research-led teaching that became the role model for the red-brick universities. Charles Beyer studied at Dresden Academy Polytechnic. There were many Germans on the staff, including Carl Schorlemmer , Britain's first chair in organic chemistry, and Arthur Schuster , professor of physics. There
2485-548: The first affiliate college of the federal Victoria University in 1880. In 1884, University College Liverpool also joined the Victoria University, followed in 1887 by the Yorkshire College in Leeds . In 1903, University College Liverpool left the Victoria University to become the independent University of Liverpool ; Leeds followed in 1904 to become the University of Leeds . The new Victoria University of Manchester
2556-415: The following year. By 1905, the two institutions were large and active forces. The Municipal College of Technology, forerunner of UMIST, was the Victoria University of Manchester's Faculty of Technology while continuing in parallel as a technical college offering advanced courses of study. Although UMIST achieved independent university status in 1955, the universities continued to work together. However, in
2627-516: The formation of the National Graphene Institute . The University of Manchester is the "single supplier invited to submit a proposal for funding the new £45m institute, £38m of which will be provided by the government" – (EPSRC & Technology Strategy Board ). In 2013, an additional £23 million of funding from European Regional Development Fund was awarded to the institute taking investment to £61 million. In August 2012, it
2698-517: The fourth largest number of any single university in the United Kingdom (after Oxford, Cambridge and UCL) and the ninth largest of any university in Europe. Furthermore, according to an academic poll two of the top ten discoveries by university academics and researchers were made at the university (namely the first working computer and the contraceptive pill). The university currently employs four Nobel Prize winners amongst its staff, more than any other in
2769-510: The fourth-highest number of any single university in the United Kingdom. The University of Manchester traces its roots to the formation of the Mechanics' Institute (later UMIST ) in 1824, and its heritage is linked to Manchester's pride in being the world's first industrial city. The English chemist John Dalton , together with Manchester businessmen and industrialists, established the Mechanics' Institute to ensure that workers could learn
2840-523: The institute taught working individuals branches of science applicable to their existing occupations. They believed that the practical application of science would encourage innovation and advancements within those trades and professions. The Victoria University of Manchester was founded in 1851, as Owens College. Academic research undertaken by the university was published via the Manchester University Press from 1904. Manchester
2911-431: The late-20th century, formal connections between the university and UMIST diminished and in 1994 most of the remaining institutional ties were severed as new legislation allowed UMIST to become an autonomous university with powers to award its own degrees. A decade later the development was reversed. The Victoria University of Manchester and the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology agreed to merge into
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2982-619: The main site. There are other university buildings across the city and the wider region, such as Jodrell Bank Observatory in Cheshire and One Central Park in Moston, a collaboration between the university and other partners which offers office space for start-up firms and venues for conferences and workshops, Following the merger, the university embarked on a £600 million programme of capital investment, to deliver eight new buildings and 15 major refurbishment projects by 2010, partly financed by
3053-558: The most research income from UK industry of any institution in the country. The figures, from the Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA), show that Manchester attracted £24,831,000 of research income in 2016–2017 from UK industry, commerce and public corporations. Historically, Manchester has been linked with high scientific achievement: the university and its constituent former institutions combined had 25 Nobel laureates among their students and staff,
3124-431: The offices of registrar and bursar as that of registrar and secretary, the last holder of this post was Eddie Newcomb (1995–2004). In the early decades of Owens College, a few outstanding faculty members set high standards for the new institution. These included statistician Stanley Jevons , jurist James Bryce , William Eyre Walker (Art Master) and particularly Henry Enfield Roscoe Professor of Chemistry and Principal of
3195-586: The oldest part of the Manchester Business School , Devonshire House and Crawford House and St Peter's House, the University Chaplaincy. It stood on Booth Street East and Booth Street West and Oxford Road ran through it at ground level. The architects were Wilson & Womersley, in association with the university's planning officer, H. Thomas; for St Peter's House the architects were Cruickshank & Seward. The Precinct Centre
3266-466: The only one of its kind in the UK; the current holder is Andre Geim . The University of Manchester Library is the largest non- legal deposit library in the UK and the third-largest academic library after those of Oxford and Cambridge . It has the largest collection of electronic resources of any library in the UK. The John Rylands Library , founded in memory of John Rylands by his wife Enriqueta Augustina Rylands as an independent institution,
3337-662: The present time the Manchester Medical School in Coupland Street. In the mid-1960s the university and the city corporation commissioned Hugh Wilson and Lewis Womersley to produce a new plan for the campus. The final report was issued in 1966; it recommended removing traffic from Oxford Road to the adjacent main routes east and west, and building of the Precinct Centre – subsequently constructed in 1970–1972. The Precinct Centre building included
3408-758: The president of the university. There is also a director of faculty operations in each faculty, overseeing support for these areas. In the financial year ending 31 July 2023, the University of Manchester had a total income of £1.346 billion (2021/22 – £1.218 billion) and total expenditure of £1.239 billion (2021/22 – £1.319 billion). Key sources of income included £659.9 million from tuition fees and education contracts (2021/22 – £638.2 million), £184.2 million from funding body grants (2021/22 – £136.5 million), £271.1 million from research grants and contracts (2021/22 – £270.6 million) and £36.0 million from endowment and investment income (2021/22 – £13.5 million). At year end
3479-596: The public after major improvements and renovations, including the construction of the pitched roof originally intended and a new wing. The Manchester Museum holds nearly 4.25 million items sourced from many parts of the world. The collections include butterflies and carvings from India, birds and bark-cloth from the Pacific, live frogs and ancient pottery from America, fossils and native art from Australia, mammals and ancient Egyptian craftsmanship from Africa, plants, coins and minerals from Europe, art from past civilisations of
3550-468: The sixth largest research income of any English university (after Oxford , University College London (UCL), Cambridge, Imperial and King's College London), and has been informally referred to as part of a "golden diamond" of research-intensive UK institutions (adding Manchester to the Oxford–Cambridge–London " Golden Triangle "). Manchester has a strong record in terms of securing funding from
3621-401: The students - which included a referendum where 97% of students voted for the university to reduce rent prices, the following year the university continued to increase rent prices for its students. Some of the university-owned accommodation increased by up to 10% in rent price, compared to the previous year. The university's main site contains most of its facilities and is often referred to as
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#17327723026263692-435: The three main UK research councils, EPSRC , Medical Research Council (MRC) and Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), being ranked fifth, seventh and first respectively. In addition, the university is one of the richest in the UK in terms of income and interest from endowments: an estimate in 2008 placed it third, surpassed only by Oxford and Cambridge. The University of Manchester has attracted
3763-588: The time it merged with UMIST. It was regarded as one of the top universities in the country, frequently achieving top ratings for research. The chief officers of the university were the vice-chancellor, the registrar, the bursar and the librarian . In later years many administrative changes were made that increased the independence of the Director of Estates and Services, the Director of the Manchester Computing Centre, and eventually combined
3834-535: The top ten institutions worldwide in COPD research and treatment. In 1883, a department of pharmacy was established at the university and, in 1904, Manchester became the first British university to offer an honours degree in the subject. The School of Pharmacy benefits from links with Manchester Royal Infirmary and UHSM/ Wythenshawe and Salford Royal (formally known as Hope) hospitals providing its undergraduate students with hospital experience. Manchester Dental School
3905-572: The tower. The grand setting of the Whitworth Hall is used for the conferment of degrees, and part of the old Christie Library (1898) now houses Christie's Bistro. The remainder of the buildings house administrative departments. The less easily accessed Rear Quadrangle, dating mostly from 1873, is older in its completed form than the Old Quadrangle. Contact stages modern live performance for all ages, and participatory workshops primarily for young people aged 13 to 30. The building on Devas Street
3976-457: The university in the 1960s), the motto Arduus ad solem – taken from Aeneid II – was a play on words, relating to Manchester's geographical situation. The Virgilian context referred to Pyrrhus, appearing in shining armour 'like a snake which has sloughed its skin, reaching upwards with an effort towards the sun'; the motto was chosen by the Professor of Latin at the time ( Augustus Wilkins ) and
4047-415: The university was to merge with UMIST on 1 October 2004, to form the largest conventional university in the UK, the University of Manchester , following which the Victoria University of Manchester and UMIST would cease to exist. The new university was inaugurated on 1 October 2004. The university had more than 18,000 full-time students (including 2500 international students from more than 120 countries) by
4118-486: The world, following on from Alan Gilbert's aim to "establish it by 2015 among the 25 strongest research universities in the world on commonly accepted criteria of research excellence and performance". In 2011, four Nobel laureates were on its staff: Andre Geim , Konstantin Novoselov , Sir John Sulston and Joseph E. Stiglitz . The Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) announced in February 2012
4189-408: The world. Well-known members of the university's current academic staff include computer scientist Steve Furber , economist Richard Nelson , novelist Jeanette Winterson , and Professor Brian Cox . The University of Manchester is a major centre for research and a member of the Russell Group of leading British research universities. In the 2021 Research Excellence Framework , the university
4260-422: Was announced that the university's Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences had been chosen to be the "hub" location for a new BP International Centre for Advanced Materials, as part of a $ 100 million initiative to create industry-changing materials. The centre will be aimed at advancing fundamental understanding and use of materials across a variety of oil and gas industrial applications and will be modelled on
4331-666: Was built at the university. Notable scientists associated with the university include physicists Ernest Rutherford , Osborne Reynolds , Niels Bohr , James Chadwick , Arthur Schuster , Hans Geiger , Ernest Marsden and Balfour Stewart . Contributions in other fields such as mathematics were made by Paul Erdős , Horace Lamb and Alan Turing and in philosophy by Samuel Alexander , Ludwig Wittgenstein and Alasdair MacIntyre . The author Anthony Burgess , Pritzker Prize and RIBA Stirling Prize -winning architect Norman Foster and composer Peter Maxwell Davies all attended, or worked at, Manchester. The current University of Manchester
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#17327723026264402-484: Was completed in 1999 incorporating parts of its 1960s predecessor. It has a unique energy-efficient ventilation system, using its high towers to naturally ventilate the building without the use of air conditioning. The colourful and curvaceous interior houses three performance spaces, a lounge bar and Hot Air , a reactive public artwork in the foyer. Other notable buildings in the Oxford Road Campus include
4473-609: Was established by royal charter on 15 July 1903; the university and Owens College were merged by Act of Parliament on 24 June 1904. The Manchester University Press was founded by James Tait in 1904 (as the Publications Committee of the University), initially to publish academic research being undertaken at the Victoria University of Manchester. The office was accommodated in a house in Lime Grove. Distribution
4544-579: Was established in 1874 and is one of the largest in the country, with more than 400 medical students trained in each clinical year and more than 350 students in the pre-clinical/phase 1 years. The university is a founding partner of the Manchester Academic Health Science Centre , established to focus high-end healthcare research in Greater Manchester. In November 2018, Expertscape recognized it as one of
4615-468: Was even a German chapel on the campus. In 1873, Owens College moved to new premises on Oxford Road , Chorlton-on-Medlock , and from 1880 it was a constituent college of the federal Victoria University . This university was established and granted a royal charter in 1880, becoming England's first civic university; following Liverpool and Leeds becoming independent, it was renamed the Victoria University of Manchester in 1903 and absorbed Owens College
4686-580: Was in great financial difficulty. Beyer funded the total cost of construction of the Beyer Building to house the biology and geology departments. His will also funded Engineering chairs and the Beyer Professor of Applied mathematics . The university has a rich German heritage. The Owens College Extension Movement formed their plans after a tour of mainly German universities and polytechnics. A Manchester mill owner, Thomas Ashton, chairman of
4757-568: Was officially launched on 1 October 2004 when Queen Elizabeth II bestowed its royal charter . The university was named the Sunday Times University of the Year in 2006 after winning the inaugural Times Higher Education Supplement University of the Year prize in 2005. The founding president and vice-chancellor of the new university was Alan Gilbert , former vice-chancellor of the University of Melbourne , who retired at
4828-481: Was ranked fifth in the UK in terms of research power and eighth for grade point average quality of staff submitted among multi-faculty institutions (tenth when including specialist institutions). In the 2014 Research Excellence Framework , the university was ranked fifth in the UK in terms of research power and fifteenth for grade point average quality of staff submitted among multi-faculty institutions (seventeenth when including specialist institutions). Manchester has
4899-409: Was rated the country's best dental school by Times Higher Education in 2010 and 2011 and it is one of the best funded because of its emphasis on research and enquiry-based learning approach. The university has obtained multimillion-pound backing to maintain its high standard of dental education . The Faculty of Science and Engineering is divided into two schools. The School of Engineering comprises
4970-454: Was the largest public building completed in the campus redevelopment, containing office and shopping space, a pub, library and post office amongst other town centre facilities, designed to separate pedestrians from traffic. The Precinct Centre was demolished in August 2015 as part of Manchester University's £50m redevelopment of Manchester Business School. On 5 March 2003 it was announced that
5041-408: Was then in the hands of Sherratt & Hughes of Manchester; from 1913 the distributors were Longmans, Green & Co. though this arrangement came to an end in the 1930s. The MUP offices moved several times to make way for other developments within the university. Since 1951 these have been Grove House , Oxford Road, then the former University Dental Hospital of Manchester ( illustrated ) and until
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