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96-416: A typical program included a mix of vocal and instrumental performances, comedy routines, square dancing and an occasional novelty act. The host was Red Foley , one of the nation's top country music personalities having been ranked by Billboard as the #5 Top Country Artist for the 1940s and #5 in the 1950s. Big names such as Patsy Cline , Eddy Arnold , Johnny Cash and Faron Young were interspersed with

192-492: A mnemonic device, in that dancers associate the execution of the step with the particular sounds. A rhyming or punning word-play on the name of the call is common. For example, the response "Pink Lemonade" mirrors rhythmically and rhymes with the call "Triple Trade". Problems with sound effects can occur when they make it difficult to hear the caller's cues , or are shouted too loud ; however, in practice such situations are rare . Games refer to rule bending games that increase

288-463: A tape recording of Lee singing "Jambalaya" on an Augusta radio show with a snapshot of Lee in Cincinnati, Ohio with Jimmie Skinner (who had appeared on the show in 1955). He booked her network debut for March 31, 1956 to sing "Jambalaya" on the second "Junior Jubilee" edition of the show. The New York Journal American ' s Jack O'Brien began his April 1 column with, "Didn't catch the name of

384-402: A tip , typically consists of two dances. The first dance part is known as a hash call, which is characterized by its unstructured and often puzzling dance choreography . The music is usually instrumental and the calls are typically not sung, but rather rhythmically spoken. The second dance part of a square dance tip is a singing call. The dance instructions are sung as well as the lyrics during

480-679: A 25 hour day. The boundaries of the Eastern Time Zone have moved westward since the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) took over time-zone management from railroads in 1938. The easternmost and northernmost counties in Kentucky were added to the zone in the 1940s, and in 1961 most of the state went Eastern. In 2000, Wayne County , on the Tennessee border, switched from Central to Eastern Time. Within

576-581: A dress code. Dress code is more relaxed in the UK than in North America, and to some extent than in Northern Europe. Square dance attire for men includes long-sleeved western and western-style shirts, dress slacks, scarf or string ties ( bolos ) or kerchiefs, metal tips on shirt collars and boot tips, and sometimes cowboy hats and boots. It is very unusual to see hats and cowboy boots at dances in

672-512: A duet with Foley; "I Don't Wanna Know"; and "Then You'll Know". During the program, Foley presented Cline with The Billboard 's Most Promising County & Western Female Artist award, and Music Vendor magazine's award for Greatest Achievement in Records in 1957 (for "Walkin' After Midnight"). In 1958, Cline appeared on February 21 and April 26. On November 7, 1959, she sang "Walkin' After Midnight" and "Come on In", then "Let's Go to Church" as

768-728: A duet with Slim Wilson. On December 7, she sang her "Got a Lot of Rhythm in My Soul" and " Lovesick Blues ", released in January 1960; and sang duets with Ferlin Husky ( "Let it Snow" ) and Foley (" Winter Wonderland "). On June 4, 1960, Cline soloed with "Lovesick Blues" and "How Can I Face Tomorrow", released in July; and sang "I'm Hogtied Over You" with Cowboy Copas and "Rueben, Reuben" with June Valli and Eddy Arnold. Every fourth Saturday from March 31 through September 15 (and on December 13), 1956,

864-523: A few major-market affiliates such as WABC-TV took advantage of network break-away cues to carry 30- or, when it was 90 minutes, 60-minute portions. ABC promoted and sold the program as prime family entertainment. Sponsors included the American Chicle Co. , Rolaids , Anacin (1956), Williamson-Dickie (1957–60), Massey Ferguson (1958–60), Arrid , Postum (1958), Carter's Little Pills and Sargent's Dog Care Products (1960); and

960-416: A flourish can interfere with proper execution of a call. For any of these reasons, dancers may ask that flourishes be limited while they are dancing. Sound effects are standard responses to the caller. These include vocalized sounds, hand claps and foot stomps. Sound effects are generally well accepted , as they do not change either the timing or the execution of the step. The sound effects often serve as

1056-579: A line in Springfield, Missouri?" In the next week 25,258 cards and letters arrived from 45 of the 48 states , and the show typically received 6,000 letters each week. In May 1955, carried by 72 ABC affiliates, it was the only TV show with an audience equally divided among men, women and children, according to the American Research Bureau (ARB). For 1955, ABC reported these achievements for the program, citing ARB data: By early 1956,

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1152-495: A live audience, hosted by Bill Bailey. The two-and-a-half-hour radio version, hosted by Foley, began July 17, 1954 on KWTO from Springfield's 1,100-seat Jewell Theatre , a former movie theater. ABC Radio began carrying 30 minutes of the program August 7, and added another half-hour on a delayed basis on Tuesday nights starting October 5. The KYTV show followed with 90-minute TV simulcasts from the theater starting September 4, 1954. The program debuted on ABC-TV on January 22, 1955, but

1248-508: A national dance began in 1965, with more than 30 bills introduced in Congress. This succeeded in 1982, when it was a bill passed by Congress and the Senate designated it a national dance from 1982 until it expired in 1993. This was criticized as preferring square dance over numerous other American styles of dance, as well as square dancing having no relevance to urban and minority populations in

1344-584: A regular cast, including a group of young talent the Jubilee brought to national fame: 11-year-old Brenda Lee , Porter Wagoner , Wanda Jackson , Sonny James , Jean Shepard and The Browns . Other featured cast members were Webb Pierce , Bobby Lord , Leroy Van Dyke , Norma Jean and Carl Smith . Carl Perkins , singing " Blue Suede Shoes ", made his TV debut on the series, which showcased hundreds of popular artists performing everything from rockabilly , country and western , bluegrass and honky tonk to

1440-437: A singing quartet later known as The Marksmen (George Richardson, Les Robertson, Don Taylor and Earl Terry); Harold Morrison (banjo) and Jimmy Gately (guitar), a bluegrass duo; and The Wagoner Trio, made up of Wagoner, Haworth and Don Warden (steel guitar). The house band was first known as The Crossroads Boys, composed of Grady Martin, Billy Burke, Bud Isaacs, Tommy Jackson, Paul Mitchell, Jimmy Selph, Bob Moore and Mel Bly; but

1536-481: A single strap and low heel. There are many additions to or variations from standard square dancing, which have gained headway over the years. These are not universally recognized, and they are not all equally accepted or considered acceptable under all circumstances, or in all areas. Some of these are of local nature, and others are more widely known. These variations fall into the following basic categories: Flourishes are movements either in addition to or replacing

1632-638: A special edition of Ozark Jubilee showcased young country music performers. "Junior Jubilee" aired from 7:30–8 p.m. when ABC televised The Grand Ole Opry from 8–9 p.m. Although Foley appeared, 10-year-old singer Libby Horne of McAlester, Oklahoma was the ostensible emcee. Little Johnny Edwards 6-year-old singer of Sarcoxie, Missouri 1956. Brenda Lee made her first appearances on the program. Other performers included seven-year-old singer "Cookie" McKinney, guitarist John "Bucky" Wilkin , 12-year-old fiddler Clyde Wayne Spears, singer-guitarist Mike Breid, seven-year-old Billy Joe Morris, and child square dancers

1728-601: A stepping-stone for numerous country stars. Their stable of country music shows and talent grew, and Foster believed Springfield could dethrone Nashville to become the "crossroads of country music." He realized television was the key, and named his new company Crossroads TV Productions, Inc., with Siman and John B. Mahaffey (Foster's nephew) as managing vice presidents. A financial backer was local businessman Lester E. Cox . In December 1953, they launched Ozark Jubilee on Springfield's KYTV-TV . In April 1954, after extensive negotiations, Siman lured Red Foley from Nashville to host

1824-464: A summer spin-off called Five Star Jubilee from March 17–September 22. Starting in May, it was the first network color television series to originate outside New York City or Hollywood. The weekly program featured five rotating hosts: Snooky Lanson , Tex Ritter, Jimmy Wakely, Carl Smith and Rex Allen. Produced from Springfield's Landers Theatre , it was similar to Jubilee USA and featured some of

1920-500: A third added a year later. Vocals of some hit songs were lip-synched . Overhead shots of square dancing and for other creative purposes were accomplished using a large mirror angled above the stage. One 1960 show included an elephant from a visiting Adams & Sells Circus quietly performing on stage behind an "oblivious" Uncle Cyp. The program had two remote broadcasts : June 22, 1957 from the Oklahoma State Fair during

2016-532: A time, it was almost impossible to sell country music in a place like New York City. Nowadays, television takes us everywhere, and country music records and sheet music sell as well in large cities as anywhere else." In return, the Jubilee gave many of the biggest names in country music their first experiences performing on television. The program also gave national exposure to a number of female country music pioneers, including Patsy Cline, Brenda Lee, Wanda Jackson, Jan Howard, Jean Shepard, Kitty Wells and Norma Jean;

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2112-582: A visiting Jubilee promotional unit at Bell Auditorium. A local disc jockey convinced Foley to hear her sing before the show. He was stunned and agreed to let Lee perform "Jambalaya" that night. Foley later recalled his reaction: I still get cold chills thinking about the first time I heard that voice. One foot started patting rhythm as though she was stomping out a prairie fire but not another muscle in that little body even as much as twitched. And when she did that trick of breaking her voice, it jarred me out of my trance enough to realize I'd forgotten to get off

2208-440: Is 120–128 bpm. At this speed dancers take one step per beat of the music. The square functions as a "dance team" for the duration of a square dance tip , a group of dances usually separated from the next tip by a pause during which the dancers regroup into new squares. A square dance tip is usually composed of a combination of patter calls and singing calls , the two types of square dance calls . Modern western square dancing

2304-638: Is a time zone encompassing part or all of 23 states in the eastern part of the United States , parts of eastern Canada , and the state of Quintana Roo in Mexico . On the second Sunday in March, at 2:00 a.m. EST, clocks are advanced to 3:00 a.m. EDT, creating a 23 hour day. On the first Sunday in November, at 2:00 a.m. EDT, clocks are moved back to 1:00 a.m. EST, which results in

2400-423: Is a non-competitive activity. There are no dance competitions, and apart from fun events, no prizes are ever offered or sought for 'best dancer' or 'best square'. Particularly at the 'challenge' levels there is large degree of personal satisfaction to be gained from the problem solving element of completing a dance. At all levels the main elements are to enjoy the dance, and to exercise. Modern western square dancing

2496-504: Is directed by a caller . In modern western square dance the caller strings together a sequence of individual square dance calls to make a figure or sequence. These calls are the building blocks of the choreography that is danced by the individuals – square dancers – in the squares. There are eight people (four pairs of males and females, traditionally) in each square; at a dance there may be many squares. Generally speaking, each of these squares dances independently of each other, with

2592-520: Is due to their close proximity to Columbus, Georgia , which is on Eastern Time. In addition Smiths Station in Lee County along with Valley and Lanett in Chambers county honor Eastern Time. The Bahamas and Haiti officially observe both Eastern Standard Time during the winter months and Eastern Daylight Time during the summer months. Cuba generally follows the U.S. with Eastern Standard Time in

2688-483: Is found in many countries across the world. The main centers are where United States military servicemen spread the dance during the 1950s through 1980s. Modern square dancing is found in such diverse counties as Japan, Denmark, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Taiwan, Spain, Germany and Australia. The Callerlab organization has standardized dance calls, allowing dancers to dance anywhere in the world. Dancers learn

2784-573: The American West . The term western square dance , for some, is synonymous with "cowboy dance" or traditional western square dance. Therefore, this article uses the term "modern western square dance" to describe the contemporary non-historical dance which grew out of the traditional dance. Modern western square dance was the official dance of the United States from 1982 to 1993. Modern western square dance, like traditional square dance,

2880-516: The Bryan T. E. Bisney Ozark Jubilee Collection of Bisney's logbooks, notes and photos. Modern western square dance Modern western square dance (also called western square dance , contemporary western square dance , modern American square dance or modern square dance ) is one of two American types of square dancing , along with traditional square dance . As a dance form, modern western square dance grew out of traditional square dance in

2976-451: The Jubilee had earned a 19.2 Nielsen rating , and ARB estimated its weekly TV audience to be as high as 9,078,000. ( The $ 64,000 Question had the most viewers, 16,577,500.) By 1959 the show was carried by 150 affiliates, but rarely won its time slot, competing with such heavyweights as The Perry Como Show on NBC; and on CBS, The Honeymooners , Perry Mason , and in 1960, the top-rated Gunsmoke . Its ratings were also hampered when

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3072-448: The Jubilee , which gave her the opportunity to choose her own material for a national audience. She first appeared in January 1956, returning on April 21. In 1957, she appeared on February 9; and on June 22 (the Oklahoma State Fair remote) she performed " Walkin' After Midnight " and "Try Again". On August 10, 1957 she sang her new single, "Three Cigarettes (In an Ashtray)" and "Try Again". Her December 5 appearance included "Make Believe",

3168-400: The Jubilee . In 1955, Presley saw Charlie Hodge , his eventual friend and stage assistant, perform on the program. He first met Hodge when a Jubilee promotional unit later visited Memphis, Tennessee . That same year, Presley asked Bobby Lord to get him an appearance on the show, but Lord told Presley the producers viewed him as "a flash in the pan." Patsy Cline made sixteen appearances on

3264-533: The Jubilee ; and by August, was carrying a radio version hosted by Foley that had begun in July on KWTO. To represent the regular performers on KWTO and the Jubilee , in March 1955 Foster established Top Talent, Inc., in partnership with Siman; and to publish their songs, Siman established Earl Barton Music, Inc. with partners Foster, Mahaffey and Cox Siman also handled talent bookings for the show. Foster, known by cast and crew as "the Skipper", made an appearance on

3360-663: The March of Dimes poster family. Groups recognized on the program included the Girl Scouts and the Chiefs of Police. The Jubilee also staged performances for inmates at the US Medical Center for Federal Prisoners in Springfield, including special Christmas shows. During the program's 1955 premiere, Foley asked, "If you folks want us to come and visit at your house like this every Saturday night, why don't you drop me

3456-549: The Nashville sound , gospel and folk . Several now-legendary session musicians provided accompaniment at times during the show's run, including Grady Martin , Hank Garland , Bob Moore , Charlie Haden , Cecil Brower , Tommy Jackson and Bud Isaacs. The genial Foley closed each show from the Jewell Theatre in downtown Springfield with a "song of inspiration" or a recitation from his Keepsake Album ; and his sign-off

3552-465: The 17th century. Several of the dances included in the 1651 book The Dancing Master by John Playford are square dances. These dance styles were brought to the United States by European colonists in the 19th century. The distinctive call format of square dance was invented by black slaves, and when combined with European styles, evolved into traditional square dance , most popular in New England and

3648-404: The 9-year-old [ sic ] singer on last night's Ozark Jubilee but she belts a song like a star." The show received three times the usual fan mail with nearly every letter asking to see her again, and Lee's family soon moved to Springfield. Although her five-year contract with Top Talent was broken by a 1957 lawsuit brought by her mother and her manager, she made regular appearances on

3744-524: The Appalachians. When people from these regions began settling the West, these evolved into the cowboy dance , a direct predecessor to modern western square dance. By the early twentieth century, square dance was declining in popularity, lacking a new generation of young dancers to continue the practice. Lloyd Pappy Shaw , wishing to preserve square dance, traveled the country to record the calls used at

3840-826: The Eastern Time Zone. The boundary between time zones is set forth in the Code of Federal Regulations , with the boundary between the Eastern and Central Time Zones being specifically detailed in 49 C.F.R. part 71. Washington, D.C. , and 17 states are located entirely within the Eastern Time Zone. They are: Five states are divided between the Eastern Time Zone and the Central Time Zone . The following locations observe Eastern Time: Additionally, Phenix City, Alabama , and several nearby communities in Russell County, Alabama , unofficially observe Eastern Time. This

3936-472: The Good Lord Bless and Keep You ". The series was voted Best Country Music Show by Fame magazine's annual TV critics poll in 1957 and 1960. In 1961, NBC-TV carried a spin-off , Five Star Jubilee . The first (and first live) country music program on network television was Village Barn , broadcast from 1948–50 by NBC from a New York City nightclub. From the late 1940s through the 1950s,

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4032-500: The International Association of Square Dance Callers, the largest international square dance association, manages the most universally accepted and recognized lists. There are four main levels, some of which are divided into sublevels: Mainstream, Plus, Advanced (2 sublevels), and Challenge (5 sublevels, the top two levels of which are not managed). In general, the first three levels are more physically active than

4128-530: The Jewell (including extending the stage and adding a control room ), the program returned to the theater with the first broadcast April 30. The show was sent to KYTV by a local microwave link from the station's remote van. Rehearsals for Saturday shows were held on Fridays, with run-throughs Saturday afternoons. The program used equipment and staff from KYTV, which was then a dual ABC-NBC network affiliate. It debuted using two black-and-white RCA TK-11 cameras with

4224-496: The Ozark Sashayers (with caller Rex Kreider) and the teenage Wagon Wheelers (with caller Gary Ellison), made guest appearances. Foley's son-in-law, Pat Boone , occasionally appeared; as did his eldest daughter, Betty . Willie Nelson and his eventual third wife, Shirley Simpson , both auditioned for the show, but only Simpson (given the stage surname Caddell) made it. Many of the regular cast were natives or residents of

4320-518: The Ozarks. Over the years they included: Virtually every country music star of the day appeared on the Jubilee with the notable exception of Hank Snow , who maintained an allegiance to Nashville's Opry. Among them were: Other guests included Fran Allison in a recurring role as Aunt Fanny; actors Betty Ann Grove , Jim Brown and Duncan Renaldo ; and nationally syndicated columnist Earl Wilson . A young Wayne Newton performed with his brother as

4416-587: The Rascals in Rhythm. On January 14, 1956, the program's first anniversary, Tennessee Gov. Frank Clement , Missouri's U.S. senators Tom Hennings and Stuart Symington , and Missouri Lt. Gov. Jim Blair appeared, as did St. Louis Cardinals baseball star Stan Musial . On February 23, 1956, 11-year-old Brenda Lee , living in Augusta, Georgia , turned down $ 30 to sing on a Swainsboro radio station to see Foley and

4512-415: The U.S. networks carried a handful of other country music shows, including Hayloft Hoedown and ABC Barn Dance (ABC); Saturday Night Jamboree (NBC); and Windy City Jamboree and The Old American Barn Dance ( DuMont ). NBC and later ABC also aired Midwestern Hayride . The shows, however, were generally short-lived summer replacements and had few if any well-known performers. Ozark Jubilee

4608-519: The UK has seen diminishing numbers of dancers since the 1990s as the activity has failed to attract sufficient numbers of younger dancers. There is a great deal of debate as to how to arrest this decline, or even if the decline should be addressed and accepted as inevitable. British dancers tend to be older people - this is in contrast to countries such as Denmark and Germany where there are flourishing numbers of teenage, student, and family dancers. Eastern Time Zone The Eastern Time Zone ( ET )

4704-486: The UK. Traditional square dance attire for women include gingham or polka-spotted dresses with wide skirts or a wide gingham or patterned skirt in a strong dark color with a white puff-sleeve blouse. Often dancers wear specially-made square dance outfits, with multiple layers of crinolines , petticoats , or pettipants . Partners might have color- and pattern-coordinated outfits. Both sexes might wear boots, but women most commonly wear soft-soled slippers or shoes with

4800-787: The USA base in Tehran -The Tehran Twirlers - relocated briefly to RAF Alconbury following the 1979 Revolution in Iran. Since the 1960s, popularity of square dance has declined, as the square dance audience got older without young dancers to replace them. Square dance has also been gradually removed from public school curriculums. In the 1970s, the Callerlab organization was established that standardized dance calls. The 1970s and 1980s also found new audiences for square dance, most notably gay square dance and youth square dance . Since Square Dancing in

4896-580: The United States, the Eastern Time Zone is the most populous region, with nearly half of the country's population. In March 2019, the Florida Legislature passed a bill requesting authorization from Congress for year-round daylight saving time, which would effectively put Florida on Atlantic Standard Time year-round (except for west of the Apalachicola River , which would be on Eastern Standard Time year-round). A similar bill

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4992-482: The United States. Modern western square dance was brought to many countries through Square Dance clubs on American forces bases, where local community involvement often began to occur. This was particularly common in Britain where this legacy is seen with square dance clubs such as Alconbury Anglo-American SDC, originally based at RAF Alconbury , and Heyford Hoofers, originally at RAF Upper Heyford . The club based on

5088-581: The Whirli-jiggers. "Junior Jubilee" first appeared as a show segment on November 19, 1955, and returned as a portion of Jubilee USA on November 8, 1958. Foley periodically asked viewers to contribute to various charities, including the March of Dimes , Easter Seals , Community Chest , and aid following the 1960 Great Chilean earthquake . Guests in 1956 included the Polio Mother of the Year and

5184-563: The business or revenues of Nashville. Publicity surrounding federal income tax evasion charges pending against Foley during 1960 influenced ABC's decision to cancel the program, although his first trial that fall ended in a hung jury; and after a second trial he was quickly acquitted on April 23, 1961. The previous October, ABC had begun airing the popular Fight of the Week in the Jubilee's former time slot (the show had replaced The Saturday Night Fights in 1955). The Ozark Jubilee cast

5280-468: The challenge level (often referred to as challenge square dance ). Challenge square dance is more cerebral, and focuses on problem solving. At the basic square dance levels, the dancer is introduced to many square dance calls. A few of the most fundamental and well-known calls are " dosado ", " promenade ", and " right and left grand ". Among other things, the dancer is additionally trained to move smoothly and rhythmically, to appreciate timing, to execute

5376-406: The demand during the summers. The Jubilee regularly noted it was carried "coast to coast", and to promote the show, "personal appearance units", often including Foley, performed at state fairs and other venues in 42 states, Alaska (then a U.S. territory) and every Canadian province. Ozark Jubilee' s first broadcast was December 26, 1953 with an hour-long telecast from the studio of KYTV before

5472-464: The difficulty of a dance. These include dancing with fewer than 8 people in the square, changing partners in the middle of a tip, and changing squares in the middle of a tip. Playing games without the permission of the entire square (and often the caller) can be considered extremely rude , and may confuse other squares as well. Games can, however, be an excellent tool for improving square dance skills, especially in class or club situations, and often have

5568-503: The dress code, and this has led to the adoption of alternative less restrictive attire designations— "proper" attire and "casual" attire. Clubs that sponsor dances are free to select a less restrictive dress code and are encouraged to advertise the dress code that is appropriate for their dance. Some clubs drop the "traditional" dress code requirement for classes and for their summer dances, and some, like challenge groups , gay square dance clubs and youth square dance clubs , have never had

5664-419: The exception of specialty or "gimmick" dances, where there might be some crossover of dancers from one square to another. While traditional square dance uses live music, modern western square dancing is usually played from recordings. This allows more variety in music styles than in traditional square dance. The tempo is also more uniform than in traditional dancing, as the ideal modern western square dance tempo

5760-420: The final broadcast of Jubilee USA , singing "Woodman, Spare that Tree". By 1956, Springfield, with two other ABC shows, ranked behind only New York and Hollywood for originating network television programming. Top Talent was booking Jubilee artists across the country, and that April, the Jubilee had finished third among men. According to The St. Louis Post-Dispatch that February, "Springfield has become

5856-498: The first 14 national telecasts were staged at KOMU-TV in Columbia, Missouri because network television transmission capability from Springfield was not available. Columbia had a microwave transmitter , however, for ABC coverage of University of Missouri football games. After AT&T installed a microwave link in Springfield to transmit to Kansas City (which could feed to the network via Chicago), and modifications were made to

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5952-554: The function of allowing dancers who otherwise cannot form a complete square to participate in a dance. At the advanced and challenge levels, games include dancing phantom (missing one or more dancers), in a hexagon (6 couples in a square, consisting of three head couples and three side couples) or bigons (4 people, each of whom dances their own part and that of their opposite). Square dance originates from country dances practiced in Great Britain and Ireland dating as far back as

6048-456: The individual calls at sponsored square dance clubs classes, taught by square dance callers. Clubs also sponsor special social and dance evenings, as well as open square dances. The individual calls are categorized as belonging to a particular dance program, or level of difficulty. Each dance program has a list of defined dance steps , which is associated with it. These lists of dance steps are managed, and universally recognized. Callerlab ,

6144-542: The long duration calls. The music are often popular songs and the calls are timed to fit. During a singing call the female dancers temporarily switch partners in a counter-clockwise order around the square until they return to their original partners. The caller restores the original order of the square both at the end of the hash and the singing call. The duration time of a tip may vary, but is usually between ten and twenty minutes. Between tips, dancers are generally encouraged to find other dance partners and form new squares for

6240-524: The name was soon changed to Bill Wimberly and His Country Rhythm Boys, a seven-piece group that alternated weekly during 1955 with Grady Martin and His Winging Strings, featuring Moore, Jackson, Isaacs and Hank Garland. Pierce hosted the first half-hour of the 90-minute programs once a month beginning October 15, 1955; Wagoner and James joined him in monthly rotation from January through at least July 1956. Substitute hosts included Wilson, Eddy Arnold, and Jim Reeves (May–July 1958). The on-camera announcer

6336-492: The names of their hometowns. Producers estimated 350,000 people (from as many as 30 states on some nights) attended the performances at the Jewell from 1954–1960. Visitors also came from Canada, Mexico, Hawaii and Bermuda. Tickets had to be requested as long as six weeks in advance and it was believed to be the only network TV show with paid admission ($ 1.00 main floor, 75 cents balcony and 50 cents standing room). Second (non-broadcast) shows were frequently added to accommodate

6432-537: The next tip. Modern western square dance has developed a "look" that has become known as "square dance attire". This style of dress developed when square dancing's popularity in the United States increased after World War II, and began soaring during the 1950s and early 1960s. Several factors may have helped influence the look that has become known as "square dance attire". These include the visibility and popularity of square dance performers such as Lloyd "Pappy" Shaw ‘s traveling troupe of "teenage cowboy square dancers";

6528-565: The program aired from 7:30–8 p.m. every fourth Saturday when ABC televised The Grand Ole Opry live from 8–9 p.m. From March through September 1956, the "Junior Jubilee" edition aired in the 7:30–8 p.m. time slot. In contrast to many network series which went on summer hiatus, the Jubilee was live throughout the year. During the late 1940s and 1950s, Springfield broadcasters Ralph Foster and Si Siman produced nationally syndicated radio shows through Foster's RadiOzark Enterprises, and aired them locally over his KWTO , also

6624-482: The program throughout its run. Carl Perkins and the Perkins Brothers Band made their television debut on Ozark Jubilee on March 17, 1956, performing Perkins' No. 1 hit, "Blue Suede Shoes" and the B side, " Honey Don't ". The group included Perkins (lead guitar and vocalist), Jay Perkins (rhythm guitar), Clayton Perkins (bass guitar) and W.S. Holland (drums). Coincidentally, Elvis Presley performed

6720-523: The program were preserved at the UCLA Film and Television Archive . Missouri State University 's Meyer Library has partnered with the UCLA archives to digitize all viable episodes and post them on a dedicated YouTube channel. Digitizing each episode costs $ 2,500, and sponsorship opportunities are available. As of February 2023, more than 70 episodes or segments have been posted. Meyer Library also houses

6816-504: The recognized center of the country music world. In fact, it is generally agreed in television, recording and radio circles, that Springfield, now a city of 90,000, has shaken Nashville, Tennessee, home of The Grand Ole Opry and long-time mecca of hillbilly musicians, to its very foundations." But the 1957 departures of Porter Wagoner and Brenda Lee to the Music City signaled the shift would not be permanent, and Springfield never generated

6912-461: The same cast members, including Bobby Lord, the Promenaders and Slim Wilson's Jubilee Band. Barbara Mandrell made her network debut on the program. After cancellation by ABC, live performances from the Jewell Theatre continued over KWTO-AM (with 15 minutes carried by NBC Radio on Saturday afternoons through 1961), and groups of cast members continued making personal appearances. The theater

7008-547: The same days and at the same times as it does in the United States. In Canada , the following provinces and territories are part of the Eastern Time Zone: Within Canada, as with the United States, the Eastern Time Zone is the most populous time zone. Most of Canada observes daylight saving time synchronously with the United States, with the exception of Saskatchewan , Yukon , and several other very localized areas. None of those areas are in

7104-481: The show also featured a local African-American group, the Philharmonics. It represented the peak of Red Foley's career, who had been America's top country star since World War II and who remains one of the biggest-selling country artists of all time. Finally, the Jubilee in many ways laid the groundwork for neighboring Branson, Missouri to become America's top country music tourist destination. The program

7200-496: The show with a one-year contract, renewed for three more in 1955. It was a major coup; Foley was considered by many to be America's top country music star. In 1946 he replaced Roy Acuff as emcee of the Grand Ole Opry segment carried by NBC Radio , and his popularity during the following eight years was credited with establishing it as the number one country music show. Three months later, in July 1954, ABC-TV agreed to buy

7296-402: The show, later married. The versatile Wilson was also half of the show's Flash and Whistler (with Floyd "Goo Goo" Rutledge); and Rutledge was half of Lennie and Goo Goo (with Lennie Aleshire ), both country music comedy duos. Other comedians were Pete Stamper, Shug Fisher , KWTO's Bill Ring, Uncle Cyp and Aunt Sap Brasfield , and Luke Warmwater. The cast also included The Foggy River Boys ,

7392-478: The song that same Saturday night on CBS-TV's Stage Show , which overlapped the Jubilee from 8–8:30 p.m. ET (Presley first performed the song February 11 on Stage Show ). An automobile accident en route to New York prevented the group from next appearing on The Perry Como Show on March 24. Perkins returned to the Jubilee on February 2, 1957 to again sing "Blue Suede Shoes" and his then-current hit, " Matchbox ". Both Perkins and Presley were fans of

7488-404: The stage. There I stood...after 26 years of supposedly learning how to conduct myself in front of an audience, with my mouth open two miles wide and a glassy stare in my eyes. The way I stood back and enjoyed watching her work I felt guilty for not going out to the box office and buying a ticket. Jubilee producer-director Bryan Bisney contacted her stepfather, Buell "Jay" Rainwater, who mailed him

7584-562: The standard movement as defined. There are certain accepted flourishes in most communities, which may be limited to a club or geographic region, or be common among members of a group such as youth square dancers or gay square dancers . Common flourishes include replacing the dosado with a "highland fling" move, or twirling at the end of a promenade . Flourishes which are very common in a geographic area may be known informally as "regional styling differences". Flourishes are usually omitted with those just learning to dance, as they may obscure

7680-459: The standard movement. Occasionally flourishes provide an opportunity for dancers to interact with adjacent squares. There is a lot of controversy about flourishes, including from some square dance leaders who feel that flourishes divert dancers from dancing according to the standard. Dancers may object to flourishes due to being unfamiliar, physically challenging, or inappropriate for the music. At higher dance levels, differences in body flow due to

7776-430: The standard physical education curriculum. Modern western square dance evolved in square dance events funded by Ford, using direction and guidance prepared by Shaw. During the height of the square dance craze, there were multiple efforts to designate it as the national dance of the United States. Square dance proponents successfully designated square dance as the official dance of 28 states. The effort to designate it as

7872-598: The state's semi-centennial; and February 21, 1959 from the Masonic Auditorium in Detroit, Michigan for a Massey Ferguson dealers convention. In July 1957, Dan Lounsbery, producer of NBC's Your Hit Parade , and its art director, Paul Barnes, were hired by ABC to spend several weeks with the show to improve the sets and pacing. July 6 saw the first program under the name Country Music Jubilee , which, according to ABC Vice President James Aubry Jr. , "recognizes

7968-483: The steps from many different positions and in many different formations, and to cooperate effectively with the others in their square so that they get the most out of their dance experience. Starting at the advanced level, the square dancer is introduced to square dance concepts, an addition to a call which modifies it in some way. Concepts often generalize more basic notions of square dancing and are an important aspect of challenge square dance . Each dance round, called

8064-579: The time, and compiled the steps in his book Cowboy Dances . Another heavy promoter of square dance was the industrialist Henry Ford . Ford believed that Jews invented jazz as a plot to corrupt society. Ford believed that this plot could be counteracted by returning America to dances and musical styles that he saw as traditional and white . As a result, he used his wealth to promote square dancing, through books and square dancing events. Ford also promoted square dance classes in public school, which were present in half of all American schools in 1928 as part of

8160-483: The way square dancing and the west were portrayed in western movies and early television; and the popular clothing styles of those times, for example poodle skirts. At the non-challenge levels, particularly in North America, of modern western square dancing participants are often expected to wear western-style square dance outfits, or "square dance attire", especially at large dances. Over the years, there has been much discussion within square dancing circles about relaxing

8256-560: The wide popularity of country music." The Jubilee' s executive producers were Crossroads vice presidents Si Siman and John Mahaffey, and the producer-director was Bryan "Walt" Bisney. The co-writers were publicist Don Richardson and Bob "Bevo" Tubert. Fred I. Rains was floor director and Bill Ring frequently served as associate producer. The original scenic designer was Don Sebring; his successor, Andy Miller, later did scenic design for nearby Silver Dollar City and Richardson became its public relations director. In 1961, NBC-TV carried

8352-510: The winter, and Eastern Daylight Time in the summer, but the exact day of change varies year to year. The Cayman Islands and Jamaica use Eastern Standard Time year-round. The Turks and Caicos Islands followed Eastern Time with daylight saving until 2015, when the territory switched to the Atlantic Time Zone . The Turks and Caicos Islands switched back to the pre-2015 schedule in March 2018. A 2017 consultation paper highlighted

8448-475: Was "Goodnight mama, goodnight papa", before walking into the audience to shake hands as the credits rolled. The Jubilee was canceled after almost six years as rock and roll grew in popularity, and in part because of publicity surrounding tax evasion charges against Foley, who was later acquitted. On September 24, 1960, the final telecast, like the first in 1955, opened with Foley's singing of " Hearts of Stone ". The program concluded with his performance of " May

8544-494: Was Joe Slattery, a former Pan Am and US Army Air Forces pilot who later became president of AFTRA . The Jubilee featured two square dance groups: the Promenaders (with caller Lowell "L. D." Keller), a competitive team originally from Southwest Missouri State College ; and a children's group from Camdenton, Missouri , the (Lake of the Ozarks) Tadpoles (with caller Buford Foster). Several other groups, including

8640-585: Was amended to make the first Sunday in April the beginning of daylight saving time beginning in 1987. Later, the Energy Policy Act of 2005 extended daylight saving time in the United States, beginning in 2007. Since then, local times change at 2:00 a.m. EST to 3:00 a.m. EDT on the second Sunday in March, and return from 2:00 a.m. EDT to 1:00 a.m. EST on the first Sunday in November. In Canada, daylight saving time begins and ends on

8736-621: Was demolished five months later in February 1961; a marker in Jubilee Park, dedicated in 1988, notes its location at 216 South Jefferson Ave. Cast and production crew members held reunions at the 1988 dedication, in October 1992, and in April 1999. The Jubilee was culturally significant for giving millions of urban and suburban American viewers their first regular exposure to country music. As Webb Pierce told TV Guide in 1956, "Once upon

8832-770: Was originally headlined by Wanda Jackson, Norma Jean, Bobby Lord, Webb Pierce, Marvin Rainwater , Porter Wagoner and Slim Wilson , who was also front man for both the Tall Timber Trio, made up of "Speedy" Haworth (guitar), Bob White (bass guitar) and "Doc" Martin ( steel guitar ); and the Jubilee Band, composed of Haworth, Martin, White, Johnny Gailey (drums), Paul Mitchell (piano) and Zed Tennis ( fiddle ). Featured vocalists included Leroy Van Dyke, Suzi Arden, Chuck Bowers, Sonny James, Tommy Sosebee and Tabby West. Singers Hawkshaw Hawkins and Jean Shepard, who met on

8928-536: Was proposed for the Canadian province of Ontario by its legislative assembly in late 2020, which would have a similar effect on the province if passed. For those in the United States, daylight saving time for the Eastern Time Zone was introduced by the Uniform Time Act of 1966, which specified that daylight saving time would run from the last Sunday of April until the last Sunday in October. The act

9024-445: Was sold nationally by Ted Bates & Company. Joe Slattery handled station breaks and some commercials, often appearing during Jubilee USA with Massey Ferguson farm tractors and accessories in film clips or on stage. The live audience was briefly part of the broadcasts when a camera would swing around to show the sold-out Jewell Theatre. Attendees, often nearly 90 percent out-of-state, would cheer and hold up signs or banners with

9120-628: Was the first network TV program to feature America's top country music stars, and as a result, was the first country music program to attract a significant national viewership. At five years and eight months, it also holds the record for the longest-running country music series on network television ( Hee Haw was syndicated after two years on CBS , and Austin City Limits presents a much broader variety of music). (all times are Eastern Time —all running times include commercial breaks) From October 15, 1955, to September 15, 1956,

9216-618: Was the subject of a 1993 book, Remembering the Ozark Jubilee ; and in 2003, Ozarks Public Television released an hour-long documentary , Ozark Jubilee: A Living Legacy . Cast and crew gathered once again for its premiere at the Landers Theatre. Streets in a residential neighborhood of nearby Nixa, Missouri include Ozark Jubilee Drive, Red Foley Court, Slim Wilson Boulevard, Bill Ring Court, Zed Tennis Street and Haworth Court. More than sixty full or partial kinescopes of

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