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25-686: The Lourinhã Formation is located within the Lusitanian Basin , a mostly onshore North South orientated rift basin within western Portugal, formed during the Opening of the North Atlantic Ocean , with sediment deposition beginning during the Late Triassic - Early Jurassic . It primarily consists of syn-rift near-coastal continental siliciclastic sediments, with several marine intercalations . The primary flow direction

50-1125: A paralic plain. In a 2003 study, an analysis of all Portuguese dinosaurs was published. The study created a cladogram showing the possible relations of all Portuguese dinosaurs, including those at the time known from the Lourinhã Formation. Lusitanosaurus Dacentrurus Dracopelta Alocodon Trimucrodon Taveirosaurus Hypsilophodon Phyllodon Dryosaurus Draconyx Camptosaurus Dinheirosaurus Lourinhasaurus Pleurocoelus Lusotitan Ceratosaurus Torvosaurus Lourinhanosaurus Allosaurus Compsognathus Stokesosaurus Richardoestesia Euronychodon Paronychodon Aves Camptosaurus Intermediate Limb material Now referred to its own genus, Draconyx , along with some other material. Draconyx D. loureiroi Praia Azul Member One partial skeleton Dryosaurus D. sp. Praia Azul Member Ornithopoda indet. Intermediate A single track Gigantic track indicating an ornithopod with

75-456: A conjectural restoration of the tooth arrangement. Peter Galton , reviewing Late Jurassic North American hypsilophodontids a few years later, found that the Phyllodon teeth best matched those of Nanosaurus , and agreed with a hypsilophodontid identity because the lower jaw tooth is asymmetric in front and back views. Sometime before 2004, possible Phyllodon remains were recovered from

100-712: A family of periatlantic basins such as the Jeanne d'Arc Basin . To the east of the Lusitanian Basin lies the Central Plateau of the Iberian Peninsula . A marginal horst system lies to the west. The Alentejo and Algarve Basins connect to the southern end of the Lusitanian Basin. In the north, it connects to the Porto and Galicia Basins via an undersea ridge . The Lusitanian Basin results from

125-412: A genus of modern moss , but this is not considered to be a problem because the two organisms are in two different kingdoms . Phyllodon is based on MGSP G5, a partial lower jaw tooth recovered from a lignite marl in a mine near the city of Leiria . Richard Thulborn, who described the genus, added an upper beak tooth (MGSP G2). He regarded the new genus as a hypsilophodontid , and presented

150-704: A hip height of 2.5 meters. No known Jurassic Ornithopod reaches this size; only known evidence for such sizes in this group at the time. Found alongside Deltapodus print. Phyllodon P. henkelli. Lusitanian Basin The Lusitanian Basin is a rift basin remnant located on both the mainland and continental shelf off the west-central coast of Portugal . It covers an area measuring 20,000 square kilometres (7,700 sq mi) and extends north-south from Porto to Lisbon . The basin varies between approximately 130 kilometres (81 mi) and 340 kilometres (210 mi) in width and belongs to

175-524: A valid genus after all. After comparing it to other hypsilophodonts, he found that it best matched the roughly contemporaneous Drinker of the North American Morrison Formation , with various details suggesting that they were closely related. Similarly, Galton found its teeth to be similar to those of Drinker and Nanosaurus in his 2006 review. As a hypsilophodontid or other basal ornithopod, Phyllodon would have been

200-595: Is a late Triassic rift basin is filled with synrift siliciclastics and capped by post-rift evaporites . In the late Triassic, there was deposition of fluvial sand and clay that eventually evolved into deposition of shallow marine dolomites during the lower and middle Jurassic. These sediments are known as the Silves, Dagorda, and Coimbra Formations. Deposition of Carbonates of the Brenha and Candieros Formations are in shelf, ramp, and sub-marine fan environments and filled

225-727: Is considered to be latest Kimmeridgian to earliest Tithonian, correlated to the ammonite zones of Hybonoticeras beckeri and Hybonoticeras hybonotum . The Santa Rita Member in the Consolação sub-basin and its lateral equivalent in the Turcifal Basin the Assenta Member is around 300 metres thick and predominantly consists of mudstones with frequent layers of caliche . Near the top of the member several layers of tens of metres thick nodular and marly bioclastic limestones are present, containing marine benthic forams ,

250-912: Is interpreted as a meandering fluvial system, while the Porto Novo Mb is interpreted as a deltaic deposit. It is interpreted to be latest Kimmeridgian in age, and overlies the Consolacao Unit at the top of the Aulacostephanus eudoxus ammonite zone. The Praia Azul Member, formerly known as the Sobral unit/member is 80 to 130 metres thick and consists of tabular marls and mudstones , with rare sandstones bodies. There are three distinct laterally extensive (>20 km) thin shelly carbonate horizons within this member, indicating brief marine transgressions . South of Santa Cruz primarily consists of sandstone with rare conglomerate. The age

275-459: Is resultant of the basement-attached inversion movements of the pre-existing normal faults during the Miocene . Most of the faults within the basin are fairly high-angle, with some shallowing with depth observed. There is always faulting beneath salt structures and it is speculated that the movement of the salt structures is caused by basement-influenced faulting. Resultant of diapirism leading to

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300-555: The Chipping Norton Limestone of England . It is likely that these remains actually belonged to an indeterminate ornithischian separate from Phyllodon . Because of the sparse material, Phyllodon has often been tossed off as a dubious basal ornithopod of uncertain affinities. However, more material that might belong to this genus has been recovered from the original locality and described. Included in this material are over 120 more teeth from all parts of

325-569: The opening of the North Atlantic Ocean due to Mesozoic extension. Throughout the complete formation of the basin, from the Late Triassic to the Cretaceous , five distinct phases can be defined, with four stages of rifting activity: The most significant faults and salt structures throughout the Lusitanian Basin trend north-northeast, parallel to the elongation of the shoreline. The faults that trend northeast to east-northeast are fewer in number. However, they are fairly substantial—for example,

350-595: The Nazare Fault. The north-trending faults are concentrated mainly in the central part of the Lusitanian Basin. These faults are a part of in important structural trend within the Estremadura Trough which highlights the Oxfordian extension within the basin. West-northwest trending faults are scattered throughout the basin. Both thrust faults and normal faults are observed. The thrusting observed

375-533: The Upper Jurassic and Cretaceous is dominated by westward-prograding continental clastics. In the basin, all Jurassic source-rocks could possibly be within the hydrocarbon generation window. However, this is not the case throughout the entire basin. This is due to the highly heterogeneous nature of basin subsidence, especially in the Late Jurassic. Around 100 exploratory wells have been drilled in

400-654: The basin during the early and middle Jurassic. The carbonate formations are commonly interbedded with shale and there are local turbidite beds also present. Below the halite-bearing evaporites that compose the Dagorda formation are the synrift continental siliciclastics of the Silves formation. Above the Dagorda formation is the post-rift carbonate shelf environment—the Coimbra dolomite, Brenha limestone , and Cardieros carbonate grainstone . A substantial unconformity , associated with significant tectonic activity, characterizes

425-511: The basin. 80% of these wells, from Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous strata, had oil and gas shows while drilling and 27% recovered live oil or gas at surface. While there is substantial hydrocarbon potential in this basin alone, Portugal imports 100% of its fossil fuel. There are two major petroleum systems at work within the basin—Subsalt and Suprasalt. In the subsalt petroleum system, there are Paleozoic source rocks and synrift Triassic sandstone reservoirs that are sealed by Dagorda evaporites. In

450-756: The formation of salt pillows, the Lusitanian Basin can be divided into seven different sub-basins: The Lusitanian basin Triassic to Cretaceous rocks provided thousands of fossils, from plants, microfossils, invertebrates and vertebrates. The most productive formations are the Late Jurassic Lourinhã Formation , Alcobaça Formation , and Montejunto Formation and the Cretaceous Papo Seco Formation . This includes an outstanding abundance of Jurassic mammals, and dinosaur fossils and trackways. The Lusitanian Basin

475-483: The jaw and four partial lower jaws with the teeth lost. Oliver Rauhut, who described the new material, tentatively identified the lower jaws as Phyllodon due to there being no other similar dinosaurs found at the locality. The teeth were very small (up to 3 millimeters across, or 0.1 inches) and possibly juvenile . He also found additional diagnostic characteristics for Phyllodon in the new material, including very tall upper jaw teeth, indicating that it could be

500-640: The matter, one of the most recent stratigraphies, divides the formation into three members which are from oldest to youngest the Praia da Amoreira-Porto Novo Member, Praia Azul Member, and the Assenta Member. The Praia da Amoreira-Porto Novo Member is composed of the Priaia de Amoreira Member, which consists of massive mudrock -sand with metre thick sandstone lenses , with massive mudrock with calcrete . The overlying Poto Novo Mb. consists of massive bodies of sandstone, often cross bedded . The environment of deposition

525-404: The nodularity is derived from intense Thalassinoides burrowing. It is predominately late Tithonian in age, with the last few metres probably being earliest Berriasian , with the top of the formation roughly correlative with the base of the magnetochron M18n. (~144.7 Ma) The environment of deposition is interpreted as being an upper fluvial-dominated delta to meandering fluvial systems flowing on

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550-702: The suprasalt system, the oldest source rock is the Lower Brenha formation. The best reservoirs to mention include the Coimbra dolomite and Upper Dagorda carbonates, Candieiros oolitic and bioclastic grainstones, and the fractured carbonates of the Brenha formation. Seals are tight or marly carbonates of the Brenha and overlying basal Upper Jurassic. N. Pimentel1 and R. Pena dos Reis (2016) - PETROLEUM SYSTEMS OF THE WEST IBERIAN MARGIN: A REVIEW OF THE LUSITANIAN BASIN AND THE DEEP OFFSHORE PENICHE BASIN. Journal of Petroleum Geology, Vol. 39(3), July 2016, pp 305-326. Phyllodon Phyllodon (meaning "leaf tooth")

575-583: The top of the sequence. The carbonate shelf environment is still present in the Upper Jurassic—characterized by the Montejunto grainstone and reef facies, Cabacos organic-rich limestone (capped by anhydrite ). Above this sequence, deposition is dominated by the siliciclastics from the Meseta highlands. The Abadia formation is composed of shale, marl, siltstone, and minimal sandstone. The rest of

600-478: Was North to South, originating from Galicia and flowing between the Iberian landmass to the east and the now largely submerged Berlengas horst , a north–south oriented ridge , to the west. The unit was first formally proposed by Hill in 1988. The stratigraphy of the Lourinhã Formation is complex and varies between sub-basins with several competing stratigraphic proposals and there is currently no consensus on

625-594: Was a genus of small ornithischian dinosaur from the Kimmeridgian -aged Upper Jurassic Camadas de Guimarota Formation of Leiria , Portugal and possibly also the Bathonian -aged Chipping Norton Limestone of England . It may have been closely related to contemporaneous dinosaurs in North America . This genus is known from teeth and possibly partial lower jaws . The name is also in use for

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