French Guinea ( French : Guinée française ) was a French colonial possession in West Africa . Its borders, while changed over time, were in 1958 those of the current independent nation of Guinea .
17-576: The Îles de Los [il də lo] are an island group lying off Conakry in Guinea , on the west coast of Africa. Their name is derived from the Portuguese Ilhas dos Ídolos , meaning "islands of the idols". They are located about two kilometres (one nautical mile) off the headland limiting the southern side of Sangareya Bay . The islands are best known for their beaches and forested interiors and are popular with tourists. Ferries sail to
34-464: A trading post (then known as a factory ) there employing workers skilled in ship repair as well as pilots for the local rivers. This led to Kassa being known as "Factory Island". English-language sources in the 18th century gave various corrupted names for the islands including "Isles of Loss", "the Edlesses", "The Idols", or "Las Idolas". In 1812 Samuel Samo , a Dutch slave trader, was seized by
51-462: The Aegean Islands (since the sea has a large number of islands). Archipelagos may be found isolated in large amounts of water or neighbouring a large land mass. For example, Scotland has more than 700 islands surrounding its mainland, which form an archipelago. Archipelagos are often volcanic, forming along island arcs generated by subduction zones or hotspots , but may also be
68-806: The Monteregian Hills in Quebec or the Ilimaussaq intrusive complex in Greenland . The islands have been inhabited for a long time and rose to prominence for their role in the Atlantic slave trade . The Kaloum or Kalum dialect of the Baga language was originally spoken on the island by a group of Baga people . In 1755, Miles Barber of the African Company of Liverpool established
85-661: The San Juan Islands and Gulf Islands geologically form part of a larger Gulf Archipelago. The word archipelago is derived from the Ancient Greek ἄρχι-( arkhi- , "chief") and πέλαγος ( pélagos , "sea") through the Italian arcipelago . In antiquity , "Archipelago" (from Medieval Greek * ἀρχιπέλαγος and Latin archipelagus ) was the proper name for the Aegean Sea . Later, usage shifted to refer to
102-675: The British there and taken to Freetown , Sierra Leone , where he appeared before the Vice Admiralty Court . He was the first person tried under the British Slave Trade Felony Act 1811 . (See for context the 1818 Anglo-Dutch Slave Trade Treaty which established Mixed Commission Courts .) Charles MacCarthy , the Governor of Sierra Leone , signed a treaty with Mangé Demba on 6 July 1818, whereby
119-635: The French and British governments signed the Entente Cordiale on 7 April 1904: among many other matters, Îles de Los was handed over to France in exchange for France relinquishing fishing rights in Newfoundland . The islands were incorporated into French Guinea , one of the constituent parts of French West Africa , in July 1904. Scipio O'Connor was the first colonial administrator appointed by
136-422: The French. Island group An archipelago ( / ˌ ɑːr k ə ˈ p ɛ l ə ɡ oʊ / AR -kə- PEL -ə-goh ), sometimes called an island group or island chain , is a chain, cluster, or collection of islands , or sometimes a sea containing a small number of scattered islands. Archipelagos are sometimes defined by political boundaries. For example, while they are geopolitically divided,
153-564: The Los from Conakry. There are three main islands: Tamara (Fortoba), Kassa and Roume. Île de Corail, Île Blanche, Île Cabris, Île Poulet, Îlot Cabri and Îlot de la Bouteille are smaller islands and islets located in the southern half. Tamara is home to the Île Tamara Lighthouse . The island used to have a prison. Formerly known as Factory Island, the current name is derived from the Portuguese word " casa ", meaning "house". The ring shape of
170-503: The coastal portions of French Guinea were part of the French colony of Senegal . In 1891, Rivières du Sud was placed under the colonial lieutenant governor at Dakar , who had authority over the French coastal regions east to Porto-Novo (modern Benin ). In 1894 Rivières du Sud, Côte d'Ivoire and Dahomey were separated into 'independent' colonies, with Rivières du Sud being renamed as the Colony of French Guinea . In 1895, French Guinea
187-597: The islands were ceded to the British Empire for the payment of an annual rent. McCarthy then asked Peter Machlan , a surgeon with the 2nd West Indian Regiment to write an account of the islands and surrounding areas. This was published as Travels into the Baga and Soosoo country during the year 1821 . Following a visit by Edward VII to France, and a return visit by the French President Émile Loubet ,
SECTION 10
#1732782502201204-465: The result of erosion , deposition , and land elevation . Depending on their geological origin, islands forming archipelagos can be referred to as oceanic islands , continental fragments , or continental islands . Oceanic islands are mainly of volcanic origin, and widely separated from any adjacent continent. The Hawaiian Islands and Galapagos Islands in the Pacific , and Mascarene Islands in
221-670: The shelf. The islands of the Inside Passage off the coast of British Columbia and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago are examples. Artificial archipelagos have been created in various countries for different purposes. Palm Islands and The World Islands off Dubai were or are being created for leisure and tourism purposes. Marker Wadden in the Netherlands is being built as a conservation area for birds and other wildlife. The largest archipelago in
238-432: The south Indian Ocean are examples. Continental fragments correspond to land masses that have separated from a continental mass due to tectonic displacement. The Farallon Islands off the coast of California are an example. Sets of islands formed close to the coast of a continent are considered continental archipelagos when they form part of the same continental shelf, when those islands are above-water extensions of
255-479: The world by number of islands is the Archipelago Sea , which is part of Finland . There are approximately 40,000 islands, mostly uninhabited. The largest archipelagic state in the world by area, and by population, is Indonesia . French Guinea French Guinea was established by France in 1891, within the same borders as its previous colony known as Rivières du Sud (1882–1891). Prior to 1882,
272-710: The Îles de Los belie their origins as a volcanic structure, an igneous intrusion amid the sediments of the West African continental shelf , which dates to the Cretaceous Period during the opening of the South Atlantic Ocean . The same processes formed nearby Mount Kakoulima, in Guinea, and the hills in and around Freetown, Sierra Leone . The archipelago is composed of the uncommon rock syenite , also found in similar volcanic structures such as
289-671: Was made one of several dependent colonies and its Governor became one of several Lieutenant Governors who reported to a Governor-General in Dakar. In 1904, this federation of colonies was formalised as French West Africa . French Guinea, Senegal, Dahomey, Côte d'Ivoire and Upper Senegal and Niger , were each ruled by a lieutenant governor, under the Governor General in Dakar. Guinea was ruled by France until 1958. It became independent from France in 1958 following its voters' rejection of Charles de Gaulle 's Constitution of 1958 . At
#200799