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34-469: It was founded and edited by Fernand Arthur Pierre Xau until 1899. It was bought and managed by the family of Henri Letellier in 1899 and became "the most Parisian, the most literary, and the most boulevardier of the newspapers of Paris" (Simon Arbellot, see Curnonsky ). During World War I, Le Journal was at the center of an intrigue involving Paul Bolo , the essence of which was that the German government

68-725: A 'discreet collaborator,' that is to say, a 'ghost writer.' ... But it would be to speak of Curnonsky in a quite incomplete manner to not insist on his merits as a gastronome." His role in promoting French gastronomy is perhaps what he is best known for today. Curnonsky took every occasion to promote his theory of the four cuisines of France: La Haute Cuisine, celle des Grands chefs, qui, disons-le n'est pas à la portée de toutes les bourses ... La Cuisine Bourgeoise, triomphe des bonnes maîtresses de maison et de nos cordons bleus auteurs d'une cuisine simple et parfaite. La Cuisine Impromptue, celle des campeurs, de ceux qui vont à pied, celle qui se fait à l'INFORTUNE DU POT. Naturellement la conserve y

102-704: A brief guest appearance in the Asterix series, as the chariot -wheel dealer in certain translations, including the English one, of Asterix in Switzerland . (The original French version used the Gaulish warrior mascot of French service-station company Antar .) The mascot appears in a BBC Not the Nine O'Clock News comedy sketch, in which a restaurant waiter, and chef suspect a diner, dressed as Bibendum, might be

136-655: A commemorative plaque on nr. 14 of the place Henri-Bergson, Paris 8e was installed and a booklet published on this occasion . The name "Curnonsky" comes from the Latin cur + non "why not?" plus the Russian suffix -sky , as all things Russian were in vogue in 1895, when he coined it. He once said that this nickname was "my tunic of Nessus , as I am neither Russian, nor Polish, nor Jewish, nor Ukrainian, but just an average Frenchman and wine-guy [sacavin]". He would later come to regret his pen name, but by then his literary career

170-606: A food critic for the Michelin Guide . Michelin sued the performance artist Momus in 1991 for releasing a song about the trademarked Michelin Man. The song, simply titled "Michelin Man", was released the same year as the third track on his album Hippopotamomus (which also had a hippopotamus -headed version of the Michelin Man on its cover) used the mascot as a metaphor for hypersexual rubber fetishism. The use of

204-437: A pet puppy similar in appearance to him. A history of Bibendum, Le Grand Siècle de Bibendum (Hoëbeke, Paris, 1997), was written by Olivier Darmon. The "Bibendum chair" was designed by Eileen Gray in 1925. Cayce Pollard , the main character of William Gibson 's novel Pattern Recognition , has a strong aversion to corporate brands and logos. The sight of Bibendum in particular gives her panic attacks. Bibendum made

238-439: A preservative and strengthener. The company changed Bibendum's colour to black as well, and featured him that way in several print ads. They decided to abandon the change, citing printing and aesthetic issues (not racial concerns, as is commonly believed). The image of the plump tire-man is sometimes used to describe an obese person, or someone wearing comically bulky clothing (e.g. "How can I wrap up warmly without looking like

272-465: A rejected image he had created for a Munich brewery — a large, regal figure holding a huge glass of beer and quoting Horace's phrase Nunc est bibendum ("Now is the time for drinking"). André immediately suggested replacing the man with a figure made from tires, and O'Galop adapted the earlier image into Michelin's symbol. Today, Bibendum is one of the world's most recognized trademarks, representing Michelin in over 170 countries. According to Michelin,

306-532: A sa part. Mais la conserverie française est parfaite. Enfin la Cuisine Régionale, celle qui réalise en France la sainte alliance du tourisme et de la gastronomie. Haute Cuisine, that of the Great Chefs which, to be clear, is not available to all pocketbooks... Bourgeois Cuisine, the triumph of good middle-class women and our cordon bleus, creators of a simple and perfect cuisine. Impromptu Cuisine, that of campers, of those who go by foot, which uses whatever

340-552: A study showed that 90% of the world’s population could instantly recognize him. The 1898 poster showed him offering the toast Nunc est bibendum to his scrawny Brand X competitors with a glass full of road hazards, with the title and tag C'est à dire : À votre santé. Le pneu Michelin boit l'obstacle (see illustration). The character's glass is filled with nails and broken glass, implying that Michelin tires will easily take on road hazards. The company used this basic poster format for 15 years, adding its latest products to

374-650: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Curnonsky Maurice Edmond Sailland (October 12, 1872, in Angers , France – July 22, 1956, in Paris ), better known by his pen-name Curnonsky (nicknamed 'Cur'), and dubbed the Prince of Gastronomy, was one of the most celebrated writers on gastronomy in France in the 20th century. He wrote or ghost-wrote many books in diverse genres and many newspaper columns. He

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408-578: Is also referred to as Bib or Bibelobis . Michelin dominated the French tire industry for decades and remains a leading international tire manufacturer. Its famous guidebooks are widely used by travelers. Bibendum was depicted visually as a lord of industry, a master of all he surveyed, and a patriotic exponent of the French spirit. In the 1920s, Bibendum urged Frenchmen to adopt America's superior factory system, but to patriotically excel those factories' "inferior" products. As automobiles became available to

442-817: Is available. Naturally canned foods have their place here. But French canning is perfect. Finally, Regional Cuisine, which in France achieves the Holy Alliance of tourism and gastronomy. Curnonsky's professional activities were truly wide-ranging. He even created a number of advertising slogans for important companies. According to his biographer Arbellot, he coined the name Bibendum for the Michelin Man in 1907—because "Michelin tires drink [ i.e. 'soak up' or 'eat up'] everything, even obstacles"—, and wrote Michelin's weekly column "Les Lundis de Michelin" in Le Journal starting on November 25, 1907. It

476-621: Is named "Bibendum Chamallow". ("Chamallow" was originally a confectionery marketed in France under this name, which vaguely resembles the American marshmallow.) In the Australian Army Training Establishment at Royal Military College, Duntroon , in Canberra, one of the five training companies, Gallipoli Company, uses the Michelin Man as its mascot. The reasons behind this involve an officer candidate who

510-454: Is often considered the inventor of gastronomic motor- tourism as popularized by Michelin , though he himself could not drive. He was a student of Henri-Paul Pellaprat . Maurice Edmond Sailland was born in Angers (Maine-et-Loire) on October 12, 1872 to Edmond-Georges Sailland and his wife Blanche-Alphonsine Mazeran. His mother died within a month of his birth, and his father abandoned him. He

544-410: Is truly enormous, Mr. Bibendum; happiness personified'). In the 2009 animated, Academy Award -winning satire Logorama , a series of Bibendums play police detectives, a sheriff, and a squad of SWAT personnel who all work together to try to bring down a psychotic, ultraviolent criminal played by Ronald McDonald . In the French dubbed version of Ghostbusters , the giant Stay Puft Marshmallow Man

578-593: The Bombing of Guernica . At the time the newspaper was the second largest morning newspaper in Paris, with a circulation of 400,000. After the fall of Paris on 14 June 1940, it fell back to Limoges , then Marseille , then Limoges again, and finally Lyon . It had various supplements: Le Journal pour tous , 1891–1906; La Mode du Journal , 1896–1898; La Vraie mode , 1898–1913; Le Journal (Édition du littoral) , 1907–1911. This French newspaper-related article

612-674: The Michelin Man or Michelin Tire Man , is the official mascot of the Michelin tire company. A humanoid figure consisting of stacked white tires , it was introduced at the Lyon Exhibition of 1894 where the Michelin brothers had a stand. He is one of the world's oldest trademarks still in active use. The slogan Nunc est bibendum ("Now is the time to drink") is taken from Horace 's Odes (book I, ode xxxvii, line 1). He

646-596: The 'gastronomic guide' with the publication of their Gastronomic Tour of France". He was named a knight of the Légion d'Honneur in 1928 and was made an officer in 1938. In 1928, he co-founded the Académie des gastronomes , modelled on the Académie Française , and served as its first president, until 1949. In 1947, he started the magazine Cuisine et Vins de France along with Madeleine Decure. In 1950, he

680-504: The Hippopotamomus album that caused the lawsuit over his song) restored the track to the album, and came with a booklet by Anthony Reynolds titled 'Sons of Pioneers', mentioning the lawsuit but not explaining why the track was reinstated. French reggae band Tryo sang about Bibendum on their album Grain de Sable . 'Monsieur Bibendum, il est vraiment énorme / Monsieur Bibendum, le bonheur en personne' ('Mr. Bibendum, he

714-439: The Michelin Man in such explicit lyrics were not authorized by the Michelin company, and Momus was sued by the company for depicting their mascot in scenarios of a pornographic nature. As a result, all remaining copies of the album were destroyed, the song was removed from subsequent pressings of the album, and the hippo Michelin Man removed from the cover. The 2018 box set Recreate (containing some of Momus' albums, including

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748-499: The Michelin Man?"). Bibendum's shape has changed over the years. O'Galop's logo was based on bicycle tires, wore pince-nez glasses with lanyard, and smoked a cigar . By the 1960s, Bibendum was shown running, often rolling a tyre as well, and no longer smoked. In 1998, his 100th anniversary , a slimmed-down version of him (sans glasses) was adopted, reflecting the lower-profile, smaller tires of modern cars. An animated version of Bibendum has appeared in American television ads, with

782-617: The collective title of La France Gastronomique: Guide des merveilles culinaires et des bonnes auberges françaises (Gastronomic France: Guide to the culinary marvels and the good inns of France). This was the early days of automobile tourism, which served to highlight the regional foods of France. Curnonsky and Rouff played an important role in the increasing popularity of discovering regional dishes and restaurants. Between 1921 and 1928, Curnonsky and Rouff wrote 28 volumes, which totaled 3,000 pages and included more than 5,000 recipes. The historian Julia Csergo writes that Curnonsky and Rouff "invented

816-680: The great chefs of the day. He noted that he was elected "democratic prince [of gastronomy] ... by the cooks and cordon bleus who, every day, make healthy, simple, good food," and the great chefs, "the grand aristocrats of cuisine, the Prosper Montagnés, the Escoffiers, the Philéas Gilberts, ... who, in Paris or in the provinces, maintain the traditions of elaborate and skilled French cuisine." Curnonsky praised women who he believed cooked by instinct, without formal training. It

850-402: The legend that eighty restaurants reserved a table for him every night in case he should show up, though by that point, he rarely went out at all. Curnonsky died on July 22, 1956, at the age of 89. He fell out of the window of his third floor Paris apartment. He was on a severe diet at the time and was anemic, thus it was speculated that he had fainted while standing on his balcony. A year later

884-553: The middle classes, the company's advertising followed suit, and its restaurant and hotel guides expanded to a broader range of price categories. While attending the Universal and Colonial Exposition in Lyon in 1894, Édouard and André Michelin noticed a stack of tires that suggested to Édouard the figure of a man without arms. Four years later, André met French cartoonist Marius Rossillon , popularly known as O'Galop, who showed him

918-497: The next several years, into early 1930, he edited a weekly full-page feature in Paris-Soir entitled "Annales of Gastronomy"; on the masthead he was identified as "Cur I, Prince des Gastronomes." A celebrated aphorism of Curnonsky's was: He advocated simple food over complicated, rustic over refined, and often repeated the phrase In a 1937 interview, Curnonsky drew a contrast between his philosophy of French cuisine and that of

952-477: The table in front of the figure. It is unclear when the name "Bibendum" was adopted. At the latest, it was in 1908, when Michelin commissioned Curnonsky to write a newspaper column signed "Bibendum". In 1922, Michelin held a contest to name the character in the United States. Rubber tires were originally gray-white, or light or translucent beige. In 1912, they became black when carbon was added to them as

986-705: Was a co-founder of the Confrérie de la Chaîne des Rôtisseurs His other associations included honorary member of the Club des Purs Cent, member of the Association des Gastronomes régionalistes, and member of the Académie de l'Humour. To honor his eightieth birthday, eighty restaurants marked his favorite table with a copper plaque reading: de Maurice Edmond Sailland-Curnonsky Prince élu des gastronomes Défenseur et illustrateur de la Cuisine française This led to

1020-539: Was a cuisine that was "straightforward, clear in taste and never aimed at effect... A tranquil and well-prepared cuisine, a cuisine of cordon bleu ." In 2003, German art historian Inge Huber discovered five boxes with letters of Curnonsky, and authored a biography "Curnonsky. Oder das Geheimnis des Maurice-Edmond Sailland" 2010, Rolf Heyne Editor. Michelin Man Bibendum ( French pronunciation: [bibɛ̃dɔm] ), commonly referred to in English as

1054-533: Was alleged to be attempting to gain influence in France and promote pacifist propaganda by buying French newspapers. It is understood that during part of its existence it was located at 100 Rue Richelieu Paris. Source - Contemporary Medallion ( undated ). During the Spanish Civil War , the newspaper supported the Nationalist side , including printing articles denying Nationalist responsibility for

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1088-436: Was launched. Sailland wrote, co-wrote, and ghost wrote over 150 books, some under other pseudonyms, including Perdiccas, Sailland-Curnonsky, and Maurice Curnonsky. In 1927, the newspaper Paris-Soir organized an election, or referendum, among its readers to choose the "prince of the gastronomes." Curnonsky (who signed his articles as "Cur" at this time) beat out the likes of Maurice des Ombiaux, Léon Daudet, and Ali Bab. For

1122-417: Was originally signed "Michelin" but starting on March 2, 1908, it was signed "Bibendum". Michelin had used the phrase "Nunc est bibendum" ("Cheers!" in Latin ) on a poster in 1898, showing the Michelin Man swallowing a glass full of nails, but it is unclear when the word "Bibendum" became applied to this character. In 1921, he began writing a series of regional travel guides with Marcel Rouff, published under

1156-569: Was raised by his grandmother in Angers and attended the Collège Saint-Maurille in town. At the age of 18, he moved to Paris to attend the Ecole Normale Supérieure to prepare for a career in journalism. Curnonsky's friend Paul Reboux wrote in 1933: "For 40 years, Curnonsky did almost all of the jobs in the literary profession. He was a novelist, a columnist, a humorist, a publicists, a music hall critic ... and

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