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42-676: Xichang has the Xichang Qingshan Airport and the Xichang Satellite Launch Center . The prefecture also features a substantial network of railways for both passengers and freight. The Anning River , which runs into the Jinsha River (Yangtze River headwaters), is the main river in the area. Owing to its low latitude and high elevation, Liangshan has a mild climate. Under the Köppen system ,

84-443: A component—either a character or a sub-component called a radical —usually involves either a reduction in its total number of strokes , or an apparent streamlining of which strokes are chosen in what places—for example, the ⼓   ' WRAP ' radical used in the traditional character 沒 is simplified to ⼏   ' TABLE ' to form the simplified character 没 . By systematically simplifying radicals, large swaths of

126-434: A conversion table. While exercising such derivation, the following rules should be observed: Sample Derivations : The Series One List of Variant Characters reduces the number of total standard characters. First, amongst each set of variant characters sharing identical pronunciation and meaning, one character (usually the simplest in form) is elevated to the standard character set, and the rest are made obsolete. Then amongst

168-407: A few revised forms, and was implemented for official use by China's State Council on 5 June 2013. In Chinese, simplified characters are referred to by their official name 简化字 ; jiǎnhuàzì , or colloquially as 简体字 ; jiǎntǐzì . The latter term refers broadly to all character variants featuring simplifications of character form or structure, a practice which has always been present as

210-610: A newly coined phono-semantic compound : Removing radicals Only retaining single radicals Replacing with ancient forms or variants : Adopting ancient vulgar variants : Readopting abandoned phonetic-loan characters : Copying and modifying another traditional character : Based on 132 characters and 14 components listed in Chart 2 of the Complete List , the 1,753 derived characters found in Chart 3 can be created by systematically simplifying components using Chart 2 as

252-573: A part of the Chinese writing system. The official name tends to refer to the specific, systematic set published by the Chinese government, which includes not only simplifications of individual characters, but also a substantial reduction in the total number of characters through the merger of formerly distinct forms. According to Chinese palaeographer Qiu Xigui , the broadest trend in the evolution of Chinese characters over their history has been simplification, both in graphical shape ( 字形 ; zìxíng ),

294-1520: A safer manner. Liangshan directly controls two county-level cities , 14 counties , and 1 autonomous county . Zyt Jie Jux Dde Xiep Xichang Qingshan Airport Airport Xichang Qingshan Airport 西昌青山机场 [REDACTED] IATA : XIC ICAO : ZUXC Summary Airport type Military/Public Serves Xichang , Sichuan Elevation  AMSL 1,562 m / 5,125 ft Coordinates 27°59′21″N 102°11′04″E  /  27.98917°N 102.18444°E  / 27.98917; 102.18444 Map [REDACTED] [REDACTED] XIC Location of airport in Sichuan [REDACTED] Runways Direction Length Surface m ft 18/36 3,600 11,811 Concrete Statistics (2021) Passengers 1,595,315 Cargo (metric tons) 4,564.8 Aircraft movements 17,454 Source: CAAC Xichang Qingshan Airport Simplified Chinese 西昌 青山 机场 Traditional Chinese 西昌青山機場 Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Xīchāng Qīngshān Jīchǎng Xichang Qingshan Airport ( IATA : XIC , ICAO : ZUXC )

336-440: Is actually more complex than eliminated ones. An example is the character 搾 which is eliminated in favor of the variant form 榨 . The 扌   'HAND' with three strokes on the left of the eliminated 搾 is now seen as more complex, appearing as the ⽊   'TREE' radical 木 , with four strokes, in the chosen variant 榨 . Not all characters standardised in the simplified set consist of fewer strokes. For instance,

378-1078: Is an airport serving Xichang , the seat of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province , China. The airport started an expansion project in February 2010. Airlines and destinations [ edit ] Airlines Destinations Air China Beijing–Capital , Chengdu–Tianfu Chengdu Airlines Dazhou , Guangyuan , Guiyang , Hefei , Luzhou , Yibin China Eastern Airlines Shanghai–Pudong Loong Air Ningbo Qingdao Airlines Beijing–Daxing , Xishuangbanna Sichuan Airlines Beijing–Capital , Chengdu–Shuangliu , Chongqing , Guangzhou , Haikou , Luzhou , Nanjing , Nanning , Ningbo , Nyingchi , Shenyang , Shenzhen , Wuhan , Xi'an , Zhuhai See also [ edit ] List of airports in

420-454: Is derived. Merging homophonous characters: Adapting cursive shapes ( 草書楷化 ): Replacing a component with a simple arbitrary symbol (such as 又 and 乂 ): Omitting entire components : Omitting components, then applying further alterations : Structural changes that preserve the basic shape Replacing the phonetic component of phono-semantic compounds : Replacing an uncommon phonetic component : Replacing entirely with

462-578: Is different from Wikidata Articles containing Chinese-language text Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata Pages using the Kartographer extension Simplified Chinese characters Simplified Chinese characters are one of two standardized character sets widely used to write the Chinese language , with the other being traditional characters . Their mass standardization during

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504-813: Is now discouraged. A State Language Commission official cited "oversimplification" as the reason for restoring some characters. The language authority declared an open comment period until 31 August 2009, for feedback from the public. In 2013, the List of Commonly Used Standard Chinese Characters was published as a revision of the 1988 lists; it included a total of 8105 characters. It included 45 newly recognized standard characters that were previously considered variant forms, as well as official approval of 226 characters that had been simplified by analogy and had seen wide use but were not explicitly given in previous lists or documents. Singapore underwent three successive rounds of character simplification , eventually arriving at

546-623: Is referred to as the " big seal script ". The traditional narrative, as also attested in the Shuowen Jiezi dictionary ( c.  100 AD ), is that the Qin small seal script that would later be imposed across China was originally derived from the Zhou big seal script with few modifications. However, the body of epigraphic evidence comparing the character forms used by scribes gives no indication of any real consolidation in character forms prior to

588-547: Is used instead of 叠 in regions using traditional characters. The Chinese government stated that it wished to keep Chinese orthography stable. The Chart of Generally Utilized Characters of Modern Chinese was published in 1988 and included 7000 simplified and unsimplified characters. Of these, half were also included in the revised List of Commonly Used Characters in Modern Chinese , which specified 2500 common characters and 1000 less common characters. In 2009,

630-459: The "external appearances of individual graphs", and in graphical form ( 字体 ; 字體 ; zìtǐ ), "overall changes in the distinguishing features of graphic[al] shape and calligraphic style, [...] in most cases refer[ring] to rather obvious and rather substantial changes". The initiatives following the founding of the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) to universalize the use of their small seal script across

672-482: The 1986 General List of Simplified Chinese Characters , hereafter the General List . All characters simplified this way are enumerated in Chart 1 and Chart 2 in the 1986 Complete List . Characters in both charts are structurally simplified based on similar set of principles. They are separated into two charts to clearly mark those in Chart 2 as 'usable as simplified character components', based on which Chart 3

714-520: The 1986 mainland China revisions. Unlike in mainland China, Singapore parents have the option of registering their children's names in traditional characters. Malaysia also promulgated a set of simplified characters in 1981, though completely identical to the mainland Chinese set. They are used in Chinese-language schools. All characters simplified this way are enumerated in Charts 1 and 2 of

756-511: The 20th century was part of an initiative by the People's Republic of China (PRC) to promote literacy, and their use in ordinary circumstances on the mainland has been encouraged by the Chinese government since the 1950s. They are the official forms used in mainland China and Singapore , while traditional characters are officially used in Hong Kong , Macau , and Taiwan . Simplification of

798-470: The Chinese government published a major revision to the list which included a total of 8300 characters. No new simplifications were introduced. In addition, slight modifications to the orthography of 44 characters to fit traditional calligraphic rules were initially proposed, but were not implemented due to negative public response. Also, the practice of unrestricted simplification of rare and archaic characters by analogy using simplified radicals or components

840-9699: The People's Republic of China References [ edit ] ^ 西昌青山机场改扩建工程昨开工 (in Chinese (China)). 2010-02-23. Archived March 31, 2012, at the Wayback Machine ^ " "五一"提醒 | 西昌机场：2023年夏秋航季时刻表发布" . Retrieved 2 May 2023 . ^ "冬春航季今启航 | 成都航空32条新航线陆续首航，150元新疆区域"无限飞"！" . Retrieved 30 November 2023 . ^ "Sichuan Airlines / Chengdu Airlines NW22 Domestic Network Additions" . Aeroroutes . Retrieved 8 November 2022 . ^ "合肥新桥国际机场冬航季航班计划已启动！还有这个消息！" . Retrieved January 1, 2023 . ^ "新航季 | 成都航空夏秋航季全新开启" . Retrieved 18 June 2024 . ^ 重磅！“魔都”来啦，西昌直飞上海7月14日首航！东方明珠，外滩，迪士尼乐园...... . eastday.com news. 2019-06-27. ^ "青岛航空冬春航季将通达50余个国内外航点" . Retrieved 17 March 2024 . ^ "2023青岛航空夏秋换季航线发布；吉祥航空陆续恢复日本航班" . Retrieved 26 March 2023 . ^ "春节出行更多选择！西昌青山机场航线攻略提前了解→" . Retrieved 28 February 2024 . v t e Airports in China Civil aviation in China , Statistics North Beijing Beijing (Capital) Beijing (Daxing) Tianjin Tianjin Hebei Chengde Handan Qinhuangdao Shijiazhuang Tangshan Xingtai Zhangjiakou Shanxi Changzhi Datong Linfen Lüliang Shuozhou Taiyuan Wutaishan Yuncheng Inner Mongolia Alxa Left Banner Alxa Right Banner Arxan Baotou Bayannur Chifeng Ejin Banner Erenhot Hailar Hohhot Holingol Manzhouli Ordos Tongliao Ulanhot Ulanqab Wuhai Xilinhot Zhalantun Northeast Liaoning Anshan Changhai Chaoyang Dalian Dandong Jinzhou Shenyang Yingkou Jilin Baicheng Changbaishan Changchun Songyuan Tonghua Yanji Heilongjiang Daqing Fuyuan Harbin Heihe Jiagedaqi Jiamusi Jiansanjiang Jixi Mohe Mudanjiang Qiqihar Wudalianchi Yichun East Shanghai Shanghai (Hongqiao) Shanghai (Pudong) Jiangsu Changzhou Huaian Lianyungang Nanjing Nantong Wuxi Xuzhou Yancheng Yangzhou & Taizhou Zhejiang Hangzhou Ningbo Quzhou Taizhou Wenzhou Yiwu Zhoushan Anhui Anqing Chizhou Fuyang Hefei Huangshan Wuhu & Xuancheng Fujian Fuzhou Liancheng Quanzhou Sanming Wuyishan Xiamen Jiangxi Ganzhou Jingdezhen Jinggangshan Jiujiang Nanchang Shangrao Yichun Shandong Dongying Heze Jinan Jining Linyi Qingdao Rizhao Weifang Weihai Yantai South Central Henan Anyang Luoyang Nanyang Xinyang Zhengzhou Hubei Enshi Ezhou Jingzhou Shennongjia Shiyan Wuhan Xiangyang Yichang Hunan Changde Changsha Chenzhou Hengyang Huaihua Wugang Xiangxi Yongzhou Yueyang Zhangjiajie Guangdong Foshan Guangzhou Huizhou Jieyang Meixian Shaoguan Shenzhen Zhanjiang Zhuhai Hong Kong Hong Kong Macau Macau Guangxi Baise Beihai Guilin Hechi Liuzhou Nanning Wuzhou Yulin Hainan Haikou Qionghai Sanya Xisha Southwestern Chongqing Chongqing Qianjiang Wanzhou Wulong Wushan Sichuan Bazhong Chengdu (Shuangliu) Chengdu (Tianfu) Daocheng Dazhou Garze Guangyuan Hongyuan Jiuzhai Kangding Langzhong Luzhou Mianyang Nanchong Panzhihua Xichang Yibin Guizhou Anshun Bijie Guiyang Huangping Libo Liping Liupanshui Renhuai Tongren Xingyi Zunyi Yunnan Baoshan Cangyuan Dali Dehong Diqing Kunming Lancang Lijiang Lincang Luguhu Pu'er Tengchong Wenshan Xishuangbanna Zhaotong Tibet Burang Lhasa Longzi Ngari Nyingchi Qamdo Shigatse Tingri Northwestern Shaanxi Ankang Hanzhong Xi'an Yan'an Yulin Gansu Dunhuang Jiayuguan Jinchang Lanzhou Longnan Qingyang Tianshui Xiahe Zhangye Qinghai Delingha Golmud Golog Huatugou Qilian Xining Yushu Ningxia Guyuan Yinchuan Zhongwei Xinjiang Aksu Altay Aral Bole Fuyun Hami Hotan Kanas Karamay Kashgar Korla Kuqa Nalati Qiemo Qitai Ruoqiang Shache Shihezi Tacheng Tashkurgan Tumxuk Turpan Ürümqi Yining Yutian Zhaosu Under construction Balikun Bengbu Bozhou Dejiang Dingbian Foshan (Gaoming) Fugu Gonghe Hejing Hohhot (new) Honghe Jiaxing Leshan Lishui Panzhou Ruijin Suifenhe Weining Xiamen (new) Zaozhuang Zhaotong (new) Defunct Ankang (old) Beijing (Nanyuan) Changchun (Dafangshen) Changsha (Datuopu) Chongqing (Baishiyi) Datong (Huairen) Dazhou (Heshi) Ganzhou (old) Guangzhou (old) Guilin (Qifengling) Hangzhou (Jianqiao) Hanzhong (old) Hefei (old) Hengyang (old) Jilin Jining (old) Jinzhou (old) Kunming (old) Lanzhou (old) Lianyungang (Baitabu) Luzhou (old) Nanchang (Xiangtang) Nanjing (old) Qiemo (old) Qinhuangdao (Shanhaiguan) Qingdao (old) Shanghai (Longhua) Shantou Shashi Wanxian Wuhu (Wanli) Wuzhou (old) Xi'an (old) Yan'an (old) Yantai (Laishan) Yibin (old) Yulin (old) Zhanjiang (old) Note: bold indicates international airports. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Xichang_Qingshan_Airport&oldid=1246393342 " Category : Airports in Sichuan Hidden categories: CS1 uses Chinese-language script (zh) CS1 Chinese (China)-language sources (zh-cn) Webarchive template wayback links Articles with short description Short description

882-428: The character set are altered. Some simplifications were based on popular cursive forms that embody graphic or phonetic simplifications of the traditional forms. In addition, variant characters with identical pronunciation and meaning were reduced to a single standardized character, usually the simplest among all variants in form. Finally, many characters were left untouched by simplification and are thus identical between

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924-407: The chosen variants, those that appear in the "Complete List of Simplified Characters" are also simplified in character structure accordingly. Some examples follow: Sample reduction of equivalent variants : Ancient variants with simple structure are preferred : Simpler vulgar forms are also chosen : The chosen variant was already simplified in Chart 1 : In some instances, the chosen variant

966-466: The cliffs and steep ladders made of ropes. In 2016, the state run The Beijing News reported one such village called Atulie'er where children climbed up a rope ladder for two hours to reach their home from school, often leading to falls and deaths. In light of this, the local government constructed a special steel ladder (dubbed "Stairway to heaven") in November 2016 for people to climb up and down in

1008-473: The country's writing system as a serious impediment to its modernization. In 1916, a multi-part English-language article entitled "The Problem of the Chinese Language" co-authored by the Chinese linguist Yuen Ren Chao (1892–1982) and poet Hu Shih (1891–1962) has been identified as a turning point in the history of the Chinese script—as it was one of the first clear calls for China to move away from

1050-476: The early 20th century. In 1909, the educator and linguist Lufei Kui formally proposed the use of simplified characters in education for the first time. Over the following years—marked by the 1911 Xinhai Revolution that toppled the Qing dynasty , followed by growing social and political discontent that further erupted into the 1919 May Fourth Movement —many anti-imperialist intellectuals throughout China began to see

1092-634: The first official list of simplified forms was published, consisting of 324 characters collated by Peking University professor Qian Xuantong . However, fierce opposition within the KMT resulted in the list being rescinded in 1936. Work throughout the 1950s resulted in the 1956 promulgation of the Chinese Character Simplification Scheme , a draft of 515 simplified characters and 54 simplified components, whose simplifications would be present in most compound characters. Over

1134-463: The first round—but was massively unpopular and never saw consistent use. The second round of simplifications was ultimately retracted officially in 1986, well after they had largely ceased to be used due to their unpopularity and the confusion they caused. In August 2009, China began collecting public comments for a revised list of simplified characters; the resulting List of Commonly Used Standard Chinese Characters lists 8,105 characters, including

1176-475: The following decade, the Script Reform Committee deliberated on characters in the 1956 scheme, collecting public input regarding the recognizability of variants, and often approving forms in small batches. Parallel to simplification, there were also initiatives aimed at eliminating the use of characters entirely and replacing them with pinyin as an official Chinese alphabet, but this possibility

1218-406: The founding of the Qin. The Han dynasty (202 BC – 220 AD) that inherited the Qin administration coincided with the perfection of clerical script through the process of libian . Eastward spread of Western learning Though most closely associated with the People's Republic, the idea of a mass simplification of character forms first gained traction in China during

1260-466: The increased usage of 朙 was followed by proliferation of a third variant: 眀 , with 目 'eye' on the left—likely derived as a contraction of 朙 . Ultimately, 明 became the character's standard form. The Book of Han (111 AD) describes an earlier attempt made by King Xuan of Zhou ( d.  782 BC ) to unify character forms across the states of ancient China , with his chief chronicler having "[written] fifteen chapters describing" what

1302-465: The left, with the 月 'Moon' component on the right. Li Si ( d.  208 BC ), the Chancellor of Qin, attempted to universalize the Qin small seal script across China following the wars that had politically unified the country for the first time. Li prescribed the 朙 form of the word for 'bright', but some scribes ignored this and continued to write the character as 明 . However,

Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture - Misplaced Pages Continue

1344-402: The most prominent Chinese authors of the 20th century, stated that "if Chinese characters are not destroyed, then China will die" ( 漢字不滅，中國必亡 ). During the 1930s and 1940s, discussions regarding simplification took place within the ruling Kuomintang (KMT) party. Many members of the Chinese intelligentsia maintained that simplification would increase literacy rates throughout the country. In 1935,

1386-570: The prefecture belongs to the humid subtropical zone ( Köppen Cwa ). Winters feature mild days and cool nights, while summers are very warm and humid. Monthly daily mean temperatures range from 9.6 °C (49.3 °F) in January to 22.3 °C (72.1 °F) in July. Unlike much of the province, which lies in the Sichuan Basin , humidity levels in winter are rather low, but like the rest of

1428-465: The province, rainfall is concentrated in the months of June through September, and the prefecture is virtually rainless in winter. Due to the mountainous terrain, many villages that lie among the mountain cliffs of Liangshan Yi are isolated from the rest of Sichuan. They are called cliff villages as they tend to be isolated and lie at vertical heights of about 800 m (2,600 ft). Access to these cliff villages tends to be through vines of trees along

1470-430: The public and quickly fell out of official use. It was ultimately formally rescinded in 1986. The second-round simplifications were unpopular in large part because most of the forms were completely new, in contrast to the familiar variants comprising the majority of the first round. With the rescission of the second round, work toward further character simplification largely came to an end. In 1986, authorities retracted

1512-465: The recently conquered parts of the empire is generally seen as being the first real attempt at script reform in Chinese history. Before the 20th century, variation in character shape on the part of scribes, which would continue with the later invention of woodblock printing , was ubiquitous. For example, prior to the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) the character meaning 'bright' was written as either 明 or 朙 —with either 日 'Sun' or 囧 'window' on

1554-481: The same set of simplified characters as mainland China. The first round was promulgated by the Ministry of Education in 1969, consisting of 498 simplified characters derived from 502 traditional characters. A second round of 2287 simplified characters was promulgated in 1974. The second set contained 49 differences from the mainland China system; these were removed in the final round in 1976. In 1993, Singapore adopted

1596-467: The second round completely, though they had been largely fallen out of use within a year of their initial introduction. That year, the authorities also promulgated a final version of the General List of Simplified Chinese Characters . It was identical to the 1964 list save for 6 changes—including the restoration of 3 characters that had been simplified in the first round: 叠 , 覆 , 像 ; the form 疊

1638-497: The traditional and simplified Chinese orthographies. The Chinese government has never officially announced the completion of the simplification process after the bulk of characters were introduced by the 1960s. In the wake of the Cultural Revolution , a second round of simplified characters was promulgated in 1977—largely composed of entirely new variants intended to artificially lower the stroke count, in contrast to

1680-833: The traditional character 強 , with 11 strokes is standardised as 强 , with 12 strokes, which is a variant character. Such characters do not constitute simplified characters. The new standardized character forms shown in the Characters for Publishing and revised through the Common Modern Characters list tend to adopt vulgar variant character forms. Since the new forms take vulgar variants, many characters now appear slightly simpler compared to old forms, and as such are often mistaken as structurally simplified characters. Some examples follow: The traditional component 釆 becomes 米 : The traditional component 囚 becomes 日 : The traditional "Break" stroke becomes

1722-522: The use of characters entirely. Instead, Chao proposed that the language be written with an alphabet, which he saw as more logical and efficient. The alphabetization and simplification campaigns would exist alongside one another among the Republican intelligentsia for the next several decades. Recent commentators have echoed some contemporary claims that Chinese characters were blamed for the economic problems in China during that time. Lu Xun , one of

Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture - Misplaced Pages Continue

1764-464: Was abandoned, confirmed by a speech given by Zhou Enlai in 1958. In 1965, the PRC published the List of Commonly Used Characters for Printing  [ zh ] (hereafter Characters for Printing ), which included standard printed forms for 6196 characters, including all of the forms from the 1956 scheme. A second round of simplified characters was promulgated in 1977, but was poorly received by

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