20-698: The Marine Air Command and Control System (MACCS) is the aviation command and control agencies of the United States Marine Corps that provide the Aviation Combat Element (ACE) commander with the means to monitor, supervise, and influence aviation operations in support of the Marine Air-Ground Task Force . The command and control agencies of the MACCS are provided by the squadrons and battalions of
40-399: A military staff is mainly that of providing accurate, timely information which by category represents information on which command decisions are based. The key application is that of decisions that effectively manage unit resources. While information flow toward the commander is a priority, information that is useful or contingent in nature is communicated to lower staffs and units. This term
60-405: Is a "set of organizational and technical attributes and processes ... [that] employs human, physical, and information resources to solve problems and accomplish missions" to achieve the goals of an organization or enterprise, according to a 2015 definition by military scientists Marius Vassiliou , David S. Alberts , and Jonathan R. Agre . The term often refers to a military system. Versions of
80-419: Is a plethora of derivative terms that emphasize various aspects, uses, and sub-domains of C2. These terms are accompanied by numerous associated abbreviations. For example, in addition to C2, command and control is often abbreviated as C2 and sometimes as C&C "Command and control" have been coupled with: and others. Some of the more common variations include: and others. A command and control center
100-532: Is also in common use within the computer security industry and in the context of cyberwarfare . Here the term refers to the influence an attacker has over a compromised computer system that they control. For example, a valid usage of the term is to say that attackers use "command and control infrastructure" to issue "command and control instructions" to their victims. Advanced analysis of command and control methodologies can be used to identify attackers, associate attacks, and disrupt ongoing malicious activity. There
120-529: Is the coordinated military actions of a state , or a non-state actor , in response to a developing situation. These actions are designed as a military plan to resolve the situation in the state or actor's favor. Operations may be of a combat or non-combat nature and may be referred to by a code name for the purpose of national security . Military operations are often known for their more generally accepted common usage names than their actual operational objectives . Military operations can be classified by
140-622: Is typically a secure room or building in a government, military or prison facility that operates as the agency's dispatch center, surveillance monitoring center, coordination office and alarm monitoring center all in one. Command and control centers are operated by a government or municipal agency. Various branches of the US military such as the US Coast Guard and Navy have command and control centers. They are also common in many large correctional facilities. A command and control center that
160-469: Is used by a military unit in a deployed location is usually called a "command post". A warship has a combat information center for tactical control of the ship's resources, but commanding a fleet or joint operation requires additional space for commanders and staff plus C4I facilities provided on a flagship (e.g., aircraft carriers), sometimes a command ship or upgraded logistics ship such as USS Coronado . Command and control warfare encompasses all
180-618: The Marine Air Control Groups that are present within each Marine Air Wing . The capabilities resident within the MACCS allow the MAGTF commander to safely conduct aviation operations, facilitate timely maneuver and prosecution of fires and ultimately retain full control of their entire area of operations. MACCS agencies are also responsible for coordinating Marine Corps aviation operations with joint, multinational and civil aviation . The three principal objectives of
200-467: The MACCS are to enhance unity of effort, integrate the elements of the command and control system, and disseminate common situational awareness . The MACCS focuses the other five functions of Marine Aviation (Antiair Warfare, Offensive Air Support, Assault Support, Electronic Warfare and Air Reconnaissance) and gives the ACE commander the ability to real-time allocate resources and control aircraft in support of
220-574: The MAGTF commander. Control of aircraft and missiles is used to integrate the other five functions by providing the means for the Marine Air-Ground Task Force commander to exercise command and control authority over Marine Aviation assets. It involves the coordinated employment of facilities, equipment, communications, procedures, and personnel to plan, direct, and control the aviation combat element's efforts. Command and control Command and control (abbr. C2 )
SECTION 10
#1732783443030240-517: The United States Army Field Manual 3-0 circulated circa 1999 define C2 in a military organization as the exercise of authority and direction by a properly designated commanding officer over assigned and attached forces in the accomplishment of a mission . A 1988 NATO definition is that command and control is the exercise of authority and direction by a properly designated individual over assigned resources in
260-405: The accomplishment of a common goal. An Australian Defence Force definition, similar to that of NATO, emphasises that C2 is the system empowering designated personnel to exercise lawful authority and direction over assigned forces for the accomplishment of missions and tasks. The Australian doctrine goes on to state: "The use of agreed terminology and definitions is fundamental to any C2 system and
280-465: The accomplishment of the mission. Also called C2. Source: JP 1". The edition of the Dictionary "As Amended Through April 2010" elaborates, "Command and control functions are performed through an arrangement of personnel, equipment, communications, facilities, and procedures employed by a commander in planning, directing, coordinating, and controlling forces and operations in the accomplishment of
300-443: The development of joint doctrine and procedures . The definitions in the following paragraphs have some agreement internationally, although not every potential ally will use the terms with exactly the same meaning." The US Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms defines command and control as: "The exercise of authority and direction by a properly designated commander over assigned and attached forces in
320-439: The enemy and so disrupt its command and control capabilities. At the same time precautions are taken to protect friendly command and control capabilities against retaliation. In addition to targeting the enemy's command and control, information warfare can be directed to the enemy's politicians and other civilian communications. US and other NATO specific: Other Military operation A military operation ( op )
340-426: The military tactics that use communications technology. It can be abbreviated as C W. An older name for these tactics is "signals warfare", derived from the name given to communications by the military. Newer names include information operations and information warfare . The following techniques are combined: with the physical destruction of enemy communications facilities. The objective is to deny information to
360-461: The mission." However, this sentence is missing from the "command and control" entry for the edition "As Amended Through 15 August 2014." Commanding officers are assisted in executing these tasks by specialized staff officers and enlisted personnel. These military staff are a group of officers and enlisted personnel that provides a bi-directional flow of information between a commanding officer and subordinate military units . The purpose of
380-404: The scale and scope of force employment, and their impact on the wider conflict. The scope of military operations can be: Parallel to and reflecting this framework for operations are organized elements within the armed forces which prepare for and conduct operations at various levels of war . While there is a general correlation between the size of units , the area within which they operate, and
400-514: The scope of mission they perform, the correlation is not absolute. In fact, it is ultimately the mission that a unit performs that determines the level of war within which it operates. The operational level of war occupies roughly the middle ground between the campaign's strategic focus and the tactics of an engagement. It describes "a distinct intermediate level of war between military strategy , governing war in general, and tactics, involving individual battles". For example, during World War II ,
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