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Junior Hockey League (Russia)

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The Junior Hockey League (JHL) ( Russian : Молодежная Хоккейная Лига (МХЛ) , romanized :  M olodezhnaya H okkeinaya L iga ), sometimes translated as the Minor or Youth Hockey League , is a major junior ice hockey league in Eurasia , founded in 2009. It currently consists of 33 teams from 3 countries. Currently, all teams but one are subsidiaries (feeder teams) for their respective KHL or VHL professional counterparts. A player's age cannot be older than 20. The Kharlamov Cup , named after star ice hockey player Valeri Kharlamov , is awarded annually as the Ice Hockey Federation of Russia 's official Junior Championship, following a 16-team playoff at the end of the regular season .

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51-401: ( KHL ) In the first MHL season, 22 teams participated, all from Russia . The MHL opened its doors on September 4, 2009 in Moscow , when the first ever MHL game was played between MHC Dynamo (then the junior team of Dynamo Moscow ) and CSKA-Red Army (the junior team of CSKA Moscow ) with Dynamo picking up the 6–2 victory. The 2010 Challenge Cup ( Russian : Кубок Вызова, Kubok Vyzova ),

102-635: A number of changes, with 2 teams joining the league and 2 teams leaving, each for different reasons. Due to the War in Donbass , the league stated that Molodaya Gvardia would miss this season. JHC Bars (then the junior team of Ak Bars Kazan ) left the league to join the Supreme Hockey League (VHL). Their place as Ak Bars Kazan's junior team would be taken by Irbis . New teams joining the league were an expansion team from Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk called

153-564: A one-year hiatus. The newly created Chinese club HC Kunlun Red Star from Beijing was admitted for the 2016–17 season . Prior to the 2017–18 season , Medveščak Zagreb withdrew from the league to rejoin the Austrian league and Metallurg Novokuznetsk was sent down to the VHL . After the end of the 2018–19 season , HC Slovan Bratislava withdrew from the KHL due to financial issues to rejoin

204-444: A small number of teams joining the league, but also with a huge number of teams leaving. Those teams leaving included MHC Khimik , who left the league to join the Supreme Hockey League (VHL), the junior team of EC Red Bull Salzburg , the junior team of HC Energie Karlovy Vary , Belye Tigry , Berkuty Kubani Krasnodar , Junior Kurgan , Dinamo-Shinnik and JHC Yunost (the junior team of Yunost Minsk ). Meanwhile, new teams joining

255-512: A team composed of players playing in the MHL named the Red Stars toured North America and played 5 games there with the following results: The city of Omsk hosted the inaugural Junior Club World Cup from August 30 to September 3, 2011. Krasnaya Armiya won the tournament beating HC Energie Karlovy Vary 7–2 in the final. As in 2010, the Red Stars ( Russian : Красные Звезды, Krasnye Zvezdy ),

306-600: A team made of players who play in the MHL, toured North America. The opponents of the Red Stars were teams from NCAA Division I and the NAHL . MHL Red Stars participated in the 2012 IIHF U20 Challenge Cup of Asia , the U20 edition of the IIHF Challenge Cup of Asia . Red Stars won all 4 of their games, with a total of 57–0 goals. The MHL Red Stars participated in the 2013 IIHF U20 Challenge Cup of Asia . The tournament

357-549: Is an exhibition game held annually at the midway point (usually January or February) of the season, with the league's star players playing against each other. Previously played in a "Russian players versus the rest of the world" format, it is now run in a similar format to the NHL All-Star Game , where the four divisions face off in 3v3 matches. Krasnaya Armiya (JHL) Hockey Club Krasnaya Armiya Moscow ( Russian : Хоккейный клуб "Красная Армия" ) or Red Army ,

408-630: Is an international professional ice hockey league founded in 2008. It comprises member clubs based in Russia (20), Belarus (1), Kazakhstan (1), and China (1) for a total of 23 clubs. It was considered in 2015 to be the strongest professional ice hockey league in Europe and Asia , and tied for the second-strongest in the world with the American Hockey League behind North America 's National Hockey League . The KHL had in 2017

459-598: Is strong evidence indicating otherwise". For players born in former Soviet republics, the situation is often more complex due to dual citizenship and naturalization. For instance, a list of players born in Ukraine gives case-by-case details for some of those players. China has also given citizenship to several hockey players without Chinese ancestry in order for them to compete internationally for China while allowing them to maintain their previous citizenship. In some cases, players can change their nationality registration with

510-486: The 2009–10 season , Avtomobilist Yekaterinburg joined the KHL and Khimik Voskresensk was transferred to a lower league. In the 2010–11 season , Yugra Khanty-Mansiysk joined the league. After several attempts by teams from Central Europe and Scandinavia to join the KHL, expansion beyond the borders of the former Soviet Union was finally realized in 2011. Lev Poprad , a newly founded team based in Poprad , Slovakia

561-738: The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine , the limit on foreign players for Russian clubs was reduced to three for the 2023–24 season onwards. KHL players are represented by the Kontinental Hockey League Players' Trade Union . After the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, some non-Russian players elected to leave their teams, at the risk of forfeiting their salaries. The departing players included former NHL players Markus Granlund , Nick Shore , Geoff Platt , Kenny Agostino , Teemu Hartikainen , Philip Larsen , Sakari Manninen , Harri Säteri , Jyrki Jokipakka , Joakim Nordström , Lucas Wallmark , and Juho Olkinuora . During

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612-547: The Austrian Hockey League , and Russian expansion team Admiral Vladivostok joined the league, thus expanding the league even further. The league comprised 28 teams during the 2013–14 season, of which 21 were based in Russia and 7 located in the other countries. In 2014, Finnish team Jokerit from Helsinki , Lada Togliatti (which previously played in the league), and newly created team HC Sochi joined

663-957: The Omsk Hawks (the junior team of Avangard Omsk ) in the East and Almaz Cherepovets (the junior team of Severstal Cherepovets ) in the West. Omsk Hawks also made it to the Kharlamov Cup final, where they defeated the Red Army team from Moscow with a 4–1 series win. For their fourth season, the MHL expanded to Czech Republic and Hungary , with the junior team of HC Energie Karlovy Vary and Patriot Budapest joining. The two Russian teams Kristall Berdsk and HC Oktan Perm were promoted from MHL-B , while Ladya Togliatti (the junior team of Lada Togliatti ) and HC Olimpiya Kirovo-Chepetsk were relegated. Slovak team Tatranskí Vlci withdrew from

714-690: The Opening Cup annually to the winner of the first game between the Gagarin Cup winner and the runner-up of the previous season. On 10 September 2011, three days after the 2011 Lokomotiv Yaroslavl plane crash , the KHL head office decided to honor the deceased in the 2011 Opening Cup. The League gives the Andrey Starovoytov Award annually to its referees of the year, also called the "Golden Whistle". Since its foundation in 2008, 35 different clubs have played in

765-495: The Russian Superleague (RSL) and the champion of the 2007–08 season of the second division , with 24 teams: 21 from Russia and one each from Belarus , Latvia , and Kazakhstan . The teams were divided into four divisions, based on the performance in previous seasons. The start of the fourth season was overshadowed by the 2011 Lokomotiv Yaroslavl plane crash on 7 September 2011 in which almost all members of

816-469: The Sakhalin Sharks as well as Berkuty Kubani Krasnodar from Krasnodar , who were promoted from MHL-B. Chaika (the junior team of Torpedo Nizhny Novgorod ) won the Kharlamov Cup for the first time after defeating SKA-1946 (one of the junior teams of SKA Saint Petersburg ) with a 4–1 final series win. For the seventh season, the league once again went through some big changes, with both

867-471: The Slovak Tipsport Liga . On 24 February 2022, Finnish club Jokerit announced the team would withdraw from the league for the remainder of the season, including the playoffs, due to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine . On 27 February 2022, Latvian club Dinamo Riga announced that they too would withdraw for the same reasons. Prior to the 2023–24 season , HC Lada Togliatti rejoined

918-806: The Steel Foxes from Magnitogorsk with a 4–0 sweep. For the 2011–12 season, a second division named MHL-B was established, which features mostly junior teams of VHL teams. A relegation and promotion system is in place between the MHL and MHL-B. The number of MHL teams was expanded from 29 to 32. One team, Krylya Sovetov , left the league, while 4 new teams joined: Tatranskí Vlci from Spišská Nová Ves , Slovakia (the junior team of Lev Poprad ), Kapitan Stupino from Stupino , Snezhnye Barsy from Astana , Kazakhstan (the junior team of Barys Astana ) and Mamonty Yugry from Khanty-Mansiysk (the junior team of Yugra Khanty-Mansiysk ). Minskie Zubry were renamed to Dinamo-Shinnik and moved to Babruysk . Sheriff

969-615: The all-star game of the MHL, was played on February 6 in the Ice Palace in Saint Petersburg . The Western Conference team defeated the Eastern Conference team 6–4. The last matches of the regular season were played on March 8, 2010. Steel Foxes (the junior team of Metallurg Magnitogorsk ) won the Eastern Conference regular season and the overall MHL regular season with 135 points in 54 games. Soviet Wings won

1020-502: The highest total attendance in Europe with 15.32 million spectators in the regular season and third-highest average attendance in Europe with 26,121 spectators per game in the regular season. The Gagarin Cup is awarded annually to the league's playoff champion at the end of each season. The title of Champion of Russia is given to the highest-ranked Russian team. The league formed from

1071-433: The 2023–2024 season, players representing 18 nations played at least one game in the KHL. A player's nationality is for various reasons sometimes ambiguous. For the table presented below, the nationality "is determined based on the last country that the player represented in international competition. If a player has never played for a national team, usually the country of birth is chosen as the player nationality, unless there

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1122-581: The International Ice Hockey Federation. On 4 October 2010, the conflict between the leagues was settled when both signed a new agreement to honor one another's contracts. The league also set up rules for the NHL lockout which lasted from 16 September 2012 to 12 January 2013. According to these regulations, each KHL team was allowed to add up to three NHL players to its roster, with only one foreign player allowed. 40 NHL players,

1173-508: The KHL, with 32 having qualified for at least one postseason. Of the 24 founding teams, only Metallurg Novokuznetsk and Khimik Voskresensk had never qualified for the playoffs (both are no longer in the league). The table gives the final regular-season ranks for all teams, with the playoff performance encoded in colors. The teams are ordered by their best championship results. Total and average attendance by season, including play-offs: The Kontinental Hockey League All-Star Game

1224-538: The KHL. Since 2009, the league has been divided into East and West conferences. In the current season, both conferences include 12 teams divided into two divisions of 6 teams. Each team plays four games against each division opponent (20), three games against each non-division conference opponent (18), and two games against each non-conference opponent (24) for a total of 62 games. The eight top-ranked teams in each conference receive playoff berths. Within each conference quarterfinals, semifinals and finals are played before

1275-449: The NHL. A dispute between the two leagues over some of these signings was supposed to have been resolved by an agreement signed on 10 July 2008, whereby each league would honor the contracts of the other, but the signing of Alexander Radulov was made public one day after the agreement (though it was actually signed two days prior to the agreement taking effect), leading to an investigation by

1326-507: The Western Conference regular season with 119 points in 66 games. The playoffs started on March 13, 2010. No teams of the Western Conference made it past the round of 16 of the playoffs. Steel Foxes and Kuznetskie Medvedi (the junior team of Metallurg Novokuznetsk ) reached the playoff finals for the Kharlamov Cup . The first game of the best-of-five series between these two clubs was played on April 21, 2010. Steel Foxes won

1377-404: The best players of the Western Conference on one side against the best players of the Eastern Conference on the other side. In the West, MHC Khimik won the regular season, while in the East, Tolpar Ufa was the winner. The playoffs were for the first time separate in each conference, with the two winners meeting in the Kharlamov Cup final. In the final, the Red Army team from Moscow defeated

1428-544: The conference winners play against each other for the Gagarin Cup . The division winners are seeded first and second in their conference, based on their regular-season record. All playoff rounds are played as best-of-seven series. In each round, the top-seeded remaining team is paired with the lowest-seeded team, etc. In the 2012–13 season, the Nadezhda Cup (Cup of Hope) was introduced, a consolation tournament for

1479-608: The first press secretary for the league, after it evolved from the Superleague. After the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine , the National Hockey League suspended operation of its Memorandum of Understanding with the KHL. An NHL memo instructed NHL teams to "immediately cease all dealings [direct or indirect] with the KHL and KHL Clubs [and all representatives of both], as well as with player agents who are based in and continue to do business in Russia." In

1530-409: The first ever Kharlamov Cup after defeating Kuznetsk Bears 3–2 on April 26, 2010 and winning the series 3–1. Belye Medvedi (the junior team of Traktor Chelyabinsk ) and Tolpar (the junior team of Salavat Yulaev Ufa ) lost the semi-finals series of the playoffs and played in a two-legged tie for the third place. The first match of the tie was played on April 20, 2010 on Belye Medvedi's home ice and

1581-490: The first team to ever repeat as Kharlamov Cup champions. For the fifth season, the league expanded to 40 teams, divided into two conferences with two divisions each. New teams are the junior team of EC Red Bull Salzburg from Austria , Molodaya Gvardia from Ukraine (the junior team of HC Donbass ) and Dinamo Saint Petersburg . Ladya Togliatti, Olimpiya Kirovo-Chepetsk, Junior Kurgan (the junior team of Zauralie Kurgan ) and HC Chelny were promoted from MHL-B. Oktan Perm

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1632-472: The junior team of UHC Dynamo in the second season. Phoenix was renamed to MHC Khimik . MHC Krylya Sovetov was reunited with PHC Krylya Sovetov (playing in the VHL ) and the MHL team of the newly reunited club was moved to Dmitrov . Among the new teams were teams from Belarus ( Minskie Zubry (then the junior team of Dinamo Minsk ) and MHC Yunost (the junior team of Yunost Minsk )) and Latvia ( HC Riga (the junior team of Dinamo Riga )), thus making

1683-428: The league after being inactive for five years. While Reaktor (the junior team of Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk ) dominated both the regular season and the first three rounds of the playoffs, they were not able to continue their success in the Kharlamov Cup final, with the Red Army team taking the series in a 4–0 sweep, winning their second Kharlamov Cup. Season nine featured some minor changes with only 2 teams joining

1734-624: The league included the Russia U18 squad as well as Sarmaty from Orenburg (the junior team of Yuzhny Ural Orsk ) and Dinamo-Raubichi (then the junior team of Dinamo Minsk ) from Minsk , Belarus . Chaika returned to the Kharlamov Cup final, but were not able to repeat as champions, with Loko Yaroslavl (the junior team of Lokomotiv Yaroslavl ) winning the series, 4–1. The first ever (and so far only) Super Cup ( Russian : Суперкубок, Superkubok ) took place on 30 April 2016 in Uchaly . It

1785-578: The league international. Both conferences were divided into 2 divisions each. The regular season started on 4 September 2010 in Magnitogorsk with a match for the Opening Cup between last year's Kharlamov Cup playoff finalists Steel Foxes and Kuznetskie Medvedi . Steel Foxes won the match with 8 goals to 1. The 2011 Challenge Cup took place in Ufa on 12 February 2011. As in 2010, the match pitted

1836-428: The league on a year-by-year basis, and their nationality with the league may not match that of their International Ice Hockey Federation registration. Non-Russians represented about 30–35% of KHL players and were mostly Central European , Nordic , and North American . Following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, some non-Russian players elected to leave their teams and clubs Jokerit Helsinki and Dinamo Riga left

1887-509: The league were Olimpiya Kirovo-Chepetsk, Dinamo-Raubichi, Russia U18 and the Sakhalin Sharks. Meanwhile, the teams that joined the league were Sputnik Almetyevsk (the junior team of Neftyanik Almetyevsk ), expansion club Taifun from Ussuriysk (the junior team of Admiral Vladivostok ), Altay Oskemen from Ust-Kamenogorsk , Kazakhstan (the junior team of Torpedo Ust-Kamenogorsk ) as well as Krylya Sovetov who were returning to

1938-469: The league, reducing non-Russians to about 25% of KHL players. In 2023–24, more than 800 players played at least one game in the league (see table below ). Russian teams are currently limited to a maximum of three foreign players. — The winner of the playoff is awarded the Gagarin Cup . The highest placed Russian team is awarded the Championship of Russia. The team ranked first in the standings after

1989-477: The league. However, HC Donbass did not play in the league for the 2014–15 season, due to the Russian intervention in Ukraine , but had intended to rejoin later. Two other teams, Lev Praha and Spartak Moscow , also withdrew from the 2014–15 season due to financial problems. Prior to the 2015–16 season , Atlant Moscow Oblast withdrew from the KHL due to financial issues, while Spartak Moscow returned after

2040-418: The league. These changes brought the number of teams up to 33, representing 6 countries. The Omsk Hawks once again made it to the Kharlamov Cup final, where this time they defeated MHC Spartak (the junior team of Spartak Moscow ) from Moscow in 7 games, winning the seventh game in overtime thanks to Kirill Rasskazov . Omsk Hawks also became the first team ever to not only win 2 Kharlamov Cups, but also

2091-481: The league. Those teams were KRS Junior (the junior team of Kunlun Red Star ) from Beijing , China (though they play their home games in Riga , Latvia) and returning Kapitan Stupino (which became the junior team of HC Sochi ), thus bringing the number of teams in the league up to 33 once again, this time representing only 4 countries. Meanwhile, MHC MVD was renamed to MHK Dynamo . In December 2010 and January 2011,

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2142-445: The majority of them Russians, played in the KHL during the lockout. For the 2012–13 season, the KHL board limited Russian clubs to a maximum of five foreign players on their roster and required non-Russian clubs to have at least five players from their respective countries. Foreign goaltenders on Russian teams also became subject to a limit regarding their total seasonal ice time. In response to restrictions on Russian athletes following

2193-774: The regular season, i.e. the winner of the regular season, is awarded the Continental Cup ( Russian : Кубок Континента, Kubok Kontinenta ). The winners of the conference finals are awarded the Eastern Conference Champion Cup ( Russian : Кубок Победителю конференции Восток, Kubok Pobeditelyu konferentsii Vostok ) and the Western Conference Champion Cup ( Russian : Кубок Победителю конференции Запад, Kubok Pobeditelyu konferentsii Zapad ). The KHL presents annual awards to its most successful players. The KHL also awards

2244-431: The second leg on April 24 on Tolpar's home ice. Tolpar won both games, first 4–2, second 5–2 and clinched third place of the first season of the MHL. The number of teams was expanded from 22 in the inaugural season to 29 in the second season. 8 new teams joined the league while Dynamo Moscow 's junior team left the league. Sheriff , the junior team of HC MVD in the inaugural season, was moved to Tver and would serve as

2295-484: The team Lokomotiv Yaroslavl lost their lives shortly after take-off for their flight to their season-opening game in Minsk . The Opening Cup game in Ufa , which was already underway when news of the disaster arrived, was suspended. In memory of the disaster, 7 September remained a day of mourning on which no KHL regular-season games took place, until after the 2017–18 KHL season . Journalist Vsevolod Kukushkin acted as

2346-475: The teams who did not qualify for the playoffs. The winning team in the tournament wins the first overall pick in the KHL Junior Draft . The tournament is intended to extend the season and help maintain interest in hockey in the cities of these teams, and help players of national teams prepare for upcoming World Championships. Prior to the inaugural season, several KHL teams signed several players from

2397-443: Was admitted to the league. But after only one season, Lev was replaced by a team of the same name, Lev Praha , from Prague , Czech Republic , while Slovan Bratislava from Bratislava , Slovakia and Ukraine 's Donbass from Donetsk joined the KHL as expansion teams for the 2012–13 season. Lev and Slovan qualified for the playoffs in their first KHL season. In 2013, Medveščak from Zagreb , Croatia , previously playing in

2448-902: Was held in Khabarovsk . The Red Stars won the game against South Korea but lost against Japan , finishing second in the tournament. Game against the Merrimack Warriors cancelled due to severe weather concerns according to North American sources. Game ended 5 goals to 4 after a shootout according to Russian sources. KHL KHL TV , KHL TV Prime (Russia (as part of the NTV Plus package), Russia and international through KHL's website ) Match TV (Russia) Belarus 5 (Belarus) Qazsport (Kazakhstan) CCTV-5+ (China) The Kontinental Hockey League ( KHL ; Russian : Континентальная хоккейная лига (КХЛ) , romanized :  Kontinental'naya khokkeynaya liga )

2499-575: Was renamed to MHC MVD and moved from Tver to Balashikha . The 2012 Challenge Cup took place in Magnitogorsk on 11 February 2012. The first ever Future Cup ( Russian : Кубок Будущего, Kubok Budushchego ) took place in Chelyabinsk on 13 March 2012 and featured the best under-18 players (not born before 1 January 1994) of both the MHL and the MHL-B division . The regular season winners were

2550-411: Was renamed to "Molot". In September, after the season had already started, Patriot from Hungary withdrew from the league, leaving only 39 teams to play the season. MHC Spartak achieved redemption this season after falling just short the season before by winning the Kharlamov Cup defeating their rivals, the Red Army team from Moscow , 4–3 in the final. For the sixth season, the league went through

2601-463: Was the trophy awarded to the winner of the game between the winner of the Kharlamov Cup (the MHL champions) and the winner of the Regions Cup (the MHL-B champions) and was won by Loko Yaroslavl 5–1 against Gornyak Uchaly . For the eighth season, the number of teams in the league was at 31 teams, representing 3 countries (28 from Russia, 2 from Kazakhstan and 1 from Latvia). Teams that left

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