American victory
49-716: Moraviantown may refer to: Battle of Moraviantown, better known as Battle of the Thames Moravian 47, Ontario , home of The Moraviantown Delaware Nation Munsee language , spoken only on the Moraviantown Reserve in Ontario, Canada by five living people Christian Munsee , also known as the Moravian Munsee See also [ edit ] Moravian (disambiguation) Topics referred to by
98-416: A Macrosite , an area that contains numerous ecological or geological significant zones, such as Areas of Natural and Scientific Interest . Inner Long Point Bay covers approximately 78 km (30 sq mi) between the spit and Lake Erie's north shore. The Inner Bay is a diverse sport fishery and continentally important staging area for migratory waterfowl. Immediately adjacent to the coastal reserve
147-486: A complete victory in the Battle of Lake Erie . Perry hastily wrote a note to General Harrison stating: "We have met the enemy and they are ours". Harrison knew that Procter would be forced to retreat, so he ordered an advance. One thousand mounted troops began advancing along the lake shore to Detroit, and 2,500 foot soldiers were carried there and to Amherstburg by Perry's ships once they had repaired any damage received during
196-508: A cool summer humid continental climate with no dry season ( Köppen climate classification Dfb ). The climate of Long Point is influenced by Lake Erie , causing spring and summer temperatures to be cooler, and autumn and winter temperatures to be warmer than the adjacent mainland. Winters are relatively cool, with a mean temperature of 1 °C (33.8 °F) while summers are warm, averaging 22 °C (71.6 °F). Long Point averages 860 mm (34 in) of precipitation per year. It
245-405: A figure that included the prisoners taken during the retreat leading up to the battle and stragglers captured after it. The Indians recorded their own casualties as 16 killed, including Tecumseh, although Harrison claimed that 33 dead Indians were found in the woods after the battle. General Procter wrote in a letter dated October 23, 1813, "The Indian cause and ours experienced a serious loss in
294-496: A line that runs between Turkey Point to the north and Pottahawk Point to the south. Some of the towns along the bay's north shore include Port Rowan , Turkey Point and Port Dover . Long Point is north of and across the lake from Presque Isle and Erie, Pennsylvania . Settlers from Europe began arriving in this area in 1790. After the American Revolution , many Loyalists began to settle here but after 1796, land
343-640: A result of the battle; Tecumseh was killed, and his confederacy largely fell apart. British troops under Major General Henry Procter had occupied Detroit until the United States Navy gained control of Lake Erie, cutting them off from their supplies. Procter was forced to retreat north up the Thames River to Moraviantown, followed by the tribal confederacy under Shawnee leader Tecumseh who were his allies. American infantry and cavalry under Major General William Henry Harrison drove off
392-645: A single 6-pounder cannon. He planned to trap Harrison on the banks of the Thames, driving the Americans off the road with cannon fire, but he had made no attempt to fortify the position by creating abatis or throwing up earthworks, and the ground presented no obstacle to the American horsemen, while scattered trees masked the British fire. Tecumseh's men formed a line in a black ash swamp on the British right to flank
441-491: A single ragged fusillade before retreating in disorder. Procter and about 250 of his men fled from the battlefield, while the rest of his soldiers threw down their weapons and surrendered. Most of the British soldiers, including Lieutenant Richard Bullock's grenadier company, who escaped the battlefield were on the right of the British line, where the ground was marshy and more thickly wooded. Tecumseh and his followers remained and carried on fighting. Col. Johnson charged into
490-458: Is a sand spit and medium-sized hamlet on the north shore of Lake Erie , part of Norfolk County in the province of Ontario , Canada. It is about 40 kilometres (25 mi) long and is about 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) across at its widest point. Lake Erie lies to the south of Long Point, and Long Point Bay lies on the north side. The bay is subdivided into the Inner Bay and Outer Bay by
539-421: Is a distinctive terrestrial area of temperate 'Carolinian' broadleaf forests , conifer plantations, oak savannas and diverse agro-ecosystems. The region is an important location for bird migration in spring and autumn. It is a major staging area for a variety of waterfowl. "Long Point itself is one of the most important wetland complexes for migrating waterfowl in southern Canada, and is reported to receive
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#1732765180594588-595: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Battle of the Thames 1,100 –1,800: 3,760+: The Battle of the Thames / ˈ t ɛ m z / , also known as the Battle of Moraviantown , was an American victory in the War of 1812 against Tecumseh's Confederacy and their British allies. It took place on October 5, 1813, in Upper Canada , near Chatham . The British lost control of Southwestern Ontario as
637-483: Is home to 1384 species of plant, 370 species of birds, 102 species of fish, 46 species of mammals, 34 species of amphibians and reptiles, and 91 species of butterflies. These include Species at Risk such as American ginseng ( Panax quinquefollus ), American badger ( Taxidea taxus ), Acadian flycatcher ( Empidonax virescens ) and channel darter ( Percina copelandi ). According to the Atlas of Canada, Long point has
686-518: Is owned by the Long Point Company, a private organization that does not allow the public onto its property. Because of this, most homes, cottages and business are within the first few kilometres of the causeway that carries the road between Long Point and the mainland. Long Point Provincial Park, a popular destination for day visitors and campers, is located on the peninsula Long Point is an example of sand dune and sand-spit formation in
735-472: The 41st Regiment , without orders, while he led the retreat accompanied by his wife and family, the other women and dependents, and his personal baggage. The British soldiers were becoming increasingly demoralized, and Tecumseh's warriors grew ever more impatient with Procter for his unwillingness to stop and fight. The Americans left a brigade under Duncan McArthur to garrison Detroit and another under Lewis Cass to garrison Sandwich, Ontario . Harrison led
784-466: The Great Lakes region. It is the largest erosion deposit formation in the Great Lakes , created by water-borne sediments swept eastward and deposited in part along an underwater glacial moraine . Habitats on and surrounding Long Point include woodlands , sand dunes and bluffs , marshes , ponds , meadows , beaches and lakeshore . The complex is the largest biophysical formation of its kind in
833-674: The River Raisin area of Michigan, all of them spurred on by the slogan " Remember the River Raisin ." Procter had about 800 soldiers, mainly from the 41st Regiment. The veterans of the regiment's 1st Battalion had been serving in Canada since 1803 and had suffered heavy casualties in several engagements in 1813, including the Battle of Lake Erie, where more than 150 of its men had served aboard Barclay's ships. They had been reinforced by
882-522: The Americans. Tecumseh rode along the British line, shaking hands with each officer before rejoining his warriors. General Harrison surveyed the battlefield and ordered James Johnson (brother of Col. Johnson) to make a frontal attack on the British regulars with his mounted riflemen. Despite the Indians' flanking fire, Johnson's Kentuckians broke through, the British cannon not having fired. The exhausted, dispirited, and half-starved British regulars fired
931-837: The Battle of the Thames. The following units and commanders of the American, British, and Native American armed forces Battle of the Thames: Army of the Northwest : MG William Henry Harrison General Staff Col Richard Mentor Johnson (w) Governor Isaac Shelby General Staff 1st Division BG William Henry Col George Trotter BG David Chiles BG John E. King Second Division BG Joseph Desha BG James Allen BG Samuel Caldwell Major General Henry Procter Tecumseh † Long Point, Ontario Long Point
980-556: The British and then defeated the Indigenous peoples, who were demoralized by the death of Tecumseh in action. American control was re-established in the Detroit area, the tribal confederacy collapsed, and Procter was court-martialed for his poor leadership. The American Army of the Northwest under Major General William Henry Harrison was attempting to recover Fort Detroit and capture Fort Malden at Amherstburg, Ontario during
1029-643: The British under Commander Robert Heriot Barclay kept the Americans pinned down in Presque Isle, but they had to lift the blockade for two days in order to receive supplies. Perry was able to move his ships across the sandbar at the entrance to the harbor and into the lake, and Barclay failed to attack them. Perry's superior squadron instituted a counter-blockade of Amherstburg as soon as his vessels were armed and manned, and supplies of food rapidly ran short. With supplies almost exhausted, Barclay put out to seek battle with Perry on September 10, but Perry gained
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#17327651805941078-497: The Indian position at the head of about 20 horsemen to draw attention away from the main American force, but Tecumseh and his men answered with a volley of musket fire that stopped the cavalry charge. Fifteen of Johnson's men were killed or wounded, Johnson himself was hit five times, and his main force became bogged down in the swamp mud. Tecumseh is believed to have been killed during this fighting. The main force made its way through
1127-749: The Laurentian Great Lakes of North America. North of the peninsula lie several islands, including Ryerson's , Second , and Snow . In 1982, the Long Point National Wildlife Area was recognized as a wetland of international significance under the Ramsar Convention . In 1986, Long Point Biosphere Reserve was designated as a World Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO and as a globally significant Important Bird Area by Bird Life International. The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources classifies Long Point as
1176-525: The Long Point Bird Observatory was established to monitor migrant birds on the point. It is North America's oldest bird observatory. As a result of a growing national focus towards saving the birds, the organization was renamed Bird Studies Canada in 1998. Its national headquarters overlooks Long Point Inner Bay on the western limits of Port Rowan, adjacent to base of the peninsula. The Long Point Biosphere Reserve and surrounding area
1225-628: The Long Point Company purchased the Point in 1866 to facilitate this pursuit. Long Point Provincial Park was created in May 1921; by 1929, it was connected to the mainland by a new causeway. The year-round population of Long Point is about 450 people, but the population increases in summer months when cottagers and campers visit. Long Point is popular destination for boating, swimming, fishing, waterfowl-hunting and canoeing, attracting between 100,000 and 300,000 visitors each year. A large portion of Long Point
1274-420: The Northwest frontier, and the Detroit area remained comparatively quiet for the rest of the war, apart from skirmishes such as the Battle of Longwoods and an American mounted raid near the end of 1814 which resulted in the Battle of Malcolm's Mills . American victory at the Thames failed to translate into recapture of Illinois, Wisconsin, and other Midwestern territories, which the British and Indians held until
1323-417: The battle. Procter had made preparations to fall back to the British position at Burlington Heights at the western end of Lake Ontario even before he received news of Barclay's defeat, and Tecumseh knew that this would remove all protection from the confederation tribes whose lands lay to the west of Detroit. He attempted to dissuade Procter: Our fleet has gone out, we know they have fought; we have heard
1372-507: The bay, homes and cottages. During the mid-19th century some of local residents saw an opportunity to make easy money by "blackbirding." Blackbirders erected fake lighthouses during times of low visibility. Ships trying to enter the old cut would run aground. When the crew abandoned ship the blackbirders would loot the ship of cargo and other valuables. With law enforcement based in London, Ontario , these blackbirders would store their loot on
1421-463: The belief that he had personally killed Tecumseh. A few days after the battle, Procter rallied 246 men of the 41st Regiment at the Grand River , reinforced by some young soldiers of the 2nd battalion who had not been present at the battle. The two battalions were reorganized and merged, as the regiment was severely understrength at this point, and the survivors of the 1st Battalion were placed in
1470-737: The death of Round Head." American soldiers scalped and skinned some of the dead Indians in order to acquire souvenirs. There are conflicting versions of the American loss in the battle. Harrison stated that 7 were killed outright, 5 died of wounds, and 17 more were wounded. Major General Isaac Shelby said that 7 or 8 were killed outright, 4 died of their wounds, and about 20 more were wounded. Participant Robert McAfee gave 10 killed and 35 wounded, while Peter Trisler Jr. said that there were 14 killed and 20 wounded. Historian Samuel R. Brown states that there were 25 killed or fatally injured and 50 wounded in Johnson's regiment, and 2 killed and 6–7 wounded in
1519-451: The eastern end of Lake Erie. If naval command of Lake Erie passed to the Americans, they would be able to land an army on the north shore, cutting off Procter from reinforcement from the east. British armed vessels had maintained control of the lake from the start of the war to the end of July 1813. The United States Navy was constructing its own squadron at Presque Isle Bay commanded by Master Commandant Oliver Hazard Perry . During July,
Moraviantown - Misplaced Pages Continue
1568-602: The end of the war and beyond. He then transferred most of his regulars east to the Niagara River and went himself to Washington where he was acclaimed a hero. However, a comparatively petty dispute with President James Madison and John Armstrong resulted in him resigning his commission as major general. Harrison's popularity grew, and he was eventually elected president. Richard Mentor Johnson eventually became vice president to President Martin Van Buren , based partly on
1617-486: The family tradition that Whitley and Tecumseh killed each other simultaneously. Harrison reported that the British regulars had 72 killed and 22 wounded prisoners. Lieutenant Richard Bullock of the 41st Regiment, however, said that there were 12 killed and 36 wounded prisoners. More than a year after the battle, British Colonel Augustus Warburton and Lieutenant Colonel William Evans both reported that 18 were killed and 25 wounded. Harrison reported 601 British troops captured,
1666-542: The great guns but know nothing of what has happened to our Father with one Arm [ Barclay had lost an arm in 1809 ]. Our ships have gone one way, and we are much astonished to see our Father [ Proctor ] tying up everything and preparing to run the other, without letting his red children know what his intentions are.... We must compare our Father's conduct to a fat animal that carries its tail upon its back; but when affrighted, it drops it between its legs and runs off. Nevertheless, Procter could not defend Fort Amherstburg, as there
1715-472: The grenadier and light infantry companies. The soldiers of the 41st who were taken prisoner at Moraviantown and the Battle of Lake Erie were exchanged or released towards the end of 1814. They had been held in encampments near Sandusky, Ohio , and had suffered severely from sickness during their captivity. In May 1814, Procter was charged with negligence and improper conduct, though a court martial could not be held until December, when campaigning had ceased for
1764-557: The highest waterfowl use (based on numbers of waterfowl days during spring and fall migration) of any area on the Great Lakes (approximately 4 million days per year). Up to 30,000 Tundra Swans pass through the area in spring, and up to 8% of the world's Canvasbacks congregate in the area on any one day during spring and fall," according to a report by the Long Point World Biosphere Reserve. In 1960,
1813-425: The infantry, for a total of 27 killed and 56 or 57 wounded. Harrison informed Secretary of War John Armstrong Jr. that the only casualties inflicted by the British were three men wounded; all of the rest were caused by the Indians. The enlistments were about to expire for the militia component of Harrison's army, so the Americans retired to Detroit. The American victory led to re-established American control over
1862-745: The last months of 1812 and for much of 1813 from the Right Division of the British Army in Upper Canada, which was commanded by Major General Henry Procter . The British position depended on maintaining command of Lake Erie , as the sparsely populated region produced insufficient crops and cattle to feed Procter's troops, the sailors of the British ships on the lake, and the large number of Indians and their families gathered at Amherstburg under Tecumseh. Supplies could effectively be brought to them only by water, usually from Long Point near
1911-602: The last of the food ran aground and were left behind to be captured by an American raiding party. William Henry Harrison's force numbered at least 3,500 infantry and cavalry. He had a small detachment of regulars from the 27th U.S. Infantry and five brigades of Kentucky militia led by Isaac Shelby , the 63 year-old governor of Kentucky and a hero of the American Revolutionary War . He had 1,000 volunteer cavalry under Colonel Richard Mentor Johnson . Most of Johnson's men were from Kentucky, but some were from
1960-428: The main body from Sandwich in pursuit of Procter on October 2. As they advanced, Harrison's men captured several abandoned boats and a steady stream of British stragglers. They caught up with the retreating British and Indians late on October 4. Tecumseh skirmished with the Americans near Chatham, Ontario to slow their advance, but the Indians were quickly overwhelmed. The boats carrying Warburton's reserve ammunition and
2009-400: The many hiding spots that Long Point offered. Abigail Becker on several occasions in the 19th century waded into stormy waters to save crew members of boats that had run aground. Long Point has caused many shipwrecks, with many of the wrecks located right off the tip of the point. More than 400 ships have sunk in an area called " The Lake Erie Quadrangle ". Sport hunting was important after
Moraviantown - Misplaced Pages Continue
2058-420: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Moraviantown . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moraviantown&oldid=772960908 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
2107-564: The swamp, and James Johnson's troops were freed from their attack on the British. The American reinforcements were converging as news spread of the death of Tecumseh, and Indian resistance dissolved. Richard Mentor Johnson was credited with shooting Tecumseh, though the evidence is unclear. William Whitley , a Revolutionary War veteran, is also credited with killing him. Lawyer and one-armed marksman James A Drain Sr., in his autobiography Single Handed (1927), wrote of hearing from Whitley's granddaughter
2156-484: The war's end; efforts also failed to regain control of the Old Northwest and of fur trade routes after the British victory at the subsequent Engagements on Lake Huron . The death of Tecumseh was a crushing blow to the Indian alliance which he created, and it dissolved following the battle. Harrison signed an armistice at Detroit with the chiefs or representatives of several tribes, although others fought on until
2205-481: The winter and a senior board of officers could be assembled. They judged that Procter had managed the retreat badly, failing to secure his stores, and also disposed the troops ineffectively at Moraviantown. He was sentenced to be suspended from rank and pay for six months. Three modern battalions of the United States Army perpetuate the lineage of the old 27th Infantry Regiment, elements of which were at
2254-434: The young soldiers of the 2nd Battalion. Most of the regiment's officers were dissatisfied with Procter's leadership, but Colonel Warburton, the next in seniority, refused to countenance any move to remove him from command. Tecumseh led about 500 Indians. Procter ordered his troops to abandon their half-cooked breakfast and retreat a further two miles shortly after daybreak on October 5, then formed them into line of battle with
2303-422: Was given to anyone who was capable of developing it. The first lighthouse was built in 1830. In the 19th century, a powerful storm cut an opening through the middle of Long Point. A lighthouse was built alongside the channel, which was the first of several on the point. The opening became known as "The Old Cut". The cut has since closed along the lakeshore, but boaters continue to use the northern portion to reach
2352-526: Was no food and the guns had been removed from the fort to be mounted on Barclay's ships. He began to retreat up the Thames River on September 27. Tecumseh had no option but to go with him. Procter apparently agreed to a compromise to retreat only as far as Moraviantown, a settlement of Lenape Indians who had migrated from the United States. This was the highest navigable point of the river, so it
2401-400: Was safe from outflanking moves by water. Also, some supplies could be brought there overland from Burlington Heights, although the roads were very poor. However, Procter made no attempt to fortify this position. The British retreat was badly managed, and the soldiers had been reduced to half rations. Procter allegedly left the main body of his army under command of Colonel Augustus Warburton of
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