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49-411: Mag Garden was founded on June 5, 2001, by Yoshihiro Hosaka, who previously worked as an editor from Enix (now Square Enix ) before leaving. It started out as a spin-out company from Enix's manga publishing division before the company merged with Square . The Square-Enix merger resulted in an uprising with some of the manga artist staff. Fearing their manga being dropped out of publication and tired of

98-564: A city . The current mayor is Kenichi Yoshizumi. The ward council ( 区議会 , kugikai ) consists of 38 elected members; the Liberal Democratic Party and New Komeitō Party together currently hold a majority. The Democratic Party of Japan , Japanese Communist Party and the Social Democratic Party are also represented together with four independents . Shinjuku's city office ( 区役所 , kuyakusho )

147-597: A company founded by former Chunsoft staff dedicated to developing Dragon Quest titles. Heartbeat would handle main series production until going on sabbatical in 2002. From 1994, Enix acted as publisher for Horii's Itadaki Street series, taking over the series from ASCII. They also frequently acted as publisher for titles from Tamtam, and created the Dragon Quest Monsters spin-off series with developer Tose . Enix were initially pitched unsuccessfully by Wolf Team with Tales of Phantasia , which

196-707: A critical and commercial success, selling over one million copies in Japan. The success of Dragon Quest spawned a franchise of the same name , which would become Enix's highest-grossing property. Horii, Sugiyama and Toriyama remained mainstays with the series. Chunsoft developed the next five Dragon Quest titles. While the Dragon Quest series proved successful, Enix continued publishing PC titles to maintain financial stability. The company also began selling merchandise themed after Dragon Quest in 1988 with character statues and toys, expanding to board and card games

245-403: A game prototype which could be published by Enix. Among the winners were Yuji Horii , then a writer for Weekly Shōnen Jump , with the sports game Love Match Tennis ; designer Koichi Nakamura with the puzzle game Door Door ; and self-trained programmer Kazuro Morita with the simulation video game Morita's Battlefield . During the next few years, Enix would publish titles for both

294-545: A mass departure of creatives and legal battles with Enix over manga copyright ownership. The issues were resolved in 2003 when Enix agreed to partially invest in Mag Garden. The manga division's troubles were lessened with the beginning of Fullmetal Alchemist , which proved highly popular. Enix also suffered from financial losses due to the delayed releases of Dragon Quest VII (2000) and Dragon Quest Monsters 2 (2001). Some notable titles begun or announced during

343-550: A number of successful series, was credited by critic Tsuyoshi Ito with helping manga appeal to a wider cross-demographic audience that blending the shōnen and shōjo manga styles. Hosaka also credited Enix with introducing fantasy into the wider mainstream market, and as a pioneer of publishers directly investing in and having creative input into anime adaptations of their work. Shinjuku Shinjuku ( Japanese : 新宿区 , Hepburn : Shinjuku-ku , IPA: [ɕiɲdʑɯkɯ] ) , officially called Shinjuku City ,

392-502: A period of turbulence as several editors expressed dissatisfaction with Enix's focus on Dragon Quest media and the shōnen demographic, a growing lack of creative freedom, and rising tensions between authors and editors. Editor Yoshihiro Hosaka and a number of other Gangan associates founded Mag Garden in 2001, which became a market rival through the Monthly Comic Blade magazine. Mag Garden's foundation triggered

441-507: A publishing company focused on advertising tabloids for real estate. On February 5, 1980, Eidansha Boshu created a wholly owned subsidiary Eidansya Fudousan for the purpose of specializing in real estate trading and brokerage, being renamed Eidansha Systems the following year. It was based in Shinjuku , Tokyo . During 1982 Eidansha Boshu made an unsuccessful attempt to become a nationwide chain. Fukushima decided to invest his capital into

490-778: A steady relationship with Production I.G as they have both collaborated on such cross-media anime/manga projects like Ghost Hound and Sisters of Wellber . Previously, Production I.G was Mag Garden's #2 shareholder as they owned 15% of their stock. The merger was completed on December 1, 2007, in which Mag Garden has officially become a subsidiary of IG Port. Among the manga artists who moved to Mag Garden were Kozue Amano , Rin Asano, Mayumi Azuma , Nanae Chrono, Moyamu Fujino, Maki Hakoda, Sakura Kinoshita , Satomi Kubo, Hiro Matsuba, Minene Sakurano , Kazusa Saitou, Kaili Sorano, Seiuchirou Todono, Sirou Tunasima, and Natsuki Yoshimura. Active Discontinued Enix Enix Corporation

539-520: Is 18.23 km . Since the end of World War II , Shinjuku has become a major secondary center of Tokyo ( fukutoshin ), rivaling the original city center in Marunouchi . "Shinjuku" is also commonly used to refer to the entire area surrounding Shinjuku Station . The southern half of this area and of the station are in fact located in the neighboring Shibuya ward. In 1634, during the Edo period , as

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588-1262: Is Hakone-san in Toyama Park, 44.6 m above sea level.       The area surrounding Shinjuku Station is a major economic hub of Tokyo. Many companies have their headquarters or Tokyo offices in this area, including regional telephone operator NTT East , global camera and medical device manufacturer Olympus Corporation , electronics giant Seiko Epson , video game developer Square Enix , fast food chains McDonald's Japan and Yoshinoya , travel agency H.I.S. , Subaru Corporation ( Subaru ), railway operator Odakyu Electric Railway , construction giants Taisei Corporation and Kumagai Gumi , medical equipment manufacturer Nihon Kohden , Enoki Films , navigation software company Jorudan , instant noodle giant Nissin Foods , automotive components manufacturer Keihin Corporation , and regional airline Airtransse . The station area also hosts numerous major retailers such as Isetan , Takashimaya , Marui , Bic Camera , Yodobashi Camera and Yamada Denki . Northeastern Shinjuku has an active publishing industry and

637-615: Is a special ward of Tokyo , Japan . It is a major commercial and administrative center, housing the northern half of the busiest railway station in the world ( Shinjuku Station ) as well as the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building , the administrative center of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government . As of 2018 , the ward has an estimated population of 346,235 and a population density of 18,232 people per km . The total area

686-537: Is home to the publishers Shinchosha and Futabasha . The main store of the Books Kinokuniya bookstore chain is also located in Shinjuku. By 2012 people of Chinese citizenship became the most numerous foreign citizens in Shinjuku. Previously the most common citizenship was collectively those of North and South Korea. Like the other special wards of Tokyo , Shinjuku has a status equivalent to that of

735-464: Is located on the southeastern edge of Kabukichō. Shinjuku is also the location of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government . The governor's office, the metropolitan assembly chamber, and all administrative head offices are located in the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building . Technically, Shinjuku is therefore the prefectural capital of Tokyo ; but according to a statement by the governor's office, Tokyo (the – as administrative unit: former – Tokyo City ,

784-551: The Final Fantasy franchise. Talks were temporarily halted when Square suffered financially due to the failure of the 2001 feature film Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within . Following the commercial success of Final Fantasy X (2001) and Kingdom Hearts (2002), talks went ahead on the merger with Enix as Square's finances stabilized; Square's then-CEO Yoichi Wada described it as a merger of two companies "at their height". Despite this, some shareholders had doubts about

833-523: The Great Kantō Earthquake in 1923, since the seismically stable area largely escaped the devastation. Consequently, West Shinjuku is one of the few areas in Tokyo with many skyscrapers . The Tokyo air raids from May to August 1945 destroyed almost 90% of the buildings in the area in and around Shinjuku Station. The pre-war form of Shinjuku and the rest of Tokyo was retained after the war because

882-732: The Yoyogi and Sendagaya districts of the special ward of Shibuya . Naturally, most of Shinjuku is occupied by the Yodobashi Plateau, the most elevated portion of which extends through most of the Shinjuku Station area. The Kanda River runs through the Ochiai and Totsuka areas near sea level, but the Toshima Plateau also builds elevation in the northern extremities of Totsuka and Ochiai. The highest point in Shinjuku

931-661: The 1970s, the Yodobashi Water Purification Plant closed and was replaced by skyscrapers. In 1991, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government moved from the Marunouchi district of Chiyoda to the current building in Shinjuku (the Tokyo International Forum stands at the former site vacated by the government). Shinjuku is surrounded by Chiyoda to the east; Bunkyo and Toshima to the north; Nakano to

980-654: The 1986 role playing video game (RPG) Dragon Quest for the Family Computer ; one of the earliest successful RPGs for consoles, it spawned a franchise of the same name which remains Enix's best-known product. They would gain notoriety as a publisher for several studios and their properties including tri-Ace , Tose , Chunsoft and Quintet . It also founded the Gangan Comics imprint family, and created international subsidiaries or partnerships related to technology development, publishing and education. In

1029-536: The 2000s were PlayStation 2 titles in the Grandia series, the MMORPG Fantasy Earth: The Ring of Dominion from Puraguru , and the action role-playing game Drakengard from Cavia . In 2001, citing the rising cost of game development, Enix expressed interest in merging with either Square or Namco . They ultimately began talks with Square, a market rival and developer of

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1078-503: The Famicom ( Nintendo Entertainment System ) Horii and Nakamura decided to develop a role-playing video game (RPG) for the platform. The RPG, titled Dragon Quest , began development in 1985. Horii and Nakamura acted as designers, composer Koichi Sugiyama created the score for the game, and Dragon Ball artist Akira Toriyama was brought on board for art design. While meeting with initially slow sales, Dragon Quest became

1127-506: The Japan Securities Dealers Association to offer shares for public purchase. Following Dragon Quest V (1992), Chunsoft left as main series developer, wanting to create their own titles. In the years following, Chunsoft continued collaborating with Enix on spin-off Dragon Quest titles including early entries in their Mystery Dungeon franchise. The next two entries were developed by Heartbeat ,

1176-508: The PC market and the fledgling Japanese console market. Using his royalties, Morita established the developer Random House and developed several PC and console titles including the Morita's Shogi series. In collaboration with Nakamura's new company Chunsoft , Horii notably created the adventure game The Portopia Serial Murder Case (1983), then during discussions around a port of the game to

1225-490: The Super Famicom. The game was developed by Quintet , a Japanese independent developer made up of former Nihon Falcom staff. Enix acted as publisher for all of Quintet's subsequent Super Famicom games in Japan. Enix had begun publishing guidebooks for the Dragon Quest series, between 1988 and 1991 the company decided to make print publication their second major business section alongside video game publishing. This

1274-953: The Tsurumaki Library, Tsunohazu Library, the Nishi-Ochiai Library, the Toyama Library, the Kita-Shinjuku Library, the Okubo Library, and the Nakamachi Library. In addition there is a branch library, Branch Library of Central Library in the City Office, located in the city office. There are several major hospitals located within the city limits: Shinjuku is a major urban transit hub. Shinjuku Station sees an estimated 3.64 million passengers pass through each day, making it

1323-427: The Yodobashi Water Purification Plant, the city's first modern water treatment facility, was built in the area that is now between the park and the train station. In 1920, the town of Naitō-Shinjuku, which comprised large parts of present-day Shinjuku (the neighborhood, not the municipality), parts of Nishi-Shinjuku and Kabukichō was integrated into Tokyo City . Shinjuku began to develop into its current form after

1372-595: The area of today's 23 special wards collectively) can usually be considered the capital of Tokyo (prefecture/"Metropolis") for geographical purposes. The Geographical Survey Institute (Kokudo Chiriin) names Tōkyō (the city) as capital of Tōkyō-to (the prefecture/"Metropolis"). Shinjuku operates several public libraries, including the Central Library (with the Children's Library), the Yotsuya Library,

1421-600: The busiest station in the world. It houses interchanges to three subway lines and three privately owned commuter lines, as well as several JR lines. A list of railway lines passing through and stations located within Shinjuku includes: Shuto Expressway : National highways : Other major routes: Moved: Public high schools are operated by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Board of Education . Closed: Private schools: Public elementary and junior high schools in Shinjuku are operated by

1470-469: The early 2000s, due to rising game development costs, Enix entered discussions about merging with Square , a rival company known for the Final Fantasy franchise. The merger eventually went ahead in 2003 forming Square Enix , with Enix as the surviving corporate entity. Enix was founded under the name Eidansha Boshu Service Center on September 22, 1975 by Yasuhiro Fukushima. An architect-turned-business entrepreneur, Fukushima initially founded Eidansha as

1519-403: The emerging video game market; during this period on August 30, Eidansya Fudousan was renamed Enix Corporation. The name Enix was a play on both the mythological Phoenix , and the early computer ENIAC . Seeking game proposals, Fukushima organized a competition dubbed the "Enix Game Hobby Program Contest" in both computer and manga magazines, offering a prize of ¥ 1 million (US$ 10,000) for

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1568-670: The following year. In October 1983, Enix co-founded Konishiroku Enix with Konishiroku Photo Company , later purchasing all shares in January 1989. A second subsidiary, Enix Products, was established in March 1988 for the sale of publications and character merchandise. Both subsidiaries along with the original Enix were merged into their parent company Eidansha Boshu in April 1989, which renamed itself Enix Corporation. In 1990, Enix published their first third-party console title ActRaiser for

1617-410: The harsh treatment, they left Square Enix to help create Mag Garden, where they would also continue serializing their series. The establishment of Mag Garden and the former manga artists' departure from Square Enix prompted legal disputes over copyright issues between the two companies. The legal battle was concluded in March 2003 and Square Enix agreed to contribute 50% of Mag Garden's capital. Manga that

1666-487: The last was Dragon Warrior Monsters , which was through a publishing deal with Eidos . The Dragon Quest series became one of the most popular video game series in Japan, spinning off into a multimedia franchise, and entering mainstream popular culture in the country. Several publications have cited the original game as a pioneer for the genre on home consoles, influencing the development of other popular series. Enix's Gangan Comics imprint, in addition to publishing

1715-490: The merger between Square and Enix, but was dissolved in 2005 after the establishment of Square Enix China. Digital Entertainment Academy Co., Ltd. was established as a partially owned subsidiary in 1991. Originally called Toshima Ku Hokkaido University, the school was founded to teach game development . Enix America Corporation was the corporation's first American localization subsidiary based in Redmond, Washington . It

1764-472: The merger, notably Square's founder Masafumi Miyamoto , who would find himself holding significantly less shares and having a smaller controlling stake if the deal went ahead as initially planned. Miyamoto's issue was resolved by altering the exchange ratio to one Square share for 0.85 Enix shares, and the merger was greenlit. The merger resulted in Square Enix being formed on April 1, 2003, with Enix as

1813-643: The outer moat of the Edo Castle was built, a number of temples and shrines moved to the Yotsuya area on the western edge of Shinjuku. In 1698, Naitō-Shinjuku had developed as a new (shin) station ( shuku or juku ) on the Kōshū Kaidō , one of the major highways of that era. Naitō was the family name of a daimyō whose mansion stood in the area; his land is now a public park, the Shinjuku Gyoen. In 1898,

1862-454: The relationship to that between an editor and an artist. Armor Project survived as an associate of Square Enix, growing into a larger entity over the years. Enix Webstar Network Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. was a company formed between Enix and Mauritius Webstar Inc. in 2001 to develop online and mobile phone games in China and, later, other parts of Asia. The subsidiary was carried over after

1911-488: The roads and rails, damaged as they were, remained, and these formed the heart of Shinjuku in the post-war construction. Only in Kabuki-cho was a grand reconstruction plan put into action. The present ward was established on March 15, 1947 with the merger of the former wards of Yotsuya, Ushigome, and Yodobashi. It served as part of the athletics 50 km walk and marathon course during the 1964 Summer Olympics . In

1960-585: The surviving corporate entity and Square dissolving its departments and subsidiaries into the new company. Enix's last two published titles were Star Ocean: Till the End of Time and Dragon Quest Monsters: Caravan Heart , both in 2003. Fantasy Earth and Drakengard were published after the merger. During reports on the merger with Square, Takashi Oya of Deutsche Securities described Enix as "[outsourcing] game development and [having] few in-house creators" compared to Square's focus on internal development. At

2009-427: The time of the merger, Enix had two development divisions; one managing the Dragon Quest series led by Yuu Miyake, and a supervisory division made up of producers. Speaking in 1997, Quintet staff described their company as a "subcontractor" for Enix, being involved in its projects even when not acting as a publisher. Horii notably created Armor Project as a company to oversee Dragon Quest for Enix, with him comparing

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2058-503: The time, which were leaving behind cartridge-based Nintendo 64 for the disc-based PlayStation , Enix announced in 1997 that they would publish titles for both platforms. They later stated their intention to develop for the GameCube . In August 1999, Enix was listed on Tokyo Stock Exchange 's first section, which includes the largest companies on the exchange. Beginning in the early 2000s, Enix's manga publishing division went through

2107-527: The west, and Shibuya and Minato to the south. The current city of Shinjuku grew out of several separate towns and villages, which have retained some distinctions despite growing together as part of the Tokyo metropolis. "Shinjuku" is often popularly understood to mean the entire area surrounding Shinjuku Station , but the Shinjuku Southern Terrace complex and the areas to the west of the station and south of Kōshū Kaidō are part of

2156-502: Was a Japanese multimedia publisher who handled and oversaw video games , manga , guidebooks, and merchandise. It was founded in 1975 by Yasuhiro Fukushima as Eidansha Boshu Service Center, initially as a tabloid publisher and later attempting to branch into real estate management. Beginning in 1982, Enix began publishing video games. Three notable early collaborators were designers Yuji Horii and Koichi Nakamura , and composer Koichi Sugiyama . Horii, Nakamura and Sugiyama would all work on

2205-487: Was once published under Enix from the former authors had to continue serialization under new titles. On September 22, 2003, Mag Garden became a separate, independent company and was admitted in the Tokyo Stock Exchange's "Mothers" market after Square Enix sold all of its remaining shares. On July 4, 2007, the company announced a merger with Production I.G to form a new company called IG Port. Mag Garden has

2254-633: Was organized after the release of Dragon Warrior by Nintendo of America in 1989. The subsidiary came into existence in 1990, but closed in November 1995 when the parent company decided to no longer release products in North America due to poor sales. One of the games they published, King Arthur & the Knights of Justice , was Enix's first and only North America exclusive game. Enix America, Inc., Enix's last American localization subsidiary,

2303-462: Was organized in 1999, and was based in Seattle , Washington . Paul Handelman, who was part of Enix America Corporation's staff, returned to lead Enix America, Inc. as president. The corporation was in existence until 2003, ceasing to exist after the merger with Square Co., Ltd. Several of Enix's localized games were published by other companies including Nintendo and Sony Computer Entertainment ;

2352-599: Was to ensure their income did not entirely depend on Dragon Quest . This eventually led to Enix launching the Gangan Comics imprint family, beginning with Monthly Shonen Gangan March 1991. Following its first publication with Monthly Shonen Gangan in March 1991, several other manga imprints with magazine and tankōbon editions were created for different genres including Monthly G-Fantasy and Monthly Shonen Gag-OU . The company also expanded their merchandise range to include other notable series including Mario and Pokémon . In February 1991, Enix registered with

2401-672: Was ultimately published by Namco in 1995. Enix later acted as publisher for Star Ocean (1996), developed by former Tales of Phantasia staff members who split from Wolf Team to form tri-Ace . In partnership with Enix, tri-Ace developed three further Star Ocean titles, and the Norse mythology -inspired RPG Valkyrie Profile (1999). Enix also notably helped publish two Western console titles; Riven (1998) and Tomb Raider III (1999). In August 1996, Enix moved from Shinjuku to offices in Shibuya . In contrast to other companies at

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