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35-466: The main building was constructed between 1829 and 1833 by Georg Moller in Neoclassical style . The construction had been requested by the bourgeoisie of the city of Mainz for decades and cost 280,000 guilders (the city's budget amounted to 300,000 guilders at that time). The theatre's great hall (Großes Haus) was destroyed by bombing during World War II. Friedrich Meyer-Oertel became director of

70-563: A dance technique called Taylor technique, which is now taught at modern dance schools like The Ailey School in New York City. Additionally, choreographers like William Forsythe developed techniques that deconstructed classical dance vocabulary and expanded both the technical and conceptual possibilities of contemporary dance. According to the International Encyclopedia of Dance, William Forsythe has established

105-578: A framework for his conceptual ballets which do not conform to a fixed style but instead integrate elements from various trends in contemporary art and thought. His productions utilize language, song, film, video, sculpture, and electronic sounds, as well as amplified noises generated by the dancers. His choreography incorporates academic dance terminology that imparts a classical quality to all of his works, even his most experimental pieces. William Forsythe has cited Rudolf Laban and his Space Harmony movement as an artistic influence, although his ballet technique

140-594: A more simple design. Moller was also responsible for the reconstruction of the castles in Bad Homburg and Meisenheim , the latter called Wolfgangsbau, for the Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg . He also worked for prince Klemens von Metternich , redesigning his castle Schloss Johannisberg . He worked in Hannover as well. Moller is considered, along with Karl Friedrich Schinkel and Leo von Klenze , to be one of

175-637: A notary in Celle, and from 1777 worked as an advocate and attorney-at-law in Diepholz. Moller's mother, Elisabeth von Castelmur, originated in an old Swiss family of nobility from the Upper Engadin district of Switzerland . Therefore, Moller grew up in a well-situated family. In 1800, after finishing secondary school Moller began studying architecture with Christian Ludwig Witte in Hannover. Here he

210-714: A series of concerts and also programmes for children and young people. Georg Moller Georg Moller (21 January 1784 – 13 March 1852) was an architect and a town planner who worked in the South of Germany, mostly in the region today known as Hessen . Moller was born in Diepholz , a descendant of an old Norwegian family of clergy, who were known in the 17th century for publishing protestant songbooks. His father, Levin Adolf Moller, grew up in Westphalia and became

245-588: A shift from spontaneous and experimental methods to choreographies grounded in intellectual concepts, such as mathematical structures and repetitive patterns. Contemporary dance sometimes incorporates elements of non-western dance cultures, such as elements from African dance including bent knees, or movements from the Japanese contemporary dance, Butoh . Contemporary dance continues to explore natural movement while embracing diverse influences and unconventional staging. Additionally, contemporary dance also examines

280-629: A structured linguistic system, to the subsequent "performative turn" which critiques representational practices and introduces new themes central to contemporary choreography. These themes include liveness, immediacy, authenticity, identity, and the interplay between presence and absence. As a result, contemporary dance works have become platforms for exploring complex themes, such as the unrepresentable and intangible aspects of human existence, which are difficult to represent using traditional and classical movement forms. Contemporary dance draws on both classical ballet and modern dance, whereas postmodern dance

315-419: Is a genre of dance performance that developed during the mid-twentieth century and has since grown to become one of the dominant genres for formally trained dancers throughout the world, with particularly strong popularity in the U.S. and Europe. Although originally informed by and borrowing from classical , modern , and jazz styles, it has come to incorporate elements from many styles of dance. According to

350-509: Is assumed that an element (a movement, a sound , a change of light) is in and of itself expressive; what it communicates is in large part determined by the observer themselves." Cunningham formed the Merce Cunningham Dance Company in 1953 and went on to create more than one hundred and fifty works for the company, many of which have been performed internationally by ballet and modern dance companies . Additionally,

385-418: Is notable both for its scholarship and for the quality of its illustrations. He was one of the first to take a stylistic approach to dating of buildings rather than accepting all recorded dates. An English translation of the text was published in 1836. He also wrote Beiträge zu der Lehre von den Konstruktionen ("Contributions to knowledge on construction"; 1833–1844). Moller also played an important role for

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420-542: Is significantly shaped by George Balanchine . Through the combination of these influences, William Forsythe has developed a technique of dance characterized by its fragmented nature, which further expounds the subtle differences and interconnectedness of modern, postmodern, and contemporary dance. Reflecting the situation in society at large, contemporary dance is increasingly incorporating overtly technological elements, and, in particular, robots. Robotics engineer/dancer Amy LaViers, for example, has incorporated cell phones in

455-435: Is usually a choreographer who makes the creative decisions and decides whether the piece is an abstract or a narrative one. Dancers are selected based on their skill and training. The choreography is determined based on its relation to the music or sounds that is danced to. The role of music in contemporary dance is different from in other genres because it can serve as a backdrop to the piece. The choreographer has control over

490-467: The 1912 improvements. The theatre was gutted after bombings in 1942. In 1950–51, it was rebuilt to the architectural plans of Richard Jörg with the reopening on 24 November 1951 marked by a ballet performance. In 1977, seating capacity of the auditorium for opera and drama were altered by Dieter Gesterlen to accommodate 801 seats and 887 seats respectively. However, this work was criticized for its acoustical problems, visual effect and seating comfort. In 1989,

525-586: The Grand-Duke of Hessen-Darmstadt to edict the first ordinance of preservation of ancient buildings, the first law concerning the protection of historic buildings in Germany. Moller was also well-known for his writings on architecture. His book Denkmähler der Deutschen Baukunst ("Milestones in German architecture"; 1815–1851) covered buildings from Lorsch (founded 764) to Oppenheim (14th century). The work

560-549: The New Grove Musical Dictionary, contemporary dance evolved from the foundations of modern and postmodern dance, emphasizing innovation and a break from traditional forms. Due to its technical similarities, it is often perceived to be closely related to modern dance, ballet, and other classical concert dance styles. It is characterized by a blend of styles that often integrate elements of ballet, modern dance, and cultural or social dance forms. In terms of

595-650: The Stadttheater Mainz was constructed, there existed the theatre "Komödienhaus". The Stadttheater's great hall ("Großes Haus")) was built in 1829–33 by Georg Moller with seating for 1,500. It was inaugurated on 21 September 1833 with Weber's "Jubelouverture" and Mozart's La clemenza di Tito ". In 1863, Josef Laske repaired the ducal proscenium boxes. In 1876, the auditorium and the foyer were extended by Eduard Kreyßig. In 1898–99, renovations were carried out by Ferdinand Fellner & Hermann Helmer , which involved creation of additional storage space, alterations to

630-649: The aegis of City of Mainz and the state of Rhineland-Palatinate . Annually, about 500 performances of opera, drama and ballet are held here with international audiences also participating. The Hochschule für Musik Mainz of the Johannes Gutenberg Universität and the Peter Cornelius Conservatory are collaborating with the Staatstheater to develop "Kleine Zauberflöte" as an ensemble for the young to perform at

665-535: The completion of Cologne Cathedral . It was he who discovered one half of the original 13.25 feet (4.04 m) facade drawing by cathedral masterbuilder Arnold in an attic near Darmstadt, while the other half was found by Sulpiz Boisserée in Paris in 1816. The uncompleted cathedral was completed in accordance with these designs. Moller died in Darmstadt, aged 68. Contemporary dance Contemporary dance

700-415: The concepts of choreography and dramaturgy. The distinction between composition and improvisation, as well as between finished works and ongoing processes, is collapsed in the style of contemporary dance. This dissolution between previously rigid distinctions parallels broader cultural shifts from what scholar Gabrielle Klein calls the "linguistic turn," which treated dance as a form of text and choreography as

735-749: The costumes and their aesthetic value for the overall composition of the performance and also in regards to how they influence dancers’ movements. Post-structuralist thought has significantly influenced contemporary dance. This influence has led to a deeper exploration of the dancer’s primary medium, the body, which sparked the development and integration of innovative movement techniques. Dance techniques and movement philosophies employed in contemporary dance may include Contemporary ballet , Dance improvisation , Interpretive dance , Lyrical dance , Modern dance styles from United States such as Graham technique , Humphrey-Weidman technique and Horton technique, Modern dance of Europe Bartenieff Fundamentals and

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770-730: The dance technique of Isadora Duncan (also see Free dance ). Contemporary dancers train using contemporary dance techniques as well as non-dance related practices such as Pilates , Yoga , the acting practice of Corporeal mime - Étienne Decroux technique and somatic practices such as Alexander technique , Feldenkrais Method , Sullivan Technique and Franklin-Methode , American contemporary techniques such as José Limón technique and Hawkins technique and Postmodern dance techniques such as Contact improvisation and Cunningham technique, and Release technique . Some well-known choreographers and creators of contemporary dance created schools and techniques of their own. Paul Taylor developed

805-779: The emergence of Tanztheater , German for “dance theater,” pushed contemporary dance beyond traditional performance boundaries. This genre incorporated everyday movements and blurred the distinction between art and daily life. Tanztheater steered contemporary dance away from linear narratives toward fragmented and montage-like choreography, giving rise to a style marked by disjointed "dance pieces" rather than narrative styles. Cunningham's key ideas include- Other pioneers of contemporary dance (the offspring of modern and postmodern) include Ruth St. Denis , Doris Humphrey , Mary Wigman , Pina Bausch , Francois Delsarte , Émile Jaques-Dalcroze , Paul Taylor , Rudolph von Laban , Loie Fuller , José Limón , Marie Rambert , and Trisha Brown . There

840-960: The first Roman Catholic church building in Darmstadt since the Reformation — a building whose forms were inspired by the Pantheon in Rome – the former Landestheater , the Luisenplatz and the Masonic Lodge, what today is the "Moller-Haus". Furthermore, he designed the Staatstheater Mainz , which created a stir because of its semicircular facade, and the Stadtschloss Wiesbaden of the Dukes of Nassau , today

875-520: The focus of its technique, contemporary dance tends to combine the strong but controlled legwork of ballet with modern that stresses on torso. It also employs contract-release, floor work , fall and recovery, and improvisation characteristics of modern dance. Unpredictable changes in rhythm, speed, and direction are often used, as well. In the 1980s, the approach to contemporary dance became more intentional and academically focused, often described as “interdisciplinary” and “collaborative.” This period marked

910-779: The most important German architects working in the Greek Revival and Romanticist styles. His ingenuity as an engineer and when working space is most evident in the Ludwigskirche in Darmstadt. Aside his work as an architect Moller was successful as a preserver of buildings. He was at least partly responsible for preserving the Carolingian Torhalle in Lorsch , which today is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site. Moller in 1818 convinced

945-414: The roof, fixing an iron curtain, and improvements to the heating system. When it reopened on 18 September 1899, Gounod's Faust was premiered. In 1910–1912, substantial improvements were again carried out by Adolf Gelius such as increasing the foyer space, building an additional floor, modernizing the stage and changes to the auditorium. In 1938–39, the auditorium and foyer were redone after demolition of

980-708: The seat of the Landtag of Hesse . From 1843 to 1847 Moller was commissioned by Grand-Duke Ludwig II. to overview the restoration of Schloss Biedenkopf . Only two of Georg Moller's major works survived the second world war without damages: the grand-ducal mausoleum at the Rosenhöhe  [ de ] and the Ludwigsmonument on the Luisenplatz, both of them in Darmstadt. The other buildings Moller designed were damaged beyond repair or were reconstructed in

1015-493: The theatre improved its structural and technological elements with redesigned interiors. It is now a modern venue with state-of-the-art technology. The stage mechanism was renovated in 2003, when the theatre was equipped with modern technology from Bosch Rexroth who installed the complete stage machinery including the control system. Since 1989, the Mainz State Theatre has been reorganized as a Limited Company under

1050-519: The theatre in 1968. The small hall (Kleines Haus) was built in 1997. Remedial work from 1976 to 1977 aimed at restoring Moller's rotunda were undertaken by Dieter Oesterlen . Between 1998 and 2001, extensive renovations were carried out to restore it to its original condition and it now seats 1,000. The resident orchestra is the Philharmonisches Staatsorchester Mainz (Philharmonic State Orchestra Mainz). Before

1085-646: The theatre to gain experience. In 2011, a collaboration of the theatre and the university included "Mathematics and Physics in the World of Sound". The resident contemporary dance company is called tanzmainz. The history of the Philharmonisches Staatsorchester Mainz, the theatre's resident orchestra, can be traced to the Mainz court orchestra in the early 16th century. It became part of the Mainz theatre in 1833. The orchestra presents

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1120-466: The theatre was renamed as "Staatstheater". The Kleines Haus (small hall), with a capacity of 500 seats, was built in 1997 by Klaus Möbius and inaugurated on 17 November 1997. The most recent renovation and refurbishing occurred in 1998–2001. Modifications made were to the auditorium and foyers, with a new restaurant on the roof and changes to the facade. The architect was Shoyerer Möbius and builders were Kauffmann Theilig & Partner. The renovated theatre

1155-461: Was a direct and opposite response to modern dance. Merce Cunningham is considered to be the first choreographer to "develop an independent attitude towards modern dance" and defy the ideas that were established by it. In 1944 Cunningham accompanied his dance with music by John Cage , who observed that Cunningham's dance "no longer relies on linear elements (...) nor does it rely on a movement towards and away from climax. As in abstract painting , it

1190-615: Was introduced to Friedrich Weinbrenner whom he followed to Karlsruhe in 1802, to continue studies at a school for building trades. During the years 1807–1809 Moller took a study trip to Rome where he gained crucial insight from members of the Roman colony of German artists. After finishing this journey he became a construction superintendent in 1810 and was hired as court master builder of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Among his major works in this capacity are St. Ludwig  [ de ] ,

1225-555: Was opened to the public on 15 September 2001 with a presentation of Handel's oratorio Saul . The renovation also involved construction of a glass dome. The orchestra pit 's acoustics were modified under the "Room Acoustic Approach" with transparent, absorbing screen elements such as "the Microperforated Absorber (Perspex) Broadband Compact Absorber, BCA on the absorbing side". The podium was redesigned to accommodate first and second violins . The 2001 renovation of

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