Contaminated land contains substances in or under the land that are definitively or potentially hazardous to health or the environment. These areas often have a long history of industrial production and industrial farming . Many sites may be affected by their former uses such as mining , industry, chemical and oil spills and waste disposal . Areas that were previously industrial areas, called brownfield sites , are higher risk areas.
31-586: 2 Construction Quarries (2022) W. H. Malcolm Ltd (trading as the Malcolm Group ) is a logistics company based in Linwood, Renfrewshire , Scotland. The company provides logistic services ( Malcolm Logistics and Malcolm Rail ) including road and rail transport, warehousing, and terminal management. Other group activities include civil engineering, plant hire, construction (Malcolm Construction), primarily groundwork and vehicle maintenance. The origins of
62-554: A landfill by May 2007. Also of concern whilst being of historical interest is the anecdotal evidence of "Daisy Hill" being a mass cholera grave on the site which would become the Golden Pheasant Hotel, later re-purposed as Mount Royal Homeless unit before being demolished, November 2010, and the Mosswood Care home facility being built. Adjacent to this site, an area known by the older generation as Dent's Corner,
93-470: A number of Soil Guideline Values (SGVs) which, whilst non-binding, may be used as guidance in the environmental risk assessment of land and in setting remediation targets. They should only be applied to human health assessments. Assessment of contaminated land in the UK is predominantly undertaken under the planning system. The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) sets out that, following development,
124-989: A result of the geology of the area, or through agricultural use. Land can be contaminated by the following: A requirement was placed on all local authorities in England , Wales and Scotland to investigate potentially contaminated sites and, where necessary, ensure they are remediated by Part IIA of the Environmental Protection Act 1990 , which was inserted by the Environment Act 1995 The regime in Part IIA did not apply to radioactive contamination , but section 78YC permitted Ministers to make regulations to apply Part IIA to such contamination. Such Regulations have been made. The Waste and Contaminated Land (Northern Ireland) Order 2007 made similar provision for Northern Ireland Section 78A(2) of
155-556: A shopping centre which it then, allegedly, let run into disrepair so as to step in and buy it a few years later. Residents and MSPs in Renfrewshire were horrified to learn that the supermarket giant – already renowned for controversy – used local property developer Balmore Properties to buy Linwood town centre’s precinct in 2001 for £1.7 million. The town has the following educational establishments : Nursery Primary Schools Secondary Schools Special Education Linwood
186-526: A site should not be capable of being determined as ‘contaminated land’ under Part IIA of the Environmental Protection Act . In addition, the risks from contamination should be assessed within the context of a site's end-use and upon completion, the site should be ‘suitable’ for its new use. A technical framework for identifying and dealing with land affected by contamination is detailed within DEFRA and Environment Agency guidance entitled Model Procedures for
217-611: Is about 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 miles (2.5 kilometres) northeast of Johnstone and west of Paisley close to the Black Cart Water and the A737 road. Linwood comes from the Anglo-Saxon worǒ 'enclosure' (not wood) with an uncertain first element. Other source suggests the following; The village name is a hybrid meaning 'wood by the pool' Llyn ( Cumbric ) 'pool'; wudu (Anglo-Saxon) 'wood'. Originally known as 'The Linwood',
248-513: Is another piece of contaminated waste-ground, the former site of Dents & Johstone Ltd who worked with substances such as polonium in the development of illuminated aircraft cockpit instrumentation. In December 2011, Linwood received the annual "Plook on the Plinth" award for "Scotland's most dismal town", part of the Urban Realm magazine's 'Carbuncle Awards'. The magazine suggests that
279-481: Is carried out in house. This article about a company of Scotland is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This transport corporation-related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Linwood, Renfrewshire Linwood ( Scots : Linwuid ) is a town in Renfrewshire in the west central Lowlands of Scotland , 14 miles (23 kilometres) west of Glasgow . It
310-529: Is on the A761 close to its junction with the A737 which links the town to Glasgow Airport and the motorway network to the east, and Garnock Valley and the North Ayrshire coast to the south-west. Local transport is served by McGill's Bus Services who have several services that link the town to the nearby towns of Johnstone, Bridge of Weir , Houston and Paisley, and it also has services which connect
341-579: The Environmental Protection Act 1990 defines "Contaminated Land" as: The Contaminated Land Report (CLR) series of documents have been produced by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) and the Environment Agency , to provide regulators with "relevant, appropriate, authoritative and scientifically based information and advice on the assessment of risk from contamination in soils ". The Environment Agency has issued
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#1732787096079372-693: The Hillman Avenger (later badged as a Chrysler and finally a Talbot ) from 1970 and the Imp's successor, the Sunbeam . After Chrysler UK was bought by Peugeot Talbot , a review of the plant and associated models decided to close the Linwood plant in favour of retaining the Ryton plant near Coventry . Linwood was closed in 1981 with most of the factory demolished soon afterwards. The final remaining part
403-580: The Hillman Imp , a revolutionary small car which went into production when the factory was opened on 2 May 1963, and was not discontinued until 1976. The factory, opened by the Duke of Edinburgh , had the advantage of a direct rail link, which allowed cars to be transported by rail to places all over Britain. The opening and production can be seen in the Rootes Group's 20-minute film. It later produced
434-646: The Erskinefauld and Brediland areas had been used as dumping grounds for chemical waste from the former Brediland Chemical Works. More recent contamination problems are credited to the Middleton Road incinerator (1974–1992) and the nearby landfill on the Moss Road. As the Linwood moss landfill prepared to close by November 2006, the Reilly quarry between Linwood and Bishopton was being prepped to be used as
465-689: The Malcolm family and the Bank of Scotland plc . The Donald Malcolm Heritage Centre was built by Andrew Malcolm in memory of his father, Donald Malcolm. The centre houses a display of fifteen fully operational trucks. The centre is located next to the HQ in Linwood. The group provides warehousing at locations in Scotland, and northern and central England, primary and secondary road distribution, and train services in association with Freightliner , as well as managing
496-628: The Management of Land Contamination (CLR11). The process can broadly be divided into three stages: risk assessment, remedial options appraisal, and implementation of remediation. A 'phased approach' to risk assessment is encouraged within CLR11 and should typically include the following: Should the risk assessment demonstrate that unacceptable risks to human health or the surrounding environment are likely to exist, then some remedial work will be necessary. This process involves three key stages: Once
527-552: The River Clyde at Duntochar, ( linked by a causeway). This close proximity to Linwood has fueled anecdotal evidence that suggests a patrol of Romans were hindered from plundering the rural farms by the wet, boggy land of the Linwood Moss. There is a historical article, quoted below, that has a different version of events but which if either is true. " In an attempt to prevent local tribespeople from cloaking themselves in
558-404: The advert was banned as was seen to be promoting bullying behaviour in 2011, but the level of real life corporate bullying at the regional shopping centre had been ongoing since 2000 and would not be over until the former regional shopping centre had been demolished and Linwood crowned as a Tesco Town. Tesco has come under fire again, this time for using a property company to act as a front to buy
589-424: The award is intended to cause debate and inspire redevelopment. The Linwood Community Development Trust was formed on 7 December 2011. Linwood has undergone a major redevelopment which began in 2008: Linwood owes its existence to the building of cotton and flax mills there at the end of the 18th century. In the following century there were shale coal oil works, ironstone and cotton production businesses in
620-430: The company trace to the 1920s, when Donald Malcolm left school in his early teenage years and started running his family's small coal business. The business grew and in the 1950s entered a partnership with Grampian Holdings; the company expanded into the road building through an equipment hire business, and a shale bing business. In 1960, when the company was acquired by the industrial holding company Grampian Holdings Plc,
651-428: The company's assets included 37 vehicles and seven construction equipment items. Donald Malcolm remained in charge of W H Malcolm after the takeover. Donald Malcolm died in 2003; two of his sons Walter and Andrew took over management of the business. In 2002 Grampian Holdings Plc which was public listed on the stock exchange, was renamed The Malcolm Group Plc. In 2005 the company was taken back into private ownership by
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#1732787096079682-460: The negative overtones of their name, the group along with qualified collaborators and community support, conducted a great deal of technical research which contributed to a variety of positive changes in the town. One of the initial objectives included research into the lack of playground facilities for the local children. This objective was carried on successfully by Linwood Active , another group, who would later attain charitable status and redevelop
713-592: The playground facility at Kintyre Park. Other problems highlighted by Linwood Sucks included highly toxic land in various public areas such as the Erskinefauld Road playground, Cowal Drive playground and in the ongoing building of new housing and a care home facility. The background to this contamination is well documented in what Tom Burke, editor and researcher, had named the Linwood Toxic Timeline. In summary old mine shafts scattered over
744-558: The rail terminals at Grangemouth , Linwood (Elderslie) and Daventry International Rail Freight Terminal . The group's rail division was launched in 2001, which they use for delivery of goods to manufacturers. The company's construction division undertakes civil engineering work including excavation and construction of earthworks, roadwork and groundwork, waste recycling, quarrying, and sports pitch surfacing in association with Newark based subsidiary companies Charles Lawrence Surfaces Ltd and Woodholme Construction . Vehicle maintenance
775-512: The remedial strategy has been approved by relevant regulatory authorities then it should be implemented. A verification report should be produced upon completion of the work to demonstrate that remedial targets have been achieved. This work may include testing of remedial excavations, results of post-remedial monitoring, certification for imported material or membrane integrity testing, amongst other things. Details of ongoing/long-term monitoring may also need to be agreed at this stage, possibly under
806-587: The settlement dates back to the fourteenth century when Linwood consisted of a small collection of farms and dwellings concentrated on the banks of the Black Cart . It was given the collective name The Linwood, with early mails showing it as 'Ye Lynwode'. Roman forts at Barochan Hill and Whitemoss in Bishopton, would have provided support to other forts along the Antonine Wall, on the opposite side of
837-475: The shadows of the trees and launching counterattacks, the Roman forces proceeded to cut down an area which is now known as Linwood Moss and serves as a crucial habitat for wildlife ." On 10 August 2006, a local community action group, Linwood Sucks, initiated what became a six-year campaign to expose various problems with contaminated land in the area and to highlight the decline of the original town centre. Despite
868-444: The town to Braehead and Glasgow. Rail transport can be accessed from the nearby Johnstone railway station , which includes a two level park and ride car park. This route provides services westwards to Ayr , Troon , Stranraer , Irvine , Kilwinning , Largs , Ardrossan and Lochwinnoch and eastwards to Paisley, Hillington , Cardonald and Glasgow Central . Contaminated land Contamination can also occur naturally as
899-426: The very popular Showcase Cinema and a 24hr Asda. The 2001 S1 Jobs TV advert was perhaps the first red flag that Linwood was plummeting into decline. It featured a miserable character, who became known as " Lavvy Heid " and was filmed in the already dilapidated town centre, shopping area, not just any old shopping centre, but in fact one that had been promoted as Scotlands' first regional shopping centre. Ironically,
930-477: The village. There was a bleachfield at Linwood connected to the spinning mill there. A paper mill was also established as can be seen on older maps. The expansion and economy of Linwood from 1961 onwards relied heavily on the Rootes , later Chrysler then Peugeot Talbot car plant, and the associated Pressed Steel Company body parts pressing facility. Construction at the car factory began in 1961 to produce
961-575: Was demolished in 1996. The closure left mass unemployment. The state of the town was immortalised in the song " Letter from America " by The Proclaimers ; the lyrics "Linwood no more" referred to the closure of the car factory. The site of the former Linwood Car Plant has been redeveloped into a successful retail park, known by some as the Linwood Phoenix and as the Paisley Phoenix by others. It includes various fast food outlets and