Misplaced Pages

#465534

20-418: The single-story building has a vernacular design with a central entrance foyer, a hipped roof , a bell tower atop the foyer, and a flagstaff on the site of the roof. When the building was constructed, both the interior and exterior were covered by patterned metal plates. The plates were decorated based on their location; for instance, the plates on the outer walls were designed to resemble ashlar stone, and

40-403: A gutter can be fitted all around. Hip roofs often have dormer slanted sides. Hip roofs can be constructed on a wide variety of plan shapes. Each ridge is central over the rectangle of the building below it. The triangular faces of the roof are called the hip ends, and they are bounded by the hips themselves. The "hips" and hip rafter s sit on an external corner of the building and rise to

60-407: A hipped roof has no gables or other vertical sides to the roof. A square hip roof is shaped like a pyramid . Hip roofs on houses may have two triangular sides and two trapezoidal ones. A hip roof on a rectangular plan has four faces. They are almost always at the same pitch or slope, which makes them symmetrical about the centerlines. Hip roofs often have a consistent level fascia , meaning that

80-686: A square or regular polygonal plan having a pyramidal or almost pyramidal form. Low variants are typically found topping gazebos and other pavilion structures . Steep tower or church tower variants are known as pyramid roofs. A pointed roof seen on a spire or a tower, oriented so that it has four gable ends. See the Church of St Mary the Blessed Virgin, Sompting in England, or Speyer Cathedral and Limburg Cathedral in Germany. A tented roof

100-460: A stalling effect, but the roof is actually held down on the wall plate by the wind pressure. A disadvantage of a hip roof, compared with a gable roof on the same plan, is that there is less room inside the roof space; access is more difficult for maintenance; hip roofs are harder to ventilate; and there is not a gable with a window for natural light. Elegant, organic additions are relatively difficult to make on houses with hip roofs. A mansard roof

120-430: A wide array of structures. A hip roof is self-bracing, requiring less diagonal bracing than a gable roof . Hip roofs are thus much more resistant to wind damage than gable roofs. Hip roofs have no large, flat, or slab-sided ends to catch wind and are inherently much more stable than gable roofs. However, for a hurricane region, the roof also has to be steep-sloped; at least 35 degrees from horizontal or steeper in slope

140-486: Is a type of polygonal hipped roof with steeply pitched slopes rising to a peak or intersection. Eaves The eaves are the edges of the roof which overhang the face of a wall and, normally, project beyond the side of a building. The eaves form an overhang to throw water clear of the walls and may be highly decorated as part of an architectural style , such as the Chinese dougong bracket systems. According to

160-444: Is a variation on a hip roof, with two different roof angles, the lower one much steeper than the upper. Another variation is the gablet (UK terminology) or Dutch gable roof (U.S. and Australasian terminology), which has a hip with a small gable (the gablet) above it. This type simplifies the construction of the roof; no girder trusses are required, but it still has level walls and consistent eaves . The East Asian hip-and-gable roof

180-410: Is considered a contributing feature to the school's historic nature. Manhattan's population dropped as its gold industry faded in the 1940s, and by 1955 the school closed, as it only had three students. Due to an increase in gold prices in the 1970s, though, Manhattan began to grow again. The school reopened as a library in the following decade. The Smoky Valley Library District acquired the library from

200-493: Is not necessarily a real functional need; likewise the Italian-style eaves. The eaves may terminate in a fascia , a board running the length of the eaves under the tiles or roof sheets to cap off and protect the exposed rafter ends and to provide grounds on which to fix gutters. At the gables the eaves may extend beyond the gable end wall by projecting the purlins and are usually capped off by bargeboards to protect

220-485: Is preferred. When wind flows over a shallow sloped hip roof, the roof can behave like an airplane wing. Lift is then created on the leeward side. The flatter the roof, the more likely for this to happen. A steeper pitched hip roof tends to cause the wind to stall as it goes over the roof, breaking up the effect. If the roof slopes are less than 35 degrees from horizontal, the roof is subject to uplift. Greater than 35 degrees, and not only does wind blowing over it encounter

SECTION 10

#1732772891466

240-425: Is similar in concept to the gablet roof. A half-hip, clipped-gable or jerkin head roof has a gable, but the upper point of the gable is replaced by a small hip, squaring off the top of the gable. The lower edge of the half-hip may have a gutter that leads back on to the remainder of the roof on one or both sides. Both the gablet roof and the half-hipped roof are intermediate between the gabled and fully hipped types:

260-625: The Oxford English Dictionary , eaves is derived from the Old English efes (singular), meaning "edge", and consequently forms both the singular and plural of the word. This Old English word is itself of Germanic origin, related to the German dialect Obsen , and also probably to over . The Merriam-Webster dictionary lists the word as eave but notes that it is "usually used in plural". The primary function of

280-472: The county in 2002 and subsequently renovated it to include a museum and community center. The school was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 30, 2004. Hipped roof A hip roof , hip-roof or hipped roof , is a type of roof where all sides slope downward to the walls, usually with a fairly gentle slope, with variants including tented roofs and others. Thus,

300-402: The eaves is to keep rain water off the walls and to prevent the ingress of water at the junction where the roof meets the wall. The eaves may also protect a pathway around the building from the rain, prevent erosion of the footings, and reduce splatter on the wall from rain as it hits the ground. The secondary function is to control solar penetration as a form of passive solar building design ;

320-602: The eaves overhang can be designed to adjust the building's solar gain to suit the local climate, the latitude, and orientation of the building. The eaves overhang may also shelter openings to ventilate the roof space. Aesthetic, traditional, or purely decorative considerations may prevail over the strictly functional requirements of the eaves. The Arts and Crafts Movement influenced the American Craftsman tradition, which has very wide eaves with decorative brackets technically called modillions , for which there

340-621: The gablet roof has a gable above a hip, while a half-hipped roof has a hip above a gable. Half-hipped roofs are common in England , Denmark , Germany and especially in Austria and Slovenia . They are also typical of traditional timber-frame buildings in the Wealden area of South East England. Half-hip roofs are sometimes referred to as "Dutch hip", but this term is easily confused with "Dutch gable". A roof with equally hipped pitches on

360-504: The plates on the roof resembled shingles. While most of the exterior plates have since been covered, the interior plates and the plates on the foyer's gable are still in place. The Works Progress Administration added an outhouse added outside of the school in the 1930s. While the WPA built 1,100 outhouses in Nevada, the outhouse is one of only three they built in southern Nevada. The outhouse

380-562: The ridge. Where the building has an internal corner, a valley makes the join between the sloping surfaces (and is underlain by a valley rafter ). Hip roofs have the advantage of giving a compact, solid appearance to a structure. The roof pitch (slope) may vary. In modern domestic architecture, hip roofs are commonly seen in bungalows and cottages , and have been integral to styles such as the American Foursquare . However, they have been used in many styles of architecture and in

400-444: The wall and the purlin ends. The overhang at the gable is referred to as a gable overhang, as opposed to eave overhang, or they both may be referred to as overhang. The underside of the eaves may be filled with a horizontal soffit fixed at right angles to the wall, the soffit may be decorative but it also has the function of sealing the gap between the rafters from vermin and weather. Eaves must be designed for local wind speeds as

#465534