70-772: The March Hare (called Haigha in Through the Looking-Glass ) is a character most famous for appearing in the tea party scene in Lewis Carroll 's 1865 book Alice's Adventures in Wonderland . The main character, Alice , hypothesizes, " Mad as a March hare " is a common British English phrase, both now and in Carroll's time, and appears in John Heywood 's collection of proverbs published in 1546. It
140-429: A plot device ; and draws on the imagery of playing cards. The second book, however, opens indoors on a snowy, wintry night exactly six months later, on 4 November (the day before Guy Fawkes Night ); uses frequent changes in time and spatial directions as a plot device; and draws on the imagery of chess . While the first Alice novel took playing cards as a theme, Through the Looking-Glass instead used chess; most of
210-524: A Cheshire cat." There are numerous theories about the origin of the phrase "grinning like a Cheshire Cat" in English history. A possible origin of the phrase is one favoured by the people of Cheshire , a county in England which boasts numerous dairy farms; hence the cats grin because of the abundance of milk and cream. In 1853, Samuel Maunder offered this explanation: This phrase owes its origin to
280-608: A carving in a church in the village of Croft-on-Tees , in the north east of England, where his father had been rector . Carroll is believed to have visited St Christopher's church in Pott Shrigley , Cheshire, which has a stone sculpture resembling the pictorial cat in the book. The Cheshire Cat character has been re-depicted by other creators and used as the inspiration for new characters, primarily in screen media (film, television, video games) and print media (literature, comics, art). Other non-media contexts that embrace
350-630: A cat . A later Marker film, Chats perchés (2004) (The Case of the Grinning Cat in English) , examined the context of M. Chat street art in France . The Cheshire Cat appears in the first episode of the television series Once Upon a Time in Wonderland (a spin-off of Once Upon a Time ) voiced by Keith David . While looking for the Mad Hatter's house from the trees, Alice encounters
420-517: A debate between the executioner and the King and Queen of Hearts about whether a disembodied head can indeed be beheaded . At one point, the cat disappears gradually until nothing is left but its grin, prompting Alice to remark that "she has often seen a cat without a grin but never a grin without a cat". The scholar David Day has proposed Lewis Carroll's cat was Edward Bouverie Pusey , Oxford professor of Hebrew and Carroll's mentor. The name Pusey
490-517: A final time as " Haigha " (which is pronounced to rhyme with "mayor", according to Carroll, and a homophone of "hare" in a non-rhotic accent ), the personal messenger to the White King in Through the Looking-Glass (Alice either does not recognize him as the March Hare of her earlier dream, or chooses not to comment about this). Disney's Alice in Wonderland , an animated film, depicted
560-443: A forest where a gnat teaches her about the looking glass insects, creatures part bug part object (e.g., bread and butterfly, rocking horse fly), before flying away. Continuing her journey, Alice crosses the "wood where things have no names". There she forgets all nouns, including her own name. With the help of a fawn who has also forgotten his identity, she makes it to the other side, where they both remember everything. Realizing that he
630-532: A hardback book. The rediscovered section describes Alice's encounter with a wasp wearing a yellow wig, and includes a full previously unpublished poem. If included in the book, it would have followed, or been included at the end of, Chapter 8—the chapter featuring the encounter with the White Knight. The discovery is generally accepted as genuine, but the proofs have yet to receive any physical examination to establish age and authenticity. The missing episode
700-619: A lot of his lines came from improvisation. The March Hare appears in the "Mad T Party" in Disney's California Adventure park. He is based on the 2010 film's interpretation, and plays bass guitar. He is often found hopping around with Mallymkun the Dormouse on stage. Through the Looking-Glass Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There (also known as Alice Through the Looking-Glass or simply Through
770-450: A pure or an ideal mate is that the Red (Black) King is unable to move to e3 for two reasons: the knight's attack, and the (sustained) attack of the newly promoted, mating queen. Although pure and ideal mates are "incidental" in real games, they are objects of aesthetic interest to composers of chess problems. The White Queen offers to hire Alice as her lady's maid and to pay her "twopence
SECTION 10
#1732768291320840-456: A reflection, everything is reversed, including logic (for example, running helps one remain stationary, walking away from something brings one towards it, chessmen are alive, nursery rhyme characters exist, and so on). Through the Looking-Glass includes such verses as " Jabberwocky " and " The Walrus and the Carpenter ", and the episode involving Tweedledum and Tweedledee . The mirror above
910-602: A series set several generations after the Disney film, the Cheshire Cat, voiced by Max Mittelman , is depicted as an immortal, being the only character besides the Doorknob not to be represented through a descendant. Each major film adaptation of Lewis Carroll's tale represents the Cheshire Cat character and his traits uniquely. In addition to the Cheshire Cat's appearances in films central to its Lewis Carroll origins,
980-711: A tail and cat ears, and is one of the many love interests for Alice in Wonderland. American rock band Blink-182 ’s debut studio album , Cheshire Cat , released on 17 February 1995, takes its name from the Cheshire cat. In the third volume of Captain Marvel comic series, Shazam! and the Seven Magic Lands , the Cheshire Cat is shown to live in the Magiclands location called the Wozenderlands. When
1050-511: A three-dimensional image. The Cheshire Cat effect occurs when one eye is fixated on a stationary object, while the other notices something moving. Since one eye is seeing a moving object, the brain will focus on it, causing parts of the stationary object to fade away from vision entirely. ... [T]aken from Lewis Carroll, we liken this theory to the strategy used by the Cheshire Cat in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland of making its body invisible to make
1120-492: A way home even more. In the 1999 television adaptation of Carroll's books, the Cheshire Cat is portrayed by Whoopi Goldberg . She acts as an ally and friend to Alice. The Cheshire Cat appears in Walt Disney's 2010 Alice in Wonderland , directed by Tim Burton . British actor Stephen Fry voices the character. In the film, Cheshire (as he is often called; or sometimes "Ches") binds the wound Alice suffered earlier by
1190-517: A week, and jam every other day". Alice says that she does not want any jam today, to which the Queen replies, "you couldn't have it if you did want it. The rule is, jam tomorrow and jam yesterday—but never jam to-day ." This is a reference to the rule in Latin that the word iam or jam— which means now , in the sense of already or at that time —cannot be used to describe now in the present, which
1260-503: A white kitten (whom she calls "Snowdrop") and a black kitten (whom she calls "Kitty") while pondering what the world is like on the other side of a mirror's reflection. Climbing up onto a mantelpiece , she pokes at the wall-hung mirror behind a fireplace and discovers, to her surprise, that she can step through it. She finds herself in a reflected version of her own house and notices a book with looking-glass poetry, " Jabberwocky ", whose reversed printing she can read only by holding it up to
1330-475: Is nunc in Latin. Therefore, " jam " is never available today. This exchange is also a demonstration of the logical fallacy of equivocation . Most poems and songs in the book do not include a title. Lewis Carroll decided to suppress a scene involving what was described as "a wasp in a wig" (possibly a play on the commonplace expression "bee in the bonnet"). A biography of Carroll, written by Carroll's nephew, Stuart Dodgson Collingwood, suggests that one of
1400-608: Is a fictional cat popularised by Lewis Carroll in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and known for its distinctive mischievous grin. While now most often used in Alice -related contexts, the association of a "Cheshire cat" with grinning predates the 1865 book. It has transcended the context of literature and become enmeshed in popular culture, appearing in various forms of media, from political cartoons to television, as well as in cross-disciplinary studies, from business to science. Often it
1470-530: Is a fawn, she is a human, and that fawns are afraid of humans, it runs off. She then meets the twin brothers Tweedledum and Tweedledee , whom she knows from the nursery rhyme . After reciting a poem , they draw Alice's attention to the Red King —sleeping under a nearby tree—and provoke her with idle philosophical banter that she is but an imaginary figure in his dreams. The brothers begin suiting up for battle, only to be frightened away by an enormous crow, as
SECTION 20
#17327682913201540-441: Is an amalgam of both the March Hare and the cook from Lewis Carroll's original book. The March Hare has a strong Scottish accent in this movie, while his friend the Mad Hatter (played by Johnny Depp ) switches into a Scottish accent as well whenever his emotions are strained. He is first seen in the " Tea Party " scene, which takes place at his "Hare House" windmill . Thackery hosts a tea party, which he shares with Tarrant Hightopp
1610-507: Is automatically crowned a queen, with the crown materialising abruptly on her head. She soon finds herself in the company of both the White and Red Queens, who confound Alice by using word play to thwart her attempts at logical discussion. They then invite one another to a party that will be hosted by Alice—of which Alice herself had no prior knowledge. Alice arrives and seats herself at her own party, which quickly turns into chaos. Alice grabs
1680-418: Is commonly known by the name of The Cat at Charlton . The sign of the house was originally a lion or tiger, or some such animal, the crest of the family of Sir Edward Poore. According to Brewer's Dictionary (1870), "The phrase has never been satisfactorily accounted for, but it has been said that cheese was formerly sold in Cheshire moulded like a cat that looked as though it was grinning". The cheese
1750-502: Is depicted as an intelligent and mischievous character that sometimes helps Alice and sometimes gets her into trouble. He frequently sings the first verse of the Jabberwocky poem. The animated character was voiced by Sterling Holloway . In the 1985 television adaptation of Carroll's books, the Cheshire Cat is portrayed by Telly Savalas . He sings a morose song called "There's No Way Home", which simply drives Alice to try and find
1820-695: Is observed, the British Shorthair is duly embarrassed, quickly recovering with a 'Cheshire cat smile'”. In 1992, members of the Lewis Carroll Society attributed it to a gargoyle found on a pillar in St Nicolas's Church, Cranleigh , where Carroll used to travel frequently when he lived in Guildford (though this is doubtful, as he moved to Guildford some three years after Alice's Adventures in Wonderland had been published) and
1890-614: Is reported in The Annotated Alice by Martin Gardner that this proverb is based on popular belief about hares ' behaviour at the beginning of the long breeding season, which lasts from February to September in Britain. Early in the season, unreceptive females often use their forelegs to repel overenthusiastic males. It used to be incorrectly believed that these bouts were between males fighting for breeding supremacy. Like
1960-538: Is shown in the context of a person or idea that is purposefully confusing or enigmatic. One distinguishing feature of the Alice -style Cheshire Cat is the periodic gradual disappearance of its body, leaving only one last visible trace: its iconic grin. He belongs to the Duchess . The first known appearance of the expression in literature is in the 18th century, in Francis Grose 's A Classical Dictionary of
2030-412: Is usually depicted in mid-air, at shoulder-height to human-sized characters. In the video game adaptation of the movie, "Ches" is a playable character who can not only turn himself invisible, but other objects around him as well. In October 2019, it was reported that an undetermined Cheshire Cat project is being developed by Disney for its streaming service, Disney+ . In Alice's Wonderland Bakery ,
2100-597: The Bandersnatch and guides her to Tarrant Hightopp, the Mad Hatter and Thackery Earwicket, the March Hare . He is blamed by the Hatter for desertion when the White Queen is deposed by the Red; but later impersonates the Hatter when the latter is sentenced to decapitation. Throughout his appearances, "Ches" is able to make himself intangible or weightless, as well as invisible (and thus to survive decapitation), and
2170-512: The Cheshire History journal examined these suggested origins, along with numerous others seen on the internet. The author, Peter Young, considered most to be "inventive" but unlikely. In his analysis, the essential feature of any actual historical explanation would be one that demonstrated its innate connection to Cheshire: An idiom that retained the localism while spreading nationwide, would, in his view, need to be strongly connected to
March Hare - Misplaced Pages Continue
2240-406: The 2013 game Kingdom Hearts χ . The March Hare appears in the 2010 Disney film Alice in Wonderland , voiced by Paul Whitehouse . His full name is Thackery Earwicket ; this, however, is not mentioned in the film. In the movie, the March Hare behaves as if constantly nerve-wracked and completely delirious. He is a cook in the film, and the way he eccentrically throws dishes and pots suggests he
2310-582: The Cheshire Cat at the Duchess 's house in her kitchen, and later on the branches of a tree, where it appears and disappears at will, and engages Alice in amusing but sometimes perplexing conversation. The cat sometimes raises philosophical points that annoy or baffle Alice ; but appears to cheer her when it appears suddenly at the Queen of Hearts ' croquet field; and when sentenced to death, baffles everyone by having made its head appear without its body, sparking
2380-405: The Cheshire Cat cropped up with increasing frequency in the 1960s and 1970s, along with more frequent references to Carroll's works in general. ( See generally the lyrics to White Rabbit by the rock group Jefferson Airplane ). The Cheshire Cat appeared on LSD blotters, as well as in song lyrics and popular fiction. In Disney's 1951 animated film, Alice in Wonderland , the Cheshire Cat
2450-466: The Cheshire Cat has been featured in other cinematic works. The late filmmaker Chris Marker gave his monumental documentary on the New Left movement of 1967–1977, Le fond de l'air est rouge (1977), the English title Grin without a Cat . Like the original, it signifies that revolution was in the air, but failed to take root. In the film, it is also stated: a spearhead without a spear, a grin without
2520-562: The Cheshire Cat in giant form where the Red Queen had promised him that Alice would be good food for him. They end up engaging each other in combat until the Knave of Hearts arrives and throws a piece of one mushroom side into his mouth, which shrinks the Cat back to normal size, and he leaves. The Cheshire Cat appears as an avatar character in the video games American McGee's Alice (2000); and
2590-497: The Cheshire Cat include music, business, and science. Prior to 1951 when Walt Disney released an animated adaptation of the story (see below), there were few post-Alice allusions to the character. Martin Gardner , author of The Annotated Alice , wondered if T. S. Eliot had the Cheshire Cat in mind when writing Morning at the Window , but notes no other significant allusions in the pre-war period. Images of and references to
2660-433: The Looking-Glass ) is a novel published on 27 December 1871 (although it is indicated that the novel was published in 1872 ) by Lewis Carroll , a mathematics lecturer at Christ Church , University of Oxford , and the sequel to Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865). Alice again enters a fantastical world, this time by climbing through a mirror into the world that she can see beyond it. There she finds that, just like
2730-524: The Mad Hatter, Mallymkun the Dormouse, and Chess the Cheshire Cat . He appears a second time in the White Queen's kitchen, frantically cooking and throwing dishes. His third appearance is at the Frabjous Day scene, in which he stands with the other characters wielding a ladle as his weapon, nervous and somewhat ready to go to battle. Burton stated that because Whitehouse is a great comedic actor,
2800-417: The March Hare at the tea party as being deliriously confused. He repeatedly offers Alice a cup of tea, but distractedly yanks the cup out of her reach or takes it from her hands just as she is about to drink. He was voiced by Jerry Colonna , after whom his appearance and personality were modelled. He was animated by Ward Kimball . This version of the character was also a semi-regular on Bonkers and one of
2870-547: The Red Queen, believing her to be responsible for all the day's nonsense, and begins shaking her. Alice awakes in her armchair to find herself holding Kitty, whom she deduces to have been the Red Queen all along, with Snowdrop having been the White Queen. Alice then recalls the speculation of the Tweedle brothers, that everything may have been a dream of the Red King, and that Alice might be a figment of his imagination. One of
March Hare - Misplaced Pages Continue
2940-623: The Scarecrow and the Munchkins were taking Billy Batson , Mary Bromfield , and C.C. Batson to Dorothy Gale, the Cheshire Cat appeared near the Blue Brick Road. He went on the attack only to be fought off by Shazam and Lady Shazam. Cheshire Cat is used as a metaphor to describe several scientific phenomena: Each eye sees two different views of the world, sends those images to the visual cortex where they are combined, and creates
3010-713: The Vulgar Tongue , Second, Corrected and Enlarged Edition (1788), which contains the following entry: Cheshire cat . He grins like a Cheshire cat ; said of any one who shows his teeth and gums in laughing. The phrase appears again in print in John Wolcot 's pseudonymous Peter Pindar 's Pair of Lyric Epistles (1792): "Lo, like a Cheshire cat our court will grin." The phrase also appears in print in William Makepeace Thackeray 's novel The Newcomes (1855): "That woman grins like
3080-563: The character's friend, the Hatter , the March Hare feels compelled to always behave as though it is tea-time because the Hatter supposedly "murdered the time" whilst singing for the Queen of Hearts . Sir John Tenniel 's illustration also shows him with straw on his head, a common way to depict madness in Victorian times. The March Hare later appears at the trial for the Knave of Hearts , and for
3150-428: The composition's moves in algebraic notation : 1... Qh5 2. d4 3. Qc4 4. Qc5 5. d5 6. Qf8 7. d6 8. Qc8 9. d7 Ne7+ 10. Nxe7 11. Nf5 12. d8=Q Qe8+ 13. Qa6 14. Qxe8#. In the latter piece, Downey treated the 21 items in the composition sequentially, identifying the above 16 coherent chess moves, and another five items as "non-moves" or pure story descriptors, per Carroll's qualification. The mating position nearly satisfies
3220-428: The conditions of a pure mate , a special type of checkmate where the mated king is prevented from moving to any of the adjacent squares in its field by exactly one enemy attack, among other conditions. The position is also nearly an ideal mate , a stronger form of pure mate in which every piece on the board of either colour contributes to the checkmate. The one feature of the position which prevents it from being either
3290-502: The county, in the minds of people elsewhere. For this reason, he favours the well-fed farm cats of Cheshire's dairying environment—a widely-known and well-promoted idea at the time the phrase arose—as the best candidate for the origin of the Cheshire Cat idiom. The Cheshire Cat is now largely identified with the character of the same name in Lewis Carroll's 1865 novel Alice's Adventures in Wonderland . Alice first encounters
3360-529: The entire countryside is laid out in squares, like a gigantic chessboard, and offers to make Alice a queen if she can move all the way to the eighth rank in a chess match. Alice is placed in the second rank as one of the White Queen's pawns , and begins her journey across the chessboard by boarding a train that jumps over the third row and directly into the fourth rank, thus acting on the rule that pawns can advance two spaces on their first move. She arrives in
3430-465: The fireplace that is displayed at Hetton Lawn in Charlton Kings , Gloucestershire (a house that was owned by Alice Liddell 's grandparents, and was often visited by Alice and Lewis Carroll) resembles the one drawn by John Tenniel , and is cited as a possible inspiration for Carroll. The novel prompted a new-found appreciation for its predecessor when it was published. Alice is playing with
3500-625: The game, Cheshire Cat gets beheaded by the Queen Of Hearts , but is still alive and his body is able to move on its own. Due to the White Rabbit's deranged state, Cheshire Cat fulfills his role of absorbing Ariko's negative emotions , though the task puts a large strain on him. The Cheshire Cat appears in Heart no Kuni no Alice , a dating sim game and its related media, as a young man named "Boris Airay", with cat-like attributes such as
3570-597: The guests in House of Mouse , often seen seated with the Mad Hatter. During these appearances, the March Hare was voiced by Jesse Corti and Maurice LaMarche . In the Kingdom Hearts video game series, March Hare makes a cameo appearance in a painting in the Tea Party Garden in the 2002 video game Kingdom Hearts and its 2009 sequel Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days . He later made a physical appearance in
SECTION 50
#17327682913203640-531: The guide to Ariko (the "Alice" of the game) and helps her chase after The White Rabbit . In the game, Cheshire Cat is portrayed with a humanoid body and wears a long grey cloak with a red-string bell around his neck, leaving only his nose, razor-sharp teeth, and wide grin visible. In Wonderland, Cheshire Cat is the "Guide", an important role that makes him feared by the other residents, and is compelled by Ariko's inner will to help her unlock her suppressed, traumatic memories and overcome her suicidal depression. Later in
3710-414: The key motifs of Through the Looking-Glass is that of mirrors, including the use of opposites, time running backwards, and so on, not to mention the title of the book itself. In fact, the themes and settings of the book make it somewhat of a mirror image of its predecessor, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865). The first book begins in the warm outdoors, on 4 May; uses frequent changes in size as
3780-506: The king's horses and all the king's men come to Humpty Dumpty's assistance, and are accompanied by the White King , along with the Lion and the Unicorn , who proceed to act out a nursery rhyme by fighting with each other. The March Hare and Hatter appear in the guise of " Anglo-Saxon messengers" called "Haigha" and "Hatta". Upon leaving the Lion and Unicorn to their fight, Alice reaches
3850-400: The main characters are represented by chess pieces, with Alice being a pawn . The looking-glass world consists of square fields divided by brooks or streams, and the crossing of each brook typically signifies a change in scene, with Alice advancing one square. At the book's beginning, Carroll provided and explained a chess composition with descriptive notation , corresponding to the events of
3920-489: The mirror. She also observes that the chess pieces have come to life, though they remain small enough for her to pick up. Upon leaving the house (where it had been a cold, snowy night), she enters a sunny spring garden where the flowers can speak. Elsewhere in the garden, Alice meets the Red Queen , who is now human-sized, and who impresses Alice with her ability to run at breathtaking speeds . The Red Queen reveals that
3990-407: The nursery rhyme about them predicts. Alice next meets the White Queen , who is absent-minded but can remember future events before they have happened. Alice and the White Queen advance into the chessboard's fifth rank by crossing over a brook together, but at the very moment of the crossing, the Queen transforms into a talking Sheep in a small shop . Alice soon finds herself struggling to handle
4060-461: The oars of a small rowboat, where the Sheep annoys her with shouting about " crabs " and " feathers ". After crossing another brook into the sixth rank, Alice encounters Humpty Dumpty , who, besides celebrating his unbirthday , provides his own translation of the strange terms in "Jabberwocky". In the process, he introduces Alice to the concept of portmanteau words, before his inevitable fall. All
4130-432: The reasons for this suppression was a suggestion from his illustrator, John Tenniel , who wrote in a letter to Carroll dated 1 June 1870: I am bound to say that the 'wasp' chapter doesn't interest me in the least, and I can't see my way to a picture. If you want to shorten the book, I can't help thinking—with all submission—that there is your opportunity. For many years, no one had any idea what this missing section
4200-728: The sequel Alice: Madness Returns (2011), the Cheshire Cat is portrayed as an enigmatic and snarky, yet wise guide for Alice in the corrupted Wonderland. In keeping with the twisted tone of the game, the Cheshire Cat is mangy and emaciated in appearance. His voice was provided by Roger L. Jackson , who also voiced the Mad Hatter and The Jabberwock in the game. The Cheshire Cat appears in Sunsoft 's 2006 mobile game Alice's Warped Wonderland ( 歪みの国のアリス , Yugami no kuni no Arisu , Alice in Distortion World ) , serving as
4270-584: The seventh rank by crossing another brook into the forested territory of the Red Knight, who wants to capture the "white pawn"—Alice—until the White Knight comes to her rescue. Escorting her through the forest towards the final brook-crossing, the Knight recites a poem of his own composition and repeatedly falls off his horse. Bidding farewell to the White Knight, Alice steps across the last brook, and
SECTION 60
#17327682913204340-579: The shape of the cat's grin. Riddle : What kind of a cat can grin? Answer : A Catenary. There is a suggestion that Carroll found inspiration for the name and expression of the Cheshire Cat in the 16th century sandstone carving of a grinning cat, on the west face of St Wilfrid's Church tower in Grappenhall , a village 4.9 mi (7.9 km) from his birthplace in Daresbury , Cheshire. Lewis Carroll's father, Reverend Charles Dodgson ,
4410-415: The story. Although the piece movements follow the rules of chess , other basic rules are ignored: one player (White) makes several consecutive moves while the (Red/Black) opponent's moves are skipped, and a late check (12... Qe8+) is left undealt with. Carroll also explained that certain items listed in the composition do not have corresponding piece moves but simply refer to the story, e.g. the "castling of
4480-413: The three Queens, which is merely a way of saying that they entered the palace". Despite these liberties, the final position is an authentic checkmate . The most extensive treatment of the chess motif in Carroll's novel was made by Glen Downey in his master's thesis, later expanded and incorporated into his dissertation on the use of chess as a device in Victorian fiction. In the former piece, Downey gave
4550-401: The unhappy attempts of a sign painter of that country to represent a lion rampant, which was the crest of an influential family, on the sign-boards of many of the inns. The resemblance of these lions to cats caused them to be generally called by the more ignoble name. A similar case is to be found in the village of Charlton, between Pewsey and Devizes, Wiltshire. A public-house by the roadside
4620-659: Was Rector of Croft and Archdeacon of Richmond in North Yorkshire, England, from 1843 to 1868; Carroll lived here from 1843 to 1850. Some historians believe Lewis Carroll's Cheshire Cat in Alice in Wonderland was inspired by a carving in Croft church . Another possible inspiration was the British Shorthair : Carroll saw a representative British Shorthair illustrated on a label of Cheshire cheese. The Cat Fanciers' Association profile reads: “When gracelessness
4690-422: Was cut from the tail end, so that the last part eaten was the head of the smiling cat. A later edition of Brewer's adds another possible explanation, similar to Maunder's, that a painter in Cheshire once used to paint grinning lions on inns. The dictionary does not expand further on this, its editors possibly considering the connection between cats and lions self-explanatory or obvious. A 2015 article published in
4760-529: Was included in the 1998 TV film adaptation Alice through the Looking Glass , with the character being portrayed by Ian Richardson . It was also included in the 2010 graphic novel "The Complete Alice in Wonderland". The book has been adapted several times, both in combination with Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and as a stand-alone feature. Cheshire Cat The Cheshire Cat ( / ˈ tʃ ɛ ʃ ər , - ɪər / CHESH -ər, -eer )
4830-588: Was or whether it had survived. In 1974, a document purporting to be the galley proofs of the missing section was auctioned at Sotheby's ; the catalogue description, in part, read, "the proofs were bought at the sale of the author's…personal effects…Oxford, 1898". The document would be won by John Fleming, a Manhattan book dealer, for a bid of about US$ 832 (equivalent to $ 5,140 in 2023). The contents were subsequently published in Martin Gardner 's More Annotated Alice (1990), and are also available as
4900-563: Was suggested by Alice's deferential address of the cat as "Cheshire Puss". Pusey was an authority on the fathers of the Christian Church , and in Carroll's time Pusey was known as the Patristic Catenary (or chain), after the chain of authority of Church patriarchs. As a mathematician, Carroll would have been well familiar with the other meaning of catenary : the curve of a horizontally-suspended chain, which suggests
#319680