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64-486: Margam Stones Museum is a small Victorian schoolhouse near Port Talbot , South Wales, which now provides a home for one of the most important collections of Celtic stone crosses in Britain. All originally found within the locality of Margam , and mostly assembled as a collection in the 19th century, they provide enduring testimony to a Welsh Christian culture between the 6th and 16th centuries. The striking Cross of Conbelin

128-415: A boy playing in what appears to be snowfall, but the other side shows the snowfall is ash falling from a bin fire. In May 2019, the mural was moved to a gallery in the town's Ty'r Orsaf building. In April 2011, actor Michael Sheen led a 72-hour National Theatre Wales production of a modern retelling of The Passion . The play began at 5:30 am on Good Friday with a seafront scene, inspired by John

192-603: A campus at Baglan Energy Park called the Hydrogen Centre , which includes a Renewable Hydrogen Research and Development Centre. The South Wales Miners' Museum is located in Cynonville, Cymmer . The nearby Margam Stones Museum has early Christian inscribed stones and Celtic crosses, including four from the area now under the Steelworks. A Roman milestone, an 8th-century pillar, and two Celtic crosses from

256-740: A central boss. The shaft includes carved figures flanking the cross, taken to be St John holding his gospel , and the virgin Mary . This is set into a massive stone pedestal block with intricate geometrical patterns and a hunting scene which would originally have formed the front, but was at some point reversed, so is now at the back of the pedestal. Both parts are made from Pennant sandstone and it has been known traditionally as 'The Sanctuary Stone'. The sides of this cross have been trimmed back, probably to use for building material. The cross and stem have decorative interlace panels. This cross head has suffered considerable damage, such that less than half of

320-717: A clear distinction between the early Christian stones and the Cistercian and later memorials. Most of the grave slabs give simple initials, but three that have names are to Robert, Abbot of Rievaulx (No. 21, 1307); Henry, the 9th Abbot (No. 23, 14th century) and a partial inscription in Welsh '...EV GORWEDD GORPH ELI[ZABETH] .. HON V GLADDWYD ...' ( [here] lies the body of Elizabeth ... who was buried...', (No. 25, c. 1600). Port Talbot Port Talbot ( / ˌ p ɔːr t ˈ t ɔː l b ə t / , UK also / p ɔːr -, p ə -, - ˈ t æ l b ə t , - ˈ t ɒ l b ə t / )

384-533: A distinct local group of early Christian carvings and inscribed text, and are described as one of the most important such collections in Britain. Ten of these stones originate from Margam and its outlying settlements. Four others came from the area that became the Port Talbot steelworks , and three are from the hills and farms of the wider area. The stones in the museum are part of a much larger group of carved and inscribed stones found across Glamorgan dating to

448-445: A fall of one place in a decade. As of 2021 Neath Port Talbot was the 11th least densely populated of Wales' 22 local authority areas. There had been an increase of 15.5 percent in people aged 65 years and over, a decrease of 2.3 percent in people aged 15 to 64 years, and an increase of 2.5 percent in children aged under 15 years. Of Port Talbot's population in 2000, 63 percent were between the ages of 15 and 64. Male unemployment in 2000

512-472: A footbridge. It was first noted in 1693, was moved to the Margam Abbey Chapter house ruins during the 19th century, and moved again into the museum building in 1932. It stands 1.93 metres (6.3 ft) above ground, 0.93 metres (3.1 ft) wide and 0.25 metres (0.82 ft) thick, made from locally occurring Pennant sandstone . A stone slab showing a six-spoked 'cart-wheel' on the front and

576-518: A former Church schoolhouse close to Margam Abbey Church. Other stones from the Abbey and the local area were added to the collection, which is now in the care of Cadw . Of the 30 or so ancient carved stones in the museum, 17 are pre-Norman, and are displayed on the ground floor. The remainder are Margam Abbey memorials, housed in the upper gallery, and are mainly tomb slabs. They include Cistercian and post-reformation memorials. The pre-Norman stones form

640-428: A linear 'ring cross' on the reverse. Although most linear crosses are dated rather earlier than the sculptured crosses, these are most likely to have been made at the same time. This translates as 'The stone of Baptism' as it was wrongly thought to be a font. What was thought to be a central bowl is now identified as a pedestal with socket to hold a now absent cross. It has interlace pattern and moulded edging Part of

704-545: A mansion in the grounds . In 1786 it passed by marriage to the Talbot family of Lacock , Wiltshire, and it is they, during the 19th century, who began to gather together various stone crosses and standing stones in the locality. Initially they were placed in the mansion grounds. In 1892 Emily Talbot gave them to the nation, in the care of the Commissioner of Public Works. In 1932 they were moved into their present building,

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768-686: A nave, transept, apse, and narthex. In a broad sense, the Latin cross is used to represent all of Christianity and Christendom , given that it teaches that Jesus sacrificed himself for humanity upon it, atoning for the sins of the world. It is especially used among the denominations of Western Christianity , including the Roman Catholic tradition and several Protestant traditions, such as Lutheranism, Moravianism, Anglicanism, Methodism, and Reformed Christianity, as well as by Anabaptists, Baptists, and Pentecostals. In certain periods, such as during

832-423: A nearby mountain location, set into a prehistoric burial mound, where a replica now stands. It was first documented in 1578, and local folk-lore declared that anyone reading the inscription would die soon afterwards. It is a stone pillar, 1.01 metres (3.3 ft) high, with four lines of Latin inscription and an incised cross. On the back there is an Ordnance Survey bench mark , and various more recent carvings. It

896-494: A slab, the top of the cross, is missing. The holes through the cross arms may not originally have gone all the way through. Part of a slab, possibly made to lie flat over a grave. Small grave marker In 1147 the Margam monastery was re-founded as a Cistercian Abbey by Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester and lord of Glamorgan. With French monks, an English lord and new Abbey buildings, there would have been little or no interest in

960-622: A thin tenon on its base suggests it was made to fit into a pedestal socket. Stylistically the splayed arms and wide circular armpits are similar to 10th-century crosses from the north of England. Date: 10th century The largest of the Margam Stones, and with the most decorative and figurative carvings, the RCAHMW describe it as "the most impressive of the monuments of this category in the county, if not in all Wales". It has an immense stone wheel-cross with knot-work arcs, plaitwork cross, and

1024-408: Is 1.14 metres (3.7 ft) high, with a diameter of 0.38 metres (1.2 ft), tapering slightly towards the base. It was discovered 'under a hedge' at Cwrt Uchaf Farm in 1857, before being moved to join the Margam collection. These date from 900 to 1100 AD, and form the great majority of the Margam early Christian collection. Seven of them are from the immediate environs of Margam, and three are from

1088-497: Is a mix of unconsolidated sediment with a range of grain sizes. This forms as the fronts of glaciers rapidly deposit material due to melting. Cwmafan in Port Talbot is built upon alluvial and glaciofluvial deposits , formed from glacial meltwater . Baglan Moors, Fairfield and Port Talbot town centre are built upon tidal flat deposits (tides were higher 12,000 years ago allowing sandy deposits to accumulate). Coal seams within

1152-412: Is a town and community in the county borough of Neath Port Talbot , Wales , situated on the east side of Swansea Bay , approximately eight miles (thirteen kilometres) from Swansea . The Port Talbot Steelworks covers a large area of land which dominates the south east of the town. It is one of the biggest steelworks in the world, but has been under threat of closure since the 1980s. The population

1216-419: Is an intricately sculptured cross-slab with a Latin cross and an inscription recalling Brancuf. Originally it stood in the old St Baglan's church but that fell into ruin in the late 19th century and the slab was removed to St Catharine's. St Baglan (Bagelan), son of King Ithael Hoel of Brittany, was a 6th-century hermit and follower of St Illtud . He founded the first church at the town that now takes his name. In

1280-547: Is between 3 and 20 metres (10 and 66 ft). Several landslips occur in the highlands including many bole holes historically made for the construction of the M4 motorway, steelworks and coal mines. Rivers in the region are fault guided meaning that they flow is highly influenced by a structural weakness called a fault. Several natural springs occur in the highland regions with a neutral to slightly acidic ph values. Natural groundwater levels varies from 10 metres (35 ft) below

1344-458: Is built upon blown sand and tidal flat deposits. These were deposited by the wind via aeolian processes and the water by fluvial processes . Velindre area of Port Talbot is built upon an alluvial fan deposit. This deposit formed during the last glacial period 14,000 years ago. Baglan Road in Port Talbot is built upon glacial till from the Devensian period. Till, also known as boulder clay ,

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1408-435: Is the most celebrated example. From around 1000 AD, it is a huge disc cross with Celtic interlace and plaitwork patterns, figurative scenes including a hunting scene, and inscriptions telling us who made it and who erected it. There are 17 early Christian stones, plus 11 memorials and other stones from the post-Norman periods. The museum is run by Cadw , the Welsh historic sites agency, and is close to Margam Abbey Church and

1472-440: Is unknown. The English antiquarian John Leland made an extensive journey through Wales c.1536–39 of which he recorded an itinerary. He passed through Aberafan, which he describes as a "poor village" surrounded by barren ground, though he also describes the area as heavily wooded, not much of which remains today. He mentions the use of the river mouth as a port. His portrayal of Aberafan as a small, struggling village suggests that

1536-580: The West during the Romanesque period. The ideal church plan tended to be symmetrical around a central point during the Renaissance . The longer arm of the Latin cross plan is the nave , which runs on an east–west axis and traditionally contains aisles or chapels . The transept crosses the nave, running north–south, and can be the same width as the nave, or extend further on both sides to create

1600-456: The 10th century were all rescued from the steelworks site by the Talbot family and taken to Margam, where they are now in the museum, in the care of Cadw . The Baked Bean Museum of Excellence is a private museum in Port Talbot. In December 2018 the artist Banksy confirmed that he produced a mural painted on the corner of a garage close to Port Talbot steelworks. On one side it depicts

1664-623: The 16th century English Reformation of the Anglican Church , the Latin cross was disfavored by a minority of theologians such as Nicholas Ridley , though in the overall history of the Western Christian Churches, this was short-lived. A Latin cross plan is a floor plan found in many Christian churches and cathedrals . When looked at from above or in plan view it takes the shape of a Latin cross ( crux immissa ). Such cruciform churches were very common in

1728-786: The Baptist's baptism of Jesus, which was watched by hundreds who had heard about it by word of mouth. By the time the first main part of the play was performed on Aberafan Beach at 3:00 pm, organisers estimated up to 6,000 people had gathered to watch. On Saturday, there were sequences in Llewellyn Street, the Castle Street underpass, Aberafan Shopping Centre , the Seaside Social and Labour Club in Sandfields and nearby Abbeyville Court. On Easter Sunday ,

1792-524: The Bristol Channel, the station comprises three squarish concrete buildings with flat roofs, set on the Margam ridge facing south-east and overlooking the Channel. The most north-westerly building retains the framework of a steel gantry, the base for a rectangular radar transmitter/receiver array, known as a 'bedstead array' from its wires and framework, and is believed to be a unique survivor within

1856-476: The British Isles. In 1970 a new deep-water harbour was opened by Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip . This harbour was capable of discharging iron ore vessels of 100,000 deadweight tonnage (DWT), a tenfold improvement on the old dock. By the early 21st century, due to further modification and dredging, the harbour is capable of harbouring vessels of over 170,000 DWT. The borough of Port Talbot

1920-929: The Pennant sandstone run north west-south-east and east–west. The coal seams arise from the South Wales Middle Coal Measures Formation, South Wales Upper Coal Measures Formation, South Wales Lower Coal Measures Formation, Rhondda Member and Brithdir Member. Pennant sandstone is an excellent construction rock and road stone. Faults have an orientation of North West-South East, east–west and north–south. All are normal faults which form extension processes. There are also many marine fossils bands. Marine fossils found in Port Talbot region include species of bivalves, gastropods and brachiopods. Terrestrial fossils include fern tree branches, trunks, leaves and roots. Traces of organism footprints can also be found. The drift geology average thickness

1984-605: The Pumpeius Stone, the Kenfig Stone, and by local tradition 'Bêdh Morgan Morganwg' (The sepulchre of Prince Morgan). It was first recorded in 1578. A squared pillar of Old Red Sandstone , 1.35 metres (4.4 ft) tall, it contains both Latin and Ogham scripts. Two areas of Ogham script appear, written as notches along the side of the stone, on the same face as the Latin name. A stone pillar also known as 'The Margam Stone', and 'Carreg Lythyrenog'. It originates from

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2048-685: The Rhondda Member and Brithdir Member. The sandstone formed in Carboniferous swamps 300 million years ago. Pennant sandstone is a micacous sandstone which has a brown colouration with areas of red staining where iron from pyrite in coal has weathered creating a rust colouration. Lower land areas are predominantly Pennant sandstone within the South Wales Coal Measures Group . There is a variety of drift deposits in Port Talbot. Sandfields area of Port Talbot

2112-701: The Taibach area of Port Talbot to over 20 metres (65 ft). Rivers in the region including the River Afan (Aberafan), River Neath (Baglan Bay), Ffrwdwyllt (Taibach), Arnallt Brook (Taibach), Baglan Brook (Baglan), River Kenfig (Morfa Beach) and other rivers are fast flowing and are highly influenced by their mouths (end of the rivers, tidal region). A spout can be found in Baglan Park in the Baglan region of Port Talbot. Many open and uncovered reservoirs exist in

2176-426: The ages of 16 and 64 were economically inactive. 60,100 residents, that is 70.3 percent, between the ages of 16 and 64 were economically active. Port Talbot has a variety of bedrock and drift types. South East of Port Talbot is dominated by Pennant sandstone which forms this high relief area including Mynydd Margam, Mynydd Dinas and the other mountains. The pennant sandstone is made up of two formations which are

2240-706: The air quality had improved to meet the WHO 's recommended limit of 10   μg/m . According to the Office for National Statistics the Neath Port Talbot population had increased by 1.8 percent, from around 139,800 in 2011 to 142,300 in 2021. This was higher than the overall increase for Wales (1.4 percent), where the population grew by 44,000 to 3,107,500. In 2021 Neath Port Talbot ranked ninth for total population out of 22 local authority areas in Wales. This amounts to

2304-420: The area were mentioned during Roman times. Ffynnon Pedr is a holy well which flows from the hillside through a 16 in × 16 in (400 mm × 400 mm) stone culvert in Margam. This may have been a water supply for Margam Abbey, 1 ⁄ 2 mile (800 metres) to the east. The Cross of Brancuf an early Christian Sculptured Stone which stands in the church of St Catharine at Baglan. It

2368-665: The bay between the River Afan and the River Neath . The other beach in Port Talbot is Margam Sands, popularly known as Morfa Beach . The north-western edge of the town is marked by the River Neath. A landmark in the town is the Port Talbot Steelworks . With heavy industry and an urban motorway, Port Talbot was reported as having the worst air pollution in Wales in 2005 with a PM 10 particulate level of 30   μg/m (micrograms per cubic metre). By 2018

2432-646: The circular head of the cross remains. It has a crude interlace pattern So-called 'pannelled cart-wheel cross' with an illegible inscription. Cart-wheel Cross, found along with No 12 being used as a footbridge, which has caused severe abraiding of both the carvings and the inscriptions. First noted in 1693, it is smaller but otherwise very similar to No 12, the cross of Ilquici, and shares its subsequent history. It stands 1.65 metres (5.4 ft) above ground, 0.79 metres (2.6 ft) wide and 0.25 metres (0.82 ft) thick, made from locally occurring Pennant sandstone . Cart-wheel Cross, found along with No 11 being used as

2496-536: The cross stem. First mentioned in 1697, it was in Margam Abbey Churchyard, south of the Church, until it was moved into the museum. It is 1.01 metres (3.3 ft)high, 0.48 metres (1.6 ft) wide and 0.3 metres (0.98 ft) thick, made from locally occurring Pennant sandstone . The cross head is 0.44 metres (1.4 ft) in diameter. It is made from a single piece of Pennant sandstone , although

2560-529: The demise of West Glamorgan County Council in 1996, Port Talbot borough council was merged with Neath and part of Lliw Valley Districts to create the new unitary authority of Neath Port Talbot County Borough. The Civic Centre is located in Port Talbot, and the town is represented by three of the 64 councillors that make up the county council. The centre of the town is covered by the Port Talbot ward for local council elections. Port Talbot occupies an area of low lying coastal plain between Swansea Bay to

2624-815: The earlier monastery, and the early stones are the main evidence that survives. The Nave and west front of the Cistercian Abbey Church , on the other hand, survived both the reformation and a 19th-century renovation, and is now the Parish Church. The remainder of the Abbey buildings, including the Chapter house, with its memorials to the Cistercian Abbots, became part of the estate of the Mansel and then Talbot families, and are now part of Margam public park . The Talbot family collected

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2688-412: The early Christian Stones in and around the Chapter house, and under the care of the Commissioner of Public Works they were all re-housed in the current museum, including five grave-slabs and an effigy from the pre-reformation period, and four post-reformation memorial slabs. Following Cadws major reworking of the museum building in the 1990s these later stones are all housed in the upper gallery, creating

2752-413: The early Christian centuries. They can be classified into three groupings: The milestone dates to 309–313, the dates for Emperor Maximinus. It was turned upside-down and re-used in the 6th century, when a memorial to Cantusus was inscribed. It is a sandstone pillar, 1.52 metres (5.0 ft) high, and 0.48 metres (1.6 ft) by 0.25 metres (0.82 ft), first noted in 1839. This stone is also known as

2816-590: The inspiration of a group of local young people, was awarded a five-year licence by Ofcom to serve Port Talbot and Neath. Afan FM broadcast from the AquaDome leisure complex on Aberafan Seafront . Following a December 2009 fire at the AquaDome, Afan FM moved to Aberafan House, adjacent to the town's shopping centre. Afan FM closed in December 2011 was shut down following an unexpected tax bill. The town has been served by several newspapers. The Port Talbot Guardian

2880-501: The next day. Port Talbot is served by several Independent Local Radio stations: Hits Radio South Wales , its sister station Greatest Hits Radio South Wales , Swansea Bay Radio , Heart South Wales and Nation Radio Wales . Radio Phoenix also operates a 24-hour hospital radio service for the patients and staff of Neath Port Talbot Hospital in Baglan Moors . In 2005 the area was granted its first radio station when Afan FM ,

2944-707: The pioneer photographer, William Henry Fox Talbot . The Talbots were patrons of Margam Abbey, and also built Margam Castle . Christopher Rice Mansel Talbot (1803–1890), a Liberal Member of Parliament (MP) for Glamorgan from 1830 until his death, saw the potential of his property as a site for an extensive ironworks , which opened in early 1831. The remains of a Chain Home Low early warning radar station are situated in Margam Country Park , dating from World War II ( c.  1941–1943 ). Designed to guard against enemy surface craft and submarines in

3008-406: The port was not in great use, especially as traffic to and from Margam Abbey would have ceased following its dissolution in 1536. The area of the parish of Margam lying on the west bank of the lower Afan became industrialised following the establishment of a copperworks in 1770. The Afan was diverted and a dock was opened in 1839 named for the Talbot family, local landowners who were related to

3072-430: The production returned to Aberafan Beach as part of the finale. A trial was performed on Civic Square before a procession from Station Road, with the final scene, "the cross", at Aberafan seafront. By the time the procession had reached the seafront close to where it had begun 72 hours earlier, organisers estimate over 13,000 people had come to watch on the small roundabout. In April 2012, Michael Sheen returned to attend

3136-423: The railway station and surrounding area. Latin cross If displayed upside down it is called St. Peter's Cross , because he was executed on this type of cross. When displayed sideways it is called St. Philip 's cross for the same reason. Many medieval churches are designed using the Latin cross plan. When looked at from above, it takes the shape of a Latin cross. A Latin cross plan primarily contains

3200-421: The region. Water has been channelled into ditches in industrial areas of Port Talbot. There are four comprehensive schools situated within the Port Talbot area: Glan Afan Comprehensive School and Sandfields Comprehensive School closed in 2016. A campus of Neath Port Talbot College is located in the Margam area. The Margam campus was previously called Afan College. The University of South Wales has

3264-414: The ruins of the Abbey buildings. Postcode: SA13 2TA. Access road is just north of J38 of the M4, 4 miles (6.4 km) south-east of Port Talbot . There is a car park for visitors to the Abbey, Museum and Abbots Kitchen Restaurant. Margam Abbey was a Cistercian Abbey founded in 1147, and the nave survives as Margam Parish Church. Upon its dissolution in 1536 the Mansel family acquired it, and built

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3328-515: The same location as the Pillar of Thomas, implying perhaps two pre-Norman monastic establishments in the area, using the local sandstone to create distinctive Celtic stone sculpture. The earliest of the Glamorgan disc-headed crosses (along with one at Llantwit Major ). The cross and stem have intricate lattice patterns with an inscription in insular majuscule script. First mention of this cross

3392-411: The station with services westbound to Neath and Swansea and West Wales Line and eastbound to Bridgend , Cardiff Central and London Paddington . Trains also run via Hereford and Shrewsbury to Crewe and Manchester Piccadilly . The new £5.6 million Integrated Transport hub was completed in 2017, linking Port Talbot Parkway with new bus and taxi links. This also included extensive upgrades to

3456-490: The town. The 2017 crime drama television series Bang is set in Port Talbot. Terry Gilliam has recounted how he was inspired to create the movie Brazil after hearing a transistor radio play the song Aquarela do Brasil on the beach at Port Talbot. Port Talbot is served by the South Wales Main Line at Port Talbot Parkway railway station . Great Western Railway and Transport for Wales serve

3520-415: The vestry of St Catharine's church sits a cross-slab dating from the 8th–10th century CE. It is intricately decorated with a Celtic-style cross formed out of knotwork (cord-plait knotwork) and interlacing; the ends of each arm are probably of a Latin design. Also, there is a Latin inscription: FECIT BRANCUF or perhaps BRANCU which when translated reads 'was made by Brancuf'. However, the person known as Brancuf

3584-465: The west (within the Bristol Channel) and the hills and valleys of Margam Moors (which are part of the wider South Wales valleys) to the south. The town is built along the eastern rim of Swansea Bay in a narrow strip of coastal plain surrounding the River Afan estuary. Swansea is visible on the opposite side of the bay. The local beach is known as Aberafan Sands and is situated along the edge of

3648-425: The whole of the emerging conurbation. The earliest evidence of humans in the Port Talbot area has been found on the side of Mynydd Margam where Bronze Age farming ditches can be found from 4,000 BC. There were Iron Age hill forts on Mynydd Dinas, Mynydd Margam, Mynydd Emroch and other nearby hills. Mynydd Hawdref contains remains of an ancient Iron Age village. The Margam deer herd dates from Norman times but deer in

3712-610: The world premiere of the feature-length film The Gospel of Us based on The Passion. The premiere was held at the Apollo Cinema (now the Reel Cinema ) on the Aberafan seafront close to where The Passion took place. Tickets for the premiere sold out weeks before the showing; all six screens showed the film simultaneously. The film was also shown daily from Easter Sunday to the following Thursday prior to its UK-wide release

3776-399: Was 31,550 in 2021, comprising about a fifth of the 141,931 population of Neath Port Talbot. Modern Port Talbot is a town formed from the merging of multiple villages, including Baglan , Margam , and Aberafan . The name 'Port Talbot' first appears in 1837 as the name of the new docks built on the south-east side of the river Afan by the Talbot family. Over time it came to be applied to

3840-650: Was a weekly paper published by Media Wales , part of the Trinity Mirror group, but ceased publication in October 2009. The Swansea-based daily South Wales Evening Post and the weekly Courier and Tribune are distributed in the town and are published by Media Wales , part of the Reach plc group. The Welsh-language song competition Cân i Gymru is usually filmed in Port Talbot. TV programmes such as Doctor Who and The Sarah Jane Adventures have filmed in

3904-467: Was around 9 percent. Female unemployment was around 6 percent in 2000. In 2010, 26.2 percent of children and young persons (under the age of 20) in Neath Port Talbot county borough were living in relative poverty , higher than the 22.2 percent Welsh average. According to the Office for National Statistics , between April 2012 to March 2013 25,400 residents, that is 7.8 percent, between

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3968-487: Was created in November 1921, incorporating Margam, Cwmafan and Aberafan. It was therefore 85 years after the phrase 'Port Talbot' was first used that it became officially recognised as the town's name. Port Talbot was part of the historic county of Glamorgan . The 1974 county council re-organisation split Glamorgan into three new counties, and Port Talbot became one of the four districts of West Glamorgan . Following

4032-481: Was in 1873, by which time it was in the Abbey Chapter house collection. It measures 1.88 metres (6.2 ft)high, 0.96 metres (3.1 ft) wide and 0.13 metres (0.43 ft) thick, made from locally occurring Pennant sandstone . The circular head of the cross has been roughly cut back to make it a more even shape for re-use as building material. A disc-headed sculptured cross, with an inscription which fills

4096-425: Was moved to the museum before 1945. These date from 600 to 900 AD and are crudely produced compared to the later sculptured crosses. Several of the Margam stones feature these incised carvings, including No 3, and the back of No 13. Only No 4 falls purely within this category. A tall cylindrical stone pillar with the top broken and missing. Three outline Latin crosses are cut in, and a short inscription. The pillar

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