50-520: Melbourne House may refer to: Melbourne House, a building on Piccadilly, London, which is now the Albany Melbourne House (company) , a software publisher now known as Krome Studios Melbourne Melbourne House, an Electronic dance music genre, also known as Melbourne Bounce Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
100-750: A "Ban the Bomb" charter. Despite this Hawkes characterised the work of CND as a "moral crusade" rather than a political one. She also founded the Women's Committee of CND. Hawkes was active in campaigning for the decriminalisation of gay sex through the Homosexual Law Reform Society (HLRS), of which she was a founding member. Its establishment was announced by a letter in The Times . Committee meetings were held at her and Priestley's flat – B4 Albany – which led to its use as
150-502: A "gathering" between peers, such as Bertrand Russell , George Kennan , Denis Healey and other public figures, who all knew each other. Hawkes organised an influential meeting early on at Sandown Pavilion, which promoted CND on the Isle of Wight. A member of the executive committee, Hawkes was active at the first Aldermaston March held on 4–7 April 1958. In 1959 she led a march of over 15,000 people to Downing Street where she presented
200-529: A BBC Radio programme "Ancient Britain Out of Doors", introducing key ideas about archaeology then discussing them with colleagues Stuart Piggott and Nowell Myres . In 1937 her only child, Nicholas, was born. In 1938 Hawkes' first book, The Archaeology of Jersey , was published – it was the second work in a series on the archaeology of the Channel Islands that had been begun by Tom Kendrick . As
250-678: A Rainbow , based on imagined letters. Priestley's letters in the work were set in a "brash new America in Texas", whilst Hawkes' were written from the perspectives of indigenous societies in New Mexico. The script for the 1953 film Figures in a Landscape , a documentary about the work of Barbara Hepworth , was written by Hawkes. In 1956 she began excavations on the Mottistone Estate , whose land adjoined her and Priestley's home of Brook Hill House. The subject of Hawkes' investigation
300-451: A covered walkway supported on thin iron columns and with an upswept roof. The blocks are white painted render in a simpler Regency style than Chambers' work. Most sets are accessed off common staircases without doors, like Oxbridge colleges and the Inns of Court. From the time of its conversion, Albany was a prestigious set of bachelor apartments. Residents have included the poet Lord Byron ,
350-529: A creative memoir of her romantic and sexual life, where she imagined herself as different women across time, from a Palaeolithic shaman called Jakka to a Victorian governess. It was described by the New York Times critic Katha Pollitt as "antifeminist", a "humourless rambling document" and a "masochistic fantasia of the unconscious". John Sutherland in the London Review of Books praised
400-543: A larger property in order to "entertain in style". The sale price was £23,571. In 1802 the Duke in turn gave up the house and it was converted by Henry Holland into 69 bachelor apartments (known as "sets"). This was achieved by subdividing the main block and its two service wings, and by adding two new parallel long buildings covering most of the garden, running as far as a new rear gate building on Burlington Gardens . Named The Ropewalk, Holland's new buildings of 1802–1803 flank
450-548: A major task was the preparations for UNESCO's first conference, which was held in Mexico City in 1947. One of the UK representatives was her future husband, J. B. Priestley , although Hawkes initially opposed his inclusion. However, at the conference Hawkes and Priestley fell in love. Priestley famously described Hawkes' demeanour as "Ice without! Fire within!" In 1949 Hawkes left the civil service, in order to work full-time as
500-678: A novel by Georgette Heyer , Captain Gideon Ware of the Life Guards rents a set of chambers at Albany. In the film Kind Hearts and Coronets (1949), Louis Mazzini takes a small set at Albany as he moves up the social ladder. In the James Bond novel Moonraker by Ian Fleming (1955), Max Meyer, the bridge partner of Sir Hugo Drax, was said to live in Albany. Simon Raven 's Alms for Oblivion novels (including 1974's Bring Forth
550-657: A recreation of the Sutton Hoo ship burial. Published one month after the opening of the Festival of Britain, and perhaps Hawkes' most widely recognised work, A Land (1951) characterised the archaeology of Britain, and thus the story of Britishness, as one of repeated waves of migration. The book was illustrated by Henry Moore . Reviewed on its publication in The Journal of Geology as "literary expression ... rather than scientific description", even Hawkes
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#1732787459317600-683: A result of the academic success of the monograph, she was elected as a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries . In 1939 she travelled to Ireland to supervise the excavation of Harristown Passage Tomb , near Waterford . The excavation was funded by the Office of Public Works Employment Relief Scheme. Hawkes and her son moved to Dorset early in the war, when Britain was facing the threat of invasion. In her memoir A Quest of Love , Hawkes described how, while in Dorset, her "violent emotional involvement with
650-474: A woman" was "a sudden undamning of feelings of an intensity that I did not know I possessed". Her biographer, Christine Finn , characterised this affair as leaving Hawkes "emotionally confused". The writer Robert Macfarlane described Hawkes as " bisexual through much of the 1930s". During the latter half of the Blitz Hawkes returned to London and began work in the civil service. To begin with she
700-571: A writer. She was interested in communicating archaeology and art in new ways to new audiences, including through writing creatively and through film. In 1950 the British Film Institute made her a governor. Writing with empathy, in what became termed the 'archaeological imagination', was central to her practice. One of her first creative projects was as archaeological advisor to the Festival of Britain in 1951, where she produced
750-508: A young age, she made her first investigations aged nine when she found out her home was on the site of an early medieval cemetery, sneaking out of the house at night to dig in the garden. From 1921 to 1928 she attended Perse School for Girls , going on in 1929 to study the new degree of Archaeology & Anthropology at the University of Cambridge , where she was the first woman to do so. In her second year at university she took part in
800-412: Is a three-storey mansion, seven bays (windows) wide, with a pair of service wings flanking a front courtyard. In 1791, Lord Melbourne, who by then had built up considerable debts to fund his and his wife's extravagant lifestyle, downsized by exchanging Melbourne House for Dover House , Whitehall (now a government office) with the recently married Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany , who required
850-592: Is based mainly on the much longer list in the Survey of London . Many tenants were in residence for only a short time when they were young. Jacquetta Hawkes Jacquetta Hawkes OBE FBA (5 August 1910 – 18 March 1996) was an English archaeologist and writer. She was the first woman to study the Archaeology & Anthropology degree course at the University of Cambridge . A specialist in prehistoric archaeology, she excavated Neanderthal remains at
900-527: Is central to the story, is said to "have a room in Albany." Mr Fascination Fledgeby, a moneylender in Charles Dickens ' novel Our Mutual Friend (1865), is described as living there. Several scenes from the book take place in his apartment. In the novel The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890) by Oscar Wilde , Lord Fermor, the uncle of the character Lord Henry Wotton, resides in Albany. In Oscar Wilde's play The Importance of Being Earnest (1895),
950-603: The Palaeolithic site of Mount Carmel with Yusra and Dorothy Garrod . She was a representative for the UK at UNESCO , and was curator of the "People of Britain" pavilion at the Festival of Britain . Widely recognised for her book A Land (1951), she wrote widely on archaeology, fusing a literary style of writing with a deep knowledge of landscape and past human lives, as well as using film and radio to enable archaeology to reach new audiences. In 1953 she married J. B. Priestley , with whom she authored several works. She
1000-630: The "Squire of Piccadilly", was a former scholar of Peterhouse, a bachelor and a lifelong resident of Albany. He bequeathed 37 sets to the college, along with other endowments. Albany is governed by a board of trustees on behalf of the proprietors. The annual rent of a set can be as much as £50,000 and prospective tenants are vetted by a committee before being allowed to take up residence. Only recently have women been allowed to apply. The names "Albany" and "the Albany" have both been used. The rules adopted in 1804 laid down that "the Premises mentioned in
1050-750: The "candour" of the final section, which discussed her marriages, but was negative overall. However, in a 2018 reappraisal of the work, literary theorist Ina Habermann described it as a "visionary autobiography" and an "overlooked exercise in écriture feminine ". In 1982 she published a biography of Mortimer Wheeler . Reviewed by F. H. Thompson in Antiquity , the biography was criticised for its over-emphasis on, and criticism of, Wheeler's sex life. Priestley died in 1984. After his death Hawkes moved to Chipping Camden and continued her interests in archaeology and science, particularly ornithology. Her last publication, The Shell Guide to British Archaeology ,
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#17327874593171100-453: The 'People of Britain' pavilion. The pavilion's architect was H. T. Cadbury Brown and it was designed by James Gardner . The vision of the pavilion created by Hawkes showed archaeological sites as if they were being discovered for the first time, proceeding chronologically from a prehistoric burial, to a Bronze Age gold necklace, to a Roman mosaic floor. After the Roman section, visitors met
1150-515: The Albany , is an English apartment complex in Piccadilly , London . The three-storey mansion was built in the 1770s and divided into apartments in 1802. Albany was built in 1771–1776 by Sir William Chambers for the newly created 1st Viscount Melbourne who had bought the land and residence (Piccadilly House) it was to replace from Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland for £16,500. It was called Melbourne House and cost at least £50,000 to build. It
1200-715: The Body ) feature Somerset Lloyd-James, a politician and resident of Albany. In Graham Greene 's The Human Factor (1978), Dr Percival resides at D.6. In the Major Harry Maxim novels by Gavin Lyall , George Harbinger, Harry's boss, who first appears in The Secret Servant (1980), has an apartment at Albany where he lives with his spouse, Annette. In Julian Fellowes ' novel Belgravia (2016), Mr John Bellasis resides in an apartment at Albany. The list below
1250-501: The age of 14 are not permitted to live there. The apartments or "sets" are individually owned as flying freeholds , with the owners known as "proprietors"; a set that came up for sale in 2007 had an advertised guide price of £2 million. Around half the sets were owned by Peterhouse , a college of the University of Cambridge . These were acquired by William Stone (1857–1958) during the Second World War. Stone, nicknamed
1300-465: The all-powerful male ruler that are so widespread at this time and in this stage of cultural development as to be almost universal, is one of the reasons for supposing that the occupants of Minoan thrones may have been queens". Reviewed by Frank Stubbings , he praised the book, describing how "the writer remembers always that these were real human beings"; however, he also had several caveats – some on questions of dating, but most of all on account of
1350-551: The amateur detective in the works of Anthony Berkeley Cox who first appeared in The Layton Court Mystery (1925). In G. K. Chesterton 's Father Brown Stories, in "The Queer Feet" (1910), the character Mr Audrey "[looks] like a mild, self-indulgent bachelor, with rooms in the Albany -- which he was". In the comic short story " Uncle Fred Flits By " (1935) by P. G. Wodehouse , the young gentleman Pongo Twistleton resides in Albany. In The Foundling (1948),
1400-453: The character John (Jack) Worthing has a set at Albany (number B.4), where he lives while staying in London under the assumed name of Ernest. A. J. Raffles , the gentleman burglar created by E. W. Hornung who first appeared in " The Ides of March " (1898), lived at Albany, as did the adventurer Lord John Roxton of Arthur Conan Doyle 's novel The Lost World (1912), and Roger Sheringham,
1450-561: The churchyard of the Church of St Michael and All Angels , Hubberholme in North Yorkshire. However, their presence there is commemorated with a plaque on the church. Whilst Hawkes' views and writing may have been too "poetic" for the archaeological establishment, particularly in the context of processual archaeology 's popularity in the later mid-twentieth century, in the twenty-first century her writing found new audiences, with
1500-503: The defining British non-fiction books of the postwar decade". In 1952 Hawkes was awarded an OBE . Jacquetta and Christopher Hawkes divorced in 1953; she married Priestley the same year. They lived on the Isle of Wight , before moving to Alveston, Warwickshire , in 1960. During their marriage, they collaborated on a number of experimental literary works, including the play Dragon's Mouth, and an epistolary work entitled Journey Down
1550-724: The early 1960s, she became President of the Warwickshire branch of the Campaign for the Preservation of Rural England and a trustee of the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust . Her archaeological research continued, co-editing with Leonard Woolley UNESCO's book on prehistory entitled History of Mankind, which was published in 1963. Hawkes was responsible for writing the sections on the palaeolithic and neolithic , whereas Woolley's approach renounced
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1600-515: The excavation of a Neanderthal skeleton. On her return from Palestine, she married Christopher Hawkes on 7 October 1933 at Trinity College , Cambridge, when she was aged 22. In 1934 she had published her first article "Aspects of the Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods in western Europe" in Antiquity . The same year, she visited a seven-year-old David Attenborough 's "museum" of fossils and geology, donating specimens to it. In 1935 she led
1650-562: The excavation of a Roman site near Colchester , and there met her future first husband, the archaeologist Christopher Hawkes (1905–1992). She graduated with a first-class honours degree from Newnham College . After her graduation, in 1932, she travelled to Palestine and joined the British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem , in order to excavate on Mount Carmel , alongside Yusra and Dorothy Garrod . There she supervised
1700-559: The foregoing Articles shall be called Albany". Both names have been used in the 19th and 20th centuries. In a 1958 review of a book about the building, Peace in Piccadilly , The Times wrote, "Albany or the Albany? It has long been a snobbish test of intimate knowledge of the West End. If one was in use, a man could feel superior by using the other. When G. S. Street wrote The Ghosts of Piccadilly in 1907, he said that 'the Albany'
1750-520: The future prime minister William Ewart Gladstone and numerous members of the aristocracy. During the Second World War, one of the buildings received significant damage from a German bomb , but was reconstructed after the war to appear as an exact replica. The Albany Trust is named after the building, as it held its inaugural meetings there in the late 1950s, at the home of its founding trustees Jacquetta Hawkes and J. B. Priestley . Residents no longer have to be bachelors, although children under
1800-535: The global and he wrote on the Bronze Age in the area that was then termed "the fertile crescent ". Reviewed by Dutch archaeologist Sigfried J. De Laet , Hawkes' writing style was praised as was her emphasis on a "global" prehistory; however some of the factual information she included was accused of being out of date. In 1968 she published Dawn of the Gods , which examined Minoan civilisation , and argued that it
1850-554: The name for the Albany Trust . The trust was founded in 1958 to support the charitable work of the HLRS and Hawkes was a trustee along with Anthony Edward Dyson , Kenneth Walker, Andrew Hallidie Smith and Ambrose Appelbe . The group, all "ostensibly heterosexual" according to David Minto , aimed to challenge societal attitudes to homosexuality through "objectivity". After Hawkes and Priestley moved to Alveston, Warwickshire , in
1900-470: The poetic language used by Hawkes. Archaeologist Nicoletta Momigliano has placed Hawkes' Dawn of the Gods as part of a canon of 1960s "pacifist and hippie interpretations" that were influenced by Jungian psychology . Also in 1968, Hawkes published a paper in Antiquity entitled "The Proper Study of Mankind". In it, she argued against an over-emphasis on science in archaeological discourse. The paper
1950-498: The title Melbourne House . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Melbourne_House&oldid=824745715 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Albany (London) Albany , sometimes referred to as
2000-418: The war she met the poet Walter J. Turner , with whom she had an extra-marital affair. Turner died of a brain haemorrhage in 1946 and Hawkes was grief-stricken. Inspired by Turner's writing and their love, she published her only poetry collection Symbols and Speculations in 1948. It recalled, through poetry, both mystical and physical experiences in her archaeological career. During her time as Secretary,
2050-480: Was The Longstone ; her research, which was published in Antiquity , demonstrated that it was the remains of the entrance to a Neolithic long barrow . Politically engaged, in late 1957 and early 1958 she and Priestley were part of a group of co-founders of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND). CND officially launched at Central Hall, Westminster, on 17 February 1958. Its institutional origins have been described as an "elite pressure group", established as
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2100-417: Was a "feminine" society. Hawkes was one of the archaeologists who first proposed that women were the rulers of the ancient Minoans; the idea had been discussed previously by historians of culture and religion , such as Joseph Campbell , and it had also been discussed as part of feminist discourse. She used evidence from art to argue that the society was matriarchal: "the absence of these manifestations of
2150-441: Was aware that it was a difficult book to classify. Nevertheless, a review by Harold Nicolson helped to boost its popularity where he described "the weird beauty in this prophetic book ... it is written with a passion of love and hate". Described by geographer Hayden Lorimer , in 2012, as "an unconventional geological history", it was a bestseller in the UK and was described in the same year, by Robert Macfarlane, as "one of
2200-576: Was co-founder of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament and an active campaigner in the Homosexual Law Reform Society . In 1967 she published Dawn of the Gods , a "feminine" interpretation of the Minoan civilisation . In 1971, the Council for British Archaeology rewarded her advocacy for the discipline with the role of vice-president. Born Jessie Jacquetta Hopkins , on 5 August 1910 in Cambridge , she
2250-457: Was co-written with archaeologist Paul Bahn and published in 1986. Noted for her striking looks, she was the subject of the work of several photographers during her lifetime, including Lord Snowdon , Bern Schwartz , Mark Gerson, J. S. Lewinski and Tara Heinemann . Hawkes died in Cheltenham on 18 March 1996. Cremated, her ashes are interred with Priestley's at an unknown location in
2300-469: Was editor-in-chief of the film unit, where she commissioned and produced The Beginning of History – an early attempt to present prehistory on film. Whilst working for the government she continued to publish, including Prehistoric Britain (1944, co-authored with her then husband, Christopher Hawkes), and Early Britain (1945). Prehistoric Britain was used by many students in the 1940s and 1950s and underwent several editions and reprints. During
2350-685: Was involved with moving items from the British Museum to Aldwych tube station for safe-keeping. She began work in 1941 as Assistant Principal of the Post-War Reconstruction Secretariat. Her next post, begun in 1943 and one she held until 1949, was in the Ministry of Education, where she became Secretary of the UK National Committee for UNESCO . In her work in the Ministry of Education she
2400-402: Was the youngest child of Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins (1861–1947), biochemist and Nobel Prize winner, and his wife Jessie Ann (1869–1956), daughter of Edward William Stevens, ship's fitter, of Ramsgate. She had one brother and one sister. Her father was a cousin of the poet Gerard Manley Hopkins . Her parents met at Guy's Hospital , where they both worked. Interested in archaeology from
2450-539: Was then 'universal', but that to the earliest tenants it was 'Albany'." An early use of the building in fiction was the novel, The Bachelor of the Albany (1847) by Marmion Wilard Savage . Still earlier is the hero of Benjamin Disraeli ’s novel Sybil (1845), Charles Egremont, who lives there; he has a portrait by Cristofano Allori hung over his fireplace halfway through the book. In Dorothy Sayers ' novel Clouds of Witness (1926), Dennis Cathcart, whose death
2500-456: Was widely debated, with archaeologist D. P. Agrawal suggesting in 1970 that her article was the "protests of a passing generation" and that it contributed to polemicisation of the field. In 1973, James Feibleman challenged her interpretation of archaeological science as reductionist. In 1971, Hawkes was elected vice-president of the Council for British Archaeology in recognition of her life's work. In 1980 she published A Quest of Love ,
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