Mill Woods is a residential area in the city of Edmonton , Alberta , Canada . Located in southeast Edmonton, Mill Woods is bounded by Whitemud Drive ( Highway 14 ) to the north, 91 Street to the west, 34 Street to the east, and Anthony Henday Drive (Highway 216) to the south. Mill Woods is adjacent to three other residential areas including The Meadows to the east across 34 Street, and Southeast Edmonton and Ellerslie to the south and southwest respectively across Anthony Henday Drive.
41-521: The development of Mill Woods began in the early 1970s and was one of the first areas of Edmonton to move away from the grid system. The Mill Woods subdivision is situated in land that was once earmarked for an Indian reserve to belong to the Papaschase ,a Métis - Cree band that signed treaty between 1876 and 1891. The reserve was deemed to have been abandoned in 1891 and the land was open to agriculture settlement and purchase by new arrivals. Part of
82-584: A colony in 1858, also worked to establish many reserves on the mainland during his tenure, though most of these were overturned by successor colonial governments and later royal commissions once the province joined Confederation in 1871. In 1867, legislative jurisdiction over "Indians and Lands reserved for the Indians" was assigned to the Parliament of Canada through the Constitution Act, 1867 ,
123-793: A large storage room and guitar wall. The Art Room, and Wood Shop Lab received new lighting fixtures. In addition, the school replaced many library computers, with newish desktop computers. In addition to all of the changes in Trinity, the school also replaced its flooring, repainted it's lockers, and renamed the library to "The Trinity Commons". Student Council, Concert and Jazz Band, Grad Committee, Yearbook Committee, Mine Craft Mondays, Anime Club, School Play, Golf , Football , Volleyball , Basketball , Curling , Swim Team, Badminton Soccer , Cross country running, Track and Field , Model UN , Ethics Bowl, Trips such as Encounters Canada, SUNIA (UN summer camp), Exchange trips to Mexico and Music Trips such as
164-659: A major part of Canada's Constitution (originally known as the British North America Act ), which acknowledged that First Nations had special status. Separate powers covered "status and civil rights on the one hand and Indian lands on the other." In 1870, the newly formed Dominion government acquired Rupert's Land , a vast territory in British North America consisting mostly of the Hudson Bay drainage basin that had been controlled by
205-426: A trust agreement with CMHC, and lenders can receive loans to build or repair houses. In other programs, loans to residents of reserves are guaranteed by the federal government. Provinces and municipalities may expropriate reserve land if specifically authorized by a provincial or federal law. Few reserves have any economic advantages, such as resource revenues. The revenues of those reserves that do are held in trust by
246-845: A very important role in public policy stakeholder consultations, particularly when reserves are located in areas that have valuable natural resources with potential for economic development. Beginning in the 1970s, First Nations gained "recognition of their constitutionally protected rights." First Nations' rights are protected by section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982 . By 2002, (Valiente) First Nations had already "finalised 14 comprehensive land claims and self-government agreements, with numerous others, primarily in northern Canada and British Columbia, at different stages of negotiations." Land claims and self-government agreements are "modern treaties" and therefore hold constitutional status. The Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 (CEPA), "places aboriginal participation on par with federal ministers and
287-521: A year. These are "public water systems managed by the federal government". There were also 18 communities that had "water issues for between two and 12 months." According to statistics gathered by Health Canada and the First Nations Health Authority , in 2015, there were "162 drinking water advisories in 118 First Nation communities". In October 2015, Neskantaga First Nation reported that its "20-year boil-water advisory"
328-613: Is a City run Recreation Centre, and is home to Mill Woods Park . As well as Mill Woods Golf Course in the just south of Whitemud Drive. Mill Woods has twenty-one Edmonton Public elementary schools, eleven Edmonton Catholic elementary schools, four public junior high schools, three Catholic junior high schools. As well as two high schools J. Percy Page High School , and Holy Trinity Catholic High School . Edmonton Catholic Schools also operates an alternative outreach high school in Mill Woods. Previously, Mill Woods has also been home to
369-410: Is a two-year program, beginning in grade 11, and is designed to prepare students interested in post-secondary education with the skills and knowledge reflected in university programs. School Ranking, The school was originally designed to be a full circle with a courtyard in the middle, but because of lack of funding, poor spending, and lack of support the school was completed as a half circle. Within
410-463: Is disputed by the descendants of the Papaschase band. They brought a lawsuit for compensation against the government of Canada in 2001. The Supreme Court of Canada dismissed the lawsuit in 2008 on the grounds that the statute of limitations had expired. Mill Woods was named for Mill Creek , which bisects the northeast portion of the area, as well as the formerly wooded nature of the area. It
451-658: Is in line with the mock pastoral names generally chosen for suburban neighbourhoods. The aboriginal heritage of the area is reflected in the names of numerous neighbourhoods in Mill Woods. For example, the Satoo neighbourhood is named for Chief Satoo of the Cree people. Mill Woods comprises a town centre community ( Mill Woods Town Centre ) and eight surrounding communities ( Burnewood , Knottwood , Lakewood , Millbourne , Millhurst , Ridgewood , Southwood , and Woodvale ), which are each divided into multiple neighbourhoods. Millbourne
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#1732791850951492-742: Is located in the City of Chilliwack and is shared by nine bands. After the Royal Proclamation of 1763 but before Confederation in 1867, the Upper Canada Treaties (1764–1862 Ontario) and the Douglas Treaties (1850–1854 British Columbia) were signed. "Some of these pre-confederation and post-confederation treaties addressed reserve lands, hunting, fishing, trapping rights, annuities and other benefits." Governor James Douglas of British Columbia, which formally became
533-744: The Anishinaabe and the Swampy Cree tribes. Treaty 1 First Nations comprise the Brokenhead Ojibway Nation , Fort Alexander ( Sagkeeng First Nation ), Long Plain First Nation , Peguis First Nation , Roseau River Anishinabe First Nation , Sandy Bay First Nation and Swan Lake First Nation . The rights and freedoms of Canada's First Nations people have been governed by the Indian Act since its enactment in 1876 by
574-850: The Beaver Lake Cree Nation with two reserves or the Lenape people (in Canada incorporated as the Munsee-Delaware Nation ), who occupy Munsee-Delaware Nation Indian Reserve No. 1. This consists of three non-contiguous parcels of land totalling 1,054 ha (2,600 acres) within the Chippewas of the Thames First Nation 42 near Muncey, Ontario , which was formerly shared between them and the Chippewas of
615-580: The Driftpile First Nation , which like many bands, has only one reserve, Driftpile River 150 . The Bear River First Nation , who govern Bear River 6 , Bear River 6A and Bear River 6B , are one of many examples where a single government is responsible for more than one reserve. In 2003, 60 percent of status Indians lived on reserves. Of the 637,660 First Nations people who reported being Registered Indians, nearly one-half (49.3%) lived on an Indian reserve. This proportion varies across
656-555: The Hudson's Bay Company under its Charter with the British Crown from 1670 to 1870. Numerous aboriginal groups lived in the same territory and disputed the sovereignty of the area. The Dominion of Canada promised Britain to honour the provisions of the Royal Proclamation of 1763 to "negotiate with its Amerindians for the extinguishment of their title and the setting aside of reserves for their exclusive use." This promise led to
697-544: The Kashechewan First Nation reserve's drinking water and chlorine levels had to be increased to 'shock' levels, causing skin problems and eventually resulting in an evacuation of hundreds of people from the reserve and costing approximately $ 16 million." Holy Trinity Catholic High School (Edmonton) Holy Trinity Catholic High School is a high school located in Edmonton , Alberta , Canada in
738-543: The Minister of Crown–Indigenous Relations the right to "determine whether any purpose for which lands in a reserve are used is for the use and benefit of the band." Title to land within the reserve may be transferred to only the band or to individual band members. Reserve lands may not be seized legally, nor is the personal property of a band or a band member living on a reserve subject to "charge, pledge, mortgage, attachment, levy, seizure distress or execution in favour or at
779-829: The Numbered Treaties . Between 1871 and 1921, through Numbered Treaties with First Nations, the Canadian government gained large areas of land for settlers and for industry in Northwestern Ontario , Northern Canada and in the Prairies . The treaties were also called the Land Cession or Post-Confederation Treaties. Treaty 1 is an agreement established August 3, 1871, between the Crown and various First Nations in southeastern Manitoba , including
820-807: The Adjudicator's Choice Award at the Alberta International Band Festival (AIBF) in the year 2023. In March 2009, Trinity gave the very first renovation of the school, to only the Art Room, the Wood Shop Lab, the Music Room, and the Foods Lab. The foods lab received new advanced and innovative appliances and equipment. The Music Room was given a large expansion, with three practice rooms and three sinks, as well as
861-662: The Edmonton's primary display in the river valley. Each year around 60,000 people crowd the park for this event, which is the largest neighbourhood celebration in Canada. The total population of Mill Woods according to the City of Edmonton's 2012 municipal census is 78,322. The following is a population breakdown of Mill Woods by neighbourhood. There are two Edmonton Transit Service bus terminals: Lakewood Transit Centre , near Mill Woods Recreation Centre on 28 Avenue NW, and Mill Woods Transit Centre at Mill Woods Town Centre. Two freeways run by Mill Woods including, Whitemud Drive on
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#1732791850951902-485: The Mill Woods (South) Campus of MacEwan University . The Mill Woods Presidents' Council, community leagues throughout Mill Woods, and various corporate sponsors provide Canada Day celebrations in Mill Woods Park on July 1 of each year. It features free family entertainment including various musical performances, petting zoos, hay rides and other activities, and concludes with a fireworks display comparable with
943-482: The Parliament of Canada. The provisions of Section 91(24) of the Constitution Act, 1867 , provided Canada's federal government exclusive authority to legislate in relation to "Indians and Lands Reserved for Indians". Wikwemikong Unceded Reserve on Manitoulin Island is subject to the Indian Act provisions governing reserves even though its lands were never ceded to the Crown by treaty. The Indian Act gives
984-547: The Thames First Nation as a single parcel of land. Some reserves are shared by multiple bands, whether as fishing camps or educational facilities such as Pekw'Xe:yles , a reserve on the Fraser River used by 21 Indian bands that was formerly St. Mary's Indian Residential School and is an example of a reserve created in modern times. Another multi-band reserve of the Sto:lo peoples is Grass Indian Reserve No. 15 , which
1025-478: The area. The Mill Woods Development Concept was approved in March 1971. It envisioned eight communities and a town centre community. The plan envisioned having a population of approximately 120,000 people at full build-out, a number the area currently contains. Southeastern areas of Mill Woods suffered heavy damage from the Edmonton tornado in 1987. The designation of the original Papaschase reserve as abandoned
1066-582: The circle formed by these eight communities are the neighbourhoods of Mill Woods Park , Mill Woods Town Centre and Tawa . Together, these three neighbourhoods form a largely business and service core intended to allow Mill Woods to function as a self-contained community. Mill Woods contains Mill Woods Town Centre (a major shopping mall), the Grey Nuns Community Hospital , an Edmonton Fire Service station. It contains Edmonton Police Service 's Southeast Division headquarters; there
1107-410: The country. Many reserves have no resident population; typically they are small, remote, non-contiguous pieces of land, a fact which has led many to be abandoned, or used only seasonally (as a trapping territory , for example). Statistics Canada counts only those reserves which are populated (or potentially populated) as "subdivisions" for the purpose of the national census . For the 2011 census, of
1148-555: The courtyard of the school stands a 15 ft (4.6 m) statue of The Holy Trinity - images of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit. In recent years, the Holy Trinity Trojans have developed outstanding athletic programs which have seen much success with the three students that have partaken in our athletic programs. The music program has also achieved large success, with its grade 11/12 concert band music students winning
1189-464: The instance of any person other than an Indian or a band". While the act was intended to protect the Indian holdings, the limitations make it difficult for the reserves and their residents to obtain financing for development and construction, or renovation. To answer this need, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) has created an on-reserve housing loan program. Members of bands may enter into
1230-479: The land was then settled by Moravian Brethren from Germany and Russia . Some of it formed a short-lived communal farm in a community associated with the Bruederheim Moravian church. The City of Edmonton began assembling land in this area in 1970 as a means of addressing the shortage of and rising cost of serviced land in the vicinity of Edmonton, and City administrators prepared a plan to develop
1271-754: The major groupings of Indigenous peoples in Canada , after a contract with the Canadian state (" the Crown "), and are not to be confused with Indigenous peoples' claims to ancestral lands under Aboriginal title . A single "band" (First Nations government) may control one reserve or several, while other reserves are shared between multiple bands. In 2003, the Department of Indian and Northern Affairs stated there were 2,300 reserves in Canada, comprising 28,000 km (11,000 sq mi). According to Statistics Canada in 2011, there are more than 600 First Nations/Indian bands in Canada and 3,100 Indian reserves/First Nations reserves across Canada. Examples include
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1312-489: The minister of Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada . Reserve lands and the personal property of bands and resident band members are exempt from all forms of taxation except local taxation. Corporations owned by members of First Nations are not exempt, however. This exemption has allowed band members operating in proprietorships or partnerships to sell heavily taxed goods, such as cigarettes, on their reserves at prices considerably lower than those at stores off
1353-424: The more than 3,100 Indian reserves across Canada, there were only 961 Indian reserves classified as census subdivisions (including the six reserves added for 2011). Some reserves that were originally rural were gradually surrounded by urban development. Montreal, Vancouver and Calgary are examples of cities with urban Indian reserves . One band Chief and Council commonly administer more than one reserve, such as
1394-837: The north side and the Anthony Henday Drive on the south; both running east–west. Several arterial roads run in and around Mill Woods. Running north–south are 91 Street, 66 Street, 50 Street and 34 Street. Running east–west are the two freeways as well as 23 Avenue , and 34 Avenue . On November 4, 2023, the Valley Line of the Edmonton LRT system opened. It will add 3 stations in Mill Woods; Millbourne/Woodvale stop , at 38 Avenue NW and 66 Street NW, Grey Nuns stop at 66 Street NW and 31 Street NW, and Mill Woods stop at 28 Avenue and 62 Street NW. It connects Millwoods to Downtown Edmonton and will eventually connect all
1435-605: The provinces in the National Advisory Committee." Among other things, CEPA clarified the term "aboriginal land" in 3 (1): "The definitions in this subsection apply in this Act. "aboriginal land" means (a) reserves, surrendered lands and any other lands that are set apart for the use and benefit of a band and that are subject to the Indian Act ." Under sections 46–50 of the CEPA, Environment and Climate Change Canada 's National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI)
1476-591: The reserves. Most reserves are self-governed, within the limits already described, under guidelines established by the Indian Act . Due to treaty settlements, some Indian reserves are now incorporated as villages, such as Gitlaxt'aamiks , British Columbia, which like other Nisga'a reserves was relieved of that status by the Nisga'a Treaty . Similarly, the Indian reserves of the Sechelt Indian Band are now Indian government districts. Indian reserves play
1517-879: The southern neighbourhood of Mill Woods . It borders the Public High School of J. Percy Page , and the multi-recreational Mill Woods Park . In 2004, Holy Trinity was authorized by the International Baccalaureate Organization to offer both the IB Diploma Programme and the final year of the Middle Years Programme. The International Baccalaureate (IB) program was founded in Geneva, Switzerland and has 3044 schools in 132 countries. In Canada there are 268 IB World Schools. The IB Diploma program
1558-632: The way to Lewis Farms in West Edmonton. Indian reserve In Canada, an Indian reserve ( French : réserve indienne ) or First Nations reserve ( French : réserve des premières nations ) is defined by the Indian Act as a "tract of land, the legal title to which is vested in Her Majesty , that has been set apart by Her Majesty for the use and benefit of a band ." Reserves are areas set aside for First Nations , one of
1599-407: Was "the longest running drinking water advisory in Canada." Shoal Lake 40 First Nation was under an 18-year boil water advisory. By 2006, nearly 100 Indian reserves had boil-water advisories and many others had substandard water. Ḵwiḵwa̱sut'inux̱w Ha̱xwa'mis First Nation , on Vancouver Island , had a boil-water advisory beginning in 1997. In October 2005, "high E. coli levels were found in
1640-437: Was divided into the sub-communities of Leefield and North Millbourne before being divided into two neighbourhoods each. The communities within Mill Woods are connected by an arterial ring road, Mill Woods Road, along its east, south, and west extent and by 38 Avenue along its north extent. Smaller collector ring roads that intersect Mill Woods Road connect the multiple neighbourhoods typically found within each community. Within
1681-636: Was initiated. NPRI is the inventory of "pollutants released, disposed of and sent for recycling by facilities across the country". The NPRI is used by First Nation administrations on reserves, along with other research tools, to monitor pollution. For example, NPRI data showed the Aamjiwnaang First Nation in Sarnia, Ontario, was "ground zero for Ontario's heaviest load of air pollution." By December 21, 2017, there were 67 long-term boil-water advisories that had been in effect for longer than