46-565: Download coordinates as: Millmerran / m ɪ l ˈ m ɛr ən / , known as Domville between 1 June 1889 and 16 November 1894, is a town and a locality in the Toowoomba Region , Queensland , Australia. In the 2021 census , the locality of Millmerran had a population of 1,545 people. The town is on the Darling Downs , 208 kilometres (129 mi) west of the state capital, Brisbane . The Gore Highway passes through
92-634: A stump-capping ceremony was held for a Presbyterian church. On Friday 9 June 1922, St Andrew's Presbyterian Church was dedicated by the Right Reverend James Gibson, the Moderator-General of the Presbyterian Church of Australia . The architect F. H. Pepper of Sydney provided the design for free and much of the building work was undertaken by volunteers. St Joseph's School was opened on 16 February 1959 by
138-674: A characteristic veranda that extends around the house to varying extents but never entirely surrounds it. In later years, many have been renovated to enclose part or all of these verandas to create extra bedrooms. The under-house area is often also enclosed to provide extra living area to these houses, which leads to the common misconception that an authentic Queenslander has two storeys. The term has evolved to apply to many different types of structures found in Queensland, such as churches. The many and varied styles all share similar features, such as prominent exterior staircases, gabled roofs , and
184-467: A combined land and home package. These newer homes are usually made with a timber or metal frame, but with a brick veneer . The Queenslander, a "type" rather than a "style", is defined primarily by architectural characteristics of climate-consideration. They have been constructed in the popular styles of the time, including Colonial , Victorian , Federation , Arts and Crafts / Art Nouveau , Interwar styles, and post-World War II styles. The Queenslander
230-635: A large community centre complete with ballroom. The Millmerran Library is operated by the Toowoomba Regional Council . It is located on Herbert Street and is open three days a week (Tuesday, Thursday and Friday). St Andrew's Presbyterian Church is at 48 Campbell Street ( 27°52′37″S 151°16′12″E / 27.8770°S 151.2701°E / -27.8770; 151.2701 ( St Andrew's Presbyterian Church ) ). For visitors, there are two caravan parks and an independent camping area for self-contained travelers. There are
276-474: A number of parks in the locality: The Bi-Annual Australian Camp Oven Festival is a nationally known event attracting visitors from all over Australia. [REDACTED] Media related to Millmerran, Queensland at Wikimedia Commons Suburbs and localities (Australia) Suburbs and localities are the names of geographic subdivisions in Australia , used mainly for address purposes. The term locality
322-718: A process to formally define their boundaries and to gazette them, which is almost complete. In March 2006, only South Australia and the Northern Territory had not completed this process. The CGNA's Gazetteer of Australia recognises two types of locality: bounded and unbounded. Bounded localities include towns, villages, populated places, local government towns and unpopulated town sites, while unbounded localities include place names, road corners and bends, corners, meteorological stations, ocean place names and surfing spots. Sometimes, both localities and suburbs are referred to collectively as "address localities". In
368-459: A variety of innovative methods, including fanlights , ceiling roses , and alignment of doors and windows to allow uninterrupted air flow. The veranda is the most typical inclusion in the plan, and can be used day and night as a semiexternal living space. In Brisbane, many people have tables and chairs for dining and a daybed or sleepout on their verandas. Whirly birds placed on roofs allow for hot air to be drawn out of ceiling spaces. The roof
414-662: A “Queensland phenomenon.” There were some other timber companies in Queensland that had also adopted the concept of ready to build homes. Owing to their simplicity of construction, standardised designs were produced through the 1920s and 1930s. Despite these advantages, tastes changed and the style fell out of favour after the Second World War . The need for cheaper homes first had large verandas reduced to small landings. Subsequently, internal walls were no longer made of timber and were made of fibreboards, such as asbestos sheeting or fibre/gypsum panels. Additionally, after
460-407: Is a government primary and secondary (Prep–10) school for boys and girls at 19 Simmons Street ( 27°52′42″S 151°15′55″E / 27.8782°S 151.2654°E / -27.8782; 151.2654 ( Millmerran State School ) ). In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 295 students with 28 teachers (25 full-time equivalent) and 21 non-teaching staff (12 full-time equivalent). In 2018,
506-554: Is a large and visible presence externally, and was traditionally steeply pitched. They are of varied materials, including slate and tiles, but are most characteristically sheeted with corrugated steel. The steel roofs could withstand torrential rains and be reused if damaged by cyclonic winds. Typically, the Queenslander is suited to the warm temperate climates and the subtropical climate of Queensland of high rainfall and mild to hot, humid climate with average summer temperatures in
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#1732786597776552-408: Is also found in the northern parts of the adjacent state of New South Wales , and shares many traits with architecture in other states of Australia, but is distinct and unique. The form of the typical Queenslander-style residence distinguishes Brisbane's suburbs from other capital cities. The Queenslander is considered Australia's most iconic architectural style. This style developed in the 1840s and
598-518: Is an opportunity to give the community visual and or pedestrian access back to waterfronts as the density rises in their neighbourhood. Queenslander highrise practice gives architects ways to blend and celebrate undercrofts with lace and balustrade detailing. As white ant ( termites ) pose a serious problem in Queensland to timber dwellings, Queenslander buildings have stump caps (also known as ant caps ). These are metal plates placed on top of each stump shaped to make it difficult for white ants to reach
644-663: Is near a lookout commonly used by the local Jarowair Nation Aboriginal population prior to European settlement and the town's name is believed to be derived from two words – "meel" meaning "eye" and "merran" meaning "to look out". European settlement in the Millmerran area began in 1841 when the Gore brothers established the vast Yandilla station . Yandilla station covered an estimated 1,780 square kilometres (690 sq mi) and hosted its own school with 20 to 30 students, telegraph station and store. Closer settlement began after
690-456: Is popularly thought of as an "old" house, although Queenslanders are constructed today using modern styles, as well as "reproductions" of previous styles. Ashgrovian is the term coined for a variation of the Queenslander built between the late 1920s and World War II in the suburb of Ashgrove in Brisbane. The term Ashgrovian was coined from the prolific number of these dwellings constructed in
736-525: Is split between the City of Newcastle and City of Lake Macquarie LGAs; and Woodville , which is split between the City of Maitland and Port Stephens Council LGAs. In unincorporated areas , localities are declared by the relevant state authority. Stump-capping ceremony Queenslander architecture is a modern term for a type of residential housing, widespread in Queensland , Australia . It
782-413: Is still constructed today, displaying an evolution of local style. The term is primarily applied to residential construction, although some commercial and other types of construction are identified as Queenslander. The quintessential Queenslander is a single detached house made of timber with a corrugated iron roof located on a separate block of land. They are all high-set, single-storey dwellings with
828-486: Is the defining characteristic of the Queenslander type. The raising of the main living spaces off the ground can be seen as both a stylistic and practical device. There are many potential benefits and each home owner would have their own reasons for raising the house. The vertical "stumps", initially of timber, allow the building to "float" above the terrain. The building has a more imposing aesthetic when raised. Queenslanders all have this underfloor area that can used to cool
874-400: Is used in rural areas, while the term suburb is used in urban areas. Australian postcodes closely align with the boundaries of localities and suburbs. This Australian usage of the term "suburb" differs from common American and British usage, where it typically means a smaller, frequently separate residential community outside, but close to, a larger city. The Australian usage is closer to
920-642: The Bigambul people. The Bigambul language region includes the landscape within the local government boundaries of the Goondiwindi Regional Council , including the towns of Goondiwindi , Yelarbon and Texas extending north towards Moonie and Millmerran. The Giabal (also known as Paiamba, Gomaingguru) language region includes the landscape within the local government boundaries of the Toowoomba Regional Council , particularly Toowoomba south to Allora and west to Millmerran. Millmerran
966-519: The Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart . The Millmerran Library opened in 1998 with a major refurbishment in 2017. In the 2011 census , the locality of Millmerran had a population of 1,566 people. In the 2016 census , the locality of Millmerran had a population of 1,563 people. In the 2021 census , the locality of Millmerran had a population of 1,545 people. Millmerran State School
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#17327865977761012-472: The interwar period and was an adaptation of the Bungalow style which was popular in the early parts of the 20th century. Extremely popular with middle-income earners, these dwellings were almost always fronted with a grand gable roof, often surrounded by secondary smaller gables behind. The smaller gables usually sheltered verandas and sleepouts. A staircase almost always dominated the front yard leading to
1058-840: The American or British use of "district" or "neighbourhood", and can be used to refer to any portion of a city. Unlike the use in British or American English, this term can include inner-city, outer-metropolitan and industrial areas. Localities existed in the past as informal units, but in 1996 the Intergovernmental Committee on Surveying and Mapping and the Committee for Geographical Names in Australasia (CGNA) decided to name and establish official boundaries for all localities and suburbs. There has subsequently been
1104-483: The building through ventilation , however this feature will only cool the house under specific conditions more common in northern Queensland climates. Many Queenslanders are actually hotter due to this feature. Raising was often used as protection for houses in flood prone areas. Many colonial settlements were on flood planes to make use of the fertile soil, however the risk of flooding was much higher, especially before large dams were built. Raising allows for protection of
1150-403: The cool, dark spaces beneath the building. The underfloor area was sometimes decoratively screened at the perimeter with timber battens . There was also an antiquated belief (Miasma) at the time that tropical diseases were caused by prolonged exposure to 'bad air' close to the ground. Mosquitos tend to become less common farther from the ground (insect netting or window coverings were not common at
1196-438: The defining trait of being built on stumps, raising the structure from the traditional 2.8 m and varying in height depending on terrain. They are typically "tripartite" in sectional composition: underfloor (stumps), primary rooms (can be two levels), and roof. All have one or more veranda spaces, a sheltered edge of the building that is typically only partly enclosed and used as another living zone. This consideration for climate
1242-653: The event. The architect was Frank Cullen and the builders were Messrs A.D. Morris and Sons. The new church cost £20,500. The 1904 church building was retained as a church hall. St Alban's Anglican Church was dedicated in 1907. Its closure on 12 June 2007 was approved by Assistant Bishop Nolan. In 1911, the Millmerran railway line reached the town, which is served by the Millmerran railway station ( 27°52′30″S 151°16′08″E / 27.8750°S 151.2688°E / -27.8750; 151.2688 ( Millmerran railway station ) ). On Saturday 4 March 1922,
1288-438: The first instance, decisions about the names and boundaries of suburbs and localities are made by the local council in which they are located based on criteria such as community recognition. Local council decisions are, however, subject to approval by the state's geographical names board. The boundaries of some suburbs and localities overlap two or more local government areas (LGAs). Examples of this are Adamstown Heights , which
1334-482: The land is being developed. Certain elements of Queenslander house architecture can be found in some highrise buildings. Early highrise buildings had narrow balconies that were mostly used for cleaning the outside of windows. In Queensland, highrise balconies gradually evolved to become wide outdoor living spaces of the quality of verandas and the back decks of Queenslander houses and other old houses. Queensland's highrise buildings are finding new ways to hover above
1380-412: The landscape creating lush shaded undercrofts that extend public amenity, mature planting, habitat and flowpaths, shade, pools, gardens, decks, boardwalks and amenity connecting streets to waterfront through and under the highrise. Building supports give vertical elements to mimic rainforest trees in supporting ferns and vines that bring coolness to shaded undercrofts. Extending public access under high-rise
1426-466: The locality from the north-east ( Yandilla ) to the west ( Captains Mountain ). The Millmerran–Inglewood Road (State Route 82) runs to the south. State Route 82 enters Millmerran from the north-east concurrent with the Gore Highway. The Millmerran–Cecil Plains Road exits to the north. Bigambul (also known as Bigambal, Bigumbil, Pikambul, Pikumbul) is an Australian Aboriginal language spoken by
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1472-401: The main part of the building. However, accumulations of dirt or ants' nests can enable the caps to be traversed by the white ants, so regular inspections are needed to ensure the stump caps are in good condition and for early detection of white ant entry to the main structure. Not being built of stone or brick, Queenslander architecture cannot have a foundation stone . However, the desire for
1518-408: The main structure from termite and other pest attacks. The stumps help to overcome any variations in the terrain that would normally require earthworks to flatten for construction and allow for the natural flow of water across the terrain in the event of excessive rain and downpours. The underfloor space is often high enough for additional uses such as storage, a carport, or even as extra living area in
1564-459: The other options for home building - either working with an established builder or employing an architect. However, it would appear that “ready to erect” houses (or mill cut houses) were more suitable to the Queensland house than those constructed in other Australian states or climates. The companies that offered this product in Brisbane were primarily Brown and Broad of Newstead and Campbell Brothers of Creek Street Brisbane. Brown and Broad began
1610-487: The passing of the Crown Lands Alienation Act in 1876, which allowed Edward Walpole to select a portion of Yandilla station. In 1881, Walpole established a general store on the site of what was known at the time as Back Creek. A postal receiving office was opened with that name on 8 July 1883. It was elevated to the status of a post office , and the name changed to Domville, on 1 June 1889. The name
1656-491: The range of 23–36 °C (73–97 °F). However, the type is found across the state and outside of Queensland, in both colder and hotter locations, usually with adaptations to suit. With timber plentiful and the preferred building material in Queensland after 1900, a new product emerged to fill the need for housing stock – “Ready to Erect” homes provided by timber merchants with all of the pieces already pre-cut and readily available for ordering. The homes were cheaper than
1702-541: The school had an enrolment of 323 students with 28 teachers (24 full-time equivalent) and 23 non-teaching staff (13 full-time equivalent). St Joseph's School is a Catholic primary (Prep–6) school for boys and girls at 25 Walpole Street ( 27°52′21″S 151°16′18″E / 27.8725°S 151.2716°E / -27.8725; 151.2716 ( St Joseph's School ) ). In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 64 students with 8 teachers (5 full-time equivalent) and 6 non-teaching staff (3 full-time equivalent). In 2018,
1748-533: The school had an enrolment of 59 students with 6 teachers (5 full-time equivalent) and 6 non-teaching staff (3 full-time equivalent). For secondary education to Year 12, the nearest school is in Pittsworth 43.5 kilometres (27.0 mi) away. Millmerran also has a vibrant town centre with two large grocery outlets, two large hardware stores, a bakery, a 24-bed public hospital, medical centre, modern large equipped sports centre and Olympic-sized swimming pool, and
1794-399: The time). Another advantage of being constructed on stumps is that the buildings are highly adaptive. Raising, lowering, reorienting, or completely relocating Queenslanders is relatively easy. The main living areas of the house, being raised from the terrain, are a series of rooms on a platform floor. Traditionally, planning and fenestration encouraged cross-ventilation for passive cooling in
1840-417: The traditional ceremony of laying a foundation stone, particularly for churches and other community buildings, evolved a new tradition in Queenslander buildings of a stump-capping ceremony, where an ant cap was ceremonially affixed to one or more stumps. Since an ant cap cannot have a commemorative message (unlike a foundation stone), sometimes a plaque or other method of commemoration was subsequently added to
1886-421: The unique 'tin and timber' character of neighbourhoods and towns dominated by Queenslander architecture. While master-planned housing estates are indistinguishable from those in other states, many custom-built homes are designed in a more modern version of the Queenslander style, particularly holiday houses in coastal areas. Many Queenslander-style homes are being removed/relocated to save them from demolition when
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1932-536: The veranda, which in later years was commonly filled in to form extra rooms. Other late additions included projecting bay or box-seat windows usually centrally located in the front of the house. Many old Queenslander buildings, both residential and commercial, have been demolished to make way for more modern buildings, particularly in the inner urban area of Brisbane, contributing to Brisbane's gentrification . However, community awareness of urban heritage has had local governments implement conservation measures to protect
1978-427: The war, surplus military earthmoving equipment became common and preparing sites for construction was then possible and the relative cheapness of construction on stumps diminished. Land availability decreased and preferences moved towards lower-maintenance types of housing. These factors led to the adoption in Queensland, as elsewhere, of the ubiquitous "modern" American style, usually a single level and usually sold as
2024-426: The “ready to erect” home building phase, with their products announced in 1915. The motto of the company was “Houses built in half the time.” However, their catalogues also emphasized reliability and quality, and the fact that their tradesman were all expert in their own trade. By 1922, the ready to build homes had spread to northern New South Wales, with an indication that this “ready to build” product may be
2070-442: Was again changed to Millmerran on 16 November 1894. (Today, Domville is a rural locality south of Milmerran.) On Sunday 27 November 1904, St Francis de Sales Catholic Church was officially opened and blessed by Reverend Father Potter. The building was 30 by 20 feet (9.1 by 6.1 m) and was designed by architects Messrs Wallace and Gibson of Warwick . It was built in cypress pine by contractors Messrs Mabbit and Silver. The church
2116-466: Was on a 1 acre (0.40 ha) site, half of which was donated by Mr Walpole and the other purchased by the committee. The total cost of the cost was £255. On Sunday 7 November 1952, Bishop Joseph Roper blessed and laid the foundation stone for a new church building. On Sunday 6 July 2915, Roper returned to bless and officially open the new church building which was 85 by 53 feet (26 by 16 m) and capable of seating 300 people. Over 1,000 people attended
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