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45-669: The Vilyuy and its tributaries Ulakhan-Botuobuya , Chirkuo , Ulakhan-Vava , Lakharchana , Sen , Chona and Akhtaranda —with the Alymdya and Olguydakh , including the Vakunayka and the Killemtine , are the main rivers in the district. Average January temperature ranges from −32 °C (−26 °F) in the south to −40 °C (−40 °F) in the north. July's average temperature ranges from +14 °C (57 °F) to +16 °C (61 °F). The average annual precipitation

90-402: A 28.65 carat pink diamond . The largest pink diamond previously mined by Alrosa weighed 3.86 carats, one of a total of only three others that the company has mined of over two carats each during the past eight years. The gem is reported to be of jewelry quality, measuring 22.47 x 15.69 x 10.9 millimetres, with a saturated pink tone and practically no defects, according to Alrosa. The pink diamond

135-650: A subsidiary of Tiffany & Co. According to the terms of the three-year trade agreement Tiffany & Co. can annually purchase rough diamonds worth at least 60 million U.S. dollars. ALROSA actively supports Russian government bodies in their efforts to achieve the goals and implement the requirements of the Kimberley Process by various means, including taking a strong and principled position to not supply rough diamonds to legal entities and individual business people if they: Document trail showed that Alrosa's Luxembourg-registered subsidiary Alrosa Finance

180-691: Is a business unit of ALROSA located in Western Yakutia. The division develops the Udachnaya and Zarnitsa kimberlite pipes, Dellyuvialnaya and Ruchey Piropovy placer deposits. Its share in ALROSA Group’s production totaled 11% in 2016. Diamond output at the Udachny Mining and Processing Division (MPD) in 2016 amounted to 3.8 million carats. The Nyurba Mining and Processing Division (MPD) The Nyurba Mining and Processing Division (MPD)

225-489: Is about 250–300 millimeters (9.8–11.8 in). The Vilyuy River basin was believed to contain mineral deposits at least as early as the 19th century, with Richard Maack reporting after an expedition to the area that the area was rich in iron, salt deposits, and precious stones. He described a nest of blue clay in the area between the Vilyuy and Malaya Bituobiya Rivers, but as kimberlites had not yet been discovered there

270-580: Is connected with Yakutsk by the means of the Vilyuy Highway . As of the 1989 Census , the ethnic composition was as follows: Vilyuy River The Vilyuy (Russian: Вилю́й , IPA: [vʲɪˈlʲʉj] ; Yakut : Бүлүү , Bülüü , IPA: [bylyː] ) is a river in Russia , the longest tributary of the Lena . About 2,650 kilometres (1,650 mi) long, it flows mostly within

315-647: Is critical to the Yakutia economy. On 28 October 2013, the company carried out the IPO . The Russian government and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) sold a combined 14% stake (in equal shares), while Alrosa offered about 2% in treasury stock . U.S. investors were the biggest buyers of the shares, purchasing up to 60% of the stake, 24% got European investors, Russian investors accounted for about 14%. Investment funds Oppenheimer Funds Inc. and Lazard Ltd. took part in

360-617: Is developing the following deposits: Mir (temporarily shut down) and International kimberlite pipes, Vodorazdelnye Galechniki, Irelyakh and Gornoye placer deposits, and Tailings of Processing Plant No. 5 (technogenic deposit). The Aykhal Mining and Processing Division (MPD) The Aykhal Mining and Processing Division (MPD) was established in 1986 and mines diamonds at the following deposits: Jubilee and Komsomolsky open-pits, Aykhal underground mine. Its share in ALROSA Group’s production exceeded 30% in 2017. Udachny Mining and Processing Division (MPD) Udachny Mining and Processing Division (MPD)

405-738: Is one of the most high-performance industrial companies in the Republic of Angola. It is the first mining company in Angolan history that started the large-scale mining of the Catoca kimberlite pipe (the Luanda Sul Province), one of the largest diamond primary deposits – the fourth largest in the world. Open Joint Stock Company ALROSA (Russia) owns 32.8% of the Catoca Ltd. shares. Public Joint Stock Company ALROSA-Nyurba The company

450-688: Is one of the youngest enterprises of ALROSA. It operates at the Nakyn ore field. It develops the following deposits: Nyurbinsky and Botuobinsky open-pits, and two homonymous alluvial placers. Its share in ALROSA Group's production totaled 19% in 2017. Diamond output at the Nyurba Mining and Processing Division (MPD) in 2017 totaled 7.7 million carats. OJSC Almazy Anabara The company was established in January 1998 as LLC Almazy Anabara for

495-529: Is the first and only specialized rating in Russia of companies whose geography of activities affects the Arctic zone of Russia. According to the results of the research conducted by PwC in 2017, ALROSA is an absolute leader among diamond mining companies in terms of investments in social programs directing to social spending on average 2.8% of its revenue (while the respective average level for other participants of

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540-619: The Luanda Sul Province on the basis of the Catoca kimberlite pipe takes place through Sociedade Mineira de Catoca (Catoca Ltd.), the largest diamond producer in Central Africa , 32,8% shares owned by Alrosa. Mirny Mining and Processing Division (MPD) Mirny Mining and Processing Division (MPD) was founded in 1957 and is the oldest division of ALROSA. Its share in ALROSA Group’s production totaled 18% in 2017. Mirny MPD

585-654: The Russian submarine B-871 , named "Alrosa" since 2004. This serves the goals of both upholding the Russian Navy and providing Yakutian youths a military alternative to crime, drugs and alcoholism. In 2008, Alrosa acquired a license to mine, process and store uranium . In 2009, it partnered with Rosatom , the nuclear state company of Russia. In 2011, Alrosa was reorganized as an open joint-stock company with free float of Alrosa's shares on financial markets . In July 2007, Verkhne-Munskoye diamond field in Yakutia

630-561: The Sakha Republic . Its basin covers about 454,000 square kilometres (175,000 sq mi). The river is first mentioned in the 17th century in connection with the Russian conquest of Siberia . In 1634, Russian Cossacks , headed by Voin Shakhov, established a winter settlement at the confluence of the rivers Vilyuy and Tyukyan . This settlement served as the administrative center of the area for several decades, after which it

675-578: The Arctic Circle. In 2021, the company's revenue in Russia amounted to 262 billion rubles. In 2022, in response to Russia's invasion of Ukraine , several countries moved to implement economic sanctions against several Russian-based companies, individuals and financial institutions. On February 24, 2022, US President Joe Biden announced sanctions against Alrosa. However, the diamond-cutting companies of Antwerp , Belgium, keep importing from Alrosa although at lower volume. On January 3, 2024,

720-651: The Djomolungma and Chimyan was discovered, and in 1969, the International kimberlite pipe. In 1963, the first sales contracts between the USSR and De Beers group were signed. In 2009 this cooperation was brought to an end as contrary to European Union competition laws in compliance with a decision of the European Commission . Now Alrosa independently distributes its rough diamond production on

765-553: The EU's earlier prohibition, effective from January 1, 2024 on the import, purchase, or transfer of Russian non-industrial natural and synthetic diamonds and diamond jewelry. As of 2017 ALROSA was the sector's largest public diamond mining company. Its public float is 34%, with 33% owned by the Russian Federation. The Company’s market capitalization was RUB 553 billion in 2017 (US$ 9.6 billion). On 13 March 2017, Sergey Ivanov

810-530: The European Union imposed sanctions on Alrosa, and its CEO, Pavel Marinychev, as part of its "unwavering commitment" to Ukraine in the conflict against Russia. Alrosa, responsible for approximately 90% of Russia's diamond production, saw its assets in Europe frozen, with EU citizens and companies prohibited from providing funds to the company. Pavel Marinychev, faced a travel ban in Europe. This move followed

855-635: The IPO and bought over 2% of the stake. Alrosa raised $ 1.3 billion in share sales. In 2016, Alrosa was ranked as being among the 12th best of 92 oil, gas, and mining companies on indigenous rights in the Arctic. In 2017, ALROSA implemented over 500 social and charitable initiatives. Over 70% of all initiatives were implemented in Yakutia – ALROSA's key region where the company conducts its core business. These initiatives are partially implemented through nonprofit organization "Target Fund for Future Generations of

900-633: The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)", in which the company has invested over 4.5 bln rubles for the whole period of cooperation since 2011. That year, ALROSA was ranked among the top three in the environmental responsibility rating of the Russian mining and smelting companies. The rating was developed by the World Wildlife Fund, United Nations Development Programme, Global Environment Facility, and the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of

945-504: The Russian Federation. In June 2017, Memorandum of Cooperation between PJSC ALROSA and Gem & Jewelry Export Promotion Council (GJEPC) was signed in the scope of India-Russia Summit with the participation of the Russian President Vladimir Putin and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi. In June 2017, ALROSA entered Top-5 of companies with sustainable development, according to "Polar Index". “Polar Index”

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990-566: The Sakha Republic. Mirninsky District was established on January 12, 1965, after large-scale diamond mining was started in the area and associated industries began to grow. Within the framework of administrative divisions , Mirninsky District is one of the thirty-four in the republic. It is divided into two towns (administrative divisions with the administrative centers in the towns (inhabited localities) of Mirny and Udachny ), four settlements (administrative divisions with

1035-730: The Soviet and later Russia friendly expert who cuts and polishes the gems is Lev Leviev of Africa Israel Investments (AFI) . Alrosa closed joint-stock company was set up according to Presidential Decree №158C of the President of Russia " On the Establishment of the Almazy Rossii-Sakha Joint Stock Company " signed on 19 February 1992, based on NPO Yakutalmaz , a former USSR state-owned diamond mining company. In 1997, Alrosa started sponsoring

1080-658: The USSR. Expeditions were organized in the basins of the Yenisei River and in the Ural Mountains . The Ural expedition proved the more successful, finding small, but commercially viable deposits. An additional government decree signed by Stalin in 1946 announced further exploration for diamonds, with expeditions mounted from Irkutsk into the region of the Yenisei River . The first officially recorded discovery of diamonds in Yakutia (the present-day Sakha Republic )

1125-749: The Yakutalmaz group of companies was established with headquarters in Mirny . The first commercial-grade diamonds were recovered the same year. Two years later, the Soviet Union sold the first shipment of diamonds on the world market. For the most part during the Soviet period, the diamond mining industry developed on the basis of the Mir open-pit mine and adjacent alluvial deposits. In those years its main open-pit mines, processing plants and related energy generating facilities were put into operation. In 1960,

1170-433: The administrative centers in the urban-type settlements (inhabited localities) of Aykhal , Almazny , Chernyshevsky , and Svetly ), and three rural okrugs ( naslegs ), all of which comprise eight rural localities . As a municipal division , the district is incorporated as Mirninsky Municipal District . Within the municipal district, the two towns and the four settlements are incorporated into six urban settlements, and

1215-421: The afternoon of 17 January 1991 to obtain very large loans from Persian Gulf states to prevent the collapse of the Soviet banking system. However, Gerashenko could not obtain loans but Yevgeny Primakov and Thomas Alibegov did obtain loans but not enough so schemes involving diamond trades would be pursued to obtain additional credits. Using uncut diamonds for loans was not as profitable as using cut gems and

1260-787: The diamond concentrators. The Vilyuy has its sources in the Vilyuy Plateau , part of the Central Siberian Plateau , in the Evenkiysky District ( Krasnoyarsk Krai ) and, flowing east, soon enters Sakha. It turns towards the south and southeast in the Central Yakutian Lowland , then back towards the east, and finally enters the Lena about 350 kilometres (220 mi) downstream of Yakutsk , near Sangar . The Ust-Vilyuy Range rises above

1305-558: The explored deposits under the National Reserves Committee standards it was 1,182 million carats ) accounting for 95% of total Russian stocks of raw materials. Alrosa is actively engaged in the exploration of new fields. Its assets have a number of new deposits in Western Yakutia. Alrosa is also launching prospecting and exploration works in Angola and Botswana . Alrosa operates in the Republic of Angola. Mining in

1350-603: The facing bank of the Lena , opposite the mouth of the Vilyuy. To the west of the Vilyuy and Chona is the Nizhnyaya Tunguska basin. The Vilyuy basin is sparsely populated. Small settlements along the river include Vilyuysk , Verkhnevilyuysk , Suntar , Ekonda and Nyurba . The main tributaries of the Vilyuy are the Ulakhan-Vava , Chirkuo , Chona , Chybyda , Ulakhan-Botuobuya , Ochchuguy-Botuobuya , Tangnary , Kempendyay , Tonguo and Bappagay on

1395-480: The first primary deposit of diamonds in the Soviet Union , the kimberlite pipe Zarnitsa , was found. In 1955 the Mir kimberlite pipe and the Udachnaya pipe were discovered. A total of fifteen primary diamond sources were found in 1955. In 1957, a decision was made to begin mining and production operations on alluvial and ore deposits in Yakutia . To manage the facility's construction and subsequent operations,

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1440-654: The purpose of alluvial diamond mining in the Anabar ulus (far north-west of Yakutia). In August 2004, it was reorganized into OJSC Almazy Anabara. SC Almazy Anabara is one of the leading companies in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). It has been a wholly owned subsidiary of ALROSA since 2007. In 2017, Almazy Anabara and Nizhne-Lenskoye (its subsidiary company acquired in 2013) produced 5.2 million carats of rough diamonds; its share with Nizhne-Lenskoye in ALROSA Group’s production totaled 13% in 2017. Sociedade Mineira de Catoca (Catoca Ltd.) Sociedade Mineira de Catoca (Catoca Ltd.)

1485-690: The rating is about 0.5%). In January 2018, ALROSA was ranked 10th among corporations in Russia in terms of corporate transparence with an index of 6.0 out of a maximum of 10.0 (with the overall index for Russia being 2.6), according to the study "Transparency in Corporate Reporting", prepared by Transparency International - Russia. In 2021, ALROSA was ranked no. 53 in the Arctic Environmental Responsibility Index (AERI) that covers 120 oil, gas, and mining companies involved in resource extraction north of

1530-532: The right; and the Sen , Lakharchana , Akhtaranda , Ygyatta , Markha , Tyukyan , Kosmos [1] and Tyung on the left. Vilyuy is associated with geological formations Yakutsk-Vilyuy Rift (Vilyuy Rift Basin) and Yakutsk-Vilyuy LIP ( large igneous province ), also known as Vilyuy Traps. ALROSA Alrosa ( Russian : АЛРОСА ) is a Russian group of diamond mining companies that specialize in exploration, mining, manufacture, and sale of diamonds. The company leads

1575-575: The territory of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) Alrosa has four mining and processing divisions - Mirny, Aykhal, Udachny, Nyurba. The rest of deposits are developing through subsidiaries: OJSC Alrosa-Nyurba, JSC Diamonds Anabara and JSC Severalmaz. The reserves owned by ALROSA Group according to the standards of the State Reserves Committee totaled 1,171,951.7 thousand carats in C1+C2 categories as of January 1, 2018 (taking into account

1620-441: The three rural okrugs are incorporated into three rural settlements. The town of Mirny serves as the administrative center of both the administrative and municipal district. *Administrative centers are shown in bold The economy of the district is mostly based on mining. Natural resources include diamonds, oil, gas, and brown coal. Diamond mining is mostly carried out by ALROSA company and its subsidiaries. Mirninsky District

1665-535: The world in diamond mining by volume. Mining takes place in Western Yakutia , the Arkhangelsk region , and Africa . Alrosa is Russia's leading diamond mining and distribution company, accounting for 95% of Russian diamond production and 27% of global diamond extraction. The company's headquarters are located in Mirny ( Sakha Republic ) and Moscow . The history of Alrosa dates back to 1954, when

1710-683: The world market. Through 1980, the rapid development of primary deposits continued in Aykhal township on the basis of the Jubilee pipe and in Udachny town. Today the Udachny open-pit mine is one of the largest open-pit mines in the world. Because the Soviet Union was very heavily indebted in the late 1980s, Viktor Vladimirivich Gerashchenko and six others travelled among Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and others from September 1990 until

1755-447: Was discovered with an estimated value of about $ 3.5 billion. In August 2009, during the recent financial crisis , Prime Minister Vladimir Putin announced the Russian government , via Gokhran , would buy $ 1 billion in uncut diamonds from Alrosa. This was to support the Russian diamond mining industry while avoiding saturation in the global diamond market and thus further depression of diamond prices. The diamond mining industry

1800-531: Was elected as the president of ALROSA. Since 11 January 2018, senior leadership position was renamed into "chief executive officer - chairman of the executive committee". The main production facilities are currently concentrated mainly in Western Yakutia and the Arkhangelsk region . In total Alrosa is developing 27 fields. The Company has a diversified production base consisting of 11 primary and 16 alluvial deposits. Primary deposits are developed both open-pit , alluvial operations and underground mining . On

1845-866: Was established in 1997. It holds the mining licenses for the Nyurbinskoye and Botuobinskoye primary deposits, and same-name placers closely associated with pipes. ALROSA owns 97,48% of interest in PJSC ALROSA-Nyurba which operates in the Nyurba District of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The operator of the ALROSA-Nyurba development and mining projects, under the services agreement, is Nyurba Mining & Processing Division (MPD) of ALROSA. Share of Nyurba MPD in ALROSA Group’s production totaled 20% in 2017. On 21 September 2017, TASS news agency reported Alrosa's most expensive gem to date,

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1890-462: Was made in 1949 on an expedition along the Vilyuy. Initially, discoveries centered on placer deposits , which did not uncover the enormous primary deposits in the form of kimberlite pipes. The first kimberlite deposit, Zarnitsa mine , was discovered on August 21, 1954. Further exploration in 1955 found over fifteen primary deposits, including the largest pipes at Udachny and Mirny . Over two hundred kimberlite pipes have since been identified in

1935-584: Was mined by subsidiary Almazy Anabara, which operates the Severalmaz kimberlite pipes and placer deposits near riverways in the northwest part of Yakutia . Alrosa's trading policy is regulated by the Regulations on Procedures and Conditions of Selling Natural Diamonds drafted jointly with Federal Antimonopoly Service of Russia (FAS). In 2012, Alrosa signed a long-term agreement for the supply of rough diamonds with Belgium's Laurelton Diamondsa Inc.,

1980-606: Was moved to the Yolyonnyokh area 45 kilometers (28 mi) down by the Vilyuy, where the ostrog (fortified settlement) of Olensk (now Vilyuysk) was founded in 1773. In the 1950s, diamond deposits were discovered in the area, about 700 kilometres (430 mi) from its mouth. This led to the construction of the Mir Mine , together with access roads and an airport, and the Vilyuy Dam complex to generate power needed for

2025-515: Was no official attention. Around the beginning on the 20th century, a number of scientists and geologists noted similarities between parts of the Central Siberian Plateau and areas in South Africa , where exploitation of primary diamond deposits had already begun. In 1937, the Soviet government began to greatly increase effort to produce diamonds on its own territory, due in part to some other diamond-producing nations being unwilling to sell to

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