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28-677: The district of Mueda is bordered by Mtwara Region to the north by the Tanzania atarvés of the river Rovuma, to the west by the district of Mecula in the province of Niassa , to the south by the districts of Montepuez and Meluco , and to the east by the districts of Muidumbe , Mocimboa da Praia and Nangade . According to the Census of 2007, the district has 113,742 inhabitants and an area of 14,150 km. 11°38′S 39°37′E  /  11.633°S 39.617°E  / -11.633; 39.617 This Mozambique location article

56-434: A quarter of this is cultivated. The average farm size per rural home (169,482 households - 1988 Census) is projected to be 1.5 ha, with an average of 4.4 people. Mechanization and oxenization of farms are still developing. In this area, the hand hoe is the most popular agricultural implement. Cassava , millet, and sorghum are all important food crops, with maize only recently gaining popularity. The most important cash crop in

84-429: A thick texture. The second zone extends west of the coastal sediments geologically. Gneisses and granulites make up this zone of pre-cambrian basement rocks. The soils in this basement are diverse. To the north of Masasi town, there are deep, well-drained red clays. These are the best soils in the area since they are most suited to the region's upland crops. Course-grained sandy soils are common south of Masasi. The region

112-619: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Mtwara Region Mtwara Region ( Mkoa wa Mtwara in Swahili ) is one of Tanzania 's 31 administrative regions , with its capital as the municipality of Mtwara . Mtwara Region is home to one of the most infuluential people in Tanzania, the Makonde . Mtwara is home to Tanzania's 4th president Benjamin Mkapa and is home to a number of influential artists. The boundary with Mozambique to

140-439: Is fordable in many places in the dry season . At its mouth it is about 1 mile (1.6 km) wide. The lower Ruvuma, which is often 1 ⁄ 2 mile (0.8 km) wide but generally shallow, flows through a swampy valley flanked by plateau escarpments containing several small backwaters of the river. The mouth is near 10° 28′ S, 40° 30′ E , the boundary near the coast being formed by the parallel of 10° 40′ S . The length of

168-574: Is located at Negomano, 200 km (120 mi) inland and 100 km (62 mi) from the nearest surfaced road in Mozambique. The site was agreed between Presidents Machel and Nyerere because this was the site of the first entry into Mozambique by Frelimo forces in the Mozambican War of Independence on 25 September 1964. Negomano was also the location where the German forces crossed

196-448: Is mostly for export and predictably, only a small portion of the yield is consumed. The Mtwara Region is officially recognized as the country's leading cashew nut grower, producing roughly half of the country's output. Newala district produces more over half of the region's cashewnut harvest. Masasi comes in second with a 29 percent contribution, and Mtwara district comes in last with a 19 percent average contribution. The mining industry in

224-698: Is named after the Mbagala River located in Mtwara Region. In 1948, the British Government formulated the " Tanganyika groundnut scheme " through the Overseas Food Corporation (OFC). The purpose was to alleviate the worldwide shortage of vegetable oils. However, inadequate research and adverse environmental conditions due to poor planning resulted in the complete and disastrous failure of the scheme. In this region,

252-527: Is separated into two sections in terms of topography. The coastal plain's landforms are complicated. Second, at 300mm to 400mm, the Makonde Plateau dominates the basement plain. It's mostly low-lying, with scattered rocky outcroppings and steep riverbanks. The western part, which is beyond the Makonde Plateau, flows to the south via the Ruvuma River's tributaries. The Makonde Plateau is drained by

280-490: The swamps to the south of this being separated from Chilwa only by a narrow wooded ridge. The stream which issues from Chiuta passes by a swampy valley into the narrow Lake Amaramba, from which the Lujenda River finally issues as a stream 80 yards (73 m) wide. Lower down it varies greatly in breadth, containing in many parts long wooded islands which rise above the flood level, and are often inhabited. The river

308-709: The Makonde made up 60% of the region. The second-largest group in terms of the territory is the Makua people, who are native to Nanyumbu and Masasi Districts. The Yao are native to parts of Tandahimba District. Since 1988, the region has been facing mass migration as younger people seek economic opportunities in Dar es Salaam creating a vibrant Makonde community in Temeke District of Dar es Dalaam especially in Mbagala , which

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336-455: The Maombi and Mbuo rivers. Mtwara, like the rest of Tanzania, is mostly a farming community. Farming is the main source of income for the region's residents. Agribusiness employs over 92 percent of the population, in addition to other rural activities such as fishing, beekeeping, and small-scale manufacturing. Arable land makes up about 85 percent of the region's total area. However, only about

364-619: The Masasi district. Mtwara Region is divided into two towns (Mtwara Municipal and Masasi Town) and seven districts , each administered by a council: 2022-2027 (Ambassador of Mtwara) Ruvuma River (Period: 1971–2000)2,286.3 m /s (80,740 cu ft/s) Ruvuma River , formerly also known as the Rovuma River , is a river in the African Great Lakes region. During the greater part of its course, it forms

392-891: The Mtwara district ranges from 935 mm to 1160 mm in the highlands and plateau. At Masasi Mission, the rainfall is 893 mm, whereas at Newala, it is 1001 mm. It also ranges between Mtopwa and Lukwika Mission, ranging from 1133 mm to 832 mm. Similarly, the highest monthly mean temperature at Mtwara on the seashore in December is 27 degrees Celsius, while the lowest monthly mean temperature is 23 degrees Celsius in July. In Mtwara, relative humidity ranges from 87 percent in March to 79 percent in October. Inland, temperatures and humidity are lower. Soils are determined by geology. There are two geological zones in

420-547: The Rovuma River ( 11°9′53.9532″S 39°15′37.8072″E  /  11.164987000°S 39.260502000°E  / -11.164987000; 39.260502000 ), UNH-GRDC historical period (1957–1999): (m /s) The largest tributaries of the Rovuma River: tributary tributary (km) (km ) (m /s) The lower Ruvuma river is formed by the junction at 11° 25′ S, 38° 31′ E of two branches of nearly equal importance,

448-515: The Rovuma river on 25 November 1917. First foundation stones were laid on the Tanzanian and Mozambique sides on October 10, 2005. Construction was completed early 2010 and cost US$ 28 million. It used to be possible to cross the river with rafts (located at the Tanzanian side) that could carry 3 jeeps. The ferry sank in 2008 and has not been replaced. At low water the river is sometimes fordable with

476-477: The Ruvuma is about 500 miles (800 km). A bridge called Unity Bridge across the river between Mozambique and Tanzania was proposed as early as 1975, and although construction was started, the project was abandoned due to lack of funds. In 2002 the two national governments made a formal agreement to build a new 600 metre bridge across the river, and this was finally opened in a ceremony on 25 May 2010. The bridge

504-404: The area is cashew nuts, followed by groundnuts and sesame. Because livestock rearing is not a common practice among the people of the region, its economic contribution is negligible. The cashew nut crop, which accounts for about 25% of the region's GDP, is one of Mtwara's significant contributors. The Mtwara Region produces 40% of the country's cashew nut production. Tanzanian cashew nut production

532-531: The border between Tanzania and Mozambique . The river is 998 km (620 mi) long, with a drainage basin of ~155,000 km (60,000 sq mi) in size. Its mean annual discharge is 475 m /s (16,800 cu ft/s) to 2,286 m /s (80,700 cu ft/s) at its mouth. Average and maximum discharge of the Rovuma River ( 11°9′53.9532″S 39°15′37.8072″E  /  11.164987000°S 39.260502000°E  / -11.164987000; 39.260502000 ): Average monthly discharge of

560-983: The country. In comparison, Mtwara is slightly smaller than the African nation of Eswatini at 17,230 square kilometers. Mtwara's central area is of high elevation, home to the Makonde plateau with Mtwara Region's highest point being Masasi peak at 837 meters above sea level. The largest and longest river in Mtwara Region is the Ruvuma River which is fed by the Mbangala River within the region as one of Ruvuma's many tributaries. The rainy season, which runs from November/December to April/May, has only one peak. The storm's peak typically occurs in January, but may also occur in February or March. The overall amount of annual precipitation varies with altitude. Rainfall in

588-566: The exported crop was to go through the port of Mtwara. This port was created for the scheme; it was linked to the growing areas near Nachingwea by a new railway. Mtwara was part of Lindi Region until 1971. Mtwara is both the most eastern and southern region in the country. The region is located between 10 and 11 degrees south of the Equator. Mtwara is the third smallest region after Dar es Salaam Region and Kilimanjaro Region at 16,710 km (6,450 sq mi), only occupying about 1.9% of

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616-503: The longer of which, the Lujenda , comes from the south-west, the other, which still bears the name Ruvuma, from the west. Its source lies on an undulating plateau, 1,000 m (3,300 ft) high, immediately to the east of Lake Nyasa , at 10° 45′ S, 35° 40′ E , the head-stream flowing first due west before turning south and east. In its eastward course, the Ruvuma flows near the base of the escarpment of an arid sandstone plateau to

644-518: The north, from which direction the streams, which have cut themselves deep channels in the plateau edge, have almost all short courses. On the opposite bank the Ruvuma receives, besides the Lujenda, the Msinje River and Luchulingo River , flowing in broad valleys running from south to north. The Lujenda rises in proximity to Lake Chilwa , in the small Lake Chiuta (520 m, 1,700 ft),

672-539: The region has a bright future. On a limited scale, 35 minerals have been discovered and mined. The Masasi District has been mining sapphire , christalbella, alexandrite, tourmaline, and rhodolite since 1995. Mtwara Region is home to the Mnazi Bay-Ruvuma Estuary Marine Park that is one of the largest marine parks in the country. The marine park is a sanctuary for breeding Humpback whales . Forest reserves occupy about 8.33 percent of

700-415: The region's 1,672,000 ha of land. This area is 139,295 hectares. Masasi district has the greatest amount of forest cover in the region. The central government manages 130,545 hectares of forest reserves. This equates to 93.7 percent. District councils possess another 8,749 hectares, or 6.3 percent of total forest reserves. In total, there are 16 forest reserves in the region. The majority of them are located in

728-671: The region's 1.2 percent average annual population growth rate was the 26th highest in the country. It was also the fourteenth most densely populated region with 76 people per square kilometer. The native peoples of the Mtwara Region are the Makonde , the Yao and the Makua . The Makonde are the dominant ethnic group in Mtwara Region and are native to east and central Mtwara, specifically in Mtwara-Mikindani District, Mtwara District, Newala, and Tandahimba districts. As of 1967,

756-553: The region, resulting in two geologically determined soil types. The first zone is the coastal sedimentary deposit, which stretches 31-125 kilometers from the Indian Ocean to the tip of Newala's Makonde Plateau. Deep, well-drained, sandy soils with poor fertility and moisture holding capacity are produced in this zone. Sandstones are used to make them. Marine heavy clay soils, also known as vertisols, are found in some regions. Coastal limestones also provide red, well-drained soils with

784-464: The south is formed by the Ruvuma River . To the west, Mtwara is bordered by Ruvuma Region , to the north by Lindi Region , and to the east is the Indian Ocean . Mtwara Region is home for being the nation's largest producer of Cashew nuts. According to the 2012 national census, the region had a population of 1,270,854, which was lower than the pre-census projection of 1,374,767. For 2002-2012,

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