24-665: The Northern India Championships or formally the Northern India Lawn Tennis Championship and, also known as the Northern India Tennis Championships, was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament founded as the North India Championship c. 1899. The first tournament was played at Delhi, India. The championships ran until 1970 before it was discontinued. Tennis was introduced to India in
48-485: A Hindu ruler, had a predominantly Muslim population, with over 77.11% of its constituents identified as Muslims according to the 1941 census . The state, which was contiguous to both India and Pakistan, chose to remain independent (in status quo) "for the time being". Following a Pakistani tribal invasion , Hari Singh acceded to India on 26 October 1947, and the state was disputed between India and Pakistan. The state of Junagadh initially acceded to Pakistan but faced
72-496: A plan, announced on 3 June 1947, that included these principles: The Act's most important provisions were: The Act also made provision for the division of joint property, etc. between the two new countries, including in particular the division of the armed forces. There was much violence, and many Muslims from what would become India fled to Pakistan; and Hindus and Sikhs from what would become Pakistan fled to India. Many people left behind all their possessions and property to avoid
96-413: A revolt from its Hindu population. India considered the accession of Junagadh invalid because it violated the principle of geographical contiguity of the partition, but Pakistan argued that the maritime border of Junagadh is connected to Pakistan by sea route. Following a breakdown of law and order, its Dewan requested India to take over the administration on 8 November 1947. India conducted a referendum in
120-623: Is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that partitioned British India into the two new independent dominions of India and Pakistan . The Act received Royal Assent on 18 July 1947 and thus modern-day India and Pakistan, comprising west (modern day Pakistan ) and east (modern day Bangladesh ) regions, came into being on 15 August. The legislature representatives of the Indian National Congress ,
144-629: The Gaekwad dynasty of the Maratha Empire over control of Gujarat , during the reign of the local Mohammad Mahabat Khanji I. Mohammad Khan Bahadur Khanji I declared independence from the Mughal governor of Gujarat subah, and founded the state of Junagarh in 1730. This allowed the Babi to retain sovereignty of Junagarh and other princely states. During the reign of his heir Junagarh was a tributary to
168-653: The Muslim League , and the Sikh community came to an agreement with Lord Mountbatten , then Viceroy and Governor-General of India , on what has come to be known as the 3 June Plan or Mountbatten Plan. Clement Attlee , the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom , announced on 20 February 1947 that: The 3rd June 1947 Plan was also known as the Mountbatten Plan. The British government proposed
192-790: The National Lawn Tennis Championships of India for the years 1962-67. In 1969 and 1970 the event was also held in conjunction with the Punjab State Championships. The Northern India Championships were predominantly staged in New Delhi, over a number of years it was also held in other cities such as Amritsar and Lahore at the Cosmopolitan Club, Lahore and Lahore Gymkhana Club . Indian Independence Act 1947 The Indian Independence Act 1947 ( 10 & 11 Geo. 6 . c. 30)
216-574: The partition of India in 1947, the princely states were left by the British to decide whether to accede to one of the newly independent Union of India or Dominion of Pakistan, or become a separate country. The Constitutional Advisor to the Nawab, Nabi Baksh, indicated to Lord Mountbatten that he was recommending that Junagarh should join India. However, upon the advice of Dewan Bhutto, on 15 August 1947,
240-472: The partition of India , the last Babi dynasty ruler of the state, Muhammad Mahabat Khanji III , decided to accede to the Dominion of Pakistan but Junagarh was annexed by India which was followed by a plebiscite in which the locals voted to stay with India. The Nawabs of Junagarh belonged to Pathan Babi or Babai (Pashtun tribe) . They were granted a 13 gun salute by the British authorities: There
264-505: The 1880s by British Army and Civilian Officers. In 1899 the North India Championship was established and played at Delhi, India. The championships were not staged during World War II and a few years after Indian Independence in 1947. The tournament was hosted at different cities in India and was also played on different surfaces, such as grass courts and clay courts . This tournament was also held in conjunction with
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#1732772002555288-629: The Indian government launched an invasion of Hyderabad called Operation Polo . The Hyderabadi military was defeated over five days of fighting. With his state about to be over run, the Nizam signed the Instrument of Accession , joining India. The formal integration of Hyderabad into the dominion of India took place much later on January 25, 1950, when the Nizam signed the Instrument of Accession with
312-759: The Maratha Empire, until it came under British suzerainty in 1807 under Mohammad Hamid Khanji I, following the Second Anglo-Maratha War . In 1807, Junagarh became a British protectorate and the East India Company took control of the state. By 1818, the Saurashtra area, along with other princely states of Kathiawar , were separately administered under the Kathiawar Agency by British India . In 1947, during
336-998: The Nawab announced that Junagarh had acceded to Pakistan. On 16 September, the Government of Pakistan accepted the accession. India sent its military into Junagarh while the Nawab of Junagarh was in Pakistan and captured the State of Junagarh. The Annexation of Junagarh by India led the Nawab Muhammad Mahabat Khan III of Junagarh (of the erstwhile Babi Nawab dynasty of Junagarh) to live in exile in Sindh , Pakistan. Pakistan's government has maintained its territorial claim on Junagadh, along with Manavadar and Sir Creek in Gujarat, on its official political maps. The rulers were titled ' Maharaja '. They had
360-796: The central government. A day later, as India became a republic on January 26, the Nizam took over as the Raj Pramukh or governor. Muhammad Ali Jinnah became the Governor-General of Pakistan , and Liaquat Ali Khan became the Prime Minister of Pakistan . Between October 1947 and March 1948 the rulers of several Muslim-majority states signed instruments of accession to join Pakistan . These included Amb , Bahawalpur , Chitral , Dir , Kalat , Khairpur , Kharan , Las Bela , Makran , and Swat . The Khanate of Kalat initially elected to resume its independence, until 27 March 1948 when its ruler acceded to Pakistan. The Indian Independence Act
384-574: The countryside. The nawab was assisted by the King of Gondal State , Thakur Sahib Haloji Jadeja and Arab Jamadar Sheikh Abdullah Zubeidi in his campaign against the rebellion. The combined forces defeated the Khant, captured Uparkot and crushed the rebellion. In 1947, Shah Nawaz Bhutto joined the council of ministers of Nawab Muhammad Mahabat Khan III , and in May became his dewan or prime minister. With
408-697: The erstwhile princely state of Junagarh. The Maharaja of Parmar Rajputs had established the State of Junagarh . Muhammad Sher Khan Babai was the founder of the Babi Pashtun dynasty of Junagarh in 1654. His descendants, the Babi Nawabs of Junagarh, conquered large territories in southern Saurashtra . However, during the collapse of the Mughal Empire , the Babis became involved in a struggle with
432-405: The first Governor General of independent India. Jawaharlal Nehru became the prime minister and Vallabhbhai Patel became the home minister . Over 550 princely states, almost all of the states contiguous with the territory of India, acceded to India by 15 August. The exceptions were Junagadh , Hyderabad , and Jammu and Kashmir . The princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, although governed by
456-420: The princely states, and advised them to accede to one or the other of the dominions, India and Pakistan, according to geographical contiguity. Although it was possible for the states to remain independent to some extent after 15 August, their dependency on the British government of India for defence, foreign affairs, communication and other matters rendered such freedom meaningless. Lord Mountbatten continued as
480-493: The state on 20 February 1948, in which the people voted overwhelmingly to join India. The state of Hyderabad had a majority Hindu population but also a Muslim ruler with a large Muslim minority. The Nizam of Hyderabad wanted to get Dominion status. Hyderabad elected to maintain its independence and lobbied internationally for recognition. However, it faced the pro-communist Telangana Rebellion and agitation by Indian nationalists opposed to its independence. On 13 September 1948,
504-590: The violence and flee to their new country. On 25 July 1947, Mountbatten held a meeting with the Chamber of Princes , where he addressed the question of the princely states, of which there were 562. The treaty relations between Britain and the Indian States would come to an end, and on 15 August 1947 the suzerainty of the British Crown was to lapse. Mountbatten ruled out any dominion status for any of
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#1732772002555528-504: Was a Koli rebellion in Junagarh by Mansa Khant during the reign of Nawab Sher Khan (the first ruler of Junagarh). He revolted against the ongoing Mughal Rule , with Uparkot Fort serving as his centre of operations. He made a series of raids into the surrounding villages and cities. Nawab Sher Khan was unsuccessful in suppressing the rebellion. Mansa Khant occupied Uparkot for 13 months and continued to carry out numerous raids mostly in
552-704: Was a princely state in Gujarat ruled by the Muslim Babi dynasty in India , which acceded to the Dominion of Pakistan after the Partition of British India . Subsequently, the Union of India annexed Junagadh in 1948, legitimized through a plebiscite held the same year. Pakistan claims sovereignty over the erstwhile princely state to this day. Junagarh State Council with S Parmar have been entrusted with
576-521: Was subsequently repealed in Article 395 of the Constitution of India and in Article 221 of the Constitution of Pakistan of 1956 , both constitutions being intended to bring about greater independence for the new states. The Act has not been repealed in the United Kingdom, where it still has an effect, although some sections of it have been repealed. Junagadh State Junagarh or Junagadh
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