The National Tax Agency ( 国税庁 , Kokuzei-chō , NTA) is the official tax collecting agency of Japan . As of October 2018, the Commissioner of NTA is Takeshi Fujii.
22-561: Mission: To enable taxpayers to properly and smoothly fulfill their tax responsibility. To achieve the mission stated above, National Tax Agency is responsible for fulfilling the responsibilities stipulated in Article 19 of the Law to Establish the Ministry of Finance , while paying due consideration to transparency and efficiency. On June 1, 1949, NTA was established as an affiliated agency of
44-566: A Liberal Democratic – Komeito coalition cabinet ( minority government ) since 2024 . The prime minister is nominated by the National Diet, while the remaining ministers are appointed and dismissed by the prime minister. The Cabinet is collectively responsible to the National Diet and must resign if a motion of no confidence is adopted by the National Diet. Under the Constitution of Japan , Cabinet ministers are appointed after
66-524: A state treasury in ancient Japan. When a modern system of government was introduced after the Meiji Restoration , the Ministry of Finance ( 大蔵省 , Ōkura-shō ) was established as a government body in charge of public finance and monetary affairs. It is said that new ministry employees are subtly reminded that the Ōkura-shō predates by some 1269 years when the new Constitution was imposed on
88-403: Is Thursday, March 15, 2012. In the self-assessment taxation approach, taxpayers calculate their taxable income, file tax returns and pay their taxes due. This taxation system basically presupposes taxpayer's willingness to pay taxes, continue accurate bookkeeping behavior and calculate their taxable income based on objective data. This approach was adopted, in 1947, under the strong influence of
110-521: Is a front-line administrative body in charge of assessing and collecting domestic taxes and has the closest contacts with taxpayers. Tax office is authorized to assess and collect domestic taxes within its responsible area. Its organization structure varies, depending on tax office's scale. Generally, a tax office has 1 division and 4 groups: co-ordination division, revenue management and collection group, examination group (individual), examination group (property tax), and examination group (corporation). As of
132-688: Is one of the cabinet -level ministries of the Japanese government . The ministry was named the Ōkura-shō ( 大蔵省 ) until 2001. The Ministry is headed by the Minister of Finance ( 財務大臣 , Zaimu-daijin ) , who is a member of the Cabinet and is typically chosen from members of the Diet by the Prime Minister . The Ministry originated in the 6th century, when the Ōkura ( 大蔵 ) was established as
154-521: Is the chief executive body of the government of Japan . It consists of the prime minister , who is appointed by the Emperor after being nominated by the National Diet , in addition to up to nineteen other members, called ministers of state . The current cabinet is Second Ishiba Cabinet , which was formed on 11 November 2024, is led by the prime minister Shigeru Ishiba . The country has had
176-571: The Cabinet. Contrary to the practice in many constitutional monarchies , the Emperor is not even the nominal chief executive. Instead, the Constitution explicitly vests executive authority in the Cabinet. Hence, nearly all of the day-to-day work of governing is done by the Cabinet. In practice, much of the Cabinet's authority is exercised by the prime minister. Under the Constitution, the prime minister exercises "control and supervision" over
198-471: The Constitution, Ministers of State are not subject to legal action without the consent of the prime minister during their tenure of office. The current cabinet, led by the newly appointed Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba , and succeeded the First Ishiba Cabinet . Ishiba is currently in the process of forming his cabinet, following the 2024 General Election . As of 11 November 2024,
220-573: The Diet passed a new Bank of Japan Law in 1998. In addition, it lost its ancient Japanese name when it was renamed the Zaimu-shō ( 財務省 ) in January 2001, although its English name remained the same. In financial markets, the Ministry is famous for its active foreign exchange policy. Its top civil servant on the international side, Vice Minister of Finance for International Affairs , is often quoted in
242-525: The FY 2010, the NTA received 157 MAP cases, of which were on BAPA. The United States and Canada are treaty partners for MAP case purposes. The Pacific Association of Tax Administrators (PATA) issued internal operational guidance in respect of mutual agreement procedures (MAP) and bilateral advance pricing arrangements (BAPA). PATA is composed of representatives from the tax administrations of Australia, Canada, Japan, and
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#1732772535905264-529: The Ministry of Finance, responsible for assessing and collecting national taxes. Until then, this role was performed by Tax Bureau of Ministry of Finance. Immediately after the Second World War, tax administration did not function properly as the Tax Bureau had undertaken out-of-scope operations. This organizational reform established NTA's current three-tiered organizational structure consisting of
286-486: The United States taxation system. Proper operation of the self-assessment taxation system requires regular and accurate bookkeeping by taxpayers. To foster the practice of bookkeeping, the blue return system was introduced in 1950 as a part of comprehensive tax reform based on the recommendations of Dr. Carl Shoup . Under the blue return system , an individual who operates a business or a corporation may obtain
308-684: The United States. On June 21, 2012, the Financial Services Agency (FSA), the Ministry of Finance (MOF) and the National Tax Agency (NTA) and the United States authority (the Treasury Department) have released a joint statement regarding a framework for intergovernmental cooperation to facilitate the implementation of FATCA and improve international tax compliance. Ministry of Finance (Japan) The Ministry of Finance ( 財務省 , Zaimu-shō )
330-429: The appointment of a new prime minister. While they are in office, legal action may not be taken against Cabinet ministers without the consent of the prime minister. The Cabinet must resign en masse in the following circumstances: The Cabinet exercises two kinds of power. Some of its powers are nominally exercised by the Emperor with the binding "advice and approval" of the Cabinet. Other powers are explicitly vested in
352-503: The district director's approval to file a tax return using a special form printed on blue paper. While these taxpayers are required to maintain books and keep continuous accounting records in accordance with prescribed standards, they are entitled by law to various income calculation benefits and preferential treatments. Today, the blue return system is widely accepted. There are 4.95 million blue return personal taxpayers, and more than 2.6 million corporations are filing blue returns. During
374-530: The end of FY2003, the number of employees stands at 56,315. As of FY2003, the total budget for tax collection operating costs stands at 721.9 billion yen. The cost to collect 100 yen of tax and stamp duty revenues (return on collection) is 1.78 yen as of FY2003, while it was 2.79 yen in FY1950. Japan relies on the self-assessment along with withholding tax system with respect to specific income and blue return systems . The due date for payment of 2011 income tax
396-491: The executive branch, and no law or Cabinet order can take effect without the prime minister's countersignature (and the emperor's promulgation). While Cabinet Ministers in most other parliamentary democracies theoretically have some freedom of action (within the limits of cabinet collective responsibility ), the Japanese Cabinet is effectively an extension of the prime minister's authority. According to Article 75 of
418-953: The financial press. Former Vice Minister Eisuke Sakakibara was known as "Mr Yen", whereas his successors Haruhiko Kuroda and Zenbei Mizoguchi were often referred to as "Mr. Asian Currency" and "Mr. Dollar", respectively. The Ministry is organized in six bureaus that provide the overall functions of the ministry: Six Independent Administrative Institutions are under the Ministry's control: 35°40′23″N 139°44′56″E / 35.673°N 139.749°E / 35.673; 139.749 Cabinet of Japan Naruhito [REDACTED] Fumihito [REDACTED] Shigeru Ishiba ( LDP ) Second Ishiba Cabinet ( LDP – Komeito coalition ) [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Fukushiro Nukaga Kōichirō Genba [REDACTED] Masakazu Sekiguchi Hiroyuki Nagahama Saburo Tokura Kazuo Ueda The Cabinet of Japan ( Japanese : 内閣 , Hepburn : Naikaku )
440-730: The head office, regional taxation bureaus and tax offices. NTA consists of the headquarters office, 11 regional taxation bureaus (Sapporo, Sendai, Kanto-Shin-Etsu, Tokyo, Kanazawa, Nagoya, Osaka, Hiroshima, Takamatsu, Fukuoka and Kumamoto), Okinawa Regional Taxation Office and 524 tax offices throughout the country. NTA's headquarters office has four departments: Commissioner's Secretariat; Taxation Department; Revenue Management and Collection Department; and Examination and Criminal Investigation Department. Examination and Criminal Investigation Department at regional taxation bureau level examines large-scale corporation's corporate and consumption taxes and investigates tax evasion cases. The local tax office
462-450: The nation by the U.S. occupation forces in 1947. The Ministry has long been regarded as the most powerful ministry in the Japanese government . After various financial scandals revealed in the 1990s, however, the Ministry lost its power over banking supervision to a newly established Financial Services Agency . It also lost most of its control over monetary policy to the Bank of Japan when
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#1732772535905484-486: The selection of the prime minister. A majority of the Cabinet, including the prime minister, must be members of the National Diet, and all members must be civilians . Under the Cabinet Law, the number of Cabinet ministers (excluding the prime minister) must be fourteen or less, but this may be increased to nineteen if a special need arises. If the Cabinet collectively resigns, it continues to exercise its functions until
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