Nantou ( Chinese : 南头 ) is a historical monument in Shenzhen, China . It was the former administrative centre of Xin'an County .
17-547: It was formerly a walled city facing Qianhai Bay. The city was on the sea route in South China and was regarded as the gatekeeper of the Pearl River and Guangzhou . The walled city is also known as Nantoucheng ( 南头城 ), "walled city of Nantou". The inhabitants of Nantou extended south along Taishanwan to Chenwuwei ( 陈屋围 ), including Guankou ( 关口 ) and Shiqiaotou ( 石桥头 ). The history of Nantou dates back to 331 CE. It
34-519: Is a popular food manufacturer in the city. 22°46′N 113°38′E / 22.767°N 113.633°E / 22.767; 113.633 Nantou Ancient City Museum Nantou Ancient City Museum ( Chinese : 南头古城博物馆 ) is a museum in Nantou , Nanshan District , Shenzhen , Guangdong , China . Built within the former government house of Bao'an County , the museum has two stories and three halls, displaying historical artifacts across
51-912: Is an extensive river system in southern China . "Pearl River" is often also used as a catch-all for the watersheds of the Pearl tributaries within Guangdong , specifically the Xi ('west'), Bei ('north'), and Dong ('east'). These rivers all ultimately flow into the South China Sea through the Pearl River Delta . Measured from the farthest reaches of the Xi River, the Pearl – Xi – Xun – Qian – Hongshui – Nanpan 2,400 km (1,500 mi) Pearl River system constitutes China's third-longest, after
68-517: Is famed as the river that flows through Guangzhou . As well as referring to the system as a whole, the Pearl River name is applied to a specific branch within it. This Pearl River is the widest distributary within the delta, although notably short; the waters that converge east of the Bei are first referred to as the Pearl River just north of Guangzhou . The Pearl River's estuary , Bocca Tigris ,
85-509: Is of an irregular quadrilateral shape, with the widest points east to west, and north to south being 680 metres and 500 metres respectively. Eight of the nine streets in the town still exist. The foundation of the city walls of Nantou were built using yellow sand. Defensive trenches existed all around the city. Today, almost all of the city walls with the exception of a few sections to the north (currently located within Zhongshan Park ),
102-652: Is regularly dredged so as to keep it open for ocean vessels. The mouth of the Pearl River forms a large bay in the southeast of the delta, the Pearl River Estuary , the Bocca Tigris separates Shiziyang in the north, Lingdingyang in the south, and Jiuzhouyang at the southern tip of the estuary surrounded by the Wanshan Archipelago . This bay separates Macau and Zhuhai from Hong Kong and Shenzhen . The name "Pearl River" comes from
119-615: The Yangtze River and the Yellow River , and its second largest by volume, after the Yangtze. The 453,700 km (175,200 sq mi) Pearl River Basin drains the majority of Guangdong and Guangxi provinces (collectively known as Liangguang ), as well as parts of Yunnan , Guizhou , Hunan and Jiangxi ; it also drains the northernmost parts of Vietnam's Northeast Cao Bằng and Lạng Sơn provinces. The Pearl River
136-567: The Ming dynasty admiral Zheng He and his crew once sailed pass Nanshan and encountered dangers in the area during the treasure voyages . He went on land and prayed for luck in the Tianhou Temple in Chiwan , which was near to the town itself. In 1573, 7,608 families, or 33,971 inhabitants, who lived around Dongguan prefecture, moved into the town by the order of the government. Xin'an County
153-459: The city walls were again demolished to make way for crammed multi-storied townhouses. Some of these townhouses uses the stone cut off from the city walls. The vast majority of them are unplanned and illegally built (more than 900). The town is gradually turning into what is known as an urban village . A number of historic buildings in the town have undergone preservation efforts. However, the effects were fairly minute. The Shenzhen government renamed
170-515: The largest town in the district, Nantou subdistrict also took its name from the town. There are currently more than 20,000 inhabitants living in Nantou. 22°32′47″N 113°54′59″E / 22.546307°N 113.916456°E / 22.546307; 113.916456 Pearl River (China) The Pearl River ( Chinese : 珠江 ; pinyin : Zhūjiāng ; lit. 'pearl river', or 粤江 ; 粵江 ; Yuèjiāng ; ' Yue river')
187-570: The pearl-colored shells that lie within the Pearl's riverbed as it flows through the city of Guangzhou. A 500 kV power line, suspended from three of the tallest pylons in the world, crosses the river near the Nansha Bridge . Numerous brands are named after the river. The Zhujiang Brewery in Guangzhou is one of the three largest domestic breweries in China, and Pearl River Bridge
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#1732791759275204-582: The salt industry. In 736 CE, during the Tang dynasty , the city itself was fortified with imperial troops and became known as Tunmen ( 屯门 ). The current walled city was built in 1394, at almost exactly the area of Dongguan, when the government of the Ming dynasty revived the coastal defence after the fall of the Mongol -led Yuan dynasty . It then remained as the administrative centre. Historic reports suggested that
221-644: The south gate and the east gate were demolished. The south gate measures 10 metres wide and 4.5 metres tall. A gate tower built atop was destroyed. There were three periods of heritage destruction that took place in Nantou: The first was during the Kangxi period of the Qing dynasty , during the Great Clearance took place between 1661 and 1669. Xin'an at that time ceased to be a county. Most inhabitants in
238-403: The town Xin'an Ancient City ( 新安故城 ) and built a museum known simply as Nantou Ancient City Museum in their attempt to revitalize the town as a historic trail. There are still around 40 buildings in the city dating back to the Qing dynasty or the first half of the 20th century. Nantou District, the official name of Nanshan District between 1983 and 1990, was named after the town. Being then
255-686: The town were displaced to other counties to the north. Many buildings in the city and the city walls were destroyed to build a boundary wall 50 li inland. The second was during the Japanese occupation in the Second Sino-Japanese War when the Japanese built fortifications on the walls. The third and most recent was after Shenzhen was designated a Special Economic Zone in 1980, when surrounding areas start to be rapidly developed. At this time, large numbers of migrants settled in Nantou. A number of historic buildings, including much of
272-432: Was known as Dongguan ( 东莞 ) as it was the capital of Dongguan Prefecture, which was, amongst others, the areas covering present-day Dongguan , Shenzhen , Hong Kong , Huizhou , Zhongshan , Zhuhai and Macau prior to any European settlements. At the same time, it was also the administrative centre of Bao'an, then one of the six counties comprising Donggguan. Since then, it has been repeatedly reported to be prosperous in
289-488: Was since established. Nantou gradually lost its prestige as the completion of the Kowloon-Canton Railway made the market town of Shenzhen , east of Nantou more prosperous. The administrative center of the county was moved to Shenzhen in 1953, and remained there until 1979, when the entirety of Bao'an County was renamed Shenzhen and elevated to city status. Nantou has an area of roughly 70,000m. The town
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