61-650: The Napier-Hastings Urban Area was defined by Statistics New Zealand (Stats NZ) as a main urban area of New Zealand that was based around the twin cities of Napier and Hastings in the Hawke's Bay Region . It was defined under the New Zealand Standard Areas Classification 1992 (NZSAC92), which has since been superseded by the Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018 (SSGA18). The urban area lay mostly on
122-561: A census by revealing (or threatening to reveal it) for dubious purposes. For example, a particular person's income responses cannot be handed over to a tax collection agency. The agency maintains an open copyright policy stating that, apart from images and content with specific copyright statement, users are free to use the work provided that Statistics New Zealand is attributed. Statistics New Zealand uses many methods to collect, process, analyse, and publish data. The agency has statisticians and mathematicians and survey experts whose chief duty
183-465: A customised set of data. The following counts were derived by using Statistics New Zealand's Table Builder tool: Statistics New Zealand develops statistical classifications and standards and works with the corresponding national statistical offices with such nations as Australia, the United States, and Canada. It conducts ongoing research regarding the viability of these standards. Since
244-406: A good sample sometimes requires complex statistical work to make sure the sample is, indeed, truly representative of the population under study. If conditions do not permit representative sampling but known benchmark statistics are known (possibly from earlier census data), it is still possible to generate accurate information by weighting the data to distort it back , so to speak, to compensate for
305-442: A number of generations. Therefore, we need to plan for that growth so that we don't add to our problems." As the department moves into the future, and if the past is an indication of the future, it is likely to continue its trajectory of larger size, more responsibility, increased technical sophistication via Internet and broadband tools. The 2011 national census was cancelled due to the disruption and displacement of people caused by
366-471: A population. Sampling errors are relatively easy to measure.... Other sources reflect process, measurement and inference errors, and are referred to as non-sampling error . It is not possible to eliminate all sources of error. However, our continued efforts at understanding and managing variability and error ensure we are exercising a high level of control on all known sources of error." What greatly facilitates statistical accuracy by reducing non-response bias
427-413: A statistical sense since it is a straight count of bodies, purchases, opinions, actions. But it is expensive to interview everybody. And there are many non-census topics requiring further study which the agency is asked to do. One way to reduce costs is by selecting smaller samples which hopefully represent the population being studied. This is a highly cost-effective way to get accurate information. Choosing
488-433: A survey to match population benchmarks. In particular, it takes account of under coverage in the survey of specified population groups. Integrated weighting improves the robustness and accuracy of survey estimates. It also reduces the effect of bias in estimates resulting from under coverage, as well as reducing the level of sampling error for benchmark variables." All statistical work presents opportunities for error, but it
549-500: A wide variety of topics. A user can learn that "89% of businesses use broadband to connect to the Internet" or that "145 babies were born on Mother's Day in 2008". Entire reports can be downloaded as .pdf files and printed on one's computer. In the nation's early days, with a small population and before the advent of powered transportation and modern telecommunications, there was little need for statistics nor ability to create them. In
610-411: Is an ongoing debate for Napier and Hastings residents. Both cities have previously had smaller amalgamations (Napier absorbed Taradale, Hastings absorbed Havelock North in the local government reforms of 1989 ). There was a referendum on forming a joint Hastings and Napier in 1999, which resulted in 75% 'no' vote from Napier residents, and a 64% 'yes' vote from Hastings residents. Many say the referendum
671-603: Is divided into seven organisational subgroups, each managed by a Deputy Government Statistician: Many of the agency's powers, duties, and responsibilities are governed by acts of the New Zealand Parliament. The agency is a state sector organisation of New Zealand operating under the authority of the Statistics Act 1975. The department conducts the New Zealand census every five years. The census
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#1732787535466732-1128: Is helpful for business purposes, government decision-making, media purposes, foreign policy, journalism, public information, planning, and for many other uses. For example, the Federal Reserve Bank of New Zealand uses statistics from this agency about prices and wages to help develop economic indicators, exchange rate information, and the official cash rate. The department supplies a wide variety of information. It reports on labour costs, incomes, civil unions and marriages, employment, electronic card transactions, food prices , retail trade, births and deaths, prices of capital goods, overseas trade, screen industry, international visitor arrivals, overseas merchandise, agriculture and fish stocks, water resources, building consents, electronic card transactions, English language providers, wholesale trade, local authority information, balance of payments data, manufacturing surveys, commuting patterns, mapping trends, culture and identity statistics, housing trends, work stoppages, gross domestic product, industrial energy use, and
793-527: Is largely due to seasonal fluctuations and is not an informative measure" according to a description from their website. To prevent seasonal variables from distorting data, statisticians sometimes use complex programs, including X-12-ARIMA (derived from census bureaus from the US and Canada), to remove seasonal distortions. So, with the December sales bump removed, the seasonally adjusted retail sales data can reveal
854-409: Is officially done on one day. The most recent released census was in 2018 (the first data from the 2023 census is due for release on 29 May 2024). The count of usual residents (excluding visitors from overseas) from the 2018 census was 4,699,755. they lived in 1,664,313 occupied dwellings; their median age was 37.4 years (half older, half younger); 775,836 identified themselves as "Māori" (16.5% of
915-427: Is possible to reduce error to manageable amounts. A statement reads: "An important aim of our ongoing work is to understand, manage, control and report on all known sources of error... which simply reflect the inherent variability that exists among the units we are seeking to measure... This variability manifests itself in sampling error when we use samples for cost-effectiveness reasons to estimate characteristics about
976-405: Is required by the Statistics Act 1975. This policy is substantially different from countries such as the United States, where answering official surveys is rarely compulsory, including responding to its census which is done every ten years. Further, if a person does not get a census survey for any reason, he or she is still obligated to visit a local census bureau, get one, fill it out, and return it;
1037-584: Is that answering questions is sometimes required by law. Some surveys must be answered. This requirement lessens agency expense, practically eliminates non-response bias (a perennial headache for most private market researchers) and improves accuracy. For example, for the General Social Survey, people are selected randomly for 10-minute phone interviews which sometimes ask personal questions such as wage and salary information. But people must answer these questions and will not be paid for their time. It
1098-421: Is the public service department of New Zealand charged with the collection of statistics related to the economy, population and society of New Zealand. To this end, Stats NZ produces censuses and surveys. The organisation's staff includes statisticians, mathematicians, computer science specialists, accountants, economists, demographers, sociologists, geographers, social psychologists, and marketers. Stats NZ
1159-445: Is to examine how the agency approaches various projects and to suggest ways to improve efficiency, speed, and accuracy. Some projects require advanced statistical tools to make sense of misleading data. For example, sometimes seasonality distorts data. "For example, in retail trade, December is a very high month due to Christmas sales. If we compare November sales with December sales, we will report an increase in sales. But this increase
1220-763: Is used by government to explore tough problems; a research paper dated April 2009 used agency statistics when exploring how to handle gang violence. Agency data is quoted by a wide variety of sources, even in the footnotes of books. For example, in "Connecting the Clouds – the Internet in New Zealand", author Keith Newman cites agency statistics regarding telecommunications cost decreases (the Stats NZ report said "New Zealand average residential phone call pricing plummeted 50% between 1987 and 1993") and national finances (the Stats NZ report said "The current account deficit for
1281-571: Is what happens while they are making other plans." Their report was picked up by journalists at the Sunday Star-Times to form the basis of an article with the headline "New Zealand women stop having babies". The article discussed ramifications, such as possible workforce shortages and increased cost of elderly care, as well as possible policy actions such as a "Working for Families" program. Newspaper headlines can influence public opinion which may impact policy decisions. Stats NZ information
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#17327875354661342-582: The Eskdale – Whirinaki area to the north and the Waiohiki area to the south. Napier hosts the region's port (the majority of export coming from Hastings' industry and food processing), airport, High Court and polytechnic college, and the regional council headquarters. Napier on its own would have been the 10th largest urban area in New Zealand. 39°35′S 176°51′E / 39.583°S 176.850°E / -39.583; 176.850 Amalgamation
1403-614: The Heretaunga Plains , with part on surrounding hills. It was a city cluster consisting of the cities of Napier and Hastings, the town of Havelock North and some smaller settlements. It was the sixth-most-populous urban area in the country under the NZSAC92, with 134,500 residents, fewer than Tauranga (141,600) and more than Dunedin (122,000). While the two cities are separated by 9 km (5.6 mi) of rural land from city edge to edge (20 km from one city centre to
1464-429: The true underlying trend —are sales going up, holding steady, or declining? This is important information for retailers. While the census counts every person, the department also conducts surveys based on only a small sample of people. These samples are scientifically selected to represent the larger group. For example, the General Social Survey chooses a select number of households, approximately 8,000, which represent
1525-503: The 1890s census data was written on cards which were sorted by hand. The drudgery of statistical work was gradually eased as adding and calculating machines and typewriters came into use, operated mostly by women. Tabulating machines were imported from the United States in the 1920s to process punched cards; this too was women's work," according to a book written by David Green in 2002. The agency grew in size. Tabulating machines were replaced by mainframe computers, then microcomputers, then
1586-544: The 1989 reform. The Labour Party had the reform of local government as one of its policies for the 1984 election but without much detail; the proposals were developed during the first term of the Fourth Labour Government following the party's win in 1984. Michael Bassett was Minister of Local Government and he appointed a Local Government Commission , which was chaired by Brian Elwood from 1 April 1985 to 1 November 1992. The government had given
1647-519: The 94% Census percent target and a nine percent drop from the previous 2013 Census. On 21 May 2024, Statistics New Zealand announced that it would not renew the lease for its Auckland office at Greys Avenue building due to staff safety concerns in the Auckland CBD . Key issues including anti-social behaviour around the building's entrance and surrounding street. 1989 local government reforms The 1989 New Zealand local government reform
1708-547: The February 2011 Christchurch earthquake . The census was rescheduled and took place on 5 March 2013. On 13 August 2019, the Chief Statistician Liz MacPherson resigned following the release of a report criticising the department's handling of the 2018 New Zealand census . Due to a decision to conduct the census solely online, the 2018 Census only attracted an 83% response rate, well short of
1769-495: The Internet. "Since the early 1980s computing has been done in-house, and in the 1990s personal computers and the Internet revolutionised the day-to-day experience of work at Statistics New Zealand," according to Green's book. Management positions have changed over time as well. The post of Government Statistician was created in 1910 within the Registrar-General's Office, before a separate Census and Statistics Office
1830-498: The Napier-Hastings Urban Area for statistical purposes. It was split into two "large urban areas" (30,000 to 99,999 population) of Napier and Hastings, the "medium urban area" (10,000 to 29,999) of Havelock North, the "small urban area" (1,000 to 9,999) of Clive , and the "rural settlements" (300 to 999) of Haumoana , Te Awanga , Whakatu and Whirinaki . Some settlements of less than 300 that were included in
1891-466: The Napier-Hastings Urban Area were left out entirely, including Eskdale , Omahu , Pakipaki , Pakowhai and Waiohiki . Stats NZ similarly split Wellington into Lower Hutt , Porirua , Upper Hutt and the urban part of Wellington City under SSGA18. Hastings Urban Zone lay within Hastings District and included Hastings , Havelock North and localities from Omahu and Pakowhai in
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1952-578: The New Zealand Health Information Service regarding their management of statistical information – a downloaded spreadsheet showed there were 65,120 live births registered in 2007 in the nation, and the table listed Statistics New Zealand as a source of this information. It worked with the Ministry for Culture and Heritage to collect and publish cultural data. The department's "aim is that New Zealand increasingly gets
2013-616: The Pacific rim, with a special focus on Pacific Island nations. Statistics New Zealand is acknowledged as the statistical authority within government. While other branches of government generate statistics, Statistics New Zealand works with them to expedite the information as well as provide consulting services when appropriate. It is responsible for the first integrated programme of Official Social Statistics. It provides assistance, guidance and oversight to other government agencies regarding statistics when appropriate. For example, it works with
2074-447: The Statistics Act 1975 reads "No information from an individual schedule is to be separately published or disclosed [Section 37(3)], except as authorised by the Statistics Act (the act permits others to see information from an individual schedule, but only when it is in a form that prevents identification of the respondent concerned, and then only under strict security conditions). This means government cannot abuse personal information from
2135-496: The ability to query the New Zealand Police Statistics – allowing you to gather detailed crime information about your local area since 1994.” The blogger felt the agency was "impeccably impartial", but distrusted various media sources. One way the agency makes data available to the public is by offering a Table Builder tool. It lets users access specific information from past surveys, and collect it into
2196-795: The agency was known as the Department of Statistics until the name was changed to the current one. The agency has grown in size and sophistication from its early beginnings. As times change, information needs change accordingly. For example, in the late 1990s and early 2000s, politicians became interested in the concept of sustainable development . The agency found ways to measure these trends to provide helpful information for planners. In August 2002, it published its first report on Sustainable Development Indicators, which measured variables such as water quality, energy usage, sustainability of cities, and youth development. Environment Minister Marian Hobbs said in 2003 "...the growth we have must be sustained over
2257-478: The agency was seriously considering including a question on sexual orientation. The agency did focus groups exploring this possibility. Sometimes controversies involve disputes over whether agency data was cited properly. One blogger, claiming to be a former Wellingtonian journalist who identifies himself or herself as "Poneke", accused the Sunday Star-Times of publishing misleading data about crime statistics. Poneke noted that “Statistics New Zealand now provide(s)
2318-519: The agency, using scientific samples to choose respondents; the 2007 results can be downloaded to computers via the Internet. This particular report uses a long list of variables, such as "total exports" and "biotechnology exports to Asia" and "stage of development of biotechnology processes". Statistical techniques such as sampling and weighting can reduce data gathering expenses while surveying, although it requires careful attention by statisticians. For example, census counts are rather straightforward in
2379-532: The area since the European colonisation in the 1800s. Some of the more notable are listed below. The Eastern Institute of Technology is based at Taradale and is the main regional tertiary education centre for the Hawke's Bay and Gisborne regions, with campuses at Taradale, Auckland and Gisborne . Statistics New Zealand Statistics New Zealand ( Māori : Tatauranga Aotearoa ), branded as Stats NZ ,
2440-500: The colonial years, sometimes magistrates and police officials collected data as part of their work. After about the 1890s, the official information source presented to the public was called the New Zealand Official Yearbook compiled from various departments. Sometimes data about animals were collected (a census of poultry ceased in 1971); one census taker on horseback drowned while crossing a river. In 1956,
2501-426: The commission a guarantee that their findings would be regarded as binding. The resulting local government reform was undertaken along the lines of neo-liberal economic theory, and was done in conjunction with the economic reform that have become known as Rogernomics . Some 850 entities were amalgamated into 86 local authorities, made up of regional and territorial levels. Of the 850 entities, 249 were municipalities;
Napier-Hastings Urban Area - Misplaced Pages Continue
2562-399: The discrepancy, and the result is more accurate data. The agency discusses different methodologies on its website. A statement explains why weighting is sometimes necessary: "Statistics New Zealand is improving the methodology used for the 2001 Household Economic Survey through the use of integrated weighting. This is a relatively recently developed method of adjusting the statistical output of
2623-418: The distortion caused by the unrepresentative sample. For example, suppose an area of Wellington has a known percentage of women—say 53% – which is believed to be accurate from a previous census count; a study is done a few years later; a sample is chosen; questionnaires are processed; but of the returning questionnaires, 57% are women. It is possible statistically to give men slightly greater weight to account for
2684-516: The early 2000s, it has begun using the Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupation to describe a wide variety of jobs; for example, the code 111111 describes a chief executive or managing director, while the code 531111 describes a general clerk. By using standardised codes, high speed computers can sift and sort through large databases to produce summary reports. It also provides technical assistance to developing countries in
2745-557: The government cannot be held accountable for mixing up an address. Questionnaires can be downloaded from the Internet via the Statistics New Zealand website. Legislation states census forms must be "filled in and signed within a stated time" and returned "within a stated time to the Department". Extensive use is made of the Internet to publish key information. Users can sift through vast databases to learn about
2806-538: The list goes on and on. In addition, it analyses trends and publishes forecasts. The agency does not involve itself with political polling generally. The agency provides information to the public. Many surveys and reports are available free of charge on its website; users can download spreadsheets electronically. In addition, some private market research firms use the agency's vast database information as source material, combining it with value-added presentation software (such as sophisticated mapping programs), and then sell
2867-422: The nation as a whole, and surveys them every two years. Interviewers with laptops conduct face-to-face interviews, and the result is information about "social wellbeing" including "housing, health, paid work, social connectedness, and human rights. It sometimes conducts specialty surveys about a specific industry or topic. For example, it published a biotechnology survey, based on a 10-page questionnaire developed by
2928-465: The newly created Department of Statistics had 164 employees. Tabulating techniques improved. One source writes: "As both New Zealand's population and the complexity of the information sought grew, so did the size of the army of temporary clerks that was employed every five years by the Census and Statistics Office to process it. Sitting at long tables, they added, subtracted and calculated percentages. From
2989-406: The next), there is sufficient economic and social integration between the cities that Stats NZ treated them as a single urban area. Stats NZ also subdivided the urban area into urban zones, as they did for the urban areas of Auckland , Hamilton and Wellington . The Napier-Hastings Urban Area contains about three-quarters of the population of the entire Hawke's Bay. Under SSGA18, Stats NZ split up
3050-446: The north, Pakipaki in the west, to settlements near the coast from Clive to Te Awanga . The main urban zone of Hastings contained around 68,000 people. Hastings hosts the regional hospital, showgrounds, racecourse, newspaper print, sports park and a water park . Hastings on its own would have been the 8th largest urban area in New Zealand. Napier Urban Zone consisted of Napier city and two parts of Hastings District that adjoin it:
3111-688: The population); people had a median income of $ 31,800. This is a main source of information, and data collected from this census is often used for further purposes within the department as well as serving as benchmark information for numerous reports and surveys. For example, the census asks about the main means of travel to work, but by combining this with data from transport surveys, the department can issue detailed reports such as "Commuting Patterns in New Zealand: 1996–2006", with specific inferences such as "Over half of people who walked or jogged to work lived within 2km of their workplace." This information
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#17327875354663172-508: The proposal in favour of the status quo. Part of recognition of New Zealand's sixth-largest population centre is being labelled that way. Many residents have brought forth renaming the city to reflect this to the rest of the nation instead of referring to the cities by their current separate names. Names proposed include: Hawke's Bay is one of the most seismically active regions in New Zealand, and Napier-Hastings has experienced many large earthquakes. More than 50 damaging earthquakes have rocked
3233-442: The re-packaged information. Information from demographers is used as source material by journalists for articles. Sometimes statistics can influence public policy. For example, Stats NZ demographers in 2008 spotted a trend of fewer women having children and wrote: "Deciding not to have children happens as a consequence of other life events.... Education, career, mortgages, changes in family and partners for many couples, childlessness
3294-421: The remainder were harbour boards, catchment boards, and drainage boards. Brian Rudman , a journalist and editorial writer for The New Zealand Herald , called the reforms "revolutionary". New Zealand was divided into 14 regions, of which 13 were regional authorities, and the remaining one, Gisborne, was a unitary authority . Unitary authorities in New Zealand are district (or city) authorities that also fulfil
3355-456: The rural parts of the former provinces. Over the years, many new bodies were set up. Some of these bodies were multi-purpose, whilst others (for example harbour boards) were single-purpose. The Local Government Act 1974 consolidated the previous law relating to local government that applied to territorial local authorities, regional and district council bodies. It enabled the establishment of regional councils, but these were not established until
3416-444: The statistical information it needs to grow and prosper". The organisation's stated values are statistical excellence, integrity, confidentiality and data security, leading, connecting, and communicating. It says on its website: "By following these values, we aim to deliver accessible, relevant, and timely statistics for all New Zealanders. Confidentiality is not only a policy chosen by the department but required by law. A section of
3477-550: The year ended March 2007 was $ 13.9 billion (8.5 percent of GDP)"). Data is used to help retailers spot trends and act accordingly. A newspaper article on decreased do-it-yourself (DIY) retail spending in 2008 quoted an agency source: "Figures from Statistics New Zealand show DIY spend has been tracking down with the retail sector." This information helps businesses adjust to new realities. Radio programs such as "Radio New Zealand National" have quoted agency data. Some agency policies result in controversy. One gay activist felt Stats NZ
3538-556: Was "breaking the law" by omitting a question on the 2006 census regarding sexual orientation; the article in the New Zealand Herald elaborated "Mr. van Wetering and the Office of Human Rights Proceedings, the independent legal branch of the commission, expect to discuss the inclusion of the (sexual orientation) question in the 2011 Census with lawyers for Statistics New Zealand later this year." There were some indications that
3599-542: Was called too early and many Napier residents were still bitter about the closing of Napier Hospital in 1998 and making Hastings Hospital the only public hospital in the region. A proposal in 2015 was for the new council to also absorb the Wairoa and Central Hawkes Bay councils to make a super regional council of 150,000 people. This amalgamation referendum was held in September 2015, the majority of voters (~66%) rejected
3660-510: Was set up in 1913. Before 1910 most statistics for the colony or dominion as a whole were the responsibility of the Registrar-General himself. The well-regarded economist J.B. Condliffe worked at the agency after First World War, but no fully qualified mathematicians until after the Second, when in-house training in statistical methods also began. Since 1910, the post of Government Statistician has been held by different persons. From 1955 until 1994
3721-462: Was the most significant reform of local government in New Zealand in over a century. Some 850 local bodies were amalgamated into 86 local authorities, made up of regional and territorial levels. The last major local government reform was carried out through the abolition of provincial government . With effect of 1 January 1877, local government was vested in elected borough and county councils. The Counties Bill of 1876 created 63 counties out of
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