The Treaty of Fort Stanwix was a treaty signed between representatives from the Iroquois and Great Britain (accompanied by negotiators from New Jersey , Virginia and Pennsylvania ) in 1768 at Fort Stanwix . It was negotiated between Sir William Johnson , his deputy George Croghan , and representatives of the Iroquois.
16-769: New Purchase can refer to any of several territories ceded by Native American tribes to Great Britain or the United States. New Purchase (1768) is the territory in Pennsylvania ceded by the Iroquois Confederacy to Great Britain by the Treaty of Fort Stanwix. New Purchase (1818) is the territory in Indiana ceded by the Miami, Delaware, Wyandot and others to
32-890: The Kentucky portion of the Virginia Colony to the British Crown , as well as most of what is now West Virginia . The treaty also settled land claims between the Iroquois and the Penn family; the lands acquired by American colonists in Pennsylvania were known as the New Purchase . The purpose of the conference was to adjust the boundary line between Indian lands and the Thirteen Colonies outlined in
48-528: The Royal Proclamation of 1763 . The British government hoped a new boundary line might bring an end to the rampant frontier violence between Native Americans and American colonists. Native Americans hoped a new, permanent line might prevent further encroachment of their lands from the colonists. The final treaty was signed on November 5 with one signatory for each of the Six Nations and in
64-663: The Treaty of Hard Labour and the Treaty of Fort Stanwix . On October 17, 1768, British representative John Stuart signed the Treaty of Hard Labour with the Cherokee tribe, relinquishing all Cherokee claims to the property west of the Allegheny Mountains and east of the Ohio River , comprising all of present-day West Virginia except the extreme southwestern part of the state. The resulting boundary line ran from
80-710: The Treaty of Hard Labour . During the Fort Stanwix proceedings, the British negotiators were astonished to learn that the Six Nations still maintained a nominal claim over much of Kentucky, which they wanted added into consideration. In addition, the Shawnee did not agree to this treaty, contesting colonial Virginian settlements between the Alleghenies and Ohio until the 1774 Treaty of Camp Charlotte . Although
96-587: The Indian nations who occupied these lands, primarily the Shawnee and Delaware , were present at the negotiations in 1768, they were not signatories. They had no fundamental role in the Iroquois' sale of their homeland. The Iroquois hoped that they could take pressure off their home territories in the New York and Pennsylvania areas by releasing Ohio lands. Rather than secure peace, the Fort Stanwix treaty helped set
112-679: The Ohio and coastal watersheds), much farther to the west. The line ran near Fort Pitt and followed the Ohio River as far as the Tennessee River , effectively ceding the Kentucky portion of the Virginia Colony to the Crown, as well as most of what is now West Virginia . The British government had recently confirmed ownership of the lands south and west of the Kanawha to the Cherokee by
128-544: The Six Nations of New York had previously recognized colonial rights southeast of the Ohio River at the 1752 Treaty of Logstown , they continued to claim ownership (by conquest) over all land as far south as the Tennessee River. They had reserved this territory for decades as a hunting ground. They still considered Tennessee their boundary with the Cherokee and other "Southern" tribes. Although representatives of
144-631: The United States by one of the Treaties of St. Mary's. New Purchase (1842) is the territory in Iowa ceded by the Sauk and Meskwaki to the United States via the Sac and Fox treaty of 1842 Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title New Purchase . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to
160-460: The attention of investors and land speculators to the area west of the Appalachians. In response to demands by settlers and speculators, colonial authorities sought further land cessions from the Iroquois and Cherokee. The Treaty of Lochaber with the Cherokee followed in 1770, adjusting boundaries established in the Treaty of Hard Labour , whereby the Cherokee withdrew their claim to parts of
176-612: The confluence of the Ohio and Kanawha Rivers , to the headwaters of the Kanawha River, then south to East Florida . The following month, the Treaty of Fort Stanwix was signed with the Iroquois which resulted in a different boundary line that followed the Ohio River to its confluence with the Tennessee River . This conflicted with the line set by the Treaty of Hard Labour by moving the Cherokees' bounds further west. In 1770,
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#1732772680300192-729: The final treaty line would not be fully agreed upon for another five years. The final portion of the Line of Property in Pennsylvania, called the Purchase line in the State, was fixed in 1773 by representatives from the Six Nations and Pennsylvania who met at a spot called Canoe Place at the confluence of West Branch of the Susquehanna River and Cush Cushion Creek in what is now Cherry Tree, Pennsylvania . American settlers pushing westward and opportunities for economic development turned
208-424: The intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_Purchase&oldid=962194774 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages New Purchase (1768) The treaty established a Line of Property following the Ohio River that ceded
224-477: The presence of representatives from the colonies of New Jersey , Virginia and Pennsylvania as well as Johnson. The Native American nations present received gifts and cash totaling £10,460 7s. 3d. sterling, the highest payment ever made from the British Crown to Native Americans. The treaty established a Line of Property which extended the earlier proclamation line of the Alleghenies (the divide between
240-443: The same country, encompassing the south part of present-day West Virginia. Treaty of Hard Labour In an effort to resolve concerns of settlers and land speculators following the western boundary established by the Royal Proclamation of 1763 by King George III , it was desired to move the boundary farther west to encompass more settlers who were outside of the boundary. The two treaties that resulted to address this issue were
256-472: The stage for the next round of hostilities between Native Americans and American colonists along the Ohio River, which would culminate in Dunmore's War . The treaty also settled land claims between the Six Nations and the Penn family, the proprietors of Pennsylvania, where the lands acquired in 1768 were referred to as the "New Purchase". Due to disputes about the physical boundaries of the settlement, however,
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