The Consolidated Laws of the State of New York are the codification of the permanent laws of a general nature of New York enacted by the New York State Legislature .
7-746: It is composed of several chapters, or laws. New York uses a system called "continuous codification" whereby each session law clearly identifies the law and section of the Consolidated Laws affected by its passage. Unlike civil law codes , the Consolidated Laws are systematic but neither comprehensive nor preemptive, and reference to other laws and case law is often necessary. The Consolidated Laws were printed by New York only once in 1909–1910, but there are 3 comprehensive and certified updated commercial private versions. The Laws can be found online without their amendment history, source notes, or commentary. There also exist unconsolidated laws, such as
14-522: Is not. The Legislative Retrieval System (LRS) is published under statutory authority and is available online but is not certified. McKinney's is online and searchable on Westlaw , while CLS is online and searchable on LexisNexis . Commercial versions of the Consolidated Laws are also available from Loislaw , Blue360 Media, VersusLaw, Lawprobe, the National Law Library, and QuickLaw. Free unannotated versions are available from FindLaw,
21-762: The New York State Legislature website, and the free public legislative website (which contains the same information as the LRS). Unconsolidated laws are available in print from McKinney's , McKinney's Session Laws , and the CLS Unconsolidated laws . Online resources include LexisNexis, WestLaw, the LRS , and the New York Legislative Service, and selected laws can be found online on the New York State Legislature website and
28-485: The end of the session as a bound volume. The United States Statutes at Large is an example of session laws which are published biennially, because the United States Congress meets for two years per session. Session laws are typically published annually or biennially, depending on the length of the session of the legislature, which in turn typically depends on the frequency with which general elections of
35-499: The free public legislative website. The pocket part was introduced in 1916 by the West Publishing Company to update McKinney's . There are several chapters that compose the Consolidated Laws : Some specific articles are also notable: Session laws Session laws are the collection of statutes enacted by a legislature during a single session of that legislature, often published following
42-423: The legislature are held. Laws that are enacted during a session may modify existing statutes of the jurisdiction, or may need to be added to the collection of statutes. If the agency responsible for printing updated statutes has not yet published a new collection of statutes containing the amendments or additions passed during a recent legislative session, people who need to refer to the changes may refer directly to
49-677: The various court acts. Unconsolidated laws are uncodified, typically due to their local nature, but are otherwise legally binding. Session laws are published in the Laws of New York . The Consolidated Laws were printed by New York only once in 1909–1910. There are 3 comprehensive and unofficial but certified (pursuant to Public Officers Law § 70-b) printed versions of the Consolidated Laws : McKinney's Consolidated Laws of New York Annotated ( McKinney's ), New York Consolidated Laws Service ( CLS ), and Gould's Consolidated Laws of New York ( Gould's ). McKinney's and CLS are annotated, while Gould's
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