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33-624: The Public Service Commission consists of seven members, each appointed by the Governor of New York with the advice and consent of the New York State Senate for a term of six years or to complete an unexpired term of a member. A commissioner is designated as chairman by the Governor to serve in such capacity at the pleasure of the Governor or until their term as commissioner expires. No more than three commissioners may be members of

66-628: A perceived health threat from low-frequency electric and magnetic fields . As of 2018, a large number of proposed wind turbine facilities located in Western and Upstate New York are being processed under the Article 10 regulations, and the impacts of astroturfing and the rate at which the commission staff can process the amount of these projects has yet to be determined. The commission uses various tools to monitor and investigate utility service disruptions. Their response to events that cause or have

99-412: A return on equity of around 10 percent is normal. For the incumbent electric utility companies and the merchant transmission developers that it regulates, the commission must issue a Certificate of Environmental Compatibility and Public Need prior to the operation and construction of an electric transmission line - a "major utility transmission facility" - in the state. This is pursuant to Article VII of

132-526: A former Weather Underground member, political insiders, and industry insiders - including an at least one industry insider whose parent was an employee of the commission. The Public Service Commission was established in 1907. Notable former employees include Nora Stanton Blatch Deforest Barney and Delos Franklin Wilcox . In 2014 the Commission and New York Governor Andrew Cuomo initiated Reforming

165-580: A major party, four of whom ( Martin Van Buren , Grover Cleveland , Theodore Roosevelt , and Franklin D. Roosevelt ) were elected as President of the United States . Meanwhile, six New York governors have gone on to serve as vice president . Additionally, two New York governors, John Jay and Charles Evans Hughes , have served as chief justice . The governor is responsible for appointing their Executive Chamber. These appointments do not require

198-502: A population of greater than 125,000 people or to facilities approved in relation to FERC-certified hydroelectric facilities. Notably, Part 102 of the Public Service Law, for example, allows for the 60-day review of a 115-kV transmission line with a length of less than 10 miles, without a formal response from the commission. Part 102 filing has enabled certain utilities to maintain their infrastructure without being burdened with

231-581: A project, depending upon the level of controversy, to proceed through the Article VII siting process, although it may take only 6 months to construct. The certification process can take even longer if routing occurs through municipalities that are charged with managing a Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4). Final state certification requires approval from the local MS4 municipality in accordance with its MS4 plan. There are some instances when electric transmission lines can be built without going through

264-422: A return on NAV , or assets less liabilities . ROE measures how many dollars of profit are generated for each dollar of shareholder's equity , and is thus a metric of how well the company utilizes its equity to generate profits. ROE is especially used for comparing the performance of companies in the same industry. As with return on capital , an ROE is a measure of management's ability to generate income from

297-424: Is a measure of the profitability of a business in relation to its equity ; where: Thus, ROE is equal to a fiscal year 's net income (after preferred stock dividends, before common stock dividends), divided by total equity (excluding preferred shares), expressed as a percentage. Because shareholder's equity can be calculated by taking all assets and subtracting all liabilities, ROE can also be thought of as

330-492: Is a process which offers the public an opportunity to comment. Utilities determine when they wish to file for a new case. The commission uses a standard of reasonability - or how a reasonable person would judge - to assess the public need for proposed levels of capital expenditures , operating expenditures and other spending. Regulated utilities are publicly-traded companies , and must also provide returns for shareholders. These returns are argued for in these rate cases, and

363-518: Is also charged with naming the heads of the various departments, divisions, boards, and offices within the state government. These nominees require confirmation by the state Senate. While some appointees may share the title of commissioner , director , etc., only department level-heads are considered members of the actual state cabinet, although the heads of the various divisions, boards, and offices may attend cabinet-level meetings from time to time. The Constitution of New York has provided since 1777 for

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396-507: Is directly elected every four years, in years when there is no presidential election. The governor is required to be a United States citizen and a resident of New York for five years preceding their election. No person can be elected as governor under the age of thirty. The governor has a duty to enforce state laws, and the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the New York State Legislature , to convene

429-414: Is expected to cost $ 1 billion in the first two years. The commission's regulatory oversight extends to the approval of retail consumer rate increase (or decrease) requests from the electric, water, steam, and local natural gas distribution utilities it regulates. The commission approves (or denies) these rate requests because each utility operates as a monopoly service provider in its retail region. This

462-535: Is the head of government of the U.S. state of New York . The governor is the head of the executive branch of New York's state government and the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces. The governor has a duty to enforce state laws and the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the New York Legislature , to convene the legislature and grant pardons , except in cases of impeachment and treason . The governor of New York

495-617: Is the highest paid governor in the country. The current governor is Kathy Hochul , a member of the Democratic Party who took office on August 24, 2021, following the resignation of Andrew Cuomo . She was elected to a full term in 2022. The position of governor in New York dates back to the British take over of New Amsterdam where the position replaced the former Dutch offices of director or director-general. The governor

528-553: The Department of Environmental Conservation , NYSERDA , and the Empire State Development Corporation . The generation siting process in New York is still fairly young - the Article 10 statutes passed into law in 2011 by Governor Andrew Cuomo . Prior to the Article 10 regulations, Public Service Law Section 68 acted as a gap regulation after the expiration of the Article X - not "10" - process in

561-470: The Article VII transmission facilities siting process. The Public Service Law defines a "major utility transmission facility" as an electric transmission line operating at greater than 125- kilovolts (kV) and longer than 1-mile in length, or an electric transmission line operating at greater than 100-kV (and less than 125-kV) and greater than 10 miles in length. It does not extend this definition to transmission facilities located wholly underground in cities with

594-626: The Energy Vision . Reforming the Energy Vision (commonly abbreviated as REV) is a set of multi-year regulatory proceedings and policy initiatives. The end goals of REV include reducing carbon emissions from the electric sector and opening up new markets in New York state for emerging energy technologies. The affected utilities in the state of New York include Central Hudson Gas & Electric Corporation, Consolidated Edison Company of New York, National Grid, New York State Electric & Gas Corporation, and Orange and Rockland Utilities. In addition to

627-655: The Environment, much of the planning process for utility-scale electric generation is undertaken by the New York Independent System Operator (NYISO), an organization regulated under the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. The NYISO maintains an interconnection queue where it may be possible to calculate the success rate of utility-scale electric generation and merchant transmission proposals. In 2016,

660-488: The Public Service Commission adopted a Clean Energy Standard, to assist in achieving the state's target of obtaining 50% of its electricity from renewable and nuclear sources by 2030, which will see customer bills increase to support these sources. A particular aim was to support three nuclear plants, Ginna , James A. FitzPatrick and Nine Mile Point that had become uneconomic; the support for nuclear

693-475: The Public Service Law. The process provides for public notification and participation. This certificate provides detail on the final routing of a transmission line, the public need for the line, the probable environmental impact of the line, among other details. After this certificate is granted, the utility or developer then files an Environmental Management and Construction Plan that the commission also must approve prior to construction. It may require many years for

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726-585: The confirmation of the New York State Senate . Most political advisors report to the secretary to the governor, while most policy advisors report to the director of state operations, who also answers to the secretary to the governor, making that position, in practice, the true chief of staff and most powerful position in the Cabinet. The actual "chief of staff" is in charge of the Office of Scheduling and holds no authority over other cabinet officials. The governor

759-508: The core project of utility restructuring, the REV initiative also encompasses a number of other energy programs, some of which were launched before REV itself. These include K-Solar, NY Prize, NY-Sun, BuildSmart NY and the state's Green Bank. Although the state regulates the siting process of utility-scale (25 MW or greater) electric generation in New York via the Board on Electric Generation Siting and

792-426: The early 2000s. The local community response to proposed electric facilities siting depends largely upon the notification process to local land owners. The Article VII and Article 10 regulations call for fairly wide notification. The Article 10 process, notably, invites local community members to serve as Siting Board members. Many of the comments posted by local community members reflect NIMBY positions or appeals to

825-482: The election of a lieutenant governor of New York , who also acts as president of the State Senate, to the same term (keeping the same term lengths as the governor throughout all the constitutional revisions). Originally, in the event of the death, resignation or impeachment of the governor, or absence from the state, the lieutenant governor would take on the governor's duties and powers. Since the 1938 constitution,

858-459: The equity available to it. ROEs of 15–20% are generally considered good. ROE is also a factor in stock valuation , in association with other financial ratios . Note though that, while higher ROE ought intuitively to imply higher stock prices, in reality, predicting the stock value of a company based on its ROE is dependent on too many other factors to be of use by itself. Both of these are expanded below. The DuPont formula , also known as

891-419: The event. This bunker is usually staffed 24 hours a day for the duration of an event, and utility company staff may also be present. The GIS software that commission staff uses to report outage information to SOEM staff aggregates freely available outage numbers from each utility website in real-time. Governor of New York See also: [REDACTED] [REDACTED] The governor of New York

924-471: The financial and time constraints of Article VII filings. Electric generation facilities siting in New York is the responsibility of a multi-agency board called the Siting Board on Electric Generation Siting and the Environment. It reviews and certifies projects with proposed capabilities of 25 MWs or greater. Its board members are the heads of the Public Service Commission, the Department of Health ,

957-467: The legislature, and to grant pardons , except in cases of treason and impeachment . Unlike the other government departments that compose the executive branch of government, the governor is the head of the state Executive Department . The officeholder is afforded the courtesy style of His/Her Excellency while in office. Often considered a potential candidate for U.S. president , ten New York governors have been selected as presidential candidates by

990-407: The lieutenant governor explicitly becomes governor upon such vacancy in the office. Should the office of lieutenant governor become vacant, the temporary president of the state senate performs the duties of a lieutenant governor until the governor can take back the duties of the office, or the next election; likewise, should both offices become vacant, the temporary president acts as governor, with

1023-517: The office of lieutenant governor remaining vacant. Although no provision exists in the constitution for it, precedent set in 2009 allows the governor to appoint a lieutenant governor should a vacancy occur. Should the temporary president be unable to fulfill the duties, the speaker of the assembly is next in the line of succession. The lieutenant governor is elected on the same ticket as the governor, but nominated separately. Line of succession: Return on equity The return on equity ( ROE )

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1056-563: The potential to cause service disruptions has historically depended upon media coverage, administrative agendas, the number of customers impacted, and the severity to which customers are impacted. Prior to large storms and other weather disturbances, the commission will send staff to the State Office of Emergency Management bunker located in the New York State Police headquarters to report on electric outage numbers during

1089-668: The same political party. The Public Service Commission is within the Department of Public Service, and the chairman is the chief executive officer of the Department. In 2017, the Public Service Commission and the Department of Public Service were appropriated $ 101.4 million from the state budget and employed 556 people. The payroll totaled $ 44,195,996 and a commissioner was not listed among the top 25 salary earners. Engineering staff who are licensed professional engineers do not produce stamped engineering plans. The commission has employed and been influenced by an array of interesting personnel:

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