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37-546: Former Prime Minister Surya Bahadur Thapa , the oldest member of the house, assumed chairmanship of the CA on January 20, 2014 and administered the oath of office to 565 lawmakers at the first meeting of the assembly on January 21, 2014. Leaders of the NC , CPN-UML and UCPN (Maoist) pledged to draft a new constitution within a year. More than 80% of the members were new faces. On January 26, 2014, President Ram Baran Yadav called for

74-480: A few gifts and a letter from King Rajendra addressed to King William IV . The idea was initially received favorably by Brian Houghton Hodgson as well as the Governor-General, who hoped that the mission could increase the trust between the two nations. In this process, Mathabar Singh was promoted to Chota General; Ranbir Singh Thapa , the governor of Palpa, was made Full General; and Mathabar's nephew,

111-645: A few more of the nearest relatives of the Thapas were incarcerated, proclaimed outcasts, and their properties confiscated. Fearful that the Pandes would re-establish their power, Fatte Jang Shah , Ranganath Poudel , and the Junior Queen Rajya Laxmi Devi obtained from the King the liberation of Bhimsen, Mathabar, and the rest of the party, about eight months after they were incarcerated for

148-615: A new constitution within a year. An all-party meeting followed at which the CPN-UML, UCPN (Maoist) and MPRF-Loktantrik expressed support for a government under Sushil Koirala . The RPP-N boycotted the meeting. Further discussions were held between the NC, CPN-UML and UCPN (Maoist) at which the Maoists expressed support for the idea of a NC-led government but did not agree to join the government and decided to stay in opposition. On February 2, 2014,

185-541: A result, almost one hundred officers and soldiers resigned from the Singha Nath Battalion, openly calling themselves as the private followers of Mathawar Singh which showcased the popularity of Mathawar Singh in the military forces. Around October 1838, Ranganath Poudel , finding himself unsupported by the King, resigned from the Mukhtiyari , which was then conferred on Pushkar Shah ; but Pushkar Shah

222-512: A vast sum of money, without accomplishing any of his goals. The deliberate sabotage of Mathabar's mission was Hodgson's diplomatic attack against Bhimsen. Mathabar Singh spent a sum of one lakh and fifty thousand in Calcutta on the fruitless mission. Mathabar's extravagant expenditure was also heavily criticized by Queen Samrajya Lakshmi Devi , since at that time the state coffer was in dire condition; and to pacify her, Bhimsen had to reimburse

259-565: The King of Nepal . His power and over-influence in the Nepalese politics and even in the personal life of the monarchy itself led to the eclipse of his power and his downfall by the hands of Jang Bahadur Rana . When Mathabar Singh Thapa declined the Queen's request to help her make her own son king, the Queen joined those against him and plotted his downfall. But just to appease him, he was provided

296-536: The King of Nepal . The first general election was held in 1959 and Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala became the first elected prime minister of Nepal. However, he was deposed and imprisoned in the 1960 coup d'état by King Mahendra who went on to establish an oligarchic authoritative regime, the Panchayat system , and Nepal did not have a democratic government until 1990. After the Jana Andolan movement in 1990,

333-513: The NC abandoned its pursuit of a consensus government under article 38(1) of the constitution after the UCPN (Maoist) and RPP-N, the third and fourth largest parties, decided not to join the government. The party then initiated talks with the CPN-UML to form a majority government under article 38(2) of the constitution . A total of thirty political parties and two independents were represented at

370-586: The Nepalese Army . During the Rana dynasty , the position of prime minister was hereditary and the officeholder held additional titles – Maharaja of Lamjang and Kaski , Supreme Commander-in-Chief of Nepal and Grand Master of the Royal Orders of Nepal . After the 1951 revolution , non-aristocratic citizens like Matrika Prasad Koirala held the position of prime minister still under the authority of

407-545: The Prime Minister (1845 September 23), Gagan Singh had more regiments (7) of the army under him and was more powerful. Jung Bahadur Rana also had 3 regiments under him. Fatte Jungh Shah himself had 3 regiments of the army under his control. Also Gagan Singh had the special support of the queen Rajya Laxmi Devi. British Resident Sir Henry Lawrence once mentioned that, "If there is struggle for power, that struggle will be between Gagan Singh and Jung Bahadur." Ultimately,

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444-497: The acting Governor-General Charles Metcalfe ; and while there, Mathabar started to indulge in needless luxuries and show offs. Meanwhile, Hodgson sent a secret letter to Metcalfe asking him not to allow Mathabar to make a state visit to Britain. Hence, Metcalfe was only willing to grant him the visa of an ordinary traveler, and not the diplomatic visa of a state representative. Mathabar thus returned to Nepal in March 1836, having wasted

481-619: The case was re-discussed at the Bharadari Sabha (Council) in front of King Rajendra and Queen Rajya Laxmi, where Thapa family were declared innocent and their confiscated properties were restored. It was also declared that the poisoning case was framed by the Kala Pandes . Mathawar Singh poisoned the already insane Rana Jang Pande after publicly disgracing him. He also ordered the death penalty to two brothers of Rana Jang and four other persons which included Devi Bahadur Kunwar. In

518-504: The country became a constitutional monarchy . However, this was interrupted with the 2005 coup d'état by King Gyanendra . After the Loktantra Andolan movement in 2006, the monarchy was abolished on 28 May 2008 by the 1st Constituent Assembly and the country was declared a federal parliamentary republic . The current constitution was adopted on 20 September 2015, and the first prime minister under this new constitution

555-399: The election of a Prime Minister and the formation of a consensus government within a week as per article 38(1) of the constitution which provided for the formation of government through political understanding. The Nepali Congress obtained the support of the CPN-UML for a NC-led consensus government and the two parties also agreed to hold local body elections within six months and adopt

592-419: The event, Kulachandra Shah was banished while Krishna Ram Mishra was exiled. The properties the above-mentioned persons together with other 40 persons who fled the event were confiscated. In November 1843, Mathabar Singh became Mukhtiyar as well as Minister and Commander-In-Chief of the Nepalese Army by the second queen of Rajendra, Queen Rajya Laxmi who had ambitions of making her own son, Prince Ranendra as

629-565: The extra expenses from his own pockets. On 24 July 1837, Rajendra's youngest son, Devendra Bikram Shah, an infant of six months, died suddenly. It was at once rumored that the child had died of poison intended for his mother the Senior Queen Samrajya Laxmi Devi : given at the instigation of Bhimsen Thapa, or someone of his party. On this charge, Mathbar Singh with his family , the court physicians, Ekdev and Eksurya Upadhyay, and his deputy Bhajuman Baidya, with

666-578: The extreme power of Gagan Singh led to him being assassinated by King Rajendra and Prime Minister Fatte Jungh Shah in 1846 September 14 at 10 P.M.. The assassination of Gagan Singh led to the Kot massacre and ultimately, the rise of Jung Bahadur Rana . Mathabarsingh Thapa was the first prime minister of Nepal to wear a crown. The 104 year-ruling Rana Dynasty was also related to him. He had following sons as per various sources: The land grants received by Mathbar Singh Thapa on various dates were: Guthi for

703-417: The first prime minister since the time of Prithvi Narayan Shah to die of old age and not out of the conspiracy. In 1845 January 4, he declared himself as the "Prime Minister of Nepal". This was the first time anyone had been titled "Prime Minister" in the history of Nepal. All the others before him were either titled as Mukhtiyar or Mul Kajis. It is believed that at that time he had become even more powerful than

740-783: The king of Nepal, with Mathabar Singh's help. Though he was declared Mukhtiyar and as well as Minister and Commander-In-Chief in November 1843, his appointment letter was issued only on Aswin Badi 7, 1901 (i.e. September 1844): From King Rajendra , To Mathbar Singh Thapa Bahadur , son of Nain Singh Thapa , grandson of Ambar Singh Thapa , resident of Gorkha . We hereby appoint you as Mukhtiyar of all civil and administrative affairs throughout our country, as well as Prime Minister , Commander-In-Chief and General with Jagir emoluments amounting to Rs 12,401. Remain in attendance during

777-654: The murder of almost all of his enemies and political adversaries. Having seen the fall of Bhimsen Thapa , he believed that having a personal army would prevent his own downfall; so he founded three regiments dedicated to him and only him. He built army barracks around his house for his personal protection. For this, he used the army like slaves, prompting the British Resident Minister Sir Henry Lawrence to advise him not to do so. However, too over-confident in his power, Mathabar Singh Thapa ignored him. He even claimed that he would be

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814-531: The poisoning case. Some of their confiscated land, as well as the Bagh Durbar , was also returned. Upon his release, the soldiers loyal to Bhimsen crowded behind him in jubilation and followed him up to his house; a similar treatment was given to Mathabar Singh and Sherjung Thapa. In January 1838, King Rajendra of Nepal promoted Rana Jang Pande to the post of Commander in the armed force and his brother Karbir Pande as Kapardar ("Palace Chief Guard"). As

851-423: The sixteen-year-old Sherjung Thapa, was made Commanding Colonel. Both Rajendra and Samrajya Laxmi were also pleased with this plan, and on 1 November 1835, Bhimsen was conferred the title of Commander-in-Chief. On 27 November 1835, Mathabar Singh left Kathmandu with a retinue of two thousand men, including 200 officers and 600 soldiers, for London via Calcutta . Mathabar was given a grand welcome in Calcutta by

888-417: The start of the second constituent assembly. However, some parties later merged and the number of parties declined. The following parliamentary committees were formed: List of Prime Ministers of Nepal Executive: Federal Parliament : Judiciary: The position of a prime minister of Nepal ( Nepali : नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री , romanized:  Nepālko Pradhānmantrī ) in modern form

925-460: The title of "Prime Minister" while conspiracy to murder him was going on behind. Finally, when all the preparations for his murder were made, he was called to the Royal Palace at night, informing him incorrectly, that the Queen had been ill from some disease. Though he was warned by his own son, and his mother, he went to the palace. When he was sleeping Jang Bahadur was hiding under his bed. He

962-577: The war and other occasions as commanded by us, be faithful to our salt and utilize the following lands and revenues as your Jagir with due loyalty. (Particulars of lands and revenue follow). Aswin Badi 7, 1901 (September 1844)  — Appointment of Mathbar Singh Thapa as Prime Minister by Baburam Acharya Before he was made the Minister and the Commander-In-Chief, he had led to

999-460: The way for him to eventually title himself as the Prime Minister. Mathabar Singh, however, enraged the queen by refusing to make her son, Ranendra Bikram, the king. The queen, in turn, had him shot by his own nephew Janga Bahadur Rana and thereby making him the last dynast of the Thapa dynasty . Mathabir Singh Thapa was killed by his own nephew. Not much is known of Mathabar Singh Thapa's childhood. He

1036-602: Was KP Sharma Oli . Mathabarsingh Thapa Mathabar Singh Thapa listen ( Nepali : माथवरसिंह थापा , 1798–1845) was the Prime Minister of Nepal and the Commander-In-Chief of the Nepalese Army from 25 December 1843 – 17 May 1845, until he was murdered by his nephew Jung Bahadur Rana . He was the first Mukhtiyar to title himself as a prime minister, as per the British convention. He

1073-526: Was born in Borlang , Gorkha . He was the son of Kaji Nayan Singh Thapa who was killed in the war against the Kingdom of Kangra. He was a nephew of Bhimsen Thapa and also the maternal uncle of Jang Bahadur Rana . Through his mother's side, he was the grandson of Kaji Ranajit Pande , who was the son of Kaji Tularam Pande . Kaji Tularam Pande was a cousin of Kaji Kalu Pande . A royal letter

1110-576: Was called by different names at different times of Nepalese history . During the reign of the Shah kings , the Mulkajis (Chief Kajis ) or Chautariyas served as prime ministers in a council of 4 Chautariyas , 4 Kajis , and sundry officers. These Bharadars (officers) were drawn from high caste and politically influential families such as the Pande , Basnyat , and Thapa families. The nobility of Gorkha

1147-458: Was fluctuating between Kajis and Chautariyas . In 1804, a single authoritative position of Mukhtiyar was created by Rana Bahadur Shah which carried the executive powers of nation. Mukhtiyar held the position of head of the executive until the adoption of the title of Prime Minister in November 1843 by Mathabar Singh Thapa who became Mukhtiyar as well as Prime Minister and the Chief of

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1184-512: Was mainly based from Chhetri families and they had a strong presence in civil administration affairs. All prime ministers of Nepal between 1768 and 1950 were Chhetris with the exception of Ranga Nath Poudyal , being a Khas Brahmin . Of the 23 men who have been elected since Nepal attained democracy from the Ranas in 1951, 15 have been Khas Brahmin, 3 Thakuri , 2 Newar Shresthas , 2 Chhetri, and 1 Sanyasi/Dasnami . The executive power allocation

1221-890: Was only a nominal head, and the actual authority was bestowed on Ranjang Pande. Sensing that a catastrophe was going to befall the Thapas , Mathabar Singh fled to India while pretending to go on a hunting trip. Mathabar Singh Thapa had exiled to India when Bhimsen Thapa was maliciously accused to be guilty of murdering the King Rajendra 's son who was 6 months old. After assigning administrative authority to Junior Queen Rajya Laxmi Devi by King Rajendra Bikram Shah in January 1843, she immediately asked Mathabar Singh to return to Nepal, to which Mathabar Singh left Shimla to stop at Gorakhpur for detailed study of political situation of Nepal. Mathabar Singh's nephew Kaji Jung Bahadur Kunwar

1258-560: Was received from the Maharaja Ranjit Singh , ruler of Sikh Empire in Punjab, addressed to King Rajendra. The Nepalese court seized this opportunity to establish diplomatic contact with Punjab as well as other states such as Burma and Gwalior . In April 1835, Bhimsen Thapa , hoping to force Britain to acknowledge the sovereignty of Nepal, chose his nephew Colonel Mathabar Singh Thapa as the representative of Nepal, bearing

1295-580: Was sent to persuade his uncle after which he arrived in Kathmandu Valley in April 1843. Historian Balchandra Sharma writes that Mathabar Singh arrived on 17 April 1843 where a great welcome was organized for him. Mathawar Singh living in a public rest house, constantly urged that he would not enter his residence in Kathmandu until the framed charges against his family be released. In July 1843,

1332-451: Was shot multiple times on his back from under the bed by Jang Bahadur Rana where he immediately died. The next day King Rajendra declared that he had himself killed Mathabar Singh Thapa accusing him of several activities that he had done to undermine his own (Rajendra's) power. The murder of Mathabar Singh Thapa led to the political instability in Nepal. Though, Fatte Jung Shah was declared

1369-456: Was the nephew of Bhimsen Thapa , who was sentenced to prison after falsely being accused of killing King Rajendra 's six months old son. Mathabar Singh Thapa fled to Shimla after the execution of Bhimsen Thapa, to avoid his own execution as he was Bhimsen's nephew. Four years later, the second queen of Rajendra, Queen Rajya Lakshmi, called him back and installed him as the Mukhtiyar, paving

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