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24-467: About 200 years ago, the British established farms for cultivating indigo ( nil ). The soil of this area was very fertile for indigo cultivation. As a result, a lot of nil kuthi and nil khamar (farm) were built here compared to the other districts. It is widely believed that the term " nil khamari " was derived from " nil khamar " by the local farmers. And then the word "Nilphamari"

48-410: A famous historical dighi (big pond) that stands at Dhobadanga mauza of Gorgram union about 14 km southwest of Nilphamari district headquarters. During the reign of Raja Birat there were many cow farms at Gorgram. Raja Birat dug a large dighi named as Birat Dighi or Birna Dighi or Binna Dighi for the cows. After the independence of Bangladesh, the dighi was renamed as Nilsagar. A Hindu mandir stands on

72-493: A few greenish-white and yellow-flowered species. Indigofera flowers have open carpels , their organ primordial is often formed at deeper layers than other eudicots . This variety could have significant implications on its role in an actual perennial polyculture. For example, different flowering morphologies could be artificially selected for in varying directions in order to better fit in different environmental conditions and with different populations of other plants. The fruit

96-590: A literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 69.23%, compared to the national average of 74.80%, and a sex ratio of 99.15 males per 1000 females. The ethnic population was 127. Muslims make up 84.29% while Hindus are 15.64% of the population. There is a small population of 1,000 Christians in the district, mainly in Nilphamari Sadar and Saidpur upazilas. The local dialect is Rangpuri , but there are many speakers of Urdu and Bihari languages in Saidpur. Nilphamari

120-454: A resilience that allows for constant nitrogen uptake despite varying conditions. Species of Indigofera are mostly shrubs , though some are small trees or herbaceous perennials or annuals . The branches are covered with silky hairs. Most of them have pinnate leaves made of three foliolates with short petioles. Small flowers grow in the leaf axils from long peduncles or spikes, their petals come in hues of red or purple, but there are

144-549: A subsidiary of the people of Nilphamari supplies power to rural areas of the district. NESCO, a subsidiary company of BPDB, supplies power in urban areas and Bazars. Nilphamari has an agriculture-based economy. Nilphamari produces rice, wheat, potato, tobacco, and many seasonal crops. The major occupation of the people is farming. Among the working population 45.28% are farmers, 27.81% are farm laborer's, 3.42% are daily workers, 8.65% are businessmen, 6.07% are government and non-government employers, 8.77% have other occupations. Nilsagar

168-674: Is a large genus of over 750 species of flowering plants belonging to the pea family Fabaceae . They are widely distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Indigofera is a varied genus that has shown unique characteristics making it an interesting candidate as a potential perennial crop. Specifically, there is diverse variation among species with a number of unique characteristics. Some examples of this diversity include differences in pericarp thickness, fruit type, and flowering morphology. The unique characteristics it has displayed include potential for mixed smallholder systems with at least one other species and

192-597: Is a long, cylindrical legume pod of varying size and shape. The types of fruit produced by different species of Indigofera can also be divided into broad categories that again show great variation. The three basic types of fruit categories can be separated by their curvature including straight, slightly curved, and falcate (sickle-shaped). In addition, several of the species including Indigofera microcarpa , Indigofera suffruticosa , and Indigofera enneaphylla have shown delayed dehiscence (maturing) of fruits This variation could again allow for artificial selection of

216-532: Is best known for its railway workshop. In 1870, the Assam-Bengal railway set up its largest workshop in Saidpur and many Biharis or Urdu-speakers came to work there. During the British rule the telephone exchange for the whole Assam-Bengal District was also situated in Saidpur, and it was the third-largest city of Bangladesh after Dhaka and Chittagong. Saidpur had the first airport in North Bengal. There

240-545: Is the main industrial centre of Rangpur Division. Apart from Uttara EPZ, Many Government and private industry situated here. Electricity has reached to almost every households. As of 2021, 100% people of this district get electricity. There are two(Jaldhaka and Saidpur) 132/33 KV Power Grid (National Power Grid-PGCB) Substation situated in Nilphamari. There is also a power plant in Saidpur of Nilphamari supplying 20 MW to National Power Grid-PGCB. Nilphamari Palli Bidyut Samity ,

264-488: The districts and upazilas and main cities in Bangladesh , including statistical data on population size, households, sex and age distribution, marital status, economically active population, literacy and educational attainment, religion, number of children etc. Bangladesh and India also conducted their first joint census of areas along their border in 2011. According to the census, Hindus constituted 8.5 per cent of

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288-564: The larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including the turnip moth ( Agrotis segetum ). 2011 Bangladesh census Religion in Bangladesh (2011 Census) In 2011, the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics conducted a national census in Bangladesh , which provided a provisional estimate of the total population of the country as 142,319,000. The previous decennial census was the 2001 census . Data were recorded from all of

312-733: The district are: Nilphamari district is connected with Dhaka by Bus, Train and Air. Trains available in Nilphamari are Nilsagar Express & Chilahati Express (Dhaka), Barendro Express & Titumir Express (Rajshahi), Rupsha Express, Simanto Express & Rocket Mail (Khulna). Major Bus services are Greenline, Nabil, Shyamoli, Hanif, SA Travels, and BRTC. There is an Airport at Saidpur near to Syedpur Cantonment Area about 20km from Nilphamari district town. UsBangla, Novoair,AirAstra,Biman Bangladesh Airirlines Respectively Giving Their Services To This Local Airport. Government Has Also Taken Initiatives For Reconstruction Works To Make It An International Airport. Indigofera See text. Indigofera

336-428: The east bank and an abode of a Muslim darvesh on the west bank of the dighi. The area of the dighi is 21.449 ha and depth ranges from 7m to 12m. The entire dighi is surrounded by brick walls. The main decorated ghat of the dighi was made by Raja Birat. Every year the banks of the dighi are used as a village fair site especially during the occasion of Baruni Snan festival in the full moon of the month of Baisakh. Usually, in

360-662: The fair the Harikirtan singers play music with many kinds of kirtan songs. Every year many tourists and various kinds of migratory birds come here. It is well known as a recreation zone and a picnic spot. The literacy rate of Nilphamari is 59.69% according to the 2011 Bangladesh census . There are 940 primary schools, 295 high schools, 95 colleges, 1 medical college, 2 government and 17 non-government technical institutes, 1 Primary Teachers Training Institute, 115 Dakhil Madrasas, 24 Alim Madrasas, 14 Fazil Madrasas and one Kamil Madrasa in Nilphamari. The noted educational institutions in

384-524: The genus Indigofera discovered at Huaca Prieta predate Egyptian indigo-dyed fabrics by more than 1,500 years. Colonial planters in the Caribbean grew indigo and transplanted its cultivation when they settled in the colony of South Carolina and North Carolina where people of the Tuscarora confederacy adopted the dyeing process for head wraps and clothing. Exports of the crop did not expand until

408-531: The mid-to late 18th century. When Eliza Lucas Pinckney and enslaved Africans successfully cultivated new strains near Charleston it became the second most important cash crop in the colony (after rice ) before the American Revolution . It comprised more than one-third of all exports in value. The chemical aniline , from which many important dyes are derived, was first synthesized from Indigofera suffruticosa ( syn. Indigofera anil , whence

432-427: The most abundant and nutritious fruit types and shapes. Another way to categorize Indigofera is by its pericarp thickness. The pericarp (the tissue from the ovary that surrounds the seeds) can be categorized as type I, type II, and type III with type I having the thinnest pericarp and fewest layers of schlerenchymatous (stiff) tissue and type III having the thickest pericarp and most schlerenchymatous layers. Despite

456-674: The name aniline). In Indonesia, the Sundanese use Indigofera tinctoria (known locally as tarum or nila ) as dye for batik . Marco Polo was the first to report on the preparation of indigo in India. Indigo was quite often used in European easel painting during the Middle Ages. Indigofera comprises the following species: The status of the following species is unresolved: Indigofera species are used as food plants by

480-445: The population as of 2011, down from 9.6 per cent in the 2001 census . Bangladesh has a population of 144,043,697 as per the 2011 census report. The majority of 130,201,097 reported that they were Muslims, 12,301,331 reported as Hindus, 864,262 as Buddhists, 532,961 as Christians and 201,661 as others. This Bangladeshi history-related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This census -related article

504-428: The previous examples of delayed dehiscence, most fruits of this genus show normal explosive dehiscence to disperse seeds. Similar to fruit shape, the variation in fruit sizes allows for the thickest and most bountiful fruits to be selected. Several species, especially Indigofera tinctoria and Indigofera suffruticosa , are used to produce the dye indigo . Scraps of Indigo-dyed fabric likely dyed with plants from

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528-411: Was also a cantonment during the British period. Deputy Commissioner (DC): Pankaj Ghosh (6 December 2022 - Present) According to the 2022 Census of Bangladesh , Nilphamari District had 505,605 households and a population of 2,092,568, of whom, 25.35% of the inhabitants lived in urban areas. 19.43% of the population was under 10 years of age. The population density was 1,353 people per km. Nilphamari had

552-567: Was derived from "Nil khamari". The many rivers in Nilphamari district include the Teesta , Buritista, Isamoti, Jamuneshwari, Dhum, Kumlai, Charalkata, Sorbomongola, Salki, Chikli, Chara and Deonai. There are four Municipal Corporation in Nilphamari district. Area of these Municipalities are Nilphamari 42.70 SqKm(27.50 SqKm Present, 15.20 SqKm Ongoing), Saidpur-34.42 SqKm, Jaldhaka-28.22 SqKm and Domar-9.421 SqKm. There are 60(sixty) Unions, 370 Moujas and 378 Village in Nilphamari district. Nilphamari

576-576: Was previously under the Rajshahi division. The Nilphamari subdivision was established in 1875. It was a subdivision of the Rangpur District. It was turned into a district in 1984. The district consists of 6 upazilas, 4 municipalities, 60 union parishads , 370 mouzas and 378 villages. The historical Tebhaga movement spread over Domar and Dimla of this district in the 1940s. Indigo used to be cultivated extensively in this district. Saidpur

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