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45-589: Numazu is at the northwestern end of the Izu Peninsula , which is a leisure destination known for its numerous hot springs . Mount Fuji , Japan's tallest mountain, may also be seen from Numazu on clear days. Numazu is located 130 kilometres (81 mi) west of Tokyo and is on the Tōkaidō Main Line , the main railway line from Osaka to Tokyo. Warmed by the Kuroshio Current , the area enjoys

90-471: A captain that fully understood how to use the safety equipment. The oceans cover nearly two thirds of the Earth's surface, and are continuously threatened by human behaviors and practices. By taking so many fish from the seas, humans have managed to remove entire links from the marine food chain . This causes a chain effect, leading to an overall upset of the delicate ecological balance. Sharks are one of

135-403: A crew member is caught in a line and pulled into a winch on deck. The installation of a readily accessible emergency stop switch on the winch can potentially prevent these kinds of injuries. Injury data collection systems have begun tracking fishing-related injuries (fatal and non-fatal), using publicly available reports such as news media. The U.S. Coast Guard has primary jurisdiction over

180-473: A deeply indented coastline to the west of Tokyo on the Pacific coast of the island of Honshu , Japan . Formerly known as Izu Province , Izu peninsula is now a part of Shizuoka Prefecture . The peninsula has an area of 1,421.24 km (548.74 sq mi) and its estimated population in 2005 was 473,942 people. The peninsula's populated areas are located primarily on the north and east. Tectonically,

225-476: A large profit. Many people working in commercial fishing are self-employed, with some or all of their pay dependent on the proceeds from the sale of the fish caught. In the UK, the technical term for this is share fisherman, which refers to anyone working without an employment contract, on a boat crewed by more than one person, and relying for their livelihood at least partly on a share of the profits or gross sales of

270-455: A large quantity of food to many countries around the world, but those who practice it as an industry must often pursue fish far into the ocean under adverse conditions. Large-scale commercial fishing is called industrial fishing . The major fishing industries are not only owned by major corporations but by small families as well. In order to adapt to declining fish populations and increased demand, many commercial fishing operations have reduced

315-413: A majority of fatal vessel disasters. The most frequent cause of death is falls overboard . Falling overboard specifically killed 182 fishermen in the period between 2000 and 2010. This fatality rate is 3 times that of the next most dangerous job in the U.S. and more than 25 times that of the national average across all workers. Most falls overboard went unwitnessed, and in none of the cases documented

360-589: A panoramic view of the city and the surrounding area. There is a shopping street close to the main train station. Numazu has the longest coastline of any municipality in the prefecture. The Senbonhama ("Thousand Tree Beach") seaside is considered one of the best places to view Osezaki, Nihondaira , or the southern Japan Alps against the background of Sembonmatsubara and Mount Fuji. Three aquariums are located in Numazu: Mito Sea Paradise, Awashima Marine Park and Numazu Deepblue Aquarium. Numazu

405-888: A result of a combination of severe weather conditions, extreme fatigue because any one fisherman usually puts in a 21-hour shift, and dangerous equipment. Commercial fishing has been identified by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) as a priority industry sector in the National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) to identify and provide intervention strategies regarding occupational health and safety issues. Common causes of fishing-related deaths include vessel disasters, falls overboard, and onboard injuries. Between 2000 and 2010, most vessel disasters often were initiated by flooding, vessel instability, and large waves, and that severe weather conditions contributed to

450-659: A result of its underlying geology, the peninsula is prone to frequent earthquake swarms and tsunamis , and it abounds in hot springs . All of Izu Peninsula is within Shizuoka Prefecture . It is administratively divided into eight cities and five towns: A popular resort region for tourists from the Kantō region , the Izu peninsula is primarily known for onsen hot spring resorts in Atami , Shuzenji , and Itō. The area

495-541: A warm maritime climate with hot, humid summers and mild, cool winters. The Kano River runs through the middle of the city. Mount Ashitaka (1188 meters) is the highest point in the city. Shizuoka Prefecture Per Japanese census data, the population of Numazu has been in slow decline over the past 30 years. The city has a climate characterized by hot and humid summers, and relatively mild winters ( Köppen climate classification Cfa ). The average annual temperature in Numazu

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540-412: A worldwide catch of well over a million tonnes in 1999, with herring and sardines together providing a catch of over 22 million metric tons in 1999. Many other species are fished in smaller numbers. In 2016, of the 171 million tonnes of fish caught, about 88 percent or over 151 million tonnes were utilized for direct human consumption. This share has increased significantly in recent decades, as it

585-970: Is 103.3 km (64.2 mi) from the Yōga Interchange (用賀インター Yōga Intā ) on the Tokyo end of the Tōmei Expressway to Numazu. To get to the eastern side, a branch at Atsugi leads to the Odawara-Atsugi Road , which continues past Odawara to Yugawara, Atami , and Shimoda. Izu Peninsula is also served by Japan National Route 135 , Japan National Route 136 , and Japan National Route 414 . Izu also offers two scenic roads, called " Izu Skyline " (伊豆スカイライン) and " Western Izu Skyline " (西伊豆スカイライン) that offer beautiful views on nature and Mt. Fuji. Both skyline roads are favorite spots of car and motorcycle enthusiasts. The Odakyu Electric Railway runs local bus services from Odawara and Hakone , and there

630-594: Is 15.9 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1938 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.8 °C, and lowest in January, at around 5.9 °C. Numazu is an ancient settlement, mentioned in Nara period records as the original provincial capital of Suruga Province before the separation of Izu Province from Suruga in 680 AD, and subsequent transfer of

675-401: Is also popular for sea bathing, surfing, golfing and motorcycle touring. The peninsula abuts Mount Fuji and is a part of Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park . The southwest coast of Izu, from the municipalities of Matsuzaki, Nishiizu and Minamiizu was designated a National Place of Scenic Beauty in 1937. Aside from tourism, agriculture and fishing are the mainstays of the local economy. Izu

720-469: Is an extensive but infrequent internal bus network. On August 12, 1985, Flight JAL 123 , while crossing peninsular airspace, experienced an explosion in the aft pressure bulkhead, resulting in an accident that killed 520 people, becoming one of the deadliest air disasters in human history. Commercial fishing Commercial fishing is the activity of catching fish and other seafood for commercial profit , mostly from wild fisheries . It provides

765-480: Is dominated by production of mandarin oranges and green tea , with Brussels sprouts , dairy products and rice as secondary products. Numazu is the location of the head office of Suruga Bank, Shizuoka Chuo Bank and Numazu Shinkin Bank. Numazu has 24 public elementary schools, 17 public middle schools one public combined middle/high school operated by the city government. The city has four public high schools operated by

810-537: Is one of the biggest producers of wasabi in Japan, and the local cuisine offers dishes flavored with wasabi . Nevertheless, these industries are not lucrative enough to prevent a heavy loss of population to Greater Tokyo and Shizuoka, particularly among the young. The northern parts of Izu peninsula is easily accessible from Tokyo and points west via the Tōkaidō Shinkansen , which has stations in both Atami in

855-572: Is specifically designed and updated to avoid catching certain species of animal that is unwanted or endangered. Billions of dollars are spent each year in researching/developing new techniques to reduce the injury and even death of unwanted marine animals caught by the fishermen. In fact, there was a study taken in 2000 on different deterrents and how effective they are at deterring the target species. The study showed that most auditory deterrents helped prevent whales from being caught while more physical barriers helped prevent birds from getting tangled within

900-474: Is the main setting of the anime Love Live! Sunshine!! , and several characters live in Uchiura and Awashima Island. As such, many tourists come to Numazu because of the anime, and various things in the city, such as taxicabs, buses, ferries, and manhole covers, have special Love Live -themed designs. Izu Peninsula The Izu peninsula ( 伊豆半島 , Izu-hantō ) is a large mountainous peninsula with

945-548: The 53 post stations . After the Meiji Restoration , Numazu Station was opened on the Tōkaidō Main Line on February 1, 1889. With the establishment of the modern municipalities system of the early Meiji period in 1889, the area was reorganized into Numazu Town within Suntō District, Shizuoka From its seaside location, Numazu gained a reputation as a health resort, which was further enhanced by its selection as

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990-861: The Izu peninsula results from the Philippine Sea Plate colliding with the Okhotsk Plate at the Nankai Trough . The Philippine Sea Plate, the Amurian Plate , and the Okhotsk Plate meet at Mount Fuji , a triple junction . The peninsula itself lies on the Philippine Sea Plate. The southern portion of the peninsula is composed largely of breccia , and the central and northern portions consist of numerous highly eroded volcanoes . The Amagi Mountain Range dominates

1035-563: The Shizuoka Prefectural Board of Education. There are also one private elementary school, one private combined middle/high school and five private high schools. The prefecture also operates three special education schools in Numazu for the handicapped. Numazu is a gateway to Mount Fuji, Hakone , and Izu Peninsula , which are major tourist attractions. The harbour area has seafood restaurants and features an anti- tsunami barrier with an observation floor on top that offers

1080-472: The United States, according to an economic report released by NOAA's Fisheries Service. Commercial fishing may offer an abundance of jobs, but the pay varies from boat to boat, season to season. Crab fisherman Cade Smith was quoted in an article by Business Week as saying, "There was always a top boat where the crew members raked in $ 50,000 during the three- to five-day king crab season—or $ 100,000 for

1125-485: The center of the peninsula with Mount Amagi (1,406 metres (4,613 ft)) and Mount Atami (773 metres (2,536 ft)) in the east and Mount Daruma (982 metres (3,222 ft)) in the west, with the eastern and western portions of the range extending underwater into Sagami Bay and Suruga Bay . The peninsula's major river, the Kano River in the north, flows through a graben valley created by plate tectonics. As

1170-418: The filthy environment. These can infect wild fish that swim near the enclosure, or whole colonies of fish if an infected farm fish escapes the enclosure. Overfishing occurs because fish are captured at a faster rate than they can reproduce. Both advanced fishing technologies and increased demand for fish have resulted in overfishing. The Food and Agricultural Organization has reported that "about 25 percent of

1215-430: The fishing boat's catch. Commercial fishing uses many different methods to effectively catch a large variety of species including the use of pole and line, trolling with multiple lines, trawling with large nets such as seine-netting, and traps or pots . Sustainability of fisheries is improved by using specific equipment that eliminates or minimizes catching non-targeted species. Fishing methods vary according to

1260-500: The food chain dynamics. Bycatch is the industry term for what they consider "unwanted or economically-worthless aquatic animals who are unintentionally caught using destructively indiscriminate fishing methods like longlines and driftnets , which generally target marketable marine creatures such as tuna and swordfish " There are also billions of other animals that are killed in this manner every year such as: sea turtles , marine mammals , and sea birds . Between 1990 and 2008, it

1305-456: The location of an imperial villa built for Emperor Meiji in 1893. The area become popular with other members of the nobility , statesmen (including Inoue Kaoru ) and writers. Numazu town expanded in 1923 by merger with Yanagihara village, becoming Numazu City on July 1, 1923. Central Numazu was destroyed by a fire in 1926. In 1944, the city further expanded through merger with neighboring Katahama, Kanaoka, Ooka and Shizuura villages. The city

1350-428: The longer snow crab season". That may be true, but there are also the boats who do not do well; Smith said later in the same article that his worst season left him with a loss of 500 dollars. The industry has had to adapt through the years in order to keep earning a profit. A study taken on some small family-owned commercial fishing companies showed that they adapted to continue to earn a living but not necessarily make

1395-496: The net. During 2010–2014, 188 commercial fishing fatalities occurred in the United States, with fatality rates in different fishing fleets ranging from 21 to 147 deaths per 100,000 full-time equivalent workers (FTEs), which is many times higher than the fatality rate for all U.S. workers. During 1919 and 2005, 4111 fishermen died in fishing related accidents in the United Kingdom industry alone. These deaths are generally

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1440-540: The northeast and Mishima in the northwest. JR Itō Line and the Izu Kyūkō Line provides service along the east coast of the peninsula to Shimoda, however given the lack of population, these services are less regular. Central Izu is served by the Sunzu Line as far as Shuzenji. The west coast of the peninsula is less developed, and has no train service. Izu Peninsula is served by numerous expressways. By car, it

1485-446: The ocean's most threatened groups (see list of threatened sharks ) because they are mistakenly caught by vessels searching for fish, and end up getting tossed back into the ocean dead or dying Some Asian cuisines value shark fin as a delicacy , incentivizing excessive catching of sharks and even finning practice among unregulated fishermen . This disappearance of sharks has enabled prey animals like rays to multiply, which alters

1530-640: The provincial capital to the banks of the Abe River in what is now Shizuoka city . During the early part of the Tokugawa shogunate , Numazu was ruled as part of Odawara Domain , but with the construction of Numazu Castle in 1777, it became the separate Numazu Domain . Numazu prospered in the Edo period from its location on the Tōkaidō highway connecting Edo with Kyoto , with Numazu-juku and Hara-juku as two of

1575-424: The reefs more vulnerable to invasion by non-native species. Fish farming is the raising of fish for food in underwater enclosures, otherwise known as aquaculture . There are environmental hazards such as waste, damage to ecosystems, and negative effects on humans. Because they are so densely packed together, the fecal matter that accumulates can create algal blooms , or deadly parasites and viruses that thrive on

1620-583: The region, the species being fished for, and the technology available to the fishermen. A commercial fishing enterprise may vary from one man with a small boat with hand-casting nets or a few pot traps , to a huge fleet of trawlers processing tons of fish every day. Commercial fishing gears in use today include surrounding nets (e.g. purse seine ), seine nets (e.g. beach seine), trawls (e.g. bottom trawl ), dredges, hooks and lines (e.g. long line and troll line ), lift nets, gillnets , entangling nets, Pole and Line, and traps Commercial fishing gear

1665-470: The safety of the U.S. commercial fishing fleet, enforcing regulations of the U.S. Commercial Fishing Industry Vessel Safety Act of 1988 (CFIVSA). CFIVSA regulations focus primarily on saving lives after the loss of a vessel and not on preventing vessels from capsizing or sinking, falls overboard, or injuries on deck. CFIVSA regulations require that commercial fishing vessels carry various equipment (e.g., life rafts, radio beacons, and immersion suits) depending on

1710-405: The size of the vessel and the area in which it operates. Not all commercial fishermen follow safety regulations and advice. One study of Maine fishermen found that less than 25% of the fishermen interviewed had recent training in first aid or CPR, only 75% of the boats had survival suits and only 36% had a survival craft. Even the ships that did have the necessary equipment did not consistently have

1755-601: The sustainability of their harvest by fishing further down the food chain. This raises concern for fishery managers and researchers, who highlight how further they say that for those reasons, the sustainability of the marine ecosystems could be in danger of collapsing. Commercial fishermen harvest a wide variety of animals. However, a very small number of species support the majority of the world's fisheries; these include herring , cod , anchovy , tuna , flounder , mullet , squid , shrimp , salmon , crab , lobster , oyster and scallops . All except these last four provided

1800-583: The village of Heda (from Tagata District ) was merged into Numazu. In 2007, Numazu hosted the 29th WorldSkills International Championship. Numazu has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city legislature of 28 members. Numazu is an industrial city and regional financial center, and its port is a major center of Shizuoka prefecture's commercial fishing industry. Numazu produces more dried Japanese horse mackerel than any other region in Japan. The city accounts for about half of Japan's total production. Agriculture

1845-417: The world's captured fish end up thrown overboard because they are caught unintentionally (bycatch), are illegal market species, or are of inferior quality and size" It should not go unnoticed that overfishing has caused more ecological extinction than any other human influence on coastal ecosystems. The global environmental problem of oceanic microplastics is largely caused by plastic-made fishing gear that

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1890-596: Was 67 percent in the 1960s. In 2016, the greatest part of the 12 percent used for non-food purposes (about 20 million tonnes) was reduced to fishmeal and fish oil (74 percent or 15 million tonnes), while the rest (5 million tonnes) was largely utilized as material for direct feeding in aquaculture and raising of livestock and fur animals, in culture (e.g. fry, fingerlings or small adults for ongrowing), as bait, in pharmaceutical uses and for ornamental purposes. The industry, in 2006, also managed to generate over 185 billion dollars in sales and also provide over two million jobs in

1935-464: Was a target for American air raids in World War II , and was largely destroyed by bombing on July 17, 1945 . In 1955, the villages of Ashitaka, Oohira, Uchiura, and Nishiura merged with Numazu, and in 1968 Hara Town also merged with Numazu. In the year 2000, Numazu was designated a Special City ( 特例市 , Tokurei-shi ) by the central government with increased local autonomy. In April 2005,

1980-472: Was estimated that 8.5 million sea turtles were fatally caught in nets or on longlines as bycatch. Coral reefs are biodiversity -rich ecosystems which provide habitat for millions of aquatic species such as sponges, star fish, jellyfish, sea turtles, etc. Reef ecosystems are highly sensitive to chemical, temperature, and population changes. There has been an increasing disappearance of large predators such as barracuda , Nassau groupers , and sharks This makes

2025-419: Was the victim wearing a personal flotation device (PFD) . Several institutions have tried to change the culture surrounding safety on commercial fishing boats, especially around wearing personal flotation devices. The Alaska Scallop Association mandates that every fisherman must wear a PFD while on deck of the boat, and other organizations have purchased more wearable PFDs. Onboard injuries often result when

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