Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis ( SSPE ), also known as Dawson disease , is a rare form of progressive brain inflammation caused by a persistent infection with the measles virus . The condition primarily affects children, teens, and young adults. It has been estimated that about 2 in 10,000 people who get measles will eventually develop SSPE. However, a 2016 study estimated that the rate for unvaccinated infants under 15 months was as high as 1 in 609. No cure for SSPE exists, and the condition is almost always fatal. SSPE should not be confused with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis , which can also be caused by the measles virus, but has a very different timing and course.
8-411: SSPE may refer to: Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis - A rare disease of the brain caused by measles infection. Securitisation Special Purpose Entity - A common type of special purpose entity used to securitise loans or other receivables. Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
16-456: Is almost always elevated, constituting up to 20 to 60% of CSF protein. Serum and CSF contain elevated levels of measles virus antibodies. Anti-measles IgG appears to increase as the disease progresses. If test results are inconclusive, brain biopsy may be needed." There is no cure available. If the diagnosis is made during stage 1 it may be possible to treat the disease with oral isoprinosine (Inosiplex) and intraventricular interferon alfa , but
24-463: Is caused by the wild-type virus, not by vaccine strains. SSPE is characterized by a history of primary measles infection, followed by an asymptomatic period that lasts 7 years on average but can range from 1 month to 27 years. After the asymptomatic period, progressive neurological deterioration occurs, characterized by behavior change, intellectual problems, myoclonic seizures , blindness, ataxia , and eventually death. Symptoms progress through
32-522: The Merck Manual : "SSPE is suspected in young patients with dementia and neuromuscular irritability. EEG, CT or MRI, CSF examination, and measles serologic testing are done. EEG shows periodic complexes with high-voltage diphasic waves occurring synchronously throughout the recording. CT or MRI may show cortical atrophy or white matter lesions. CSF examination usually reveals normal pressure, cell count, and total protein content; however, CSF globulin
40-424: The following 4 stages: A large number of nucleocapsids are produced in the neurons and the glial cells . In these cells the viral genes that encode envelope proteins have restricted expression. As a result, infectious particles like the M protein are not produced, and the virus is able to survive persistently without evoking an immune response. Eventually the infection will lead to SSPE. According to
48-530: The prognosis is bleak for SSPE past stage 1, there is a 5% spontaneous remission rate—this may be either a full remission that may last many years or an improvement in condition giving a longer progression period or at least a longer period with the less severe symptoms. SSPE is a rare condition, although there is still relatively high incidence in Asia and the Middle East. However, the number of reported cases
56-439: The response to these drugs varies from patient to patient, and the only accepted treatments are supportive measures such as anticonvulsants . Following onset of stage 2, the disease is invariably fatal. In the classic presentation of the disease, death occurs in 1 to 3 years, but faster and slower progressions can occur. Faster deterioration in cases of acute fulminant SSPE leads to death within 3 months of diagnosis. Although
64-466: The title SSPE . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SSPE&oldid=906922906 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis SSPE
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