Misplaced Pages

#848151

11-527: SXR may refer to: Pregnane X receptor , a nuclear receptor whose primary function is to sense the presence of foreign toxic substances Srinagar International Airport (IATA code SXR), in Jammu and Kashmir, India Soft X-rays Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title SXR . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

22-740: A heterodimer with the 9-cis retinoic acid receptor RXR . It is activated by a range of compounds that induce CYP3A4, including dexamethasone and rifampicin . PXR is activated by a large number of endogenous and exogenous chemicals including steroids (e.g., progesterone , 17α-hydroxyprogesterone , 17α-hydroxypregnenolone , 5α-dihydroprogesterone , 5β-dihydroprogesterone , allopregnanolone , corticosterone , cyproterone acetate , spironolactone , dexamethasone , mifepristone ), antibiotics (e.g., rifampicin , rifaximin ), antimycotics , bile acids , hyperforin (a constituent of St. John's Wort ), and other compounds such as meclizine , paclitaxel , cafestol , and forskolin . Ketoconazole

33-457: Is an example of one of the relatively few-known antagonists of the PXR. SPA70 (also known as LC-1) was recently identified and characterized as a potent and selective PXR antagonist. Like other type II nuclear receptors , when activated, it forms a hetero dimer with the retinoid X receptor , and binds to hormone response elements on DNA which elicits expression of gene products. One of

44-526: Is needed for normal development and health. Given this, it is difficult to extrapolate whether the RXR pathway has its own endogenous activity driven by 9-cis retinoic acid species or whether it merely participates in other pathways, predominantly the retinoic nuclear receptor pathway. Genomic knockout of the RXRs results in obesity resistance while bexarotene treatment causes severe hypothyroidism , suggesting that

55-567: Is the only specific activator of the RXRs which does not activate the Retinoic Acid Receptors . There are three retinoic X receptors (RXR): RXR-alpha , RXR-beta , and RXR-gamma , encoded by the RXRA , RXRB , RXRG genes, respectively. RXR heterodimerizes with multiple nuclear receptors including CAR , FXR , LXR , PPAR , PXR , RAR , TR , ER and VDR . RXRs are permissive co-receptors as only one of six alleles

66-493: The United States National Library of Medicine , which is in the public domain . Retinoid X receptor The retinoid X receptor ( RXR ) is a type of nuclear receptor that is activated by 9-cis retinoic acid , which is discussed controversially to be of endogenous relevance, and 9- cis -13,14-dihydroretinoic acid, which may be an endogenous mammalian RXR-selective agonist. Bexarotene

77-472: The RXR pathway functions at least to regulate the Thyroid Receptor pathway. As with other type II nuclear receptors, the RXR heterodimer in the absence of ligand is bound to hormone response elements complexed with corepressor protein. Binding of agonist ligands to RXR results in dissociation of corepressor and recruitment of coactivator protein, which, in turn, promotes transcription of

88-459: The expression of proteins involved in the detoxification and clearance of these substances from the body. PXR belongs to the nuclear receptor superfamily, members of which are transcription factors characterized by a ligand-binding domain and a DNA-binding domain . PXR is a transcriptional regulator of the cytochrome P450 gene CYP3A4 , binding to the response element of the CYP3A4 promoter as

99-504: The field of molecular biology , the pregnane X receptor ( PXR ), also known as the steroid and xenobiotic sensing nuclear receptor ( SXR ) or nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2 ( NR1I2 ) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NR1I2 (nuclear Receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2) gene. PXR is a nuclear receptor whose primary function is to sense the presence of foreign toxic substances and in response up regulate

110-606: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SXR&oldid=1089456549 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Pregnane X receptor 8856 18171 ENSG00000144852 ENSMUSG00000022809 O75469 O54915 NM_033013 NM_003889 NM_022002 NM_001098404 NM_010936 NP_003880 NP_071285 NP_148934 NP_001091874 NP_035066 In

121-406: The primary targets of PXR activation is the induction of CYP3A4 , an important phase I oxidative enzyme that is responsible for the metabolism of many drugs . In addition, PXR up regulates the expression of phase II conjugating enzymes such as glutathione S-transferase and phase III transport uptake and efflux proteins such as OATP2 and MDR1 . This article incorporates text from

SECTION 10

#1732791438849
#848151