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46-687: Safford may refer to : Safford, Arizona Safford, Alabama , an unincorporated community in Dallas County, Alabama Safford House , a historic home in Tarpon Springs, Florida Safford Cape (1906–1973), American composer and musicologist Andrew Safford House , 1819, designed in the Federal style by an unknown architect Anson P.K. Safford (1830–1891), 3rd Governor of Arizona Territory (1869–1877) Laurance Safford (1890–1973),

92-525: A U.S. Signal Corps officer named Colonel William A. Glassford established an innovative signal system. Atop mountain peaks throughout southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico, soldiers manned stations using mirrors, or heliographs, to flash messages across great distances. Heliograph Peak, as one of the highest mountains in southeast Arizona, served as one of the peaks in that system. Miles cornered Geronimo in 1886 and had him sent into exile in Florida.

138-590: A U.S. Navy cryptologist Truman Henry Safford (1836–1901), an American calculating prodigy William Edwin Safford (1859–1926), an American botanist and ethnologist Benton Safford , a fictional character in novels by R. B. Dominic James M. Safford (1822–1907), an American geologist See also [ edit ] Katherine Safford Harris , a noted psychologist and speech scientist George Safford Parker (1863–1937), an American inventor and industrialist Safford Unified School District v. Redding ,

184-623: A United States Supreme Court case concerning a strip search conducted by public school officials Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Safford . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Safford&oldid=990019181 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description

230-409: A bachelors degree. For those aged 25 and over, 3.3% completed less than 9th grade, 9.3% completed 9-12th grade with no diploma, 22.5% completed high school, 38.7% have completed some college, 9.2% hold an associates degree, 12.4% hold a bachelors degree, and 4.6% hold a graduate or professional degree. 15.5% of males aged 25 and over hold some kind of college degree while 27.6% of females 25 and over hold

276-473: A college degree. Of the population aged 16 or over, 61.7% are in the labor force and 5.9% of the 18 and over population are veterans. The average household income was $ 57,904 while the median household income was $ 50,255. 27.7% of those under 18, 17.9% of those aged 18–64, and 16.9% of those aged 65 and over live beneath the poverty line. In 2017, the poverty line for a single person in the United States

322-405: A one-acre ecology education pond and over four miles of trials that take you through the habitat of native and migratory birds, reptiles, and mammals. The Safford City-Graham County Library provides citizens of Safford with books, computers, free classes, childhood literacy programs and entertainment. It serves 13,625 total citizens between Graham, Greenlee and Gila counties. The city of Safford

368-634: Is a need to use silvicultural management and prescribed burning to begin to restore the natural balance in the remaining forests and woodlands." Sitting atop the highest mountain in the Pinaleños is Mount Graham International Observatory (MGIO), a division of the Steward Observatory primarily maintained by the University of Arizona . The observatory is home to some of the most sophisticated astronomical instruments and telescopes in

414-483: Is already partially operational. Construction of the observatory was authorized by the United States Congress in 1988. There were two sources of controversy related to the observatory. First, some Native Americans consider the site to be sacred . They argued that it was unacceptable to deface the sacred mountains with an observatory. Second, some environmentalists worried that construction of

460-713: Is an Orthodox women's cenobitic community which follows the traditional rule of monastic life. The monastery, under the jurisdiction of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia (ROCOR)- Western Diocese is situated in the high Sonoran Desert at the base of Mount Graham . The Town of Safford was incorporated October 10, 1901, and changed to City of Safford in 1955. The city's largest employers are Freeport-McMoRan Copper and Gold , Safford Unified Schools , DRG Technologies Inc, Bowman Consulting Group, Open Loop Energy and Walmart . Recently, Freeport-McMoRan opened two mining facilities just north of

506-638: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Safford, Arizona Safford ( Western Apache : Ichʼįʼ Nahiłtį́į́ ) is a city in Graham County , Arizona , United States. According to the 2020 Census , the population of the city is 10,129. The city is the county seat of Graham County. Safford is the principal city of the Safford Micropolitan Statistical Area , which includes all of Graham County. Safford

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552-747: Is operated by the University of Arizona. Pinale%C3%B1o Mountains The Pinaleño/Pinal Band (Spanish term: "Pinery People", Western Apache: Tiis Ebah Nnee —"Cottonwoods Gray in the Rocks People") of the San Carlos Apache ( Tsékʼáádn —"Metate People"), one of the subgroups of the Western Apache people and their kin and close allies, the Hwaalkamvepaya/Walkamepa Band ("Pine Mountains People") of

598-612: Is served by a freight rail line, the Arizona Eastern Railway , and hosts an air facility, Safford Regional Airport . Additionally the Arizona Department of Transportation is upgrading U.S. Route 191 from Interstate 10 into a full four-lane highway. ADOT is considering putting a U.S. Route 70 loop south of the city that would run from Swift Trail Junction to Thatcher . San Carlos Apache Nnee Bich'o Nii Transit provides transportation from Safford to

644-749: Is served by the Safford Police Department, headed by Chief Glen Orr. Additional law enforcement services are provided by the Graham County Sheriff's Office . Fire protection is provided by the Safford Volunteer Fire Department. The department was organized May 20, 1907, with a Fire Chief and 12 other town volunteers. Today, Safford's volunteer Fire Department consists of a Fire Chief and 31 other volunteer firefighters. The department responds to more than 200 calls per year. The department services

690-730: The Galápagos , a discovery that played a major role in his theory of natural selection . The Mount Graham red squirrel is an isolated population of red squirrels and possibly a subspecies as well. Safford and Willcox , Arizona are the nearest towns to the Pinaleños. The diversity of the flora and fauna in the Pinaleños make them an especially notable range. Trees that grow there include: Douglas fir , Engelmann spruce , quaking aspen , Ponderosa pine , silverleaf oaks (south-facing slopes), box elder , and bigtooth maple . Frequently seen animals include mule deer , Coue's white tail deer , hawks, and black bear . The Mount Graham red squirrel

736-598: The Guwevkabaya/Kwevkepaya ("Southern People"), one of the three Yavapai regional groupings were either named after the Pinaleño Mountains or the mountains were named after them (both people used this range as primary source for pine nuts , which have long been a staple food for many Native American tribes). The mountains are a Madrean sky island range that is typical of southern Arizona, specifically south-central Arizona, and especially

782-552: The San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation and Globe . Greyhound Lines serves Safford on its Phoenix - El Paso via Globe route with a stop in Thatcher. The Safford Unified School District serves the entire city of Safford and some minor outlying areas. The nearby Eastern Arizona College provides higher education services, and a University of Arizona agricultural extension is located to

828-428: The 2019 American Community Survey , There were 3,313 households, out of which 31.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.8% were married couples living together, 17.9% had a female householder with no male present, 6.9% had a male householder with no female present, and 35.3% were non-families. 27.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.7% of these households had someone living alone who

874-562: The Americas. "Researchers from the University of Arizona Tree Ring Laboratory have discovered living trees that date back to 1257 and 1270 AD. Botanists say the Douglas firs have survived because the rocky cliffs of the mountains have served as a fire barrier for them. The scientists also found dead firs that dated as far back as 1102 AD." Columbine is a Remote Automated Weather Station in the Pinaleño Mountains, located on Mount Graham near

920-533: The Apache scouts that had helped defeat Geronimo were also sent into exile along with him because of questions about their loyalty. Shortly thereafter, the heliograph system was abandoned along with a number of forts used in the Apache campaign. The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) completed many projects in the 1930s. "Men from all over the country came to the area to work in numerous camps, several located on Mount Graham." Treasure Park and Columbine were used during

966-559: The Columbine Corrals Campground. At an elevation of 9521 ft (2902 m), Columbine has a humid continental climate ( Köppen Dfb ), but the climate transitions to a subalpine climate ( Köppen Dfc ) at higher elevations, nearer the peak of Mount Graham . Heliograph Peak was home to a 19th-century heliograph station. During General Nelson Miles ' mid-1880s campaign against the Apaches led by Geronimo ,

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1012-588: The Mt. Graham International Observatory, a public access observatory with a research grade 20" Cassagrain telescope, the World's largest permanent mount "Camera Obscura", a full motion Shuttle simulator that takes you on an exciting ride through the Milky Way galaxy, and galleries of historical artifacts from Graham County and the "History of Astronomy" Gallery, as well as a beautifully restored Sonoran riparian area featuring

1058-715: The Pinaleños and nearby mountain ranges including the Galiuros , Dos Cabezas, White Mountains , Gilas , Rincons and Santa Catalinas . The tower still stands as of 2006, however, most fire watching efforts in Arizona are conducted from the ground or by airplane. In the summer of 2004 the Nuttall Complex Fire burned over 30,000 acres (12,000 ha) in the Pinaleños. Monsoon rains helped firefighters in their efforts. The firefighting cost over $ 8.5 million and engaged over 800 firefighters. "Crews were able to prevent

1104-511: The Pinaleños maintained healthy, resilient ecosystems that were adapted to naturally occurring fire regimes (primarily frequent, low-intensity wildfires)." They go on to explain that "After European settlement, the natural ecosystem processes were interrupted by passive ( overgrazing ) and active fire suppression, and harvest of large-diameter trees. The result is that today the forests are composed of overly dense, small-diameter trees and snags with excessive amounts of downed wood. The composition of

1150-417: The average high temperature is 60 °F or 15.6 °C with a low of 29 °F or −1.7 °C. In July, the average high temperature is 98 °F or 36.7 °C with a low of 68 °F or 20 °C. Annual precipitation averages around 9.8 inches (248.9 mm), and snowfall is exceptionally rare: the mean is around 0.8 inches (0.020 m) but the median is zero. Monastery of St. Paisius, Safford

1196-565: The city that make up the largest new mining operation in North America . Arizona State Prison Complex - Safford also employs many residents, as does the Federal Correctional Institution, Safford . Agriculture is considered to be a major economic activity, with cotton fields and a gin located in the city. A billboard along US Highway 70 announces "Safford .... Copper, Cattle & Cotton". The community

1242-407: The city's 5 square miles (13 km ) as well as encompassing an area of 110 square miles (280 km ) outside the city. Due to Safford's relatively isolated dark sky location, the area has been chosen as a prime spot for hosting observatories. Safford and Thatcher's street lights are low-output to improve the quality of the images taken by the observatories atop the mountain to the southwest of

1288-705: The city. The mountain for which the county is named, Mount Graham , is just a few miles southwest of the city. The mountain is home to the Mount Graham International Observatory (MGIO) and Large Binocular Telescope , or LBT. The mountain is also home to the Vatican Advanced Technology Telescope , or VATT, and the Heinrich Hertz Submillimeter Telescope , or SMT. The Mount Graham International Observatory complex

1334-553: The complete southeastern quadrant of Arizona, from Tucson , and Globe to Nogales , Douglas , and the Chiricahuas . Sky island ranges are mountains isolated by desert valleys. The deserts, as well as differences in elevation, prevent flora and fauna from traveling to or from nearby ecosystems. As a result, the mountain ecosystems are isolated, and distinct subspecies can develop. This is similar to what Charles Darwin discovered with species he collected from different islands in

1380-487: The east of the city. Legislation has been suggested in state committee to transform the nearby Eastern Arizona College from its present status as a two-year community college into a full four-year educational institution. Safford is also home to the Eastern Arizona College's Discovery Park Campus , a unique public educational destination facility that provides tours of the world-class telescopes at

1426-489: The end of the Pleistocene glacial periods. It is still rather unclear if the Mt. Graham red squirrel is distinct or not from red squirrels elsewhere. Studies on genetic data are in progress. Astronomers and other personnel working at the site have faced protests, threats of physical violence, and attempts at sabotage on the mountain. As a result of this conflict, a "squirrel permit" must be obtained by anyone visiting

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1472-515: The fire from damaging the Mount Graham International Observatory and the cabins. There were only two structures damaged by the fires. A historic fire lookout was partially burned, and an electronic equipment storage shack was damaged Tuesday when the Gibson fire hit Heliograph Peak." Arizona's Governor Janet Napolitano visited the area at the time of the fire. "This is a big, major fire, and it concerns us all," she said. Regarding her aerial tour,

1518-413: The fires of 2004 as an event possibly driven in part by global warming. The agency states that "global climate change and drought are helping to poise the Pinaleños for epidemic insect or disease outbreaks and catastrophic, stand-replacing fires. Indeed, both of these events have taken place in recent years. The flora and fauna have not evolved to tolerate these new conditions or catastrophic events, so there

1564-476: The governor said, "The fire looks a lot better today than it did a week ago. I flew over Mount Graham on July 4 and all I could see was smoke. Now, I can clearly see the perimeters the firefighters have been burning." Napolitano provided for inmate wildland fire crews to provide fire suppression and forest thinning services. Because the Pinaleños are a sky island mountain range, they are by definition unique. The U.S. Forest Service claims that "prior to about 1870,

1610-484: The mixed-conifer forest between about 8,500 and 10,000 feet (3,000 m) elevation has shifted from fire-adapted to fire-intolerant tree species." Because they are a fragile eco-system, even small climate changes can have a profound effect. With potentially larger climate changes underway, the ecology of the Pinaleños could be threatened. This is the interpretation of the Forest Service. In particular some view

1656-407: The observatory at a facility towards the base of the mountain. The Swift Trail ( Arizona Route 366 ) is a modern highway making the Pinaleños very accessible. The road is 36 miles (58 km) long with 23 paved miles plus 13 miles (21 km) of graded dirt. In the course of an afternoon you can experience climate zones you would see in a drive from Mexico to Canada. This switchbacking mountain road

1702-469: The population being 14 and under, 8.3% being 15-19, 8.9% being 20-24, 13.6% being 25-34, 10.5% being 35-44, 12.3% being 45-54, 8.9% being 55-64, and 14.7% being 65 and over. 84.3% of households speak English alone while 15.4% primarily speak Spanish and 0.3% speak another language. For those aged 18–24 years, 20.6% have completed less than high school, 29.5% have completed high school or equivalency, 42.5% have some college or an associates degree, and 7.5% hold

1748-571: The site would adversely affect the endangered population of the Mount Graham Red Squirrel . The Mount Graham subspecies was thought to have been extinct in the 1950s, but small numbers of squirrels were "rediscovered" in the 1970s. The squirrel was added to the federal endangered species list in 1987 by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, when the estimated population in 1986 was fewer than 400. The Mount Graham subspecies has been isolated from other subspecies of red squirrels since

1794-496: The southwest of town. The Pinaleños have the greatest vertical relief of any mountain range in Arizona. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 8.6 square miles (22 km ), of which 8.6 square miles (22 km ) is land and 0.03 square miles (0.078 km ) (0.18%) is water. As of the census of 2020, there were 10,129 people in the city and the population density

1840-462: The summer months, and Arcadia, Noon Creek and other sites were used during the winter months. "Many of the improvements at campgrounds, as well as hiking trails, roads and other facilities now enjoyed by many visitors to Mount Graham, were built by the CCC personnel." One of their projects included the construction of a 99-foot (30 m) steel framed lookout tower on Heliograph Peak to watch for fires in

1886-552: The world. Upon completion (fall 2006) the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) will peer deeper into space than ever before, and with ten times the clarity of the Hubble Space Telescope . With unparalleled observational capability, astronomers will be able to view planets in distant solar systems, and detect and measure objects dating back to the beginning of time (14 billion years ago). The LBT

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1932-410: Was 1,093.02 inhabitants per square mile (422.02/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 67.7% White , 1.1% Black or African American , 2.3% Native American , 0.8% Asian , 0.08% Pacific Islander , 17.4% from other races , and 17.4% from two or more races, 0.5% from three or more races, and 0.05% from four or five races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 42.9% of the population. According to

1978-424: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.85 and the average family size was 3.55. With a total of 4102 housing units in the city, 63.4% of homes were owner occupied and 36.6% were renter occupied. The population consisted of 50.6% males and 49.4% females with the average age being 32.1. 28.4% of the population was under the age of 18 and 71.6% over the age of 18. Further breakdown shows 22.9% of

2024-570: Was an income of less than $ 12,060 per year The climate is hot semi-arid ( Köppen : BSh ) softened by the plateau rise (it receives enough rainfall not to fall into a hot desert , BWh ). It is much hotter than most places in eastern Arizona due to its relatively low elevation of 2,953 feet (900 m) at the Agricultural Center where records are kept, and often reaches temperatures almost as hot as found in Phoenix . In January,

2070-486: Was founded by Joshua Eaton Bailey, Hiram Kennedy, and Edward Tuttle, who came from Gila Bend , in southwestern Arizona . They left Gila Bend in the winter of 1873-74 because their work on canals and dams had been destroyed by high water the previous summer. Upon arrival early in 1874, the villagers laid out the town site, including a few crude buildings. The town is named after Arizona Territorial Governor Anson P. K. Safford . The Pinaleño Mountains sit prominently to

2116-403: Was once considered to be extinct, but was "rediscovered" in the 1970s and as of June 3, 1987, is officially listed as endangered. Unlike many of the other mountains in the area, the Pinaleños have no lava deposits. The lava-based mountains found throughout Arizona tend to be barren, whereas the Pinaleños (and others) have a large number of trees, including many that pre-date Columbus's arrival in

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