41-502: Sahnewal is a city and a municipal council in Ludhiana district in the Indian state of Punjab . It is the hometown of the popular Deol family of Bollywood and the birthplace of Sunny Deol . As per 2011 census , population is 22,484 out of which 11,989 are males and 10,495 are females and average Sex Ratio of is 875. Ludhiana district Ludhiana district is one of
82-578: A length of 309 km (192 mi). The drop in height is 3,256 m (10,682 ft). Historically, the river was the centre of the Zhangzhung Kingdom until its fall in the 8th century AD. Sutlej is an antecedent river , which existed before the Himalayas and entrenched itself while they were rising. The Sutlej, along with all of the Punjab rivers, is thought to have drained east into
123-632: A proposal to build a 214-kilometre (133 mi) long heavy freight and irrigation canal, to be known as the Sutlej-Yamuna Link (SYL) to connect the Sutlej and Yamuna rivers. The project is intended to connect the Ganges, which flows to the east coast of the subcontinent, with points west, via Pakistan. When completed, the SYL would enable inland shipping from India's east coast to its west coast (on
164-644: A result of the communal violence following the Partition of India . Ludhiana is a centrally located city of Punjab, which is on the Grand Trunk Road from Delhi to Amritsar at latitude 30.55 North and longitude 75.54 East in Northern India. Ludhiana is the most centrally located district in the Malwa region of the state of Punjab. For administrative purposes, it has been placed in
205-439: Is 76.5% and female literacy is 69.4%. The effective literacy of 7+ population of Ludhiana district is 82.20%, of which male is 86% and female literacy is 77.9%. The sex ratio of 873 females for every 1,000 males. The total Scheduled Caste population is 923,358 (26.39%). There were 716826 households in the district in 2011. The number of workers in the district is 1285,000, which means a work participation rate of 36.7%. Out of
246-483: Is a part of the Ludhiana Lok Sabha constituency and Fatehgarh Sahib Lok Sabha constituency . Ludhiana East , Ludhiana North , Ludhiana Central , Ludhiana West , Ludhiana South , Atam Nagar , Dakha , Gill and Jagraon comes under Ludhiana Lok Sabha constituency . Khanna , Samrala , Sahnewal , Payal and Raikot comes under Fatehgarh Sahib Lok Sabha constituency . Amrinder Singh Raja Warring
287-619: Is a river in Ngari , Tibet , China . The name Langqên , Tibetan for "elephant", is because of a valley that resembles an elephant trunk. This river is the main source of the Sutlej, a tributary of Indus River . It enters India at Shipki La pass. The source is south of Gangdise Range , in Ngari Prefecture. Its course is mainly in the Zanda County . The river drains an area of 22,760 km (8,790 sq mi), and covers
328-734: Is also known as Satadru . It is the easternmost tributary of the Indus River . The Bhakra Dam is built around the river Sutlej to provide irrigation and other facilities to the states of Punjab, Rajasthan and Haryana . The waters of the Sutlej are allocated to India under the Indus Waters Treaty between India and Pakistan, and are mostly diverted to irrigation canals in India like the Sirhind Canal , Bhakra Main Line and
369-543: Is divided into seven tehsils , which are: - Ludhiana West Tehsil is a tehsil in Ludhiana district. It has 125 villages. Ludhiana East Tehsil is a tehsil in Ludhiana district. It has 181 villages. Also, there are seven sub-tehsils in Ludhiana district: - Satluj River The Sutlej River ( / ˈ s ʌ t l ə dʒ / ) is the longest of the five rivers that flow through the historic crossroads region of Punjab in northern India and Pakistan . The Sutlej River
410-476: Is the MP from Ludhiana and Dr. Amar Singh is current MP from Fatehgarh Sahib , they both are member of Indian National Congress . Amrinder Singh Raja Warring is MP since 2024 and Dr. Amar Singh is MP since 2019 . There are total 14 assembly constituencies in Ludhiana district . Following is a list of the assembly constituencies in the district. (in 2024) For the administrative purpose, Ludhiana district
451-509: The Buddha Nala , constitute the chief hydrographic features of the district. A brief description of these is as follows. According to the 2011 census , Ludhiana district has a population of 3,498,739 roughly equal to the nation of Panama or the US state of Connecticut . Ludhiana district has a total of 2,560,225 literates which constitutes 73.5% of the population, of which male literary
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#1732781062597492-663: The Ganges prior to 5 mya . There is substantial geologic evidence to indicate that prior to 1700 BC, and perhaps much earlier, the Sutlej was an important tributary of the Ghaggar-Hakra River (thought to be the legendary Sarasvati River ) rather than the Indus, with various authors putting the redirection from 2500 to 2000 BC, from 5000 to 3000 BC, or before 8000 BC. Geologists believe that tectonic activity created elevation changes which redirected
533-592: The Garuda Valley by the Zhangzhung , the ancient civilization of western Tibet . The Garuda Valley was the centre of their empire, which stretched many miles into the nearby Himalayas . The Zhangzhung built a towering palace in the Upper Sutlej Valley called Kyunglung , the ruins of which still exist today near the village of Moincêr , southwest of Mount Kailash (Mount Ti-se). Eventually,
574-510: The Rajasthan canal . The mean annual flow is 14 million acre feet (MAF) (roughly 1.727 × 10 L) upstream of Ropar barrage , downstream of the Bhakra dam. It has several major hydroelectric points, including the 1,325 MW Bhakra Dam , the 1,000 MW Karcham Wangtoo Hydroelectric Plant , and the 1,500 MW Nathpa Jhakri Dam . The drainage basin in India includes
615-584: The Supreme Court of India . To augment nearly 100 tmcft (some 2.832 × 10 L) water availability for the needs of this link canal, Tso Moriri lake/Lingdi Nadi (a tributary of Tso Moriri lake) waters can be diverted to the Sutlej basin by digging a 10 km=long gravity canal to connect to the Ungti Chu river. The Upper Sutlej Valley, called Langqên Zangbo in Tibet , was once known as
656-447: The 23 districts in the Indian state of Punjab . It is Punjab's largest district by both area and population. Ludhiana , the largest city in Punjab, is the district headquarters. The main industries are bicycle parts and hosiery. Ludhiana is a hub of ladies footwear manufacturing, with around 10,000 small-scale units. The district is made up of seven tehsils , seven sub- tehsils and twelve development blocks. Ludhiana district has
697-499: The Arabian sea) without having to round the southern tip of India by sea, vastly shortening shipping distances, alleviating pressures on seaports, avoiding sea hazards, creating business opportunities along the route, raising real estate values, raising tax revenue, and establishing important commercial links and providing jobs for north-central India's large population. However, the proposal has met with obstacles and has been referred to
738-637: The Arabian sea. In approx. 1797 BC, the course of the Sutlej river moved towards the north to join the Beas river . About 17 kilometres (11 mi) north of Uch Sharif , the Sutlej unites with the Chenab River , forming the Panjnad River , which finally flows into the Indus river about 100 kilometres (62 mi) west of the city of Bahawalpur . The area to the southeast on the Pakistani side of
779-571: The British, which confined his activities to the right bank of the Sutlej. British troops were permanently stationed in Ludhiana and the Cis-Sutlej states came under British protection. According to the 1901 census, Hindus numbered 269,076, or 40% of the total; Muslims, 235,937, or 35%; and Sikhs, 164,919, or 24%. The majority of the Muslim population within the district migrated to Pakistan as
820-641: The Indian border is called the Cholistan Desert and, on the Indian side, the Thar Desert . The Indus then flows through a gorge near Sukkur and the fertile plains region of Sindh , forming a large delta region between the border of Gujarat , India and Pakistan, finally terminating in the Arabian Sea near the port city of Karachi , Pakistan. During floods, Indus river water flows into
861-714: The Indian part of the Great Rann of Kutch . Thus Gujarat state of India is also a riparian state of the Indus river as the Rann of Kutch area lying west of Kori Creek in the state is part of the Indus River Delta . In the Chaitra-Ratha Parva of Adi Parva of Mahābhārata , when sage Vasishtha wanted to commit suicide he saw the river named Haimāvata (whose source is Himavat), flooded and full of crocodiles and other aquatic monsters. So he jumped into
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#1732781062597902-546: The Indus thousands of years earlier. There is some evidence that the high rate of erosion caused by the modern Sutlej River has influenced the local faulting and rapidly exhumed rocks above Rampur . This would be similar to, but on a much smaller scale than, the exhumation of rocks by the Indus River in Nanga Parbat , Pakistan. The Sutlej River also exposes a double inverted metamorphic gradient . There has been
943-511: The Mughals, which allowed the Rais to take control of Ludhiana town in 1760. During the reign of Maharaja Ranjit Singh , Ludhiana became an important British cantonment . Initially, in 1805, Ranjit Singh occupied Ludhiana. However, in 1809, the British decided to curb his advance eastward and sent troops to confront him. Ranjit Singh was forced to sign the treaty of 'perpetual friendship' with
984-565: The Patiala Division. It lies between north latitude 30°-34' and 31°-01' and east longitude 75°-18' and 76°-20'. It is bounded on the north by the Satluj River , which separates it from Jalandhar district . The river forms its northern boundary with Hoshiarpur district . On other sides it shares common boundaries with Rupnagar district in the east, Moga district in the west, and Barnala , Sangrur and Patiala districts in
1025-782: The Tibetan name Langqên Zangbo ( Elephant River or Elephant Spring ) to the Shipki La pass, entering India in Himachal Pradesh state. It then has its main knee heading west-southwest for about 360 kilometres (220 mi) to meet the Beas River near Harike , Tarn Taran district , Punjab state. Ropar Wetland in Punjab state is located on the Sutlej river basin. Evidence suggests Indus Valley civilisation also flourished here. Ungti Chu and Pare Chu rivers which drain
1066-656: The Zhangzhung were conquered by the Tibetan Empire . The Sutlej River also formed the eastern boundary of the Sikh Empire under Maharajah Ranjit Singh . Parganah Hakkarah Today, the Sutlej Valley is inhabited by nomadic descendants of the Zhangzhung, who live in tiny villages of yak herders. The Sutlej was the main medium of transportation for the kings of that time. In the early 18th century, it
1107-669: The aftermath of the Battle of Chamkaur and Uch-da-Peer (meaning "saint of Uch") episode of the tenth Guru's life, when the Mughal armies were in hot pursuit of the religious leader. In thanks for this, the Guru gifted Ganga Sagar (a metal surahi ) and a sword with an inscribed blade to the Rai dynasty of Raikot, known as the Raikot sword . In the latter period of Mughal rule the western part of
1148-448: The age of 5 years, in Ludhiana, as of year 2020. The table below shows the district nutrition profile of Ludhiana of women between the ages of 15 to 49 years, as of year 2020. The table below shows the current use of family planning methods by currently married women between the age of 15 and 49 years, in Ludhiana district. The table below shows the number of road accidents and people affected in Ludhiana district by year. The district
1189-475: The city is in the compound of the Civil Surgeon's Office to the west of Ludhiana. Weather records here data back to 1 August 1868. The rainfall in the district increases from the southwest toward the northeast. About 70% of the rainfall is received during the period of July through September. The rainfall between December and March accounts for 16% of the rainfall; the remaining 14% rainfall is received in
1230-485: The district was leased to the Rais of Raikot . By the early eighteenth century, they had become semi-independent of the Mughals. The villages in Ludhiana district remained independent and under the rule of local powerful village Sikh chieftains, from 1707 to 1835. In 1747 Ahmad Shah Durrani invaded and battled the imperial army near Khanna . Although the Mughals were able to stop Ahmad Shah, his subsequent invasions weakened
1271-496: The end of June is the hot season. July, August and half of September constitute the southwest monsoon. The period of mid-September to about the middle of November may be termed as a post-monsoon or transitional period. June is generally the hottest month. Hot and scorching dust-laden winds blow during the summer season. December and January are the coldest months. Ludhiana on average sees roughly 809.3 millimetres (31.86 in) of precipitation annually. The official weather station for
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1312-519: The flood plain of the Satluj and the upland plain. Ludhiana features a semi-arid climate under the Köppen climate classification , with three defined seasons; summer, monsoon, and winter. This climate is characterised by dryness except for a brief spell of monsoon season, a very hot summer, and a bracing winter. The cold season is from mid-November to the early part of March. The succeeding period until
1353-536: The flow of Sutlej from the southeast to the southwest. If the diversion of the river occurred recently (about 4000 years ago), it may have been responsible for the Ghaggar-Hakra (Saraswati) drying up, causing desertification of Cholistan and the eastern part of the modern state of Sindh , and the abandonment of Harappan settlements along the Ghaggar. However, the Sutlej may have already been captured by
1394-690: The highest HDI in Punjab at 0.761 (2004 UNDP). Ludhiana gets its name from the Lodhi Dynasty , which is believed to have founded the city in 1480. During the reign of the Mughal emperor Akbar , the area formed part of the Sarkar of Sirhind . Chakar, Talwandi Rai in 1478 AD, Raikot in 1648 AD and Jagraon in 1688 AD were founded by the Rai family of Raikot . It is said that one of the Rai rulers of Raikot, named Rai Kalha ( chaudhary of Raikot and Jagraon), gave sanctuary to Guru Gobind Singh in 1705 in
1435-542: The other months. Ludhiana has one of the worst air pollution problems in India, with particulate matter being over six times the World Health Organization recommended standard, making it the 13th most polluted city in the world in the year 2014. Industrial water pollution is also of significant concern in portions of Ludhiana, notably along the Budha Dariya . The Sutlej and its tributary,
1476-412: The population of different religions in absolute numbers in the urban and rural areas of Ludhiana district. Languages of Ludhiana district (First Language) (2011) At the time of the 2011 census 79.65% of the population spoke Punjabi and 18.19% Hindi as their first language. Hindi is spoken mainly in urban areas. The table below shows the data from the district nutrition profile of children below
1517-423: The river. The river thinking that Vasishtha was a mass of unquenchable fire dilated itself and flew in a hundred different directions. Henceforth the river was named śatadra (or śatadru) which means the river of a hundred courses. So, Vasishtha landed on dry land and was unharmed. Langqên Zangbo ( Tibetan : གླང་ཆེན་གཙང་པོ , Wylie : glang chen gtsang po ; Chinese : 朗钦藏布 ; pinyin : Lǎngqīn Zàngbù )
1558-467: The south and southeast, respectively. The topography of the district is a typical representative of an alluvial plain . It owes its origin to the aggravation work of the Satluj River. The alluvium deposited by the river has been worked over by the wind, which gave rise to a number of small dunes and sand mounds. Most of these dunes have been levelled by farmers. The district can be divided into
1599-456: The southeastern part of Ladakh are tributaries of Sutlej river. Continuing west-southwest, the Sutlej enters Pakistan about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) east of Bhedian Kalan , Kasur District , Punjab province, continuing southwest to water the ancient and historical former Bahawalpur princely state . Few centuries ago, Sutlej river was merging with the Ghaggar river to discharge in to
1640-428: The states and union territories of Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Ladakh and Haryana. The source of the Sutlej is west of the catchment area of Lake Rakshastal in Tibet , as springs in an ephemeral stream. Lake Rakshastal used to be part of the Sutlej river basin long ago and separated from the Sutlej due to tectonic activity. The nascent river flows at first west-northwest for about 260 kilometres (160 mi) under
1681-413: The total workforce of the district, 18.7% are engaged in the agriculture sector, 5.6% are working in the household industry, and the rest are employed in other sectors/industries. The table below shows the sex ratio of Ludhiana district through decades. The table below shows the child sex ratio of children below the age of 6 years in the rural and urban areas of Ludhiana district. The table below shows