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86-852: Salem Community Markets (SCM) , formerly known as Salem Saturday Market (SSM) , is a nonprofit organization which operates multiple farmers' markets and related events in Salem, Oregon . As of the 2023 season, there are four main markets: the Monday Hospital Market, the Wednesday Chemeketa Market, the Thursday West Salem Market, and the traditional Salem Saturday Market. There is also a three-day Salem Holiday Market event in December. The 2018 season lasted from April 14th to October 4th. This

172-520: A wholesaler for use in the conventional food system . One study found that vendors and food producers were able to retain almost, if not all, of the revenue from the sale of their product on the local market . Vendors may receive up to "seven times greater net revenue on a per unit basis" in the local market than in the conventional market. It is also easier for vendors at farmers' markets to gauge consumer demand and price their products accordingly because they are able to interact directly with

258-417: A "distributed by/packed for/etc." statement, and it will not have a government inspection legend because its products are sold directly to the consumer. Information on the producing vendor's label will include the following information: It will not include a government inspection legend or seal. Ideally, farmers' market produce and fruit are normally grown within a geographical region that is deemed local by

344-487: A 2005 USDA study. The regions that have the most lucrative farmers' markets are the Far West and the mid-Atlantic region . Managers of farmers' markets reported in a 2005 study that about 15 percent of the vendors at their market earned between $ 25,000 and $ 100,000 annually. This range was the largest reported level of income across the regions. The North Central and Rocky Mountain regions in contrast experienced

430-409: A combined economic impact of $ 3,934,458.03. Municipal and State sales tax revenue was projected at $ 66,646.23. Farmers' markets directly impact vendors , businesses , and consumers . Farmers' markets influence these individuals through vendor revenue and sales , the income multiplier effect, local business incubation , employment , and consumer preferences . Many studies concentrate on

516-479: A commercial slaughterhouse and/or processing plant. Meat products at farmers' markets being sold by resellers will include a "distributed by/packed for", or similar, statement on the labels of their meat products. Conversely, meat products being sold at farmers' markets that are prepared and packaged by the selling vendor will not include a "distributed by/packed for", or similar, statement. Unprocessed meat (retail cut) products found at farmers' markets may include

602-462: A decline of these markets in some cities such as Shanghai. Yet, in other cities, wet markets persist and dominate the retail of fresh produce and meat. Because of its critical role in ensuring urban food security, wet markets receive various supports from the local government. After 2010, farmers' markets in China were reborn in some major cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Chengdu amidst

688-425: A government inspection legend plus a "distributed by/packed for/prepared for" label. Other information on the label will include weight, price, and safe handling instructions. The official inspection legend includes an establishment number (EST) that identifies the last company that did the processing/butchering, packaging, and labeling of the product. Since the label includes the "distributed by/packed for" statement,

774-438: A government inspection legend that provides a number that identifies the product's producer. The numbers of critics of private label products are increasing as consumers become aware of poor practices often employed by the products' producers. It is not unusual to find distributors/resellers of processed meat products at farmers' markets because wholesale products allow vendors to minimize their investment by not having to pay for

860-413: A government inspection legend without a "distributed by/packed for/etc." statement; such vendors are selling co-pack products in which the maker/producer prepares and packages the product according to the vendors' recipe. Wholesale processed meat products that are resold at farmers' markets are known as "private label" products. Such products will include a "distributed by/packed for/etc." statement plus

946-497: A high manager turnover rate of an average of 30 percent between 1999 and 2005. While analyzing the data, researchers were presented with a set of circumstances dependent on each other. A farmers' market needs resources such as volunteers , and these resources are affected by market administrative revenue. In small markets, there are fewer vendors, which attracts a smaller percentage of customers. Administrative revenue could aid in acquiring more resources, yet small markets cannot supply

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1032-440: A label that does not have a "distributed by/packed for", etc. statement ensures the buyer that, while the vendor did not do the butchering/packaging/etc., the meat did originate from the vendor's livestock. The label on a meat product that is processed and packed by the selling vendor will not include a government inspection legend and it will not include a "distributed by/packed for" statement. Retail cuts of meat products sold by

1118-545: A lack of experience and knowledge with fresh food among low-income communities conflicts with market participation. Research entitled Evaluating the Economic Impact of Farmers' Markets Using an Opportunity Cost Framework was conducted on farmers' markets in West Virginia . Researchers intended to illustrate that opportunity cost reduced net positive impact, however, not disproportionately. They distributed

1204-473: A report in 2008 to study the impact of Portland's 14 farmers' markets on "the regional Portland metro-area economy." The 14 farmers' markets studied in Portland had sales of approximately $ 11.2 million in the aggregate in 2007. The study found that the direct impact of "spending at farmers' markets" stays within the region , while sales at the traditional grocery store "leak outside the region." Therefore,

1290-519: A single year that could be attributed to farmers' market activity. Other studies also found that farmers' market activity directly and indirectly supports the growth of local jobs. One study showed that 5.4 jobs were created per farmers' market. This figure was used to suggest that public funding of 100 to 500 'otherwise-unsuccessful' farmers' markets per year could generate 13,500 jobs in five years. Farmers' markets address local consumer demand and preferences . The number of farmers' markets in

1376-614: A study in 2009 to measure the economic impact of farmers' markets in Iowa using the IMPLAN Input-Output (I-O) model. Iowa is fourth in the nation in terms of its number of farmers' markets and ranks second in terms of the number of farmers' markets per capita . The report shows that sales among Iowa farmers' markets increased by 92 percent since 2004, reaching $ 38.4 million in sales in 2009. The tables entitled "Market sales per city, 2004" and "Market sales per city, 2009" show

1462-428: A vendor that performs its own butchering, packaging, and labeling will not include a government inspection legend or a "distributed by/packed for" statement on the label. In such cases the vendor/butcher gets the carcass or other major cuts of meat from a government inspected slaughterhouse and does the secondary butchering ("fabrication"), packaging, and labeling in its own facility. A government official inspection legend

1548-418: A vendor's/rancher's livestock will not include the "distributed by/packed for/prepared for" statement. Note that the label will still have an official/government Inspection Legend that identifies the establishment that performed the slaughtering, butchering, packaging, and labeling because any product leaving a slaughterhouse to be sold for human consumption must have a government inspection legend. For example,

1634-605: A whole, many studies have found that farmers' markets impact state and municipal economies as well as vendors , local businesses , and consumers . These impacts are measured using the IMPLAN Input-Output Model and the Sticky Economic Evaluation Device (SEED), in addition to other methods. The economic impacts that are most frequently measured include effects on the revenue and income of local growers and local businesses,

1720-512: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Farmers%27 market They are distinguished from public markets , which are generally housed in permanent structures, open year-round, and offer a variety of non-farmer/non-producer vendors, packaged foods and non-food products. The current concept of a farmers' market is similar to past concepts, but different in relation to other forms – as aspects of consumer retailing , overall, continue to shift over time. Similar forms existed before

1806-587: Is a quantitative economic software , technique, or data that facilitates analysis of spending. This analytic tool, created by the U.S. Forest Service and the University of Minnesota , uses the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) input-output criterion combined with other data to compile tables that identify cash flows between different sectors of the economy . IMPLAN methodology has been used in studies on Portland and Iowan farmers' markets to calculate

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1892-558: Is exempt from the FDA Food Safety Modernization Act . Farmers markets increase the number of outbreaks and cases of food-borne illness , norovirus , and campylobacter . The Impact of Farmers%27 Markets on U.S. Economies Farmers' markets are markets in which producers sell directly to consumers . While farmers' markets do not have a measurable impact on the United States economy as

1978-437: Is not required on a package of meat butchered and packaged by such a vendor because it is sold directly to the consumer. Most processed meat products (sausage, bacon, hot dogs, frankfurters, snack sticks) sold at farmers' markets have labels that include a "distributed by/packed for/etc." statement as well as a government inspection legend. The government inspection legend includes an establishment number (EST #) that identifies

2064-449: Is provided by 24-hour access, one-stop shopping, consistent product availability, or proximity of markets to public transportation , home, or other regularly accessed places. This convenience is not equally replicated by seasonally driven farmers' markets. Although recent studies have shown farmers' markets to offer competitive prices , some low-income shoppers still identify high prices as a barrier. Additionally, low-income consumers prefer

2150-516: Is the South Carolina State Farmers Market, which is a major supplier of watermelons , cantaloupes , and peaches for produce buyers in the north-eastern US. Farmers' markets also may supply buyers from produce stands, restaurants , and garden stores with fresh fruits and vegetables , plants, seedlings and nursery stock, honey , and other agricultural products. Although this is on the decline, in part due to

2236-600: The Eugene and Portland farmers' markets in 2000. In the last ten years, the company has expanded to producing bacon and sausage as well as spices , sauces , and rubs . The company now has 25 workers and is one of the biggest pork providers in the Willamette Valley of Oregon . The company credits much of its success to the ability to sell new, experimental products at farmers' markets. A study of Iowa's farmers' markets showed that 140 jobs were created in

2322-918: The Industrial Age , but often formed part of broader markets, where suppliers of food and other goods gathered to retail their wares. Trading posts began in 1930s, a shift toward retailers who sold others' products more than their own. General stores and grocery stores continued that specialization trend in retailing, optimizing the consumer experience, while abstracting it further from production and from production's growing complexities. Modern industrial food production's advantages over prior methods depend largely on modern, cheap, fast transport and limited product variability. But transport costs and delays cannot be eliminated. So where distance strained industrial suppliers' reach, where consumers had strong preference for local variety, farmers' markets remained competitive with other forms of food retail. Starting in

2408-441: The United States . The reason to include methodologies in this article is to demonstrate how impact is measured differently, which influences the findings and conclusions of the studies. The most common methods used are the IMPLAN Input-Output Model and the Sticky Economic Evaluation Device, which are mostly used to calculate the impact of farmers' markets on state, municipal , and local economies . The IMPLAN input-output model

2494-590: The grocery store price structure and price displays. Promotions resulted in a significant factor for almost half of Oregon food stamp customers surveyed. Participation in farmers' markets was hindered by language barriers. Low-income customers in several studies who did not speak English said participating in these markets was troublesome. The inability or the perception of the inability to process Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) cards by some farmers' markets are major barriers for customers that depend on Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits. Lastly

2580-542: The incomes of businesses linked to the production of commodities sold at the markets . A study focusing on Iowa farmers' markets showed that $ 12.2 million worth of business income was due to farmers' market-related transactions among vendors. Another study found that almost all of the "wage and business proprietor income in local food supply chains is retained locally." Farmers' markets can support local businesses . A 2002 study found that sixty percent of consumers at farmers' markets also visited stores surrounding

2666-637: The market and abutting businesses by the multiplier. Specifically, the Regional Input-Output Modeling System II multiplier is used, which is generated by the BEA ( BEA ). The RIMS II multiplier measures how many dollars remain in the regional or local economy . "The greater the interaction each dollar has with the local economy, the larger the multiplier." This methodology also gathers information through customer-intercept surveys and head count tabulation in order to calculate

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2752-422: The median market studied, generated $ 1.8 million per year for vendors. Vendors value the net profits derived from the market , as almost half of the vendors surveyed in a study on Iowa's farmers' markets indicated that they would incur a significant loss if farmers' markets were to close down. Vendors generally make more money by selling their products to the local community than by selling them to

2838-533: The population that they serve. Vendors who participate in farmers' markets usually have another, often primary form of employment . So, selling their goods at the market is usually a residual use of their time. One study suggests that participating in farmers' markets may reduce the incentives of small farm growers to expand their farms and become more efficient because they must dedicate significant time to marketing activities. This suggests that vendor profits may not increase by as much as they could due to

2924-548: The Holiday Market), and shoppers could find a local market four days out of every week during the peak months. A new market match EBT program was also introduced in 2018. 2023 marked the 25th anniversary of the Salem Saturday Market. That year, the main market took place at the usual spot every Saturday from March 4th to October 28th, from 9am to 2pm local time. This Oregon -related article

3010-555: The Oregon Farmers' Market Association (OFMA) and the Oregon Department of Agriculture (ODA) to identify the various factors that were prevalent in the markets that closed in that state. They identified that markets that failed had a short life span. Their research stated that 50 percent of these failed markets closed after their first season. They noted that older markets could also be prone to failure. Data presented

3096-484: The Portland economy . The study concluded that the 14 markets in Portland produced approximately $ 17 million in output, 150 jobs, and $ 3.2 million in employee compensation. The table entitled "Total est. economic impact of 14 Portland-area farmers' markets, 2007" shows how product sales, prepared food sales, and management fees impacted the Portland economy in 2007. Using the SEED methodology , marketumbrella.org analyzed

3182-527: The US, like those of any other beef/pork product that are sold to the public, must originate from livestock slaughtered in a government (federal or state) inspected slaughterhouse. Since government inspected slaughterhouses purchase livestock for slaughter, many often have the facilities, equipment, and personnel to supply meat products to distributors/wholesalers. Like restaurants, such arrangements are popular with farmers' market vendors because they allow them to avoid

3268-900: The United States and Canada have found shops in farmers markets selling fruits and vegetables not sourced from their own farms. In September 2017, a hidden camera investigation by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation found that some of the stalls in one market purchased produce on the wholesale market and removed the original stickers, raising the cost to 50% above the retail prices. Tampa Bay Times food critic and investigative reporter Laura Reiley found some vendors at local farmers' markets selling rejected produce from local wholesale markets, or selling produce purchased from non-local sources. In some cases they claimed to sell products from their own farm at first, but when pressed admitted that they had grown none of

3354-483: The United States has grown from 340 in 1970 to 7,000 in 2011. There are also over 4,000 CSAs in the United States, which shows that consumers want to buy local food . Consumers that go to farmers' markets generally seek to support local farms and businesses and also seek to buy food that is healthy and sustainably produced . Recent national data show that eighty-two percent of consumers go to farmers' markets to get fresh produce , seventy-five percent go to support

3440-920: The activity." The 2009 report also focused on how farmers' markets affect other sectors of the Iowan economy. The two sectors of the economy most impacted by farmers' market activity were agriculture and mining and wholesale and retail trade . The direct impact on agriculture and mining was about $ 24,960,000, with another $ 1 million in "business-related indirect impact" and "consumer-related induced impact." Construction , manufacturing , transportation , finance , professional services , and personal services were not directly impacted, but between $ 1 million and $ 4 million generated in each sector reflected indirect and induced impacts of farmers' market activity. The table entitled "Output impact of Iowa farmers' market activities" shows these impacts. The City of Portland's Office of Sustainable Development (OSD) commissioned

3526-432: The commercial processing plant that made and packaged the products; similar to a package of sausage or bacon sold in supermarkets . Alternately, a processed meat product sold at a farmers' market that does not include a "distributed by/packed for/etc." statement and a government inspection legend is a product that is made and packaged by the selling vendor. There are also vendors that sell processed meat products that include

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3612-557: The cost of land, buildings, lighting and air-conditioning is also reduced or eliminated. Farmers may also retain profit on produce not sold to consumers, by selling the excess to canneries and other food-processing firms. At the market, farmers can retain the full premium for part of their produce, instead of only a processor's wholesale price for the entire lot. However, other economists say "there are relatively few benefits in terms of energy efficiency, quality or cost ... fun though they are, are not good economic models." Some farmers prefer

3698-435: The economic impact by studying consumption-based transactions. It is also used to compute data supporting studies on the impact of farmers' markets on vendor revenue . Market Umbrella is a nonprofit organization that developed the Sticky Economic Evaluation Device (SEED), a tool that measures the economic impact of a public market on neighboring businesses. SEED multiplies the annual revenue generated by consumers of

3784-549: The economic impact of Crescent City Farmers' Market-Mid City, Crescent City Farmers' Market-CBD, and Crescent City Farmers' Market-Upt, in New Orleans , Louisiana on vendors , the "host neighborhood ," and the "surrounding region ." The combined economic impact included vendor revenue , the revenue of nearby businesses , and sales tax revenue. The combined impact of the Crescent City Farmers' markets

3870-424: The economic impact of Crescent City Farmers' Markets. There are few studies that focus on the impact of farmers' markets on the United States economy and on regional economies in the U.S. The USDA has the most research surrounding regional variation and overall composition of farmers' markets. In 2012, the output generated by United States farms contributed $ 166.9 billion to gross domestic product , which

3956-425: The economic impact the market has on its region . Market Umbrella provides markets with access to their survey templates and facilitates report generating through the use of online accounts on their website. The sales tax revenue generated by market consumers, including purchases at neighboring businesses, is additionally captured. The SEED methodology, developed with farmers' markets in mind, has been used to measure

4042-456: The effects on job creation, and the effects on other sectors of state and local economies. Some obstacles that may reduce impact or create negative economic effects include over-saturation , socioeconomic barriers , the opportunity cost of farmers' markets, and the projected un sustainable growth of farmers' markets in the United States . Researchers use different methods to calculate the economic impact of farmers' markets on economies in

4128-521: The estimated direct impact of $ 11.2 million in farmers' market spending is equivalent to only $ 3.4 million "in economic impact in a traditional grocery market" due to importation of goods and household marginal decision-making in the retail sector . Using the IMPLAN Input-Output Model, the study also measured the economic impact of product sales, prepared food sales, and management fees, or "the payment of market management fees by vendors," on output , employment , and employee compensation in

4214-414: The farmers' markets, a wide variety of products are available. Poultry, lamb, goat, eggs, milk, cream, ice cream, butter, cheese , honey, syrup, jams, jellies, sauces, mushrooms, flowers, wool, wine, beer, breads, and pastries are some examples of vendor produced products sold at farmers' markets. Many farmers' markets allow vendors to prepare and sell ready to eat foods and drinks. Some investigations in

4300-479: The farming practices by which food is produced, processed and the health and safety aspects of certain foods. The emergence of books, magazine articles, and cookery and gardening programmes influence consumer concern of food preparation and consumption. Due in part to the increased interest in healthier foods, a greater desire to preserve local cultivars or livestock (some of which may not be up to commercial shipping or yield standards) and an increased understanding of

4386-1536: The federal programs including the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program , the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children , the Farmers' Market Nutrition Program , and the Senior Farmers' Market Nutrition Program . The programs primarily subsidize purchases at farmers' markets by low-income residents. Examples include Austin's Double Dollar Incentive Program, Boston's Bounty Bucks, Chicago's LINK Up, Columbia Heights Festibucks in Washington, D.C., Fresh Checks in East Palo Alto, Market Match in Los Angeles, Michigan's Double Up Food Bucks, New York City's Health Bucks, Portland Fresh Exchange, and Seattle Fresh Bucks. These programs often rely in part on nonprofit support. A wide range of organizations initiate, organize, and manage farmers' markets, including farmers' groups, community groups, local governments, etc. Some markets are strictly managed, with rules for pricing, quality and vendor selection. Others are much more relaxed in their operations and vendor criteria. While

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4472-453: The food safety crisis. These farmers' markets (农夫市集) provide venues for local small ecological farmers to sell their produce within the city, catering urban middle-class's growing demand for high quality food. Many of these market vendors are operating community-supported agriculture . The EU has formalized efforts to expand farmers' markets to reduce food safety risks and poor nutrition through programs known as "Farm to Fork". Farm-to-fork

4558-450: The growing season. In either case, consumers risk losing their money if there is a crop failure. Among the benefits often touted for communities with farmers' markets: Reduced transport, storage, and refrigeration can benefit communities too: Farmers' markets may also contribute to innovative distribution means that strengthen civic engagement by reducing the social distances between urban and rural communities. With fewer intermediaries,

4644-441: The growth of chain stores that desire national distribution networks and cheap wholesales prices—prices driven down by the low cost of imported produce. A wide variety of beef and pork products are sold at farmers' markets in the United States. Typical beef products include steaks, ground beef, jerky, and various types of beef sausage. Typical pork products include sausage and bacon. Beef and pork products sold at farmers' market in

4730-698: The impact of farmers' markets on vendors, businesses, and consumers because farmers' markets are a local phenomenon whose effects are most observable at the community or individual level. This section differs from the previous section that highlighted some state and municipal studies because it provides a summary of the general impacts almost all state and municipal studies measure. Farmers' markets generate significant economic benefits to farmers' market vendors . A study shows that vendors who participated in nine markets throughout urban centers like Baltimore and Los Angeles collectively earn $ 52,000 to $ 40,594,000 per year from sales . Kamm's Corners Farmers Market,

4816-609: The impact of opportunity cost in the West Virginian economy by major industries. These industries were: agriculture-resources, Mining-utilities-construction, manufacturing, trade-transportation, financial activities, professional-technical services, educational-health-social services, entertainment-travel-other services, and government. The sectors that presented a more significant impact were agriculture-resources and trade-transportation. Education-health-social services were affected by secondary impacts. Total job impacts were felt in

4902-541: The importance of maintaining small, sustainable farms on the fringe of urban environments, farmers' markets in the US have grown from 1,755 in 1994 to 4,385 in 2006, to 5,274 in 2009, to 8,144 in 2013. In New York City , there are 107 farmers' markets in operation. In the Los Angeles area, 88 farmers' markets exist, many of which support Hispanic and Asian fare. In the U.S., all levels of government have provided funding to farmers' markets, for instance, through

4988-470: The local company's branding on the packaging, but are actually produced at co-packer plants with non-local ingredients. In the United States, the FDA requires that the manufacturer's name and address be listed on the food label, which can reveal this discrepancy. Food safety regulations often carve out exceptions for farmers' markets. In the United States, for example, if the produce does not cross state lines it

5074-412: The local economy, and fifty-eight percent patron these markets because they want to know the source of the products they buy. Farmers' markets serve a demand not satisfied by the mass-produced and consolidated methods of production of the United States food system. Consumers also benefit from increased information, because they can learn about where the food they buy comes from by speaking with farmers at

5160-562: The lowest level of sales with revenue between $ 1,000 and $ 5,000. This may be due in part to the seasonal variability of different regions . The markets in the Rocky Mountain region were open on average only 3.92 months, while markets in the Far West were open for 4.9 months on average. The Far West also experienced the greatest level of sales with $ 476,733 per market per year, while the Rocky Mountain region experienced

5246-524: The lowest level of sales with $ 90,169 per market per year. Many studies assess the impact of farmers' markets in the United States on state economies and municipal economies. Most of these studies find that farmers' markets benefit state and local economies because they have direct and indirect effects on personal income , job creation, and on output generated in other sectors of the economy including manufacturing and transportation . The Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship conducted

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5332-491: The market generated municipal and state sales tax revenue of $ 44,138.36. In its 51 days of operation, Crescent City Farmers Mkt-CBD generated $ 3,150,982.42 for vendors and $ 2,657,647.23 for neighboring businesses with a combined annual economic impact of $ 5,808,629.66. The revenue for municipal and state sales taxes was projected at $ 125,229.45 annually. Lastly, Crescent City Farmers Mkt-Upt generated $ 2,520,076.97 for vendors and $ 1,414,381.06 for neighboring businesses, for

5418-541: The market on the same day. Sixty percent of those consumers also indicated they only visited stores surrounding the farmers' market on days that they visited the market. Another study supports these findings and showed that an "overwhelming majority" of customers at farmers' markets also visited at least one nearby store. Additionally, the farmers' market itself provides a space for local and small farm growers to innovate and respond directly to consumer demand. Sweet Briar Farms in Eugene , Oregon began selling pork cuts at

5504-522: The market's management. The term " local " is defined by the farmers' market and usually represents products grown within a given radius measured in miles or kilometers. Many farmers' markets state that they are "producer only" markets, and that their vendors grow all products sold. Some farmers' markets do not use the term "producer only" and may allow resellers of produce, fruit, and other food products. Some farmers' markets allow vendors to resell vegetables and fruits if they are not available locally due to

5590-440: The market. Although the number of farmers' markets has grown substantially in the United States over the last decade, there are some factors that may hinder the overall impact of farmers' markets or create negative effects. Overcoming some of these obstacles will ensure the profitability of farmers' markets while producing positive spillover effects on neighboring markets. A negative effect on sales of Iowa farmers' markets

5676-484: The meat may come from the livestock of other farmers/ranchers or a corporate feedlot . The presence of a government inspection legend identifies a meat product that was not processed and packed by the selling vendor. Meat products prepared and packed by the selling vendor or butcher will not include a government seal, and will not include any type of statement that classifies the vendor as a reseller/distributor. The labels on retail beef and pork products that originate

5762-476: The mid-2000s, consumer demand for foods that are fresher (spend less time in transit) and for foods with more variety—has led to growth of farmers' markets as a food-retailing mechanism. Farmers' markets can offer farmers increased profit over selling to wholesalers, food processors, or large grocery firms. By selling directly to consumers, produce often needs less transport, less handling, less refrigeration and less time in storage. By selling in an outdoor market,

5848-432: The national average . These new markets have on average 22 vendors compared to the national average of 31, and 430 customers per week compared to the national average of 959. This explains why the growth in sales from $ 888 million in 2000 to $ 1 billion in 2005 was only 2.5 percent in spite of the rapid growth in the number of farmers' markets. The revenue generated from farmers' markets was $ 31,923 per month according to

5934-688: The overall increase in sales among different areas of Iowa between 2004 and 2009. Using the IMPLAN I-O model, the $ 38.4 million in farmers' market sales translated into "$ 59.4 million of gross sales among sectors in the Iowa economy ." Additionally, the I-O model found that $ 12.2 million was linked to "personal income effects directly or indirectly related to farmers' market activity." The study also concluded that 374 jobs were directly linked to farmers' market activity, while 200 jobs were "indirectly attributed to

6020-414: The overhead (knowledge, skills, equipment, supplies, maintenance, food safety inspections, packaging, labeling, etc.) required to produce their own products. A wholesale package of processed meat will bear a label that has a government inspection legend. The inspection legend will usually have an Establishment Number (EST #) that identifies the processing plant that made and packaged the product. Additionally,

6106-428: The overhead costs (facility, equipment, knowledge, maintenance, food safety inspections, etc.) associated with producing meat products that may be legally sold to the public. Resell vendors are in the majority at farmers' markets while vendors that make and package their own meat products represent a very small percentage. Reselling allows vendors to minimize investment and overhead costs by purchasing their products from

6192-489: The package will contain a phrase similar to "distributed by: Steve's Family Meat Company" or "packed/prepared for Steve's Family Meat Company" somewhere on the label. Both the producer (identified by the EST. # in the inspection legend) and distributor/reseller (for example Steve's Family Meat Company) will be identified on the label. A product label of a farmers' market vendor that makes and packages its own product will not include

6278-515: The producer: All vegetables and fruits have unique names that distinguish them from any other, whether they are for commercial use, for home gardening, or heirloom . A number or alphanumeric string usually identifies the newer commercial varieties. Vendors' employees might not always know the variety names of the produce they are selling but they will be able to get a list from their employer (producer). There are vendors that violate rules by reselling products at Producer Only markets. Depending on

6364-584: The products for sale. In at least one case, despite vendor claims to the contrary, the farm in question was not growing any food, and the produce was all purchased from other companies. Fraud may sometimes be obvious because the type of food being sold does not grow locally or is out of season. Federal regulations in the United States require country of origin labeling for produce at supermarkets but not for small independent vendors. The Tampa Bay Times also found that packaged foods, such as sauces, honey, jam, and beef jerky may appear to be from local vendors due to

6450-431: The simplicity, immediacy, transparency and independence of selling direct to consumers. One method noted by the special interest group Food Empowerment Project promotes community-supported agriculture programs (CSAs). In this scheme, consumers pay farms seasonally or monthly to receive weekly or biweekly boxes of produce. Alternatively, they may be required to pay for an entire season's worth of produce in advance of

6536-746: The support of independent growers by local community members can enhance local economic opportunities and health & wellness in poor communities. Some consumers may favor farmers' markets for the perceived: Evidence seems to show that overall prices at a typical farmers' market are lower than prices at a supermarket because the process of production is more concise; there is less distance to travel, and fewer middlemen. The traditional public markets in Chinese cities are known as " wet markets " (菜市场) where most vendors are resellers. The Chinese government has attempted to transform these traditional markets to supermarkets in urban renovation projects. It has led to

6622-405: The time dedicated to marketing. Beyond the direct effects on vendors, farmers' markets also produce indirect effects. Farmers use the sales that they garner from the market to purchase fertilizer , seeds , and other inputs of production from businesses . This type of transaction has income multiplier effects, meaning that farmers' markets not only impact vendor income , but also impact

6708-445: The time of the year. Vegetables, fruit, meat, and other products resold at farmers' markets are available to vendors through food distributors . This is a common practice and provides consumers with produce and fruit that are unavailable at certain times of the year. In many markets resell items are a permanent part of the vendor's inventory. There are four subject areas that consumers tend to consider when purchasing food directly from

6794-489: The trade-transportation and agriculture-resources sectors. So while the data affirms that farmers' markets have a positive effect on the local economy of West Virginia the opportunity costs reduces its positive impact significantly. While farmers' markets are growing rapidly there is data indicating that a significant number of markets fail in Oregon . The study conducted by Oregon State University analyzed data collected from

6880-583: The usual emphasis is on locally grown food products, some farmers' markets allow co-ops and purveyors, or allow farmers to purchase some products to resell. There have been recent reports of fraud and products mislabeled as organic or locally grown when they are not. In some cases, fraudulent farmers' markets sell regular grocery store vegetables, passing them off as organic or locally grown, to which are usually sold to unsuspecting tourists. Some farmers' markets have wholesale operations, sometimes limited to specific days or hours. One such wholesale farmers' market

6966-472: The various barriers low-income individuals face with regard to farmers' markets. The study collected data that highlighted convenience , product pricing, language and cultural barriers, federal nutrition benefits , and lack of information and awareness as some of the obstacles to participating in farmers' markets. Low-income families and individuals asserted that convenience is a significant incentive in regard to their shopping preferences . Such convenience

7052-399: Was $ 6,655,614.52 on vendor revenue, $ 5,008,742.34 on neighborhood business revenue, and $ 236,014.04 on municipal and state tax revenue. Crescent City Farmers Mkt-Mid City was reported to have a market impact of $ 984,555.13 on vendors and a neighboring business impact of $ 936,714.04 for a combined annual economic impact of $ 1,921,269.17. During the 51 days of operation throughout the year,

7138-478: Was 1 percent of GDP . This figure includes all farms participating in economic activity, which suggests that the total contribution of farmers' markets to the U.S. economy in terms of output is very small. Nevertheless, the number of farmers' markets in the United States is growing rapidly, with growth increasing by 8.6 percent per year on average . About 30 percent of these new markets are less than five years old and most of them report sales that are half

7224-535: Was developed with three main goals within the EU: Since the first farmers' market was established in the UK in 1997, the number has grown to over 550 nationwide. A number of factors led to the rise of farmers' markets in the UK in the late 1990s, including the increasing knowledge of consumers, the struggles of British farmers, anti-French sentiment, and concerns over food safety and quality. Consumers were worried about

7310-489: Was linked to the creation of new farmers' markets, specifically with regard to location and timing. Agriculture Statistician Theresa Varner and Professor of Economics Daniel Otto stated that competition was a factor affecting sales of farmers' markets in Iowa . They identified a conflict based on the days that markets operated and suggested that already existing farmers' markets should be improved and expanded. The Appalachian Sustainable Agriculture Project (ASAP) analyzed

7396-606: Was shorter than initially planned; the opening was postponed and the planned last market date was cancelled, both due to weather concerns. 2018 marked the 20-year anniversary of the Salem Saturday Market and a celebration was held at the market on May 5th. The year also saw a new market added to the calendar: the West Salem Thursday Market, open every Thursday from 10am to 2pm, July 5th through September 27th. Now there were five SCM-run markers in Salem (including

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