The Middle Jurassic is the second epoch of the Jurassic Period . It lasted from about 174.1 to 161.5 million years ago . Fossils of land-dwelling animals, such as dinosaurs, from the Middle Jurassic are relatively rare, but geological formations containing land animal fossils include the Forest Marble Formation in England, the Kilmaluag Formation in Scotland , the Calcaire de Caen of France , the Daohugou Beds in China, the Itat Formation in Russia , the Tiouraren Formation of Niger , and the Isalo III Formation of western Madagascar .
6-461: The Saltwick Formation is a Middle Jurassic geologic formation in Yorkshire and the western North Sea . It is primarily Aalenian in age. Fossil footprints, assigned to the tetrapod ichnogenus Characichnos , as well as stegosaur tracks have been reported from the formation. An indeterminate sauropod, nicknamed Alan , has also been reported from the formation. This article about
12-663: A specific stratigraphic formation in the United Kingdom is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Middle Jurassic During the Middle Jurassic Epoch, Pangaea began to separate into Laurasia and Gondwana , and the Atlantic Ocean formed. Eastern Laurasia was tectonically active as the Cimmerian plate continued to collide with Laurasia's southern coast, completely closing
18-580: The Paleo-Tethys Ocean . A subduction zone on the coast of western North America continued to create the Ancestral Rocky Mountains .Significant subduction zones were active along practically all of the continental edges surrounding Pangea, as well as in southern Tibet, southeastern Europe, and other locations, to allow the formation of fresh seabed in the proto-Atlantic Ocean. Plate tectonic activity in subduction zones caused
24-528: The Middle Jurassic, (including cetiosaurs , brachiosaurs , megalosaurs and primitive ornithopods ). Descendants of the therapsids , the cynodonts , were still flourishing along with the dinosaurs. These included the tritylodonts and mammals. Mammals remained quite small, but were diverse and numerous in faunas from around the world. Tritylodonts were larger, and also had an almost global distribution. The first crown-group mammals appeared in
30-577: The construction of north-south mountain ranges such as the Rocky Mountains and the Andes all along the west coast of North, Central, and South America. The Middle Jurassic is one of the key periods in the history of life on Earth. Many groups, including dinosaurs and mammals , diversified during this time. During this time, marine life (including ammonites and bivalves ) flourished. Ichthyosaurs , although common, are reduced in diversity;
36-467: The top marine predators, the pliosaurs , grew to the size of killer whales and larger (e.g. Pliosaurus , Liopleurodon ). Plesiosaurs became common at this time, and metriorhynchids first appeared. In the Jurassic seas, a wide range of animals swam. Cartilaginous and bony fish were plentiful. Large fish and marine reptiles were plentiful. Many of the major groups of dinosaurs emerged during
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