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38-842: Selkirk may refer to: People [ edit ] Alexander Selkirk , Scottish castaway who formed the basis for the novel Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe Selkirk (surname) , surname origin, and list of people with the surname Earl of Selkirk , a title in the Peerage of Scotland James Douglas-Hamilton, Baron Selkirk of Douglas , Scottish politician and Life Peer, briefly 11th Earl of Selkirk Thomas Douglas, 5th Earl of Selkirk , Scottish philanthropist who sponsored immigrant settlements in Canada Places [ edit ] Selkirk Mountains , in British Columbia, Canada,

76-538: A bronze statue and plaque in memory of Selkirk outside a house on the site of his original home on the Main Street of Lower Largo. David Gillies of Cardy House, Lower Largo, a descendant of the Selkirks, donated the statue created by Thomas Stuart Burnett . The Scotsman is also remembered in his former island home. In 1869 the crew of HMS  Topaze placed a bronze tablet at a spot called Selkirk's Lookout on

114-467: A defunct Canadian radio and television broadcasting company Selkirk Grace commonly recited before a Burns supper Selkirk transmitting station , near Selkirk, Scotland The animated movie 7 Sea Pirates , also known as "Selkirk, el verdadero Robinson Crusoe" Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Selkirk . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

152-584: A football club Selkirk RFC , a rugby club Winnipeg Selkirks , a former ice hockey team from Winnipeg, Canada, see List of ice hockey teams in Manitoba Transportation [ edit ] Selkirk (sternwheeler 1895) HMS  Selkirk  (J18) Selkirk hurdle , a freight train route in New York Selkirk locomotive , a type of steam locomotive Other uses [ edit ] Selkirk Communications ,

190-646: A ghost town Selkirk, New York , an unincorporated hamlet in the town of Bethlehem Animals [ edit ] Selkirk (horse) , (1988–2013), a North American-bred, thoroughbred racehorse Selkirk Rex , a breed of cat which named from Selkirk Mountains Education [ edit ] Selkirk College , a community college in British Columbia Selkirk Secondary School , a high school in Kimberley, British Columbia Sports [ edit ] Selkirk F.C. ,

228-525: A mountain of Más a Tierra, Juan Fernández Islands, to mark his stay. On 1 January 1966 Chilean president Eduardo Frei Montalva renamed Más a Tierra Robinson Crusoe Island after Defoe's fictional character to attract tourists. The largest of the Juan Fernández Islands, known as Más Afuera , became Alejandro Selkirk Island , although Selkirk probably never saw that island since it is located 180 kilometres (110 miles; 100 nautical miles) to

266-551: A vengeance. At Guayaquil in present-day Ecuador, he led a boat crew up the Guayas River where several wealthy Spanish ladies had fled, and looted the gold and jewels they had hidden inside their clothing. His part in the hunt for treasure galleons along the coast of Mexico resulted in the capture of Nuestra Señora de la Encarnación y Desengaño , renamed Bachelor , on which he served as sailing master under Captain Dover to

304-460: A young dairymaid. They eloped to London early and married on 4 March 1717. He was soon off to sea again, having enlisted in the Royal Navy . While on a visit to Plymouth in 1720, he married a widowed innkeeper named Frances Candis. He was serving as an officer on board HMS  Weymouth , engaged in an anti- piracy patrol off the west coast of Africa. The ship lingered near the mouth of

342-464: The Caribbean , where the furry attire would hardly be comfortable in the tropical heat. This incongruity supports the popular belief that Selkirk was a model for the fictional character, though most literary scholars now accept that he was "just one of many survival narratives that Defoe knew about". I am monarch of all I survey, My right there is none to dispute; From the center all around to

380-721: The Dutch East Indies . Selkirk completed the around-the-world voyage by the Cape of Good Hope as the sailing master of Duke , arriving at the Downs off the English coast on 1 October 1711. He had been away for eight years. Selkirk's experience as a castaway aroused a great deal of attention in Britain. His fellow crewman Edward Cooke mentioned Selkirk's ordeal in a book chronicling their privateering expedition, A Voyage to

418-596: The River Gambia to resupply. However, the natives took several of their number hostages and ransomed them off for food. As the ship sailed down the coast of West Africa , men began to contract yellow fever from the swarms of mosquitoes that followed them. Selkirk became sick with the disease in early December. He died on 13 December 1721, along with shipmate William King. Both were buried at sea . When Daniel Defoe published The Life and Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe (1719), few readers could have missed

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456-492: The seaworthiness of their vessel and wanted to make the necessary repairs before going any further. He declared that he would rather stay on Juan Fernández than continue in a dangerously leaky ship. Stradling took him up on the offer and landed Selkirk on the island with a musket , a hatchet , a knife, a cooking pot, a Bible , bedding and some clothes. Selkirk immediately regretted his rashness, but Stradling refused to let him back on board. Cinque Ports later foundered off

494-465: The Bible, finding it a comfort in his situation and a prop for his English. During his sojourn on the island, two vessels came to anchor. Unfortunately for Selkirk, both were Spanish. Being British and a privateer, he would have faced a grim fate if captured and therefore did his best to hide. Once, he was spotted and chased by a group of Spanish sailors from one of the ships. His pursuers urinated beneath

532-884: The Idaho panhandle, and far eastern Washington State, United States Canada [ edit ] Selkirk, Manitoba Selkirk (federal electoral district) , a federal riding in Manitoba Selkirk (provincial electoral district) , in Manitoba Selkirk, Ontario Fort Selkirk , Yukon Chile [ edit ] Alejandro Selkirk Island , in the Juan Fernández Archipelago, Valparaíso Region, Chile Scotland [ edit ] Selkirk, Scottish Borders , Scotland Selkirk (Parliament of Scotland constituency) Selkirkshire , Scotland United States [ edit ] Selkirk, Kansas , an unincorporated community Selkirk, Missouri ,

570-520: The Pacific. A raid on the Panamanian gold mining town of Santa María failed when their landing party was ambushed . The easy capture of Asunción , a heavily laden merchantman , revived the men's hopes of plunder, and Selkirk was put in charge of the prize ship . Dampier took off some much-needed provisions of wine, brandy, sugar, and flour, then abruptly set the ship free, arguing that the gain

608-642: The Real Robinson Crusoe is a stop motion film by Walter Tournier based on Selkirk's life. It premièred simultaneously in Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay on 2 February 2012, distributed by The Walt Disney Company . It was the first full-length animated feature to be produced in Uruguay. Selkirk has been memorialized in his Scottish birthplace. Lord Aberdeen delivered a speech on 11 December 1885, after which his wife, Lady Aberdeen , unveiled

646-681: The South Pacific during the War of the Spanish Succession . One such expedition was on Cinque Ports , captained by Thomas Stradling, under the overall command of William Dampier . Stradling's ship stopped to resupply at the uninhabited Juan Fernández Islands , west of South America, and Selkirk judged correctly that the craft was unseaworthy and asked to be left there. Selkirk's suspicions were soon justified, as Cinque Ports foundered near Malpelo Island 400 km (250 mi) from

684-548: The South Sea and Round the World (1712). A more detailed recounting was published by the expedition's leader, Rogers, within months. The following year, prominent essayist Richard Steele wrote an article about him for The Englishman newspaper. Selkirk appeared set to enjoy a life of ease and celebrity, claiming his share of Duke 's plundered wealth—about £800 (equivalent to £150,500 today). However, legal disputes made

722-598: The amount of any payment uncertain. After a few months in London , he began to seem more like his former self again. However, he still missed his secluded and solitary moments, remarking, "I am now worth eight hundred pounds, but shall never be as happy as when I was not worth a farthing ." In September 1713, he was charged with assaulting a shipwright in Bristol and might have been kept in confinement for two years. He returned to Lower Largo , where he met Sophia Bruce,

760-435: The beach for the mating season, eventually drove him to the island's interior. Once inland, his way of life took a turn for the better. More foods were available there: feral goats —introduced by earlier sailors—provided him with meat and milk, while wild turnips , the leaves of the indigenous cabbage tree and dried Schinus fruits ( pink peppercorns ) offered him variety and spice. Rats would attack him at night, but he

798-449: The coast of what is now Colombia. By the time he was eventually rescued by the privateer Woodes Rogers , who was accompanied by Dampier, Selkirk had become adept at hunting and making use of the resources that he found on the island. His story of survival was widely publicized after his return, becoming one of the reputed sources of inspiration for the English writer Daniel Defoe 's fictional character Robinson Crusoe . Alexander Selkirk

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836-535: The coast of what is now Colombia. Stradling and some of his crew survived the loss of their ship but were forced to surrender to the Spanish. The survivors were taken to Lima, Peru , where they endured a harsh imprisonment. At first, Selkirk remained along the shoreline of Más a Tierra. During this time, he ate spiny lobsters and scanned the ocean daily for rescue, suffering all the while from loneliness, misery, and remorse. Hordes of raucous sea lions , gathering on

874-426: The island, observing: "One may see that solitude and retirement from the world is not such an insufferable state of life as most men imagine, especially when people are fairly called or thrown into it unavoidably, as this man was." He made Selkirk Duke ' s second mate , later giving him command of one of their prize ships, Increase , before it was ransomed by the Spanish. Selkirk returned to privateering with

912-466: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Selkirk&oldid=1189417790 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Alexander Selkirk Alexander Selkirk (1676 – 13 December 1721)

950-408: The resemblance to Selkirk. An illustration on the first page of the novel shows "a rather melancholy-looking man standing on the shore of an island, gazing inland", in the words of modern explorer Tim Severin . He is dressed in the familiar hirsute goatskins, his feet and shins bare. Yet Crusoe's island is located not in the mid-latitudes of the South Pacific but 4,300 km (2,700 mi) away in

988-458: The sea, I am the lord of the fowl and the brute. Oh, Alexander Selkirk knew the plight Of being king and government and nation. A road, a mile of the kingdom, I am king Of banks and stones and every blooming thing. These passengers, because they clung to a mast, Upon a desert island were eventually cast. They hunted for their meals, as Alexander Selkirk used, But they couldn't chat together—they had not been introduced. Selkirk,

1026-399: The tree in which he was hiding but failed to notice him. The would-be captors then gave up and sailed away. Selkirk's long-awaited deliverance came on 2 February 1709 by way of Duke , a privateering ship piloted by William Dampier, and its sailing companion Duchess . Thomas Dover led the landing party that met Selkirk. After four years and four months without human company, Selkirk

1064-474: The west. An archaeological expedition to the Juan Fernández Islands in February 2005 found part of a nautical instrument that likely belonged to Selkirk. It was "a fragment of copper alloy identified as being from a pair of navigational dividers " dating from the early 18th (or late 17th) century. Selkirk is the only person known to have been on the island at that time who is likely to have had dividers and

1102-513: Was captain of St George and Selkirk served on Cinque Ports , St George ' s companion ship, as sailing master under Captain Thomas Stradling. By this time, Selkirk must have had considerable experience at sea. In February 1704, following a stormy passage around Cape Horn , the privateers fought a long battle with a well-armed French vessel, St Joseph , only to have it escape to warn its Spanish allies of their arrival in

1140-522: Was a Scottish privateer and Royal Navy officer who spent four years and four months as a castaway (1704–1709) after being marooned by his captain, initially at his request, on an uninhabited island in the South Pacific Ocean . He survived that ordeal, but died from tropical illness years later while serving as a lieutenant aboard HMS  Weymouth off West Africa. Selkirk was an unruly youth and joined buccaneering voyages to

1178-488: Was able to sleep soundly and in safety by domesticating and living near feral cats . Selkirk proved resourceful in using materials that he found on the island: he forged a new knife out of barrel hoops left on the beach; built two huts out of pepper trees, one of which he used for cooking and the other for sleeping; and employed his musket to hunt goats and his knife to clean their carcasses. As his gunpowder dwindled, he had to chase prey on foot. During one such chase, he

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1216-477: Was almost incoherent with joy. The Duke 's captain and leader of the expedition was Woodes Rogers , who wryly referred to Selkirk as the governor of the island. The agile castaway caught two or three goats a day and helped restore the health of Rogers' men, who had developed scurvy . Captain Rogers was impressed by Selkirk's physical vigour, but also by the peace of mind that he had attained while living on

1254-514: Was badly injured when he tumbled from a cliff, lying helpless and unable to move for about a day. His prey had cushioned his fall, probably sparing him a broken back. Childhood lessons learned from his father, a tanner, now served him well. For example, when his clothes wore out, he made new ones from hair-covered goatskins using a nail for sewing. As his shoes became unusable, he did not need to replace them, since his toughened, calloused feet made protection unnecessary. He sang psalms and read from

1292-547: Was engaged in buccaneering . In 1703, he joined an expedition of English privateer and explorer William Dampier to the South Pacific Ocean , setting sail from Kinsale in Ireland on 11 September. They carried letters of marque from the Lord High Admiral authorizing their armed merchant ships to attack foreign enemies as the War of the Spanish Succession was then going on between England and Spain. Dampier

1330-486: Was even said by Rogers to have had such instruments in his possession. The artifact was discovered while excavating a site not far from Selkirk's Lookout where the famous castaway is believed to have lived. In 1825, during John Howell's research of Alexander Selkirk's biography, his " flip-can " was in the possession of his great-grand-nephew John Selkirk, and Alexander's musket was "in the possession of Major Lumsden of Lathallan." Selkirk Communications Selkirk

1368-787: Was eventually acquired by Maclean-Hunter in 1988. When the sale was finalized the following year, Maclean-Hunter sold almost all of the company's broadcast properties to WIC and Rogers Communications , retaining ownership only of Selkirk's cable holdings and one radio station. Maclean-Hunter was itself acquired by Rogers in 1994. Maclean-Hunter sold all of the Western Canadian stations to Rogers Communications , retaining ownership only of CFNY in Toronto. All of Selkirk's television stations were sold to Western International Communications by Maclean-Hunter. More than 400,000 television service subscribers. This article about

1406-512: Was not worth the effort. In May 1704, Stradling decided to abandon Dampier and strike out on his own. In September 1704, after parting ways with Dampier, Captain Stradling brought Cinque Ports to an island known to the Spanish as Más a Tierra located in the uninhabited Juan Fernández archipelago 670 km (420 mi) off the coast of Chile for a mid-expedition restocking of fresh water and supplies. Selkirk had grave concerns about

1444-601: Was the son of a shoemaker and tanner in Lower Largo , Fife , Scotland, born in 1676. In his youth, he displayed a quarrelsome and unruly disposition. He was summoned before the Kirk Session in August 1693 for his "indecent conduct in church", but he "did not appear, being gone to sea". He was back at Largo in 1701 when he again came to the attention of church authorities for assaulting his brothers. Early on, he

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