The Agriculture Building at the University of Arkansas is a building on the University's campus in Fayetteville, Arkansas . The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.
67-524: The University of Arkansas Campus Historic District is a historic district that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on September 23, 2009. The district covers the historic core of the University of Arkansas campus, including 25 buildings. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) on September 23, 2009, and the listing was announced as
134-507: A Certificate of Appropriateness (COA), and the historic commission or architectural review board may decide upon the changes. The COA process is carried out with all aspects of due process, with formal notification, hearings, and fair and informed decision-making. According to the National Park Service, historic districts are one of the oldest forms of protection for historic properties. The city of Charleston, South Carolina
201-444: A State Historic Preservation Office, not all states must have a "state historic district" designation. As of 2004, for example, the state of North Carolina had no such designation. Local historic districts usually enjoy the greatest level of protection legally from any threats that may compromise their historic integrity because many land-use decisions are made at the local level. There are more than 2,300 local historic districts in
268-493: A chemistry building until 1935, when the new Chemistry Building was erected. The building then became home to the School of Law and was the site at which Silas Herbert Hunt enrolled at the university in 1948, becoming the first African American to integrate a southern university without threat of litigation. It later was home to the departments of Psychology and Geography, and is now used by the School of Social Work. Peabody Hall
335-580: A federal designation, such as granting qualifications and tax incentives. In addition, the property can become protected under specific state laws. The laws can be similar or different from the federal guidelines that govern the National Register. A state listing of a historic district on a "State Register of Historic Places", usually by the State Historic Preservation Office , can be an "honorary status", much like
402-408: A historic district are normally divided into two categories, contributing and non-contributing. Districts vary greatly in size and composition: a historic district could comprise an entire neighborhood with hundreds of buildings, or a smaller area with just one or a few resources. Historic districts can be created by federal, state, or local governments . At the federal level, they are designated by
469-596: A historic district per U.S. federal law , last revised in 2004. According to the Register definition, a historic district is: a geographically definable area, urban or rural, possessing a significant concentration, linkage, or continuity of sites, buildings, structures, or objects united by past events or aesthetically by plan or physical development. A district may also comprise individual elements separated geographically but linked by association or history. Districts established under U.S. federal guidelines generally begin
536-544: A mesh of structures, streets, open space, and landscaping to define a historic district's character. As early as 1981, the National Trust for Historic Preservation identified 882 American cities and towns that had some form of "historic district zoning " in place--local laws meant specifically to protect historic districts. Before 1966, historic preservation in the United States was in its infancy. That year
603-514: A price per square foot basis increased in value significantly more than non-designated properties. The original concept of an American historic district was a protective area surrounding more important, individual historic sites. As the field of historic preservation progressed, those involved came to realize that the structures acting as "buffer zones" were key elements of the historical integrity of larger landmark sites. Preservationists believed that districts should be more encompassing, blending
670-456: A separate process unrelated to zoning. Local historic districts are identified by surveying historic resources and delineating appropriate boundaries that comply with all aspects of due process . Depending on local ordinances or state law, property owners' permission may be required; however, all owners are to be notified and allowed to share their opinions. Most local historic districts are constricted by design guidelines that control changes to
737-423: A specific definition in relation to the National Register. All but the eponymous district category are also applied to historic districts listed on the National Register. A listing on the National Register of Historic Places is a governmental acknowledgment of a historic district. However, the Register is "an honorary status with some federal financial incentives." The National Register of Historic Places defines
SECTION 10
#1732797704282804-480: Is a multipurpose semi-circular amphitheatre , designed with the Theatre of Dionysus as an inspiration. Chi Omega donated the theatre to the university, and president John C. Futrall accepted the gift on June 28, 1930, in accordance with the 1925 Jamieson and Spearl master plan. Chi Omega was founded at Arkansas in 1895. It has served host for concerts, pep rallies, commencements, and classes. The landscape around
871-407: Is credited with beginning the modern-day historic districts movement. In 1931, Charleston enacted an ordinance which designated an "Old and Historic District" administered by a Board of Architectural Review. Charleston's early ordinance reflected the strong protection that local historic districts often enjoy under local law. It asserted that no alteration could be made to any architectural features
938-414: Is how it is known today. The building still houses the three listed departments to this day. Memorial Hall's interior contains many art deco features from the period of construction, including large lights near the steps of the north entrance and many sleek lines. The floors feature repeating patterns typical of art deco construction and the staircases appear streamlined and modern. At the west entrance to
1005-471: Is little more than recognition by the government that the resource is worthy of preservation. Generally, the criteria for acceptance to the National Register are applied consistently, but there are considerations for exceptions to the criteria, and historic districts influence some of those exceptions. Usually, the National Register does not list religious structures, moved structures, reconstructed structures, or properties that have achieved significance within
1072-488: Is not involved, then the listing on the National Register provides the site , property or district no protections. For example, if company A wants to tear down the hypothetical Smith House and company A is under contract with the state government of Illinois, then the federal designation would offer no protections. If, however, company A was under federal contract, the Smith House would be protected. A federal designation
1139-537: The National Park Service and listed on the National Register of Historic Places ; this is a largely honorary designation that does not restrict what property owners may do with a property. State -level historic districts usually do not include restrictions, though this depends on the state. Historic districts created by local municipalities, however, almost always protect historic properties by regulating alterations, demolition, or new construction within
1206-560: The U.S. Conference of Mayors penned an influential report which concluded, in part, that Americans suffered from a sense of "rootlessness." They recommended historic preservation to help give Americans a sense of orientation. The creation of the National Register of Historic Places in 1966, on the heels of the report, helped instill that sense of orientation the mayors sought. The mayors also recommended that any historic preservation program not focus solely on individual properties but also on "areas and districts which contain special meaning for
1273-717: The Arkansas Legislature. It was one of six other buildings built at the same time. The new Agriculture Building was built in 1927, and the old Agriculture Annex became the university infirmary in 1940. The infirmary moved upon construction of the Pat Walker Health Center. Today, the Agriculture Annex building contains a computer lab for agriculture students in addition to an agriculture statistics lab and offices for graduate students. The Inn at Carnall Hall and Ella's Restaurant are
1340-603: The Chi Omega Greek Theatre includes shade trees, hedges, and scenic lawns. From the lawn, downtown Fayetteville is visible. The Theatre and Landscape augment each other, together making a historic landscape. Vol Walker Hall , originally Vol Walker Library , was the library on the University of Arkansas campus. Modeled after Rush Rhees Library at the University of Rochester , the University of Arkansas obtained Public Works Administration funding to build
1407-470: The National Register of Historic Places. If such an objection occurred, then the nomination would become a determination of National Register eligibility only. This provision is controversial because of the presumption that owners who do not file a formal objection support the designation, placing the burden on opponents. Most U.S. state governments have a listing similar to the National Register of Historic Places. State listings can have similar benefits to
SECTION 20
#17327977042821474-669: The National Register. For example, in Nevada , listing in the State Register places no limits on property owners. In contrast, state law in Tennessee requires that property owners within historic districts follow a strict set of guidelines from the U.S. Department of Interior when altering their properties. Though, according to the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, all states must have
1541-424: The United States is primarily based on arguments that such laws creating such districts restrict the supply of affordable housing, and thus the result of such districts is that of enforcing caste structures and class divisions by region and segments of urban areas. Several historic districts have been proposed not for a true preservation purpose but to prevent development. The issue of local historic districts and
1608-425: The United States. Local historic districts can be administered at the county or the municipal level; both entities are involved in land use decisions. The specific legal mechanism by which historic districts are enacted and regulated varies from one state to the next. In some areas, they are a component of zoning (where they are sometimes referred to as "overlay districts." In other places, they are created under
1675-541: The University of Arkansas was completed in 1927 in the collegiate gothic style. The building at first hosted six departments, a library, and offices. The Agriculture Building and Engineering Hall were built at the same time in the same style, as part of the 1925 master plan. Upon completion of the new Plant Sciences building, the original Agriculture Building currently houses the agribusiness and economics , agricultural and extension education, agricultural communications, and entomology departments. The Chi Omega Greek Theatre
1742-668: The Vieux Carré Commission and authorizing it to act to maintain the historic character of the city's French Quarter . Other localities picked up on the concept, with the city of Philadelphia enacting its historic preservation ordinance in 1955. The regulatory authority of local commissions and historic districts has been consistently upheld as a legitimate use of government police power, most notably in Penn Central Transportation Co. v. City of New York (1978). The Supreme Court case validated
1809-478: The building fell into disrepair, and closed in 1991. However, due to the hard work of preservationists, the building has been refurbished and today operates as a hotel. It contains 49 rooms and is very popular during Arkansas Razorbacks sporting events. The Chemistry Building was built in 1906 as the original chemistry building on campus. A small, three-story brick building in the Spanish architecture style, it
1876-599: The building in the Classic Revival form. The building has also housed the School of Architecture since the construction of Mullins Library in 1968. The building was renovated from 2011 to 2013, and a 30,000-square-foot addition, the Steven L. Anderson Design Center, allowed all three of the school's departments—architecture, landscape architecture and interior design—to share a single building. The Chemistry Building
1943-470: The building stand two large, mature trees. One is a Bald Cypress and the other a Southern Magnolia . Both trees date to the time of Memorial Hall's construction. Gearhart Hall (formerly known as Ozark Hall) is one of the older buildings on campus. It is home to several of the physical science departments. The building was formerly attached to the Commerce Building, and together the structure
2010-602: The campus is Campus Walk. Formerly a through street, Campus Drive was converted to a footpath that runs from Maple Street on the north, through the Pi Beta Phi Memorial Gate, and follows the street's path across the campus core and through the Bell Engineering Center to the street's former intersection with Dickson Street. Old Main , originally University Hall , is the university's signature building and appears on its seal. The building
2077-404: The center, with a multipane lancet window at the second level and a recessed entrance at the first. Historic district (United States) Historic districts in the United States are designated historic districts recognizing a group of buildings, archaeological resources, or other properties as historically or architecturally significant. Buildings, structures, objects, and sites within
University of Arkansas Campus Historic District - Misplaced Pages Continue
2144-632: The community." Local, state, and federal historic districts now account for thousands of historical property listings at all levels of government. University of Arkansas Agriculture Building The Agriculture Building and Engineering Building were both built using the same funding from the Arkansas Legislature. Completed in 1927, the Agriculture Building hosted a library, the agronomy , horticulture , plant pathology , rural economics and sociology , and entomology departments, in addition to offices. A new Plant Pathology building
2211-526: The construction of Barnhill Arena in 1954, the physical education department until 1982, and the university museum until 2003. It now contains the Arkansas Center for Space and Planetary Sciences . Futrall Memorial Hall , usually just Memorial Hall , originally Student Union at the University of Arkansas is a building on the university's campus in Fayetteville, Arkansas . The building
2278-421: The designation process through a nomination to the National Register of Historic Places. The National Register is the official recognition by the U.S. government of cultural resources worthy of preservation. While designation through the National Register does offer a district or property some protections, it is only in cases where the threatening action involves the federal government . If the federal government
2345-668: The district. Much criticism has arisen of historic districts and the effect protective zoning and historic designation status laws have on the housing supply. When an area of a city is designated as part of a 'historic district', new housing development is artificially restricted and the supply of new housing permanently capped in area so designated as 'historic'. Critics of historic districts argue that while these districts may offer an aesthetic or visually pleasing benefit, they increase inequality by restricting access to new and affordable housing for lower and middle class tenants and potential home owners. Housing advocates have argued that
2412-570: The earliest segments of Senior Walk , a concrete walking path that runs throughout the entire campus and contains the name of university graduates from every class since 1875. The lawn also contains the Spoofer's Stone, a piece of limestone that the builders of Old Main left in place after it fell out of an oxcart and broke. The stone was used as a meeting place for males and females during the 1880s when students of opposite sexes weren't allowed to mix. The campus arboretum contains every tree found in
2479-443: The featured listing in the National Park Service 's weekly list of October 2, 2009. The Inn at Carnall Hall is a member of Historic Hotels of America , the official program of the National Trust for Historic Preservation . The historical core of campus was built in many phases, coincident with when funding was available to build. Beginning with the construction of Old Main in 1879, buildings were built haphazardly around campus. This
2546-509: The hall was renamed. The dining hall was constructed in the Collegiate Gothic style by Wittenberg & Delony of Little Rock , completed in 1937. The Men's Gymnasium was built in 1937 using PWA funds by Haralson & Nelson. Using light brick and limestone, the building was built in the Collegiate Gothic style. It could hold 3,500 patrons as a stadium and 7,500 as an auditorium. It housed Arkansas Razorbacks basketball until
2613-528: The historic designation process has in many places been hijacked by NIMBY homeowners to block housing. The first U.S. historic district was established in Charleston, South Carolina in 1931, predating the U.S. federal government designation by more than three decades. Charleston city government designated an "Old and Historic District" by local ordinance and created a board of architectural review to oversee it. New Orleans followed in 1937, establishing
2680-627: The impact on property values concerns many homeowners. The effects have been extensively studied using multiple methodologies, including before-and-after analysis and evaluating comparable neighborhoods with and without local designation status. Independent researchers have conducted factual analysis in several states, including New Jersey, Texas, Indiana, Georgia, Colorado, Maryland, North and South Carolina, Kentucky, Virginia, and elsewhere. As stated by economist Donovan Rypkema, "the results of these studies are remarkably consistent: property values in local historic districts appreciate significantly faster than
2747-406: The last 50 years. However, if a property falls into one of those categories and are " integral parts of districts that do meet the criteria", then an exception allowing their listing will be made. Historic district listings, like all National Register nominations, can be rejected based on owner disapproval. In the case of historic districts, a majority of owners must object to nullify a nomination to
University of Arkansas Campus Historic District - Misplaced Pages Continue
2814-545: The market as a whole in the vast majority of cases and appreciate at rates equivalent to the market in the worst case. Simply put – historic districts enhance property values." In a 2011 study Connecticut Local Historic Districts and Property Values , it was found that "property values in every local historic district saw average increases in value ranging from 4% to over 19% per year." Similarly, in New York City between 1980 and 2000, local historic district properties on
2881-467: The properties included in the district. Many local commissions adopt specific guidelines for each neighborhood's " tout ensemble " although some smaller commissions rely on the Secretary of Interior Standards. For most minor changes, homeowners can consult with local preservation staff at the municipal office and receive guidance and permission. Significant changes, however, require homeowners to apply for
2948-435: The property owner's consent or compensation for the historic overlay. Historic districts are generally two types of properties, contributing and non-contributing. Broadly defined, a contributing property is any property, structure, or object which adds to the historical integrity or architectural qualities that make a historic district, listed locally or federally, significant. Different entities, usually governmental, at both
3015-516: The protection of historic resources as "an entirely permissible governmental goal." In 1966, the federal government created the National Register of Historic Places, soon after a report from the U.S. Conference of Mayors had stated Americans suffered from "rootlessness." By the 1980s, there were thousands of federally designated historic districts. Some states, such as Arizona, have passed referendums defending property rights that have stopped private property from being designated as historic without
3082-713: The public could view from the street. Local historic districts, as in New Orleans and Savannah, Georgia , predate the Register by ten years or more as well. Local historic districts are most likely to generate resistance because of the restrictions they tend to place on property owners. Local laws can cause residents "to comply with (local historic district) ordinances." For example, homeowners may be prevented from upgrading poorly insulated windows unless they spend tens of thousands of dollars on identical styles. Criticism of historic districts in Chicago and elsewhere in
3149-525: The state and national level in the United States, have differing definitions of contributing property, but they all retain the same basic characteristics. In general, contributing properties are integral parts of a historic district's historical context and character. In addition to the two types of classification within historic districts, properties listed on the National Register of Historic Places are classified into five broad categories. They are: building, structure, site, district, and object; each one has
3216-472: The state of Arkansas . The Old Main Lawn area was enclosed by sandstone blocks in early 1900. Senior Walk is a concrete footpath of over 3.5 miles (5.6 km) started in 1905 that contains the name of University of Arkansas graduates. The idea is unique to the University of Arkansas. Initially, sections of the walk were created by a representative of the graduating class who simply wrote the students' names in
3283-713: The time was named Student Union . On September 12, 1939, Futrall was killed in an automobile accident, and the Board of Trustees passed a resolution to change the name to Futrall Memorial Hall . The building was still referred to as the Student Union, despite the motion. The grand building was opened in March 1940, and featured a bookstore, restaurant, post office , confectionery , and a large ballroom with bandshell . The second floor had offices for The Arkansas Traveler (the student publication). The building remained as it
3350-412: The university were counseled by upperclass students to not step on the sidewalk bearing the class of 1900, because the members of the 1900 class had all met untimely and tragic deaths. In truth, the members of the class of 1900 lived long, productive lives. The university has designated future sidewalks to continue Senior Walk through at least 2030. Agriculture Hall was built in 1906 using funding from
3417-507: The university's own on-campus 50-room historic inn and five-star restaurant . This facility also serves the Hospitality and Restaurant Management academic program. Carnall Hall was built in 1905 as the university's first women's residence hall. The building was named after Ella Carnall, a noted teacher and role model for young women, and one of the campus’ first female faculty members. It was designed by Charles L. Thompson . The structure
SECTION 50
#17327977042823484-555: The university. The Hall was built on the far northeast corner of campus in keeping with the university's strict rules against fraternization between the sexes. The building was used as a women's dormitory until 1967, and then housed the Phi Gamma Delta fraternity until 1977. Subsequently, the Hall was used for academics until the renovation of Old Main . Despite being listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982,
3551-453: The wet concrete; the university began using brass letter stamps to imprint the names in wet concrete in the 1920s and continued that process until the late 1970s. The graduating classes prior to 1905 were added retroactively. Larger graduating classes led the university's staff to create the "Senior Sand Hog", which sandblasts the names into the concrete walks after the concrete has cured. For many years, according to university lore, freshmen at
3618-458: Was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. In the 1990s it was renovated into an inn and restaurant, with lead architect James Lambeth. The Arkansas Legislature funded six buildings for the university in 1905, one of which was designated to be the first women's dormitory in the state. It was completed by 1906 and named for Miss Ella Howison Carnall, who was a prominent professor of English and modern languages from 1881 to 1894 at
3685-462: Was added to the National Register of Historic Places in September 1992 as Student Union Building-University of Arkansas, Fayetteville . President John C. Futrall identified a need for a student union on campus and began charging students a $ 2 "student union fee" on their bill. That fee, coupled with Public Works Administration funding, resulted in the construction of Memorial Hall, which at
3752-586: Was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970. Old Main Lawn is an area surrounding Old Main on the University of Arkansas campus. Prior to 1872, the land was known as the McIlroy Farm. It was purchased for use as a university campus because of its prominence (the campus is still referred to as "The Hill"). In the late 1890s, part of the lawn was used as the university's first football field. Sheep were grazed on part of it. Agricultural students planted an oatfield on part of it. The Lawn contains
3819-577: Was built in 1913 using a $ 40,000 donation from the George Peabody Fund. It was the first on-campus building built using private funds. It was built for use by the teacher education department and has been used by that department continuously since completion. Peabody Hall was completely renovated, inside and out, in 2011, garnering an award from the Historic Preservation Alliance of Arkansas. The Women's Gymnasium
3886-423: Was built in 1935 to replace a smaller chemistry building. It was constructed using Public Works Administration funding in conjunction with Vol Walker Library as part of the 1925 master plan. The university also outgrew this Chemistry Building, and a new building was added by skywalk in 1992. Gibson Hall , originally Razorback Hall , is a women's residence hall on the University of Arkansas campus. Gibson Hall
3953-455: Was built in 1978, taking some of the aforementioned departments. The two buildings are connected by a skywalk. It now contains the agribusiness and economics , agricultural and extension education, agricultural communications, and entomology departments. This article about a university or college in Arkansas is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about
4020-597: Was built similar to the Agriculture Building , and was completed at around the same time. Using limestone from Batesville, Arkansas , the building holds an auditorium, library, classrooms, labs, studios, a blueprint room, and a tool room. Following the construction of Bell Engineering Center in 1987, the original Engineering Hall is now used primarily for small classes. The building was renamed "John A. White Jr. Engineering Hall" in 2012 in honor of former chancellor John A. White . The Agriculture Building at
4087-485: Was changed when the architecture firm Jamieson & Spearl designed the 1925 master plan, which includes many of the Collegiate Gothic style buildings (such as the Agriculture Building ). The plan allowed for more structure and a better layout. However, funding ran dry and the master plan came to a halt. Building resumed following many Public Works Administration grants after World War II . One feature of
SECTION 60
#17327977042824154-474: Was completed in 1925 by the campus Department of Buildings and Grounds with help from the engineering students. The floor was 60 feet (18 m) by 90 feet (27 m), and could hold two basketball courts or four volleyball courts. It also has a full basement. Today, the building is used by the Army ROTC . John A. White, Jr. Engineering Hall was completed in the collegiate gothic style in 1927. The building
4221-602: Was constructed between 1873 and 1875 as part of a land grant for the state of Arkansas. The building was designed in Second Empire architectural style. The exterior walls are made of local red brick, and the foundation uses local sandstone. John Mills Van Osdel 's original plan called for a clock, but one was not installed until 2005. Old Main currently houses the offices of the J. William Fulbright College of Arts and Sciences , its honors program and five academic departments, as well as classrooms and meeting spaces. Old Main
4288-551: Was for ten years, until a large three-story addition was finished to provide better food services. Upon completion of the Arkansas Union in 1973, Memorial Hall became home to the psychology department, and many of the rooms were converted to classrooms. It also gained the Landscape Architecture and Air Force ROTC departments. The Board of Trustees again changed the name to Memorial Hall in 1973, which
4355-527: Was known as the Business Administration Building . The Business Administration department moved out in 1978, and the Commerce Building was razed in 1987. The building is located directly to the south of Old Main. The Home Economics Building is a two-story Collegiate Gothic classroom building, built in 1939. Its walls are cut stone, and are topped by a crenellated parapet, which obscures the tar roof. A tall entrance tower rises at
4422-420: Was originally a men's residence hall, and the three-story brick building was named Razorback Hall. Following a 1963 remodeling, the building became an upper-tier women's dormitory. In 1981, it was renamed posthumously for James L. Gibson, the late University housing director. The Gibson Annex is the accompanying dining hall for Gibson Hall. Originally named Razorback Dining Hall, it was renamed Gibson Annex when
4489-469: Was outgrown and replaced by the new Chemistry Building in 1935. Today this building serves as the School of Social Work. The Arkansas Legislature funded six buildings for the university in 1905, one of which was designated to be the university's first chemistry building. It was completed by 1906. Like many of the brick buildings, it was painted white in the 1930s to blend with the newer limestone-clad collegiate gothic-style buildings. The building served as
#281718